iosr-JEEE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2018

Abstract: A simplified generalized pulse width modulation (GPWM) algorithm is proposed to obtain various continuous and discontinuous PWM algorithms for a four level inverter topology. Induction motor both sides are fed with a three-level inverter from one side and a two-level inverter from the other side. The proposed configuration is capable to produce an output voltage of two-level, three-level and four-level in entire modulation range. Neutral clamping diodes and neutral point fluctuations are absent in the proposed inverter topology. In the proposed inverter topology the switching losses are reduced with the application of various discontinuous PWM algorithms compared with continuous PWM algorithms. Simulation analyses are carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the results are presented.
Key Words: Generalized PWM, Space Vector PWM, Multi-level Inverter, Induction motor.

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Abstract: This paper proposes a novel and efficient hybrid algorithm based on combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) techniques, called PSO-GSA. The core of this algorithm is to combine the ability of social thinking in PSO with the local search capability of GSA. Many practical constraints of generators such as ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zones, and transmission losses are considered. The new algorithm is implemented for solving the dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem so as to minimize the total generation cost when considering the linear and non linear constraints. In order to validate of the proposed algorithm, it is applied to two cases with 6-unit and 15-unit power systems for 24-hour time interval, respectively. The results show that the proposed algorithms indeed produce more optimal solution in both cases when compared results of other optimization algorithms reported in literature.
Key Words: Dynamic economic dispatch, gravitational search algorithm, particle swarm optimization, prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits.

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[3]. T. A. A. Victoire and A. E. Jeyakumar, Reserve constrained dynamic dispatch of units with valve-point effects, IEEE Transactions on power Systems, 20, 2005, 1273-1282.
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Abstract: Huge traffic in INDIA is due to improper parking system at various places like theatres, apartments, supermarkets etc. This forces the people to park their vehicle on roads. The present project work deals with the automated rotary car parking system that provides an effective solution for the above mentioned problem. This parking system can be easily constructed in a small area, just requiring a simple concrete base and is less expensive when compared to other automated parking systems. As it involves the usage of many automation products like Programmable logic controller for high efficiency in operating the entire process and Human machine Interface for both monitoring and controlling the parking setup. A unique identity for each vehicle is provided by RF card reader. Automated car parking through dedicated Mobile Apps has got a huge potential in our country as many smart city projects are coming up in our nation and a huge investment has already been lined up.
Key Words: Automation, PLC, HMI, Radio Frequency (RF) card reader, Rotary car parking system, mobile app(IoT).

[1]. Chandni Patel, Monalisa Swami, Priya Saxena, Sejal Shah,Rotary Automated Car Parking System,International Journal of Engineering Science and innovative Technology(IJESIT),Vol. 4, Issue 2,March 2015.
[2]. Petruzella, Frank D. (2010)- "Programmable logic Controllers‟- Tata McGraw Hill Education.
[3]. Daniel Kandray,Programmable Automation Technologies, Industrial Press, 2010 ISBN 978 - 0- 83113346- 7, Chapter 8 Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers.
[4]. Harpreet Singh Saini,R D Daruwala,Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), International Conference, 10.1109/ICCUBEA .2016.7860151.
[5]. V.Ravi,R.Aparna,Security in RFID based Smart retail system Computing for sustainable global development,ISBN 978-9-3805 -4421-2,31 Oct 2016.

Abstract: Due to the high non-linearity and coupling of a system model in an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV, the control of the heading has been a challenging task especially under windy and turbulent conditions. In this paper an online adaptive method using reinforcement learning is proposed to counter the effects of wind disturbances. The heading controller is designed in Matlab/Simulink for controlling a UAV in an X-Plane test platform. Through the X-Plane test platform, the performance of the designed controller is shown using real time simulations under different cross wind conditions. The performance of the proposed method is compared to that of a well tuned PID controller. The results show that the proposed method performs better in tracking a given heading angle under windy conditions.
Key Words: UAV, Heading, Reinforcement Learning, Matlab, X-Plane

[1]. Mansoor et. al, "Heading control of a Fixed wing UAV using Alternate control surfaces," IEEE, vol. 2, December 2012.
[2]. S. Kimathi, S. Kang'ethe, and P. Kihato, "UAV heading controller using Reinforcement learning," in Pan African Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications, PACT, Nairobi, 2017.
[3]. Z. Qing and G. Zhiqiang, "On Practical application of Active Disturbance Rejection Control," in Proceedings of the 29th Chinese Control Conference, Beijing, 2010.
[4]. H. Ferreira et.al, "Disturbance Rejection in a Fixed WIng UAV using nonlinear H-Infinty stste feedback," in 9th International Conference on Control and Automation, Santiago, USA, 2011.
[5]. V.Nagababu, and M. Prabhudas, "A Fuzzy logic strategy on attitude controlling of Longitudinal autopilot for better disturbance rejection," International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, vol. Vol. 2, no. Issue 12, December 2013

Abstract: Photovoltaic power system converts solar irradiance directly into electricity. It can be used as electrical power source for home to meet daily energy requirement. Individuals and small scale firms rarely invest in this power system due to their inability to determine the actual battery banking specification and cost. Acquiring photovoltaic power system, involves selecting, developing, and determining specifications of different components used in the system that comform to the desired load. Accomplishment of this specifications depend on a variety of factors such as geographical location, weather condition, solar irradiance, and load consumption. This work outlines in detail the procedure for specifying each component of the battery banking for photovoltaic power system, that.........
Key Words: Inductive load, Photovoltaic power, Resistive load, Semiconductor, Solar irradiance

[1]. Abhik C.S, (2015). "Solar Photovoltaic: Fundamentals, Technology and Application", PHI learning Pvt.
[2]. Abraham B.S, (2007). "Derivation of the Solar Geometric Relationships using Vector Analysis", Vol 8, pp 187-194.
[3]. Dincer S.O, (2011). "Renewable Energy Technology", Pergamon Press Plc, London.
[4]. Dunlop J.P, (1997). "Batteries and Charge Control in Standalone Photovoltaic Systems", 5rd Edition ,Willey, New York.
[5]. Markvart T.G, Castaner L.H, (2003). "Practical Handbook of Photovoltaic: Fundamentals and Application", Elsevier Advanced Technology, Oxford.

Abstract: In the present study was assessed the technical and economic feasibility to change in high voltage aerial transmission lines conventional ACSR conductors by High Temperature and Low Sag (HTLS) conductors of similar diameter and weight with the aim to increase the transmission capacity of these lines without the need to change the towers made of galvanized steel. It could be shown comparing the energy losses and the respective investment cost of 4 different types of HTLS conductors, that the GTACSR type conductors offer the highest economic advantage under the considered scenario.
Key Words: High Temperature and Low Sag conductor – ACSR - Grosbeak conductor – repowering.

[1] Ande, Especificaciones Técnicas Nº 03.02.01.45: Suministro De Conductor De Aluminio Con Alma De Acero Acsr, Licitación Pública Internacional Lpi Nº162, 2006.
[2] Ande, Especificaciones Técnicas Nº 03.06.02.11: Conjunto De Aisladores Y Herrajes Para Conductor Y Cable De Guardia, Suministro De Conductor De Aluminio Con Alma De Acero Acsr, 2009.
[3] Ande, Especificaciones Técnicas: Suministro De Conductores De Alta Temperatura Y Baja Flecha, Htls. Licitación Pública Internacional Lpi Nº 613, 2010.
[4] Ande, Especificaciones Técnicas Nº 04.01.11: Cambio De Conductor Con Bypass, Licitación Pública Internacional Ande Lpi Nº 606, 2011.
[5] Ande, Plan Maestro De La Administración Nacional De Electricidad (2013-2023), 2013

Abstract: The incessant power failure in the Faculty of Engineering main building, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, has made the faculty and departmental offices to resort to private generators that cause air and noise pollution in an academic environment.The building, currently being occupied by the Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Management Sciences, located on Latitude 4.50N and longitude 7.00E.This research work will proffer solution to the high running cost and its maintenance on diesel generator, it will also tackle problems caused as a result of air pollution in the Faculty.in this work a performance study of number of PV panels/arrays, battery and its analysis will be considered. The data were simulated for Solar PV system using PVSYST V5.55 Software.Inconclusion, the use of PV generator will no doubt enhance performance of the academic conditions or environment..........
Key Words: Cost analysis, battery sizing, Load, Solar PV sizing, PVSYST software.

[1]. Oladeji, J. T. (2014). Renewable Energy as a Sure Solution to Nigeria's Perennial Energy Problems- an Overview. 6(4):45-50. [Available] onlinehttp://www.sciencepub.net/researcher.
[2]. Oyedepo, S.O. (2012). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews On energy for sustainable development in Nigeria. Article. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012) 2583–2598. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.010. Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect. [Avialeble] online: https//www.elsevier.com/locate/rser
[3]. Nada, Kh. M. A. (2014) Renewable Energy Types. Journal of Clean Energy, 2(1), 61-64.

[4]. [Oladosu, G.A. & Adegbuluge, A.O. (1994). Nigeria's Energy Sector: Issues and Supply/Demand Frontiers. Energy Policy, 22(6), 538-549.
[5]. Ramli, M.A.M., Hiendro, A. & Al-Turki, Y. A. (2016). Techno-Economic Energy Analysis of Wind/Solar Hybrid System: Case Study for Western Coastal Area of Saudi Arabia. Article in Renewable Energy. 91(2016), 374-385. Retrieved on 22 April, 2016 from https//www.elsevier.com/lo cate/renene

Abstract: Power quality is the most common factor which is looked by both power consumers and power suppliers. The power industry has to supply power to the consumers at rated magnitude and frequency and also uninterrupted. But due to the use of various nonlinear loads by domestic as well as industrial consumers this has become a very difficult task. To reduce the power quality problems many Custom Power Device's (CPD) are used. The voltage quality can be improved using Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) whereas current quality can be improved using Hybrid Active Power Filter(HAPF). In this paper two control methods are discussed and the results are compared for both the methods. DVR, HAPF and the control methods are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Key Words: Custom Power Devices (CPD), Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), MATLAB, Hybrid Active Power Filter (HAPF), Power Quality, SIMULINK.

[1]. Dr A. Jaya Laxmi, Dr. K. Uma Rao, Dr. M. Sushama, N.Tejasri Devi 2010, Hardware implementation of single phase Dynamic Voltage Restorer, 16th National Power Systems Conference, 15th-17th December, 2010.
[2]. Sujin P. R, T. Ruban Deva Prakash and L. Padma Suresh, 2012 ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN 1819-6608, VOL. 7, NO. 7, July 2012.
[3]. K.Sandhya, Dr. A.Jaya Laxmi, Dr. M.P.Soni, 2012, Design of PI and FUZZY controllers for Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), 2012 AASRI conference on power and energy, AASRI Procedia 2(2012) 149-155.
[4]. R. Omar, N.A. Rahim and A. Ahmad, 2011, Voltage Swells Improvement in Low Voltage Network Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer, American Journal of Applied Sciences 8 (1): 55-62, 2011 ISSN 1546-9239.
[5]. A. Jaya Laxmi, G. Tulasi Ram Das and K. Uma Rao, 2007, Role of Pi and Fuzzy Controllers In Unified Power Quality Conditioner, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN 1819-6608, VOL. 2, NO. 2, APRIL 2007