iosr-JPBS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Abstract: La myiase est l'infestation par les larves de mouches. Bien que la plupart des cas l'atteinte est cutanée ; les atteintes oculaires, nasales et urogénitales sont beaucoup plus rares. L'atteinte oculaire est observée dans moins de 5% des cas. L'ophtalmomyiase est généralement observée chez les agriculteurs et les bergers dans les zones rurales. Cependant, elle reste rare en milieu urbain via le contact avec les animaux domestiques. Cette pathologie est le plus souvent causée par la larve Oestrusovis et existe sous deux formes, externe et interne. Alors que la forme externe est sans gravité, la forme interne peut entraîner une perte de vision complète............

Abstract: La pemphigoïde oculaire cicatricielle est une maladie auto-immune chronique caractérisée par une inflammation progressive fibrosante de la conjonctive. Les complications cornéennes de la maladie sont potentiellement cécitantes si elles ne sont pas diagnostiquées et traitées à temps.

Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the levels of calcium regulating hormones in patients with thyroid disorders. Ninety Iraqi subjects with age range (20-55) years were divided into three groups; first group included 30 patients with hyperthyroidism, second group included 35 patients with hypothyroidism, while third group included 25 subjects with euthyroid as controls. Venous blood samples were collected to determine the levels of calcium and phosphorus, thyroid profile [triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)]; and levels of calcium regulating hormones [parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D3]. The results showed that levels of calcium.............

Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Calcium regulating hormones.

Abstract: Cyclophosphamide is a synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards widely used as an anticancer and immunosuppressive drug.This study was to investigate the damage in the DNA liver of male albino rats treated with low and high dose of cyclophosphamide.Use for this purpose 30 of the strain Sprague Dawley albino rats and divided into three groups, each group consisted of 10 rats; Group 1 (control) was injected with physiological solution (normal saline 0.9%), Group 2 (low dose) received 50mg/kg/b.w/weekly of drug and Group 2 (high dose) received 80mg/kg/b.w/weekly of the drug for 10 weeks.At the end of dosage, duration, the rats were dissected and the liver was excised and washed with normal saline.DNA damage analysis by using comet assay according comet assay kit...........

Abstract: A simple, rapid, precise and highly selective spectrophotometric method was developed for estimation of Apixaban in tablet dosage form by Zero Order Derivative method. Zero order derivative method, involves the measurement of absorbances of Apixaban at the wavelength of 279 nm. Methanol was used as solvent. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 5 - 25μg/ml for Apixaban. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by recovery studies of tablet dosage forms and was found to be 100% for Apixaban. The method showed good reproducibility and recovery with % RSD less than 0.790%. The LOD of Apixaban was found to be 0.23μg/ml and LOQ of Apixaban was found to be 0.713μg/ml. Thus the proposed method was found to be rapid, specific, precise, accurate and cost effective quality control tool for the routine analysis of Apixaban in bulk and tablet dosage form. Drug stability studies have been determined for the formulation under specified conditions and it was found stable.

Keywords: Apixaban, Area under curve, Analytical method validation, ICH Q2 (R1) guideline, Zero order derivative.

Abstract: The current study investigates nutrient concentration (Sodium (Na+), Magnesium (Mg+2), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca+2) and Nitrogen (N)), for soil in three different agricultural fields (AL-Musafer village (site 1), AL-Autaifiyah (site 2) and AL-Huriyah (site 3)) with three replicates of each sample were taken during four seasons from October 2016 to June 2017 and a control sample in Baghdad City in Iraq. The highest mean values of Na+ ranged from 2720.7 to 5086.9 ppm, Mg+2 values ranged from 24752.0 to 33686.0 ppm. The values of P ranged from 580.2 to 2459.3 ppm, means value of K+ ranged from 5362.7 to 7032.7 ppm. For Ca content, the values ranged from 111738.0 to 124476.2 ppm. The highest and lowest means value for N was found in site 1 which ranged from 0.02 % to 0.1 % in spring. The results compared with an optimum limits and showed that Na+, K+ and Ca+2 level were adequate for plant growth, while the Mg+2 and P level were elevated, and the level of N was low.

Keywords: Agricultural fields, Nitrogen, Nutrient, Phosphorus, Plant grow

Abstract: This study was designed to investigate antilactogenic characteristics of methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seed by measuring serum concentrations of lactogenic (prolactin, estradiol and progesterone) hormones in lactating and non-lactating wister rats. A total of 18 non-lactating rats were assigned into three (3) treatments of 6 rats each. Treatment 1 and 2 (controls) received 0.11mg/kg/day of reference drug (bromocreptine) and 100mg/kg/day of Dimethylsulfoxide 1ml: 9ml of normal saline (DMSO) which is referred to as normal control in this study. Treatment 3 received 100mg/kg/day of methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seed administered to experimental rats. Serum samples were collected and analyzed for prolaction, estradiol and progreterone by ELISA techniques...........

Key word: Antilactogenic, methanol extract, Aframomum melegueta, wistar rats.

Abstract: Psoriasis is an autoimmune and inflammatory skin condition with reactive abnormal epidermal differentiation disease in which genetic and environmental factors have a significant role. Therapeutic agents that either modulate the immune system or normalize the differentiation program of psoriatic keratinocytes are suggested for treating psoriasis. Based on the severity of the disease in patients, only patients with severe disease will be treated with biological therapy (Etanercept (ETN)) in this study. ETN is a new, safe and effective treatment for moderate to severe psoriasis. This type of medication is designed to target specific components of the immune system. Comet assay Single cell electrophoresis assay (SCGE) is a very sensitive method to determine DNA damage caused by exposure...........

Key word: Psoriasis, Etanercept, and Comet assay

Abstract: This research aims to assess hematology (hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit total, and leukosit total) and blood biochemistry (SGPT, SGOT, BUN and creatinine) to both male and female rats in sub chronic toxicity condition. This research used 40 male 40 female white Galur Wistar rats and each divided into 4 groups (control group giving CMC Na 0,5%, dose group, dose group 40 mg/kg BB, dose group 200 mg/kg BB, and dose group 1000 mg/kb BB). Each group consists of 10 males and 10 females. Each cage contains 5 rats of the same age and gender, fed and drunk in ad libitum method. Furthermore, the rats are being weighing in. Next, 70% extraction of Citrus nobilis Lour peel is orally given to the rats, every day for 90 days accordance with...........

Key word: Acute toxicity, Biochemistry, Citrus nobilis Lour pee, hematology, subchronic toxicity.

Abstract: Background: Mumps is childhood disease characterized by swelling of the parotid glands, salivary glands and other epithelial tissues, causing high morbidity and in some cases more serious complications such as deafness. Objectives: The current work design to determine the infection rate of mumps in Iraq during 2016 due to an outbreak of mumps occurred. Patients and methods: All data presented in this paper was collected from Communicable Disease Control Center - Virology Unit in Baghdad, during the period from January 2016 till December 2016. Results: High percent of infection were recorded in January (31.28%), March (24.12%) and April (20.26%) while lowest rates of infection were showed in February (16.10%) and May (8.22%). On the other hand no positive cases occur during the period from June to December. The ratio of infected males was 66.46%, while in female was 33.54%. In addition most infection 75.01% occur in age group ≤15 years. Conclusion: This epidemiological study offers valuable data that are important to study the efficiency of vaccine use in our county.

Key word: Mumps, viral infection, epidemiology, childhood disease. MMR.

Abstract: The dairy industry, revolving around milk processing, generates large volumes of industrial effluents. These effluents can be nutritious and high in organic matter, with the main component being lactose, and thus problematic to handle for municipal wastewater treatment plants. Consequently around 50% of dairy wastes are discharged to receiving water-bodies, with potential environmental consequences.
The dairy industry involves processing raw milk into products such as consumer milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, condensed milk, dried milk (milk powder), and ice cream, using processes such as chilling, pasteurization, and homogenization. The typical byproducts of milk are buttermilk, whey, and their derivatives. The effluents are generated from milk processing through milk spillage, drippings, washing of cans, tankers bottles, utensil, and equipment's and floors. The dairy industry generates on an average...........

Abstract: The inappropriate and unnecessary use of antibiotics is a common practice in health care system. It has been observed that the irrational use of antibiotics leads to an escalation in the both mortality and morbidity rate in community, increase healthcare cost and develop resistance against antibiotics. Data was retrieved from Patient Medical Record and stored in a data collection form for a period of 6 months. Rationality of the prescriptions was assessed by equating the obtained data with Antimicrobial policy GHG/BGSGH/HIC/02/ Version No. 5 issued on 20th December 2016 which was designed based on NABH standard reference: HIC/02(g) followed in our hospital setting for the prescription of antibiotics. A total of 150 prescriptions were collected in which 65 were females and 85 were males.56 prescriptions contain meropenem, in which 33 were rational and 23 were irrational...........

Key word: Rational, Fluoroquinolones, Meropenem.

Abstract: Folklore Medicine uses in Gangolu village, Bhadradri Kothagudeum District, Telangana State, which is mainly occupied by Koya tribes revealed that some medicinally important plants were used by herbal healers (ages between 54 - 80 years). In the present study, local name, scientific name, family, habit, uses have been identified. Folklore Medicine studies were conducted particularly and dense forest where the koya tribal community inhabits. The present study of the area belonging to the koya tribes and we were visited, identified and gathered information....

Keywords: Folklore Medicine