iosr-JDMS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2014

Abstract: Intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly is one of the commonest fractures with high risk of morbidity and mortality. There are a number of options for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures but our interest is on unstable intertrochanteric fractures which are much more challenging for the surgeon. conventional osteosynthetic methods to deal with these fractures are associated with numerous pitfalls 1,2. The aim of our study is to evaluate the results following cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty as an alternative to the standard osteosynthetic procedures such as DHS or PFN. Since, 2012, 20 elderly patients with comminuted and unstable intertrochanteric fractures underwent cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty. These patients were evaluated using the Harris hip scoring system. 19 out of 20 had excellent to fair outcomes. So, bipolar hemiarthroplasty appears to be a viable solution to address the problems involved in osteosynthetic procedures for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.

Keywords: Unstable intertrochanteric fractures, bipolar hemiarthroplasty, Harris hip scores, osteosynthetic procedures.

[1]. Haidukewych GJ, Israel TA, Berry DJ. Reverse obliquity fractures of the intertrochanteric region of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001; 83(5):643- 50.
[2]. Kang SY, Lee EW, Kang KS, et al. Mode of fixation failures of dynamic hip screw with TSP in the treatment of unstable proximal femur fracture: biomechanical analysis and a report of 3 cases. J Korean Orthop Assoc. 2006; 41(1):176- 80.
[3]. Kyle RF, Cabanela ME, Russell TA, Swiontkowski MF, Winquist RA, Zuckerman JD, et al. Fractures of the proximal part of the femur. Instr Course Lect. 1995; 44:227-53.
[4]. Haidukewych GJ, Israel TA, Berry DJ. Reverse obliquity fractures of the intertrochanteric region of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001; 83:643-50.)
[5]. Baumgaertner MR, Levy RN. Intertrochanteric hip fracture. In: Browner BD, Levine AM, Jupiter JB, editors. Skeletal Trauma. Vol 2. Philadelphia: W B Saunders; 1992; 1833-81.
[6]. Tronzo RG. The use of an endoprosthesis for severly comminuted trochanteric fractures. Orthop Clin North Am. 1974; 5:679-81.
[7]. Stern MB, Goldstein TB. The use of the Leinbach prosthesis in intertrochanteric fractures of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1977; 128:325-31.

Abstract: Distal radius fractures are associated with a lot of morbidity when anatomical reduction and stable fixation are not achieved. The precise relationship between the distal ends of the radius and ulna plays a vital role in all the movements of the wrist and also effects grip strength. As such for a given case, surgeons are often in a dilemma as to which method of fixation would be optimal. Internal fixation with distal radius plates requires careful dissection involving important blood vessels, nerves and tendons. There is limited literature to definitively conclude whether the risks involved in internal fixation are worth the benefits obtained. The main aim of our study is to find out whether one of these methods is clearly better than the other in terms of functional outcomes as assessed by DASH scoring system. Two cohorts of 20 patients each were involved in this study, one cohort being treated with internal fixation with volar plating and the other with a spanning external fixator. Their functional outcome after 1year was statistically compared.

Key Words: distal radius, intra articaular fracture, volar plating, external fixator, DASH scoring system.

[1]. Cooney WP, Linscheid RL, Dobyns JH. External pin fixation for unstable Colles' fractures. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1979;61:840–845.

[2]. Dienst M, Wozasek GE, Seligson D. Dynamic external fixation for distal radius fractures. Clin Orthop.1997;338:160–171.

[3]. Edwards GE. Intraarticular fractures of the distal part of the radius treated with the small AO external fixator. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 1991;73:1241–1250.

[4]. Gelberman RH, Szabo RM, Mortensen WW. Carpal tunnel pressures and wrist position in patients with Colles' fractures. J Trauma. 1984;24:747–749.
[5]. Martineau PA, Berry GK, Harvey EJ. Plating for distal radius fractures. Orthop Clin North Am.2007;38:193-201
[6]. Konrath GA, Bahler S. Open reduction and internal fixation of unstable distal radius fractures: results using the TriMed fixation system. J Orthop Trauma. 2002;16:578-85.

[7]. Kamath AF, Zurakowski D, Day CS. Low-profile dorsal plating for dorsally angulated distal radius fractures: an outcomes study. J Hand Surg [Am]. 2006;31:1061-7.

Abstract: Maxillofacial prosthodontics focuses on optimizing the rudimentary functions of speech and swallowing1.These functions are disrupted because of congenital, organic, traumatic or surgical abnormalities involving the oral cavity and related anatomical structures1.It is a prosthodontic challenge to rehabilitate a patient with soft palate defect.Palatopharyngeal dysfunction may take place when palatopharyngeal valve is unable to perform its own closing due to lack of tissues or lack of proper movement. This article gives a review on speech, palatopharyngeal function and various ways of assessment of speech in velopharyngeal functions.

Key Words: Speech, palatopharyngeal dysfunction.

[1]. Rhonda F.Jacob,Ting-Ling Chang.Maxillofacial prosthodontics for edentulous patients .In Text Book of Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients, 13th edition.Elsevier;2013.p.351-352
[2]. Dr.Hardik K Ram,Dr.Rupal J Shah:A novel approach for velopharyngeal prosthetic rehabilitation:caseseries,International journal of healthcare & biomedical research,2013; 1:70-76
[3]. IngeEllyKiemleTrindade; Katia Flores Genaro; RenataPaciello Yamashita; HalineCoracine Miguel; Ana Paula Fukushiro.A proposal for velopharyngeal function rating in a speech perceptual assessment [online].2005May/August. Available from:URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-56872005000200015
[4]. Paul S et al,Journal of orofacial orthopaedics,2005(4).Available from:
URL :http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00405-012-2006-7/lookinside/000.png
[5]. Seymour Birnach,Physiologic recording of soft palate for fabrication of obturator speech prosthesis,Journal of prosthetic dentistry,1978; 39:5

Abstract:Pyogenic granuloma is a fast growing reactive proliferation of endothelial cells commonly on the gingiva as a response to chronic irritation. It is a polypoid form of capillary hemangioma on the skin & mucosal surface, usually presenting as a single nodule or sessile papules, with smooth or lobulated surface of any size from a few millimetres to several centimetres. Pyogenic granuloma of the oral cavity is known to involve the gingiva commonly. Rarely, it could also occur extragingivally. Presenting a case of pyogenic granuloma on the palate of a 22 year old female patient caused due to a fish bone injury.

Keywords: benign neoplasm, hyperplastic lesion, pyogenic granuloma

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[4]. Verma PK, Srivastava R, Baranwal HC, Chaturvedi TP, Gautam A, Singh A. "Pyogenic Granuloma - Hyperplastic Lesion of the Gingiva: Case Reports". The Open Dentistry Journal, 2012,6:153-156.
[5]. Hamid jafarzadeh, majid sanatkhani, nooshin mohtasham. Oral pyogenic granuloma: a review. Journal of oral science. 2006;48(4):165-175.

Abstract: Polyps arising from sphenoid sinus and extending into the nasopharynx are extremely rare and may be called as sphenochoanal polyp.A 19-years-old female presented to our OPD with complaints of, on and off cold since childhood, on and off right nasal cavity obstruction On anterior rhinoscopic examination bilaterally polypoidal tissues were seen posteriorly in the nasopharynx. On posterior rhinoscopy bilobed polyp was seen over posterior choana. Axial and coronal computed scans (CT) of the nose and paranasal sinuses demonstrated well defined non enhancing polypoidal lesion involving right sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses and inferiorly extending up to nasopharynx with bilateral concha bullosa. Bilateral Concha Bullectomy with right sided Sphenoid Sinusotomy with removal of polyp was done. Patient came in OPD for monthly follow ups for one year post operatively with improvement in her symptoms. On every occasion diagnostic nasal endoscopy was done, no polyp was seen.

Keywords: Concha bullectomy, Concha bullosa, Polyps, Sphenochoanal polyp, Sphenoid sinusotomy.

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Abstract: Background: Micronutrients are essential for adequate physical and intellectual growth of children, however little information is available on micronutrient status of school children in Visakhapatnam. The present study was designed to know the nutritional status and micronutrient deficiencies among primary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 children from two Government schools. Children studying from 1st to 5th standard who were present in the school at the time of study were included. Information was obtained using a pre-tested questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of under nutrition was found to be 60%, of which 36.8% were moderate to severely under-nourished. Most of the children belong to lower middle (46.7%) and upper lower (51.6%) income groups. About 60% of the parents of the children were illiterates. Vitamin A deficiency (bitot's spots) was seen in 19.49% of children. Nutritional anemia (palmar pallor) was found in 17.4%.

Key Words: Anaemia, Micronutrient Deficiency, Nutritional Status, Preschool children, Vitamin A deficiency..

[1]. Lesley Drake, Celia Maier, Mathew Jakes and AnthiPatrikios, School Age children: Their nutrition and Health.
[2]. Mwamiki E W, Makokha A N, Nutritional status and associated factors among children in public primary schools in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya. J of African health sciences, Vol 13, Issue 1, March 2013.
[3]. Aditya S Berad, Chandra Sekhar Reddy B, Ravi Kumar B P, VenuBolisetty , Study of personal hygiene, Nutritional and morbidity profile of school children in rural area of Khammam District, Andhra Pradesh. Journal of Evaluation of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2013, 12(34); 6402-6405.
[4]. BennetAmaru, BeyeneMoges, BereketFantahun, KatemaTafers, DesalemWoldeyohannes, GizachewYismaw, TilahunAyaneTumiokiYubutan, Andra Chew Mulu, Fusao Ota, AfeworkKassu. Micronutrient levels and nutritional status of school children living in Northwest Ethiopia. Nutritional Journal 2012, 11:108
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Abstract: Traumatic ulcerative granulomas are self limiting reactive lesions mimicking malignancy clinically and grossly, causing apprehension in the patient. The etiopathogenesis of these lesions is still uncertain though trauma is said to play a fundamental role often. CD 30 positivity of the large atypical cells seen in these lesions places them in the spectrum of CD 30 positive reactive lymphoprolifeative disorders .

Keywords: Ulcer, Oral mucosa, traumatic eosinophlic granuloma , CD 30 positive lymphoproliferative disorders.

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[2]. Bashar H.Abdulah – Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal esoinophilia (a clinicaopathological study of 18 cases).J.Bagh College of dentistry-vol 23(4),2011.
[3]. Alobeid B, Pan LX, Milligan L, Budel L, Frizzera G. Eosinophilrich CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder of the oral mucosa. A form of "traumatic eosinophilic granuloma". Am J Clin Pathol. 2004; 121(1): 43 – 50.
[4]. FelipeP.Fonseca, RicardoD Coletta, Oslei P Almedia Clinicopathologivcal and immunohistochemical analysis of 19 cases of oral Eosinophilic ulcers. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Vol 115,No-4 April 2013.
[5]. Satish S Chavan, Purushotham Reddy –Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia of tongue. South Asian journal of cnacer 2013Jul-Sep;2(3):144.
[6]. Sunira Chandra, Srinivasa Raju, Kunal Sah, , Prachi Anand -Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia. Archives of Iranian Medicine, Volume 17, Number 1, January 2014, 91-94

Abstract: Background: Healthy Habits Are Important For Medical Students As They Are Future Physicians And Who Ignore Healthy Life Style Habits, Mostly Fail To Educate And Establish Health Promotion For Their Patients. Hence, This Study Is Under Taken To Know About Knowledge And Practice Of Healthy Life Style Habits among Medical Students Objectives: 1To Study the Pattern of Practice Of Dietary Habits, Sleeping Habits, Physical Activity And Stress Management.

[1]. HAMZA.M.ABDUL GHANI, NORAH.A .ALROWIAS, BORAH.S.BINSAAD ; Sleep disorder among medical students; Relationship to their academic performance. Med Teach.2012;34 suppl 1;s3741.
[2]. GULENDAM KARADAG, HATICE SCRAP KOCAK,NERIMAN AYDIN,SERAP PARLOR,SEVAL KUL; Determination of Nutritional habits and healthy life style behaviors of workers. International journal of caring sciences sepdec 2013;vol 6 issue 3 ;485493.
[3]. D.TROYER, I.H.ULLRICH, R.A.YEATER AND R.HOPEWELL; Physical activity and condition, dietary habits and serum lipids in 2 nd year medical students. J Am Coll Nutr,9;303307.
[4]. MARIE DAHLIN, NELS JONEBORG, BO RUNESON; Stress and depression among medical students; a cross sectional study. Med Teach. 2005 jun;39(6) 594604.
[5]. CARTER AO, ELZUBIER M, ABDUL RAZZAK YM, REVEL AD, TOWNSEND A; Health and life style needs assessment of Medical students. Med Teach.2003sep;25(5);4612.

Abstract: Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are more prone to diabetic complications and oxygen free radicals are known to contribute to the development of complications but there are conflicting reports regarding antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. Methodology: The current cross sectional study was designed to evaluate the serum antioxidant vitamins in type 2 diabetic patients and age matched control subjects in ABUTH Shika, Zaria. Also to assess their correlation with clinical parameters and biochemical analytes. A total of 281 subjects were recruited for the study. These comprised of 181 type 2 diabetic patients and 100 controls. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured using glucose oxidase method, glycatedhaemoglobin (GHbA1c) using micro column method while vitamins C and E using Moeslinger and Dahot methods respectively.

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Abstract:To evaluate the incidence of obstetric emergency cases ,its maternal and fetal outcome.  To analyse the barriers preventing access to Emoc in rural India.
Methods: This Prospective study includes 121 cases of obstetric emergency admitted and treated in critical care unit of Adichunchanagiri institute of medical sciences during the study period from August 2013- 2014.Personal interview with each patient done regarding barrier prevented her from early access to Emoc

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Abstract: Papillary carcinoma accounts for 85% of all thyroid malignancies in iodine-sufficient areas and is the predominant thyroid cancer in children and individuals exposed to external radiation. Most patients are euthyroid and present with a slow-growing painless mass in the neck. Cervical cystic mass is a rare presentation of papillary thyroid carcinoma. This cystic change can cause diagnostic problems and not infrequently, delay identification of the primary thyroid tumor. We present a rare case of cystic papillary thyroid carcinoma, which presented as asymptomatic neck mass.

Keywords: cystic degeneration, lateral cervical cyst, papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Abstract: A variety of psychiatric manifestations can be seen in children and adolescent below the age of 19 years. This study aims to examine the socio-demographic, morbidity profiles, & clinical correlates of child & adolescent patients attending the psychiatry out-patient department of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences over a 1year period. It is a retrospective case record analysis of all child & adolescent patients attending the psychiatry out-patient between Jan-Dec 2011 in RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India. Eight hundred and seventy six cases attending the Outpatient department were analyzed. Females comprise 508(58%) & males comprise 368(42%) and the mean age of the patients was (15.68±3.73 years).

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Abstract: Bacteriocarotenoids, a group of carotenes isolated from bacteria, were extracted from Rhodopseudomonaspalustris, isolated from a hot spring in Pedas, Malaysia. The extracts were refined, then anticarcinoma efficacy and antioxidative potentials of two of the inclusive bacteriocarotenoids (β-carotene and Rhodopin) were tested against three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB and Hep-G2) and a Vero cell line. MTT([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays were used along with in-vitro assays for cell proliferationmeasurement and antioxidative potentials. Results showed a reduction in proliferation of cells with low level of toxicity in the carcinoma cell lines. DPPH and FRAP tests did show antioxidant properties. Dose by time dependency analysis indicated a dosage of 25 μg/mL of refined bacteriocarotenoids virtually was as effective in 48 hours as with 12.5 μg/mL of bulk unseparated bacteriocarotenoids in 72 hours of treatment. These observations were noted in all tested carcinoma cell lines. Therefore at the dosage of 25 μg/mL of bulk-bacteriocarotenoids, results also suggested time-dependent inhibitory effects which were consistent with long but safe exposure time. Inhibitory effects were more pronounced at higher dosage, the effects were more pronounced in treatments with both isolate and bulk-bacteriocarotenoids at varied dosage.

Keywords: Anticarcinoma, Antioxidant, Bacteriocarotenoid, Phototrophic, β-carotene, Rhodopin

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Abstract: Blood transfusion is an integral part of medical practice and is required in many surgical procedures. Human blood till date has no substitute. This emphasizes the very judicious use of blood and its components and minimal or no wastage. Total 10012 (voluntary and replacement) donors were included from August 2011 to Feb. 2014 and screened for transfusion transmissible disease. A total of 10012 blood units were collected but 446 (4.46%) of whole blood bags were discarded either because of seroreactivity, expiry or low volume. One thousand and nine(8.69%) component were discarded out of the 19648 blood components prepared .The commonest cause was expiry of the components 915(54.5%) especially the platelets because of short self life and non utilization, followed by leakage /damage which constituted 428(25.5%) of the discarded components. Three hundred and thirty seven (20.0%) the components were discarded because of seropositivity for Transfusion transmissible diseases(TTI). Strict adherence to the WHO selection and deferral criteria of donors along with proper phlebotomy technique will help to reduce the number of discarding bags because of TTI and low quantity from total collected units. Proper implementation of blood transfusion policy will helps to reduce the wastage due to non utilization of components.

Key Words: Whole blood, blood components, donors, discarded

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[2]. An action plan for blood Safety. New Delhi: National AIDS Control Organization, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India, MOHFW; 2003.
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Abstract: Melatonin hormone is an endocrine product of the pineal gland , it is released following a circadian rhythm that regulates several physiological and neuroendocrine functions .Melatonin have important roles in a variety of cardiovascular pathophysiologic processes. Acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) is the major cause of mortality worldwide . In AMI, there is excess production of active oxygen species such as;superoxide anion radical ( O2• − ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) andHydroxyl radical ( OH• ) . Melatonin and it's precursors are able to reduce oxidative reactions by direct free radical scavenging and indirect antioxidant activity so it has an important role in cardioprotection ..

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