iosr-JRME   Volume-6 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2016

Abstract: Topics speech controlling in the classroom interaction discourse is teachers' strategy and authority. The mechanism of speech topics controlling in the classroom is different from the everyday discourse interactions in general. It is mostly done by the teachers because theydetermine the strategies and methods used in deliveringthe material and also as facilitator. However, teachers always try to engage the students in this activity which resulting thevariety of learning activities. Speech topicscontrolling in the teacher student interaction during learning activities divided in three parts.............

Keywords: Speech topicscontrolling, discourse interaction, classroom interaction

[1] Allen, D.E. dan Guy, R.F. 1978. Conversational Analysis: The Sociology of Talk. Paris: Mouton & Co. N.V. Publishers.
[2] Bogdan, Robert & Biklen Sari Knop. 1992. Qualitative Researc Education. London : Allyn and Bacon.
[3] Brown, H. D. 1987. Principles of Language Learning and Teching. New Jersey: Gardner, Hilary & Forester,M. 2010. Analysis Interaction In Childhood. Wiley-Blackwell: London .
[4] M. B. Miles, and A.M. Huberman. 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis. (Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
[5] Mart, Cgri, T. 2013. A Passionate Teacher.Teacher Commitment and Dedication to Student Learning. Internasional Journal of Academic Research in Progresive Education and Development, l2 (1).

Abstract: Due to the high tendency of students falling victims of children's trafficking, this study was designed to determine the effect of assertive counselling programme (ACP) on children's vulnerability to trafficking in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study used a pretest-posttest randomized control group design. The sample of the study comprised of 156 junior secondary school two (JSSII) students from 6 secondary schools in Uyo Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Instrument used for data collection was Children's Vulnerability to Trafficking Questionnaire (CVTQ) developed by the researchers...............

Keywords: Assertive counselling programme, children, vulnerability to trafficking.

[1] Bales, K. (2005). Understanding Global Slavery: A Reader. Berkeley: University of California Press.
[2] Estes, R.J. and Weiner, N.A. (2001). Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in the U.S., Canada and Mexico. University of Pennsylvania, available at http:www.sp2.upernn.edu/-restes/csec files/execsum020220.pdf.
[3] Gbadamosi, O. (2006). International perspective and Nigerian Laws on Human Trafficking. All Nations Press Benson, Idahosa University, Benin.
[4] Hennessy, K. (2004). The Effect of assertiveness and self-esteem increase in adolescent student. Unpublished M.ED thesis. Niger State University Gintu.
[5] ILO (2002). Mapping the inhuman trade preliminary findings of the data base on trafficking in human beings forum on crime and society. Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Abstract: Performance of secondary school pupils accelerated in a declining manner since 1984 to date. Although much has been done to improve conditions of the teacher since the teachers are at the helm of students learning, students' performance has continued to decline. Despite training obtained from teachers colleges, what is contributing to their effectiveness has not been well researched. Affective organisational commitment of secondary school teachers in Zimbabwe still remain an inadequately researched area. Whereas teachers could be motivated by employers, the gendered outcomes of their commitment to the organisation especially on their affective commitment has not been adequately investigated.............

[1]. Boulmetis, J., & Dutwin, P. (2005). The ABCs of evaluation: Timeless techniques for program and project managers (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
[2]. Chughtai, A. A. and Zafar S. (2006)Antecedents and Consequences of Organizational Commitment Among Pakistani University Teachers Applied H.
[3]. Hawkins,W,D.(1998)."Predictors of Affective Organizational Commitment Among High SchoolPrincipals"Virginia, Blacksburg.
[4]. Khalali, A. and Asmawi, A. (2012) Appraising the Impact of Gender Differences on Organizational Commitment: Empirical Evidence from a Private SME in Iran. Faculty of Management, Multimedia University Jalan Multimedia63100 Cyberjaaya, Selangor, Malaysia
[5]. Kushman, J.L.(1992) Organisational dynamics of teachers'workplace; A study of Urban elementary and middle schools. Educational Administration Quarterly, 28, 1, 5-42.

Abstract: Context: Effective feedback has long been recognized as one of the main catalysts for effective learning.1Feedback is an interactive process which aims to provide learners with insight into their performance. When giving feedback information should include opinion and judgement about current performance and explore options for improvedpractice.2-3 Aims: .1To take the students feedback about the teaching skills of the teacher .2. to study the improvement in skills after incorporating the teaching techniques of the medical education .Settings and Design: This is an interventional study design. this study is conducted in the dept of community medicine at smt...............

Keywords: Students, feedback , teaching –learning method

[1]. FICCI Higher Education Summit 2013 Higher Education in India: Vision 2030
[2]. Thorndike EL. Education. New York: MacMillan 1912.
[3]. Eraut M. Feedback. Learning in Health and Social Care; 2006; 5(3), 111–118.
[4]. Wiggins GP. Assessing Student. Performance Exploring the Purpose and Limits of

Abstract: Countries with rapid population growth face enormous difficulties for the education of their people. This is the case of most African countries. Those aged between 2 and 24 years representthere nearly half. Therefore, these countries face a high demand for education and training. They spend a large share of their resources to cover the needs of education sector. Nevertheless, difficulties remain and young people are struggling to access higher education particularly.............

Keywords: Optimization, educational expenses, teaching, effectiveness, efficiency.

[1]. BOTTI :, 1967. Recherches sur le coût de l'enseignement primaire en Afrique noire. IEDES, T.1
[2]. Colclough, Christopher ; Lewin Keith M. 1993. Educating all the children : Strategies for PrimarySchoolingin the South,
ClarendonPress, Oxford
[3]. Crahay Marcel 1994. Évaluation et analyse des établissements de formation. Problématique et méthodologie. De BoecckUniversité,
Belgique
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del'éducation. Unesco, Paris,

Abstract: This paper focuses on the research methodology commonly employed in accounting research. It is noted here that the process (methodology) of doing research is easily delineated when the philosophical assumptions underpinning such research are clearly identified. In this context, the Burrell and Morgan Model that identified four distinct but related assumptions about the nature of social science and society is adopted. These assumptions include ontological, epistemological, human nature, and methodological assumptions; these assumptions are discussed as they relate to accounting research. Similarly, the paper discusses the research paradigms proposed by the Burrell and Morgan, the criticisms of the, the Chua framework and the paradigms of accounting research.

Keywords: Research, Methodology, Accounting

[1] Ryan, B., Scapens, R. and Theobald, M. 2002. Research method and methodology in finance and accounting. 2nd ed. Thomson.
[2] Burrell, G. and Morgan, G. 1979. Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis: Elements of the sociology of corporate life. London: Heinemann.
[3] Blaikie, N.2007. Approaches to social enquiry: Advancing knowledge. Cambridge: Polity.
[4] Deetz, S. 1996. Describing Differences in Approaches to Organization Science: Rethinking Burrell and Morgan and Their Legacy. Organization Science. 7(2): pp.191-207.
[5] Willmott, H. 1993. Breaking the Paradigm Mentality. Organization Studies. 14(5): pp.681-719.

Abstract: Understanding volunteer motivation has been recognized by researchers and administrators as a valuable component of program development. Thus, it is important to explore the motivational needs that contribute to Virginia adult 4-H volunteerism. This quantitative research study was designed to fill a gap in the current volunteer literature regarding our understanding of the motivational needs of Virginia adult 4-H volunteers. Data were collected from 296 Virginia 4-H volunteers via a 20-item questionnaire utilizing McClelland's Trichotomy of Needs Theory..............

Keywords: 4-H, Motivation, Volunteerism

[1] Virginia Cooperative Extension. (2008). Virginia 4-H ES237 enrollment report. Blacksburg: Virginia Cooperative Extension.
[2] McCurley, S., & Lynch, R. (1996). Volunteer management: Mobilizing all the resources of the community. Downers Grove, IL: Heritage Arts.
[3] McClelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. New York: D. Van Nostrand.
[4] Henderson, K. A. (1981). Motivating the adult 4-H volunteer. Journal of Extension, 19(1), 19-27.
[5] Culp, K., III. (1997). Motivating and retaining adult volunteer 4-H leaders. Journal of Agricultural Education, 38(2), 1-7.

Abstract: Critical thinking at the present time is a fundamental objective that must be pursued to be achieved, so as to help students deal with issues and situations they face and develop their abilities to explore and solve problems. The present research is concerning with critical thinking strategy in the teaching of art education, and try to develop theteacher'scapacity experiences in the plastic art education at the level of primary school in particular in public educationas intermediate stage

Keywords: critical thinking.Art education.Teacher's capacity

[1]. Scriven, M. & Paul, R. (1996). Defining critical thinking: A draft statement for the National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking. [On-line]. Available HTTP: http://www.criticalthinking.org/University/univlibrary/library.nclk.

[2]. Carr, K. S. (1990). How can we teach critical thinking. Eric Digest. http://ericps.ed.uiuc.edu/eece/pubs/digests/1990/carr90.htm.

[3]. Robertson, J. F. & Rane-Szostak, D. (1996). Using dialogues to develop critical thinking skills: A practical approach. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 39(7), 552-556.

[4]. Oliver, H. & Utermohlen, R. (1995). An innovative teaching strategy: Using critical thinking to give students a guide to the future. (Eric Document Reproduction Services No. 389 702).

[5]. Angelo. A. (1995). Beginning the dialogue: Thoughts on promoting critical thinking: Classroom assessment for critical thinking. Teaching of Psychology, 22(1), 6-7

Abstract: The focus of this study was to examine the effects of field-based experiences on students' understanding of ecological concepts and biology achievement. The study employed the quasi-experimental (pre-test and post-test) and control group design. The reason for the adoption of this design is hinged on the fact that intact students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups respectively. The major findings of this study included: students' understanding of ecological concepts was below standard (mean= 38.14, t= -12.38, p<0.001); students' understanding of ecological concepts with field-based was higher at end line test when compared to baseline measurement (t= -9.41, p<0.001);..............

Keywords: Field-based, Ecology, Quasi-experimental, Misconceptions, Biology. Environment

[1]. National policy on Education (NPE) (2004), NERDC Press (4) 6 – 10.
[2]. Kristina Z and Pavol .P.(2006) Education in the field Influences Children`s ideas and Interest toward Science. Journal of Science Education and Technology, Vol. 15,No3.
[3]. National Research Council. (2007). Taking science to school. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
[4]. Smith, W (1994). From a Learning Point of view: Designing and facilitative
[5]. Ajaja O. P. (2010). Effects of Field Studies on Learning Outcome in Biology. J Hum Ecol, 31(3): 171-177.

Abstract: Bridging the gap between practical application of technology in industries and the theory learned in class room is challenging especially when preparing students for the rigor of working in industries. Various methods of teaching applied science students has been devised such as software-based simulation to provide a teaching aid, but most of them failed to deliver a realistic practical understanding that would immediately transform theory into practice in class our rooms..............

Keywords: Universal Modelling language(UML);Process instrumentation;Parallel Port; Printed Circuit Board; Decoding and Encoding addressing unit.

[1]. Afemikhe, O.A., Imobekhai, S.Y., and Ogbuanya, T.C. Assessment of Valid Science Practical Skills for Nigerian Secondary Schools: Teachers' Practices and Mutilating factor. Retrieved from http://www.iaea.info/documents/paper_3fc72cc21.pdf .
[2]. Almendros-Jimenez, J.M. & Iribarne, L. (2007). Describing Use-case relationship with sequence diagram. The computer Journal, 50(1), 117-128
[3]. Al-Naumani, Y., H., & Rossiter, J.A. (2015). Distributed MPC for Upstream Oil and Gas fields- a practical view. 9th International symposium on Advanced Control of chemical processes, The International Federation of Automatic control, June 7-10, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada.
[4]. Al-Shamailh, A. (2015). An experimental Comparison of ER and UML class diagrams. International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, 8(2) 279-288.
[5]. Ango, M.L. (2002). Mastery of Science Process and their effective use in the teaching of Science: An Educology of science education in Nigerian Context. International Journal of Educology,16(1), 11-30.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of daily tests for colloid chemistry subject that has been made by a chemistry teacher at SMAN 7 Malang, the eleventh grade students still have unsatisfactory learning achievement. Another problem faced by the chemistry teacher is the student's skills in using the tools of simple laboratory practices that are still heterogeneous. To solve these problems, the researcher need a proper approach to learning so that students are interested and excited to learn. The learning approach uses free experimental methods using microscale give the students chance to try, do, follow the process, observe an object, analyze, demonstrate, and draw conclusion by themselves according to the indicators requested in process skills..............

Keywords: Scientific Processing Skill, Free experiment using microscale Method, Colloid

[1]. Mc Taggart, R., Kemmis, S, 1988. Action Research Planner, Action research in Education. Deakin University.

Abstract: Child Abuse or maltreatment constitutes all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligence treatment or other exploitation resulting in actual or potential harm to child's health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility trust or power (WHO, 1999). "Physical and psychological abuse forces a child running away from home. In school-aged children subtle clinical manifestation may include sudden onset of anxiety, fear, depression, insomnia, hysteria and sudden massive weights loss, or weight gain, school failure, truancy or running away. As children grow older we find more serious delinquency accompanied by self-esteem" (Kempe, 1962)...............

Keywords: Child abuse, Child Abuse Awareness, Higher Secondary School Students, Physical abuse, Psychological abuse, Sexual abuse

[1]. Crisma, M., Bascelli, E., Paci, D., & Ronito, P.(2004) Adolescents who experienced sexual abuse: Fears , needs and impediments to disclosures, Child Abuse and Neglect, 28(10), pp. 1035-1048.
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[3]. Elizabeth, L. (1992) Handbook on child with historical background barooah, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
[4]. Erikson, M.F., Egeland, B., & Painta, R. (1989) Child maltreatment: Theory and research on the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 647-684.
[5]. Frederico, M., Jackson, A., & Black, C. (2008) Understanding the impact of abuse and neglect on children and young people referred to a therapeutic programme, Journal of Family Studies, 14, pp. 342-361.