IOSR-JBM   Volume-23 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2021

Abstract: The growing emphasis on the effect of firm's activities and business operations within communities and regions is such that has over time prescribed research and scholarly interests. This is as the success or effectiveness of service localization is often based on the spectrum of how well such services align with the sustainability expectations of the host community or context. This paper therefore examined the relationship between sustainability marketing and the effective localization of services. The study is designed as a cross sectional survey and data was generated from a population of 63 supervisory staff of 9 multinational food and beverage manufacturing firms in Rivers State using the structured questionnaire instrument. The Spearman's rank order was utilized in assessing the relationship between the dimensions of sustainability marketing (relationship marketing, green marketing.....

Key Words: service localization, sustainability marketing, green marketing, relationship marketing, ethical marketing.

[1]. Auger, Pat, Timothy M. Devinney, Jordan J. Louviere, and Paul F. Burke (2010), "The Importance of Social Product Attributes in Consumer Purchasing Decisions: A Multi-Country Compara - tive Study," International Business Review, 19 (2), 140–59
[2]. Belz, F. & Peattie, K. (2009). Sustainability marketing: A global perspective. Chichester: Wiley. Bill, M. (2007). Designing Interactions.MIT Press.
[3]. Boehe, Dirk M. and Luciano B. Cruz (2010), "Corporate Social Responsibility, Product Differentiation Strategy and Export Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, 91 (2), 325–46.
[4]. Carmeli, A., &Sheaffer, Z. (2008). How Learning Leadership and Organizational Learning From Failures Enhance Perceived Organizational Capacity to Adapt to the Task Environment.
[5]. Child, John and Terence Tsai (2005), "Determinants of International Environmental Strategies of Korean Firms: An Explorative Case-Study Approach," Asian Business and Management, 10 (3), 357–80.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of e-commerce on the financial performance of SMEs during COVID-19. Covid-19 has been the source of changes in the global business environment since the beginning of 2020. It is a question of identifying, first, the dimensions and the measures that companies have taken, to ensure their continuity during the various crises in Lebanon, notably during the pandemic of covid-19, then their reflection on the financial performance of SMEs. We studied the current situation related to the Coronavirus that exists in Lebanon and the world as reflected on most existing sectors.Then we prepared......

Key Word: SME, E-commerce, Social media, COVID-19, Financial Performance, Lebanon

[1]. Ecommerce Statistics, 2020 - Ecommerce Guide https://ecommerceguide.com/ecommerce-statistics/
[2]. Bhat, Dr.Shahid&Kansana, Keshav& Majid, Jenifur. (2016). A Review Paper on E-Commerce.
[3]. Isa, Ts. Nasrul&Gisip, Imelda &Nurafizah, Sharifah &Lajuni, Nelson. (2020). The Influence of Purchasing Orientations, Online Trust and Online Purchase Experience Toward Customers' Online Purchase Intention. Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences. 6. 3323-3335. 10.31580/apss.v6i3.1376.
[4]. Eric Brousseau, "Myth of online ordering", L'Agora de la Cybermercatique, Bibliography, (1999), page 107
[5]. Emmanuel Kessous, "From site supply to delivery to consumers". Electronic commerce and the continuity of the logistics chain, (2001), (pages 103-133, / 2 (no 106)

Abstract: Human Resource Management is the effective and efficient management of people in an organization through strategic approach. It is designed and organized in such a manner to optimise employee performance in order to achieve the organizational objectives. Outbreak of pandemic COVID-19 has led to sea changesin Human Resource Management, which led to the shift of working environment from workplace to remote working. In the current scenario remote working has gained its advantage....

[1]. Saltiel, F. (2020). Who can work from home in developing countries. Covid Economics, 7(2020), 104-118.
[2]. Felstead, A., Jewson, N., Phizacklea, A., & Walters, S. (2002). Opportunities to work at home in the context of work‐life balance. Human resource management journal, 12(1), 54-76.
[3]. Bick, A., Blandin, A., & Mertens, K. (2020). Work from home after the COVID-19 Outbreak.
[4]. www.researchgate.net/publication/330325371_Working_from_home_characteristics_and_o utcomes_of_telework
[5]. www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1446903/FULLTEXT01.pdf

Abstract: The research sought to examine the compliance of listed companies to the new Zimbabwe National Code of Corporate Governance (ZIMCODE) which was instituted in April 2015. Corporate governance factors such as the board composition, board evaluation, duality of roles and the issue of board committees were highlighted.The mixed-method approach was used for gathering data with the questionnaire as the major instrument that was administered to the selected 25 listed companies. The study established that of all the corporate governance factors highlighted in the study, only board evaluation had a strong correlationship with the performance of companies. All other variables such as the role of the board, duality of roles and board committees showed weak linkages.....

Key-words: Board composition, board evaluation, compliance, duality, corporate governance and Zimbabwe National Code on Corporate Governance (ZIMCODE).

[1]. Adams, R. B., Almeida, H., and Ferreira, D. (2007). Powerful CEOs and their Impact on Corporate Performance. Review of Financial Studies, 18(4), 1403-1432.
[2]. Adams, R. B., Hermalin, B. E., and Weisbach, M. S. (2009). The Role of Boards of Directors in Corporate Governance: A Conceptual Framework and Survey.Journal of economic literature, 48(1), 58-107.
[3]. Ameer, R., Ramli, F. and Zakaria, H. (2010) A new perspective on board composition and firm performance in an emerging market.Corporate Governance, 10 (5), 647 – 661.
[4]. Bauer, R., Frijns, B., Otten, R., and Tourani-Rad, A. (2008). The impact of corporate governance on corporate performance: Evidence from Japan. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 16, 236-251.
[5]. Bhagat, S., and Bolton, B. (2008). Corporate governance and firm performance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14, 257-273.
[6]. Cadbury, A (2000), Global Corporate Governance Forum, World Bank

Abstract: This study empirically investigated the effect of corporate debt on the financial performance of Healthcare manufacturing companies in Nigeria. A random sample of three (3) Healthcare firms quoted in the Nigeria Stock Exchange as at May, 2019, were selected and studied for the period of ten years (2009-2018). Theresponse variable used for the study was Return on Asset (ROA) while explanatory variables were Short-Term Debt (STD) and Long-Term Debt (LTD). Annual time series secondary data extracted from the annual report and financial statements of the selected firms were used while the ex-post facto research design was adopted. Statistical analysis techniques employed were descriptive statistics and random effect panel least squares multiple regression......

Key Words: Long-term debt, Short-term debt, Total debt, Return on Assets, Pharmaceutical Company

[1]. Baltaci, N. &Ayaydin, H. (2014). Firm, Country and Macroeconomic Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidencefrom Turkish Banking Sector, EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal, 3 (3), 47-58.
[2]. Chadha, S. & Sharma, A. K. (2016).An Empirical Study on Capital Structure in Indian Manufacturing Sector.GlobalBusiness Review, 17(2), 411–424.
[3]. de la T., Ize, A.&Schmukler, S. L. (2012). Financial development inLatin America and the Caribbean: The road ahead.Policy Research Working Paper 2380, World Bank, Washington, DC.
[4]. Diamond, D. W. & He, Z. (2014).A theory of debt maturity: The long and short of debt overhang. Journal of Finance, 69(2), 719–762.
[5]. Eriki, P. O. &Osagie, O. (2017).Effect of debt - equity mix on financial performance of downstream oil and gas firms in Nigeria.Journal of Economics & Finance, 1(1), 79-81

Abstract: Background: The younger generation is given a great opportunity by the Indonesian capital market to be able to plunge into the world of investment. The Indonesian Central Securities Custodian (KSEI) explained that the total number of investors or single investor identification (SID) in the capital market until the end of March 2021 amounted to 4,848,954 people. This number increased from2020 and is dominated by investors from among the young. Investors in Indonesia are increasingly famous among the Indonesian population, as evidenced by the emergence of securities companies and corner exchanges in high-rise companies that support students to invest. Investors.....

Key words: Herding; Experience; Investment decision making; Experiment

[1]. Ramdhani FN. Analysis of the influence of representativeness bias and herding behavior in investment decision making. Published
online 2018.
[2]. Muchnik L, Aral S, Taylor SJ. Social Influence Bias: A Randomized Experiment.Science (80- ) .2013;341(6146):647-651.
doi:10.1126/science.1240466
[3]. David S. Scharfstein and Jeremy C. Stein. Herd Behavior and Investment: Comment.Am Econ Rev. 2000;90(3):695-704.
doi:10.1257/aer.90.3.695
[4]. Safithri AL, Siregar B. Herding on Capital Structure Decisions.JurnalAkuntansiManajemen. 2010;21(1):31-43.
[5]. Arisanti I, Asri M. Herding Behavior Post Initial Public Offering In Indonesia Stock Exchange. J Account Invest.
2018;19(2). doi:10.18196/jai.190298

Abstract: This study aims to determine the reaction of the Indonesia capital market to the announcement of government policies by looking at the average abnormal return and the difference in the average abnormal return before the event and at the time after the event. This study uses companies listed on LQ45 for the 2020-2021. The data were analyzed with a mean adjusted model approach is used to find abnormal returns, subsequent test results of data analysis using one sample t-test and paired sample t-test. The result of the study that were differences in abnormal returns before and after the event and there were abnormal returns around the announcement of government policy events. In the event period, abnormal returns often occur before the event is announced and there is no certain pattern. The researcher argues that this is because investors' reactions to an event can be influenced by the psychology of investors at the time

Keywords: market reaction, abnormal return

[1]. Affandi, Untung, and Siddharta Utama. 1998. usahawan "Uji Efisiensi Bentuk Setengah Kuat Pada Bursa Efek Jakarta."
[2]. Arde, M Hatta Diman, Ketut Wijaya Kesuma, Fakultas Ekonomi, and Universitas Udayana. 2017. "STUDI PERISTIWA TRAGEDI SARINAH TERHADAP PASAR MODAL INDONESIA Pasar Modal Menjadi Tempat Dan Sarana Pertemuan Antara Penjual Dan Pembeli Yang Melakukan Transaksi Efek . Salah Satu Efek Yang Ditransaksikan Di Pasar Modal Yaitu Saham . Saham Dikatakan Seba." 6(6): 3080–3110.
[3]. Dewi, I G A Ayu Pradnyani, Dewa Gede Wirama, and Maria M Ratna Sari. 2018. "Reaksi Pasar Modal Atas Kebijakan Tax Amnesty." Jurnal Buletin Studi Ekonomi 23(2): 61–76.
[4]. Fama, Eugene F. 1970. "American Finance Association Efficient Capital Markets : A Review of Theory and Empirical Work Author ( s ): Eugene F . Fama Source : The Journal of Finance , Vol . 25 , No . 2 , Papers and Proceedings of the Twenty- Eighth Annual Meeting of the American." The Journal of Finance 25(2): 383–417.
[5]. Jogiyanto, H.M. (2003). Teori Portofolio dan Analisis Investasi. Edisi Ketiga. BPFE. Yogyakarta.