iosr-JPBS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Abstract: Aim: Herbal preparations are produced from separate plants, various plant combinations or combinations of different species of the same plant. Nauclea latifolia root, Acalypha torta leaves, Gongronema latifolium leaves, Cinchona calisaya bark and Moringa oleifera leaves are Nigerian medicinal plants with scientifically established antidiabetic properties. The antidiabetic activities of various combinations of these plant samples were then studied in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar albino rats to determine the most efficacious combination (ratio). Materials and Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced with alloxan monohydrate, 150.0 mg/kg wt. (i.p). The various plant samples were collected, washed, dried and pulverized. Various combinations (A – H) of the above plants were prepared by mixing varying ratios of the samples. Different groups of diabetic rats were treated with 50.0.........

Keywords: Antidiabetic, Nauclea latifolia, Acalypha torta, Gongronema latifolium, Cinchona calisaya, Moringa oleifera

Abstract: Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to be the mainstay of topical therapy in the management of ocular inflammations. Aceclofenac (ACF) possesses better analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory efficacy than other NSAIDs. Aceclofenac eye drop is not available in the market so this study is considered as a novel approach to formulate ACF eye drops to reduce eye inflammation. The goal of the present study was to formulate ACF eye drop using different polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), capobol 934 (CP 934) and sodium alginate (S. Alg). These formulae were evaluted with respect to drug content, pH, viscosity, in-vitro release, and stability for 6 months. Kinetic analysis of the release data was done. The efficacy of the selected formulation (FI) against...........

Keywords: Aceclofenac, eye drops, stability study, anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Abstract: Background: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) Is A Chronic Inflammatory Disease Of The Axial Skeleton Manifested By Back Pain And Progressive Stiffness Of The Spine. It Characteristically Affects Young Adults With A Peak Age Of Onset Between 20 And 30 Years(1).There Is Evidence That Calprotectin Plays An Important Role In Regulating Inflammatory And Immune Processes Via Several Mechanisms. Calprotectin Promotes Migration Of Phagocytes To The Sites Of Inflammation And Is Recognized By Toll-Like Receptor-4 On Monocytes(2).In General, Calprotectin Has Been Considered To Be An Important Molecule Contributing To Inflammation (3). Objective: To Evaluate The Role Of Calprotectin (S-100 Protein) In Iraqi Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis And Its Relation With Treatment And Disease Activity.Results: Ninety (90) Subjects Were Included In This Study, Sixty (60) Of Them...........

Keywords: Ankylosing Spondylitis,Calprotectin.

Abstract: Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is defined by the presence of nephrotic range proteinuria, edema hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. Nephrotic syndrome in children is the most common renal disease in Indonesia. Steroid in NS could lower mortality rate. Long term of steroid has gained notoriety due to its tendency to induce multiple side effects, including higher intraocular pressure (IOP). The aim of this current study to determine ocular abnormalities in children such as higher IOP with NS from prolonged corticosteroid therapy. A serial prospective analytic case study was conducted at the Adam Malik Hospital from march 2015 to august 2015 after approved by The.........

Keywords: nephrotic syndrome, steroid, intraocular pressure (IOP).

Abstract: The present study was performed for the first time in AL-Rusafa Institute of Management Baghdad province to estimate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among males. Toxoplasma gondii is a unique intracellular parasite, which infects a large proportion of the world, population, but clinically uncommonly causes significant disease. From 200 healthy males blood samples were collected their ages between (19 – 58) years. The results indicated that 50 % of males were exposed to positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, 7.5% of them had IgM, 42.5 % had IgG, and statistically they were significant differences between them. The current study also showed that the highest positive percentage with T. gondii at age (19 – 28) years 35.29 % while the lowest percentage at age (49-58) 12.94 %. Seropositive toxoplasmosis was higher in male's inhabited rural region 84%, than in male's inhabited urban region........

Abstract: The association between tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been established by multiple epidemiological studies worldwide. This study aims to find the prevalence of DM in TB patients in Bangladesh and attempts to investigate other factors associated to DM after a comparative analysis between TB and TB-DM groups. A descriptive cross sectional survey was done among 100 TB patients admitted in NIDCH, Dhaka using a structured questionnaire and interview, and data collected from their clinical records. Statistical analysis was carried out to find the association between TB and DM and other socio-demographic variables. Out of 100 patients admitted to NIDCH, 37% of the patients were diabetics. Majority of both groups had pulmonary TB and exhibited multi drug resistance. Amongst the TB-DM group, majority had Type 2 diabetes, poor glycemic control and reported having major complications of their co-morbidity. Males and middle aged (31-50) were more in TB-DM group while females.........

Keywords: Association, co-morbidity, diabetes, tuberculosis, prevalence.

Abstract: Autism Affects Normal Development Of The Brain In Areas Of Social Communication And Interaction. Pharmaceutical Treatments As, Risperidone Can Help Alleviate Some Behavioral Symptoms Of Autism, Such As Irritability And Aggression. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Is A New Effective Approach To Treating Autism. Purpose: To Compare Between The Effects Of Using Hyperbaric Oxygen Versus Risperidoneon These Children With Autistic Features. Patient And Method: Prospective, Controlled And Comparative Randomized Clinical Trial Conducted On Eighty Children (5-7 Years Old) Diagnosed As Autism Based On The Second Edition Of Childhood Rating Scale Standard Version (Cars 2) And Follow Up For 2 Years........

Keywords: Behavior; Development; Communication; Irritability; Aggression; Childhood Rating Scale Score.

Abstract: Background: In the world there are plenty of parasites such as intestinal parasites and freshwater parasites. Protozoa is one of the most well-known intestinal parasites; which also lives in humans' intestine. Those which survive in the guts of humans can cause severe and serious disease. These protozoa are like amoeba, flagellates, ciliates and coccidians. Objective: This article was aimed to evaluate the diseases caused by the common intestinal protozoa of humans and their symptoms, prevention & treatment. Methods:Survey of different literatures on the topic. Results: Toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and dysentery were the most common diseases caused by intestinal parasites. Conclusion: Concerned organizations like WHO and UNFDP have to emphasize in preventive and curative aspects of the intestinal parasites..

Keywords: Protozoa, literature survey, Treatment, Intestines

Abstract: Melatonin is an important hormone that mediates circadian rhythm which is the day – dark cycle of the body based on 24-hr period. Patients who are subjected to light at night, night shift work or bad sleep habits may suppress this normal nocturnal production of melatonin and increase the release of estrogen by the ovaries which may finally lead to breast cancer. 95 patients were interviewed and asked to fulfill a questionnaire from King Abdullah University Hospital. The socio-demographic data was clearly associated in a positive way with breast cancer. The bedroom environment negatively influenced the probability of breast cancer occurrence. In conclusion further studies of sleep habits and electrical light intensity at night should be done to clarify their effect on breast cancer occurrence in Jordanian females.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Melatonin, Night-shift, Smoking.

Abstract: A sample of (402) of diabetic patients, pregnant women, TB patients and children patients. The Candida albicans has formulated isolation averages of (54.40%) from 142 isolates, the fallowing Candida dubliniensis has formulated isolation averages of (12.69%) of 33 isolates These sample has been collected from the beginning of October 2011 to the end of May2012This study at usingdifferent isolation media to identify the Candida albicans yeast and the Candida dubliniensis yeast because the latter kind of yeast share a lot of features with the former one .CHROM agar Candida which is one of pigmented medium, has been utilized to differentiatedifferent Candida species depending on color and appearance of the colony, Candida albicans appear light green while Candida dubliniensis appear dark green. Tobacco agar has also been utilized to identify the two yeast by the.......

Abstract: Mud pack and bath have been used to treat musculoskeletal disorders since ancient times. However, the actual mechanisms of action of mud therapy on the inflammatory processes are complex and still not clarified. Therefore, the clinical effects of serial mud baths on the inflammatory processes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were investigated on the molecular level. A total of forty-one patients were recruited from an in-patient rheumatology clinic. The participants were randomized in 2 groups: the intervention group (IG: n = 21: 17 RA, 4 AS patients) underwent 9 mud bath applications in 21 days and a standardized multimodal physical therapy in an inpatient setting, whereas the control group (CG: n = 20: 16 RA, 4 AS patients) only received the multimodal physical therapy (MPT). The main outcome measures were the serum levels of interleukin.......