iosr-JEEE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2018

Abstract: The present energy problem may be overcome by Distributed Generation (DG) using distributed renewable energy sources. DG helps to improve the reliability of the distribution system. When DG is used as back up generation, the reliability improvement of distribution system depends on the isolation process of the faulty section as well as the staring process of the DG. This paper studies the effect of isolation process of the faulty section from the healthy section as well as effect of starting process of DG on the reliability of distribution system.
Key Words: Distributed generation, back up generation, reliability, distributed energy sources, passive network, bulk supply point, islanding operation, isolation process.

[1]. Dahiya, S., Jain, D. K. and Kumar, A.: ― Power Quality Issue of Embedded Generation ―, POWER INDIA CONFERENCE, 2006 IEEE
[2]. Jenkins, N., Allan, R., Crossley, P., Kirschen, D., Strbac, G.: ―Embedded Generation‖, Published by the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London.
[3]. Aslanzadeh, S., Jamali, S.:‖ Study of Distributed Generation Type and Islanding Impact on the operation of Radial Distribution System‖, UPEC 2007,pp. 1216-1221.
[4]. Al – Muhaini, M., Heydt, Gerald T.: ― Evaluating Future Power Distribution System Reliability Including Distributed generation ‖ IEEE Transaction On Power Delivery, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 2264-2272. October 2013
[5]. Banerjee, B., Islam, S. M.:‖Reliability Based Optimum Location of Distributed Generation‖, Electrical Power and Energy System, 33(2011), 1470 - 1478

Abstract: RCC and steel frames have been the most common frame systems for long times whereas composite frame system has also emerged as popular system for high rise buildings for few decades. Multi-storey composite frames are generally composed of structural steel members made composite with concrete. The use of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) in building construction has seen renaissance in recent years due to their numerous advantages, apart from its superior structural performance making a typical composite frame structure. Their usage as columns in high-rise and multi-story buildings, as beams in low-rise industrial buildings and as arch bridges, has become extensive in many countries in last four decades with abundant examples. But, their usage in India is a new concept. Hence, this............
Key Words: concrete filled steel tubes, CFST Columns, composite frames and confinement.

[1]. L.H. Han, W. Li, and R. Bajorhovde, Development and advances applications of concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) Structures: Members, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 100, 2014, 211-228.
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Abstract: In many of applications, a correct estimation of the fundamental component of measured signal is required, several filters are implemented for this purpose such as Kalman filter. To estimate the fundamental component using kalman filter, you need only two variables to represent it in kalman model, the effect of modeling the harmonics on the accuracy of the kalman filter of the fundamental component estimation, was investigated in this paper. Where the results show that including the harmonics in the kalman model enhance the fundamental component estimation. Since we interest in estimating the fundamental component, there will be no need to estimate the individual values of the harmonics, especially that estimating one order of harmonics increases the number of state variables by , and most of the time the order of harmonis in the input signal...........

Key Words: Fundamental component, Harmonics, Kalman Filter, Modeling.

[1]. W. Xu, "Status and future directions of power system harmonic analysis", Power Engineering Society General Meeting 2003 IEEE, vol. 2, pp. 1179-1184 Vol. 2, 2003.
[2]. Ma, Haili, and Adly A. Girgis. "Identification and tracking of harmonic sources in a power system using a Kalman filter." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 11.3 (1996): 1659-1665
[3]. Dash, P.K.; Pradhan, A.K.; Panda, G.; , "Frequency estimation of distorted power system signals using extended complex Kalman filter," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.14, no.3, pp.761-766, Jul 1990.
[4]. Zadeh, R.A.; Ghosh, A.; Ledwich, G.; , "Combination of Kalman Filter and Least-Error Square Techniques in Power System," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.25, no.4, pp.2868-2880, Oct. 2010
[5]. Beides, H.M.; Heydt, G.T.; , "Dynamic state estimation of power system harmonics using Kalman filter methodology," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.6, no.4, pp.1663-1670, Oct 1991.

Abstract: As the requirement of power increases, it is required to increase the generation on demand. Now a days, solar PV and wind are increasingly used for generation. The power collected from these energy source need to be converted using DC-DC or AC- DC converters. The main converter used is Boost converter for step up this voltage. These sources are variable by nature, so problem arises is to maintain constant required output in all conditions. Boost converter converts the input voltage into higher value of voltage as per the input is received. This issue of obtaining constant output under variable conditions can be resolved by using sliding mode control of the converter.............
Key Words: Boost Converter, slide mode controller, solar PV, Wind

[1]. S. K. Pandey, S. L. Patil And S. B. Phadke, "Comment On "Pwm-Based Adaptive Sliding-Mode Control For Boost Dc-Dc Converters"," In Ieee Transactions On Industrial Electronics, Vol. Pp, No. 99, 2017, Pp. 1-1.
[2]. A.Ghasemian And A. Taheri, "Constrained Near Time-Optimal Sliding Mode Control Of Boost Converters Based On Switched Affine Model Analysis," In Ieee Transactions On Industrial Electronics, Vol. Pp, No. 99, 2017, Pp. 1-1.
[3]. P. R. Mohanty And A. K. Panda, "Fixed-Frequency Sliding-Mode Control Scheme Based On Current Control Manifold For Improved Dynamic Performance Of Boost Pfc Converter," In Ieee Journal Of Emerging And Selected Topics In Power Electronics, Vol. 5, No. 1, March 2017, Pp. 576-586.
[4]. A.Kihel, F. Krim And A. Laib, "Mppt Voltage Oriented Loop Based On Integral Sliding Mode Control Applied To The Boost Converter," 2017 6TH International Conference On Systems And Control (Icsc), Batna, 2017, Pp. 205-209.
[5]. Martínez-Treviño, A. E. Aroudi And L. Martínez-Salamero, "Sliding-Mode Approach For Start-Up Control And Voltage Regulation Of A Boost Converter Driving A Constant Power Load," 2017 Ieee International Symposium On Circuits And Systems (Iscas), Baltimore, Md, 2017, Pp. 1-4.

Abstract: This paper presents a methodology to determine optimal location and size of DG so as to minimize real/active power loss in the distribution network. For this purpose, suitable expressions have been derived to compute the active power loss saving associated with placement of the DG units. The proposed method is applicable for sizing and siting of single DG unit at a time. Moreover, the proposed method requires only the results of base case load flow to determine the optimal size of DG unit. The proposed method is tested on 33-bus and 69-bus radial distribution test systems. The comparison of results obtained by the proposed method with those of reported methods validate the suitability and importance of proposed method in determining the optimal size and site of DG unit..
Key Words: Power Distribution Network, Distributed Generation (DG), Optimal Siting-Sizing, Power Loss Saving.

[1] F.S. Abu-Mouti, M.E. El-Hawary, Optimal distributed generation allocation and sizing in distribution systems using artificial bee colony algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 26(4), 2011, 2090-2101.
[2] N. Acharya, P. Mahat, and N. Mithulananthan, An analytical approach for DG allocation in primary distribution network, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 28(10), 2006, 669-678.
[3] M.R. Al-Rashidi, M.F. Al-Hajri, Optimal planning of multiple distributed generation sources in distribution networks: A new approach, Energy Conversion and Management, 52(11), 2011, 3301-3308.
[4] Y.M. Atwa, E.F. EI-Saadany, M.M.A. Salama, and R. Seethapathy, Optimal renewable resource mix for distribution system energy loss minimization, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 25(1), 2010, 360-370.
[5] P. Chiradeja, R. Ramkumar, An approach to quantify the technical benefits of distributed generation, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 9(4), 2004, 764-773.

Abstract: This paper presents the impact of penetration level and power factor of DG on the voltage drop in a distribution system. For this purpose, suitable expressions have been developed to estimate the squared voltage drop reduction caused by the DG. A method is also suggested to determine the optimal location and size of DG. This method requires only base case load flow solution. The proposed method is implemented under MATLAB environment and applied on a 33-bus test distribution system with two different values of DG power factor. The voltage drop reduction by proposed method is compared with that by the repeated load flow method. The comparison shows that the results by proposed method is in close agreement to that of repeated load flow method and both are following similar trends.
Key Words: Distribution System, Distributed Generation, Penetration Level, Voltage Drop

[1] Acharya N., Mahat P., and Mithulananthan N., An analytical approach for DG allocation in primary distribution network, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 28(10), 669-678, 2006.
[2] Al-Rashidi M.R., and Al-Hajri M.F.,Optimal planning of multiple distributed generation sources in distribution networks: A new approach, Energy Conversion and Management, 52(11), 3301-3308, 2011.
[3] Aman M.M., Jasmon G.B., Bakar A.H.A., and Mokhlis H., A new approach for optimum DG placement and sizing based on voltage stability maximization and minimization of power losses, Energy Conversion and Management, 70, 202-210, 2013.
[4] Atwa Y.M,, EI-Saadany E.F,, Salama M.M.A., and Seethapathy R.,Optimal renewable resource mix for distribution system energy loss minimization, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 25(1), 360-370, 2010.
[5] Chiradeja P., and Ramkumar R., An approach to quantify the technical benefits of distributed generation, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 19(4), 764-773, 2004.

Abstract: This paper presents the design of a soft-switching boost dc-dc converter. Passive soft-switching is employed due to its advantages over the active soft-switching and its ability to reduce switching losses. A Laplace transform-based analysis of the converter circuit is carried out to obtain design information. Experimental results obtained from the prototype agree closely with the predicted results and demonstrate the feasibility of the system.

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Abstract: A microcontroller based system using P89V51RD2 microcontroller for colour identification system is designed and developed. It is based on the principle that the analog voltages of the sensor converted to RGB colours. The sensor OPT 301 is an opto-electronic integrated circuit containing a photodiode and transimpedance amplifier on a single dielectrically isolated chip. This sensor provides an analog input depending upon the colour sensed by it. This analog voltage may then convert into digital form using ADC (analog to digital converter) interfaced with the microcontroller. Digital output varies depending upon the variation in the colours sensed. The P89V51RD2 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller used in the present study. Further, an LCD module is interfaced with the microcontroller in 4-bit mode, which reduces the hardware complexity. Software is developed in C using Keil's C-cross compiler. The data stored in the microcontroller along with the name of the colour. The paper deals with the hardware and software details.
Key Words: Opt 301 Sensor, ADC, LCD, P89V51RD2 microcontroller, Keil's C-cross compiler and colour identification system.

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Abstract: Matrix converter is a single-stage power conversion device for AC-AC without dc link of energy saving elements. Any disturbance in input voltage will be reflected immediately in output voltage. In this paper, different kinds of power electronic converters are introduced and then matrix converters are discussed completely comparing their position with other Alternating Current (AC) converters. Moreover, different types of switching methods in matrix converters are examined in terms of being direct or indirect and then Venturini algorithms and spatial vector modulation (SVM) are compared for use in this type of converters. The modified SVM strategy for matrix converter is presented under the abnormal, unbalanced and non-sinusoidal input voltage conditions that were calculated using.........
Key Words: Abnormal Input, Matrix Converter, Modulation Index, Modulation Strategy, Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation.

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