iosr-JRME   Volume-7 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2017

Abstract: This piece of research focused on whether the principal's leadership styles influenced the implementation of change in a small special needs school in Greece. The research followed the case study approach and interviews were used in order to gather information. A questionnaire was also used in order to illustrate the findings and to strengthen the validity and the reliability of the research. Throughout the research it was apparent that there was not one single leadership style that could characterize a principal. Moreover,...........

Keywords: leadership style, special needs school, special education teacher, change.

[1]. Shriberg, A. & Shriberg, D. (2010). Practicing leadership principles and applications. Wiley Global Education.
[2]. Hallinger, P. Lee, T. H. T. & Szeto, E. (2013) Review of Research on Educational Leadership and Management in Hong Kong, 1995–2012: Topographical Analysis of an Emergent Knowledge Base. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 12(3), 256-281.
[3]. Hallinger, P. & Bridges M. E. (2017) A Systematic Review of Research on the Use of Problem-Based Learning in the Preparation and Development of School Leaders. Educational Administration Quarterly, 53(2), 255–288.
[4]. English, F. W. (Ed.). (2011). The Sage handbook of educational leadership: Advances in theory, research, and practice. Sage.
[5]. Leithwood, K. A., Chapman, J. D., Corson, P., Hallinger, P. & Hart, A. (Eds.). (2012). International handbook of educational leadership and administration (Vol. 1) Springer Science & Business Media.

Abstract: Flipped instruction is quite new in language education, but it is growing rapidly in popularity (Bergmann &Sams, 2012) to help teachers maximize the time for students' practices.Althougha number of studies have concluded the positive effects of flipped classroom in teaching content subjects, little research has been done to examine its effects in language teaching and learning. This current study is; therefore, an attempt to investigate non-majored English students' perceptions of this alternative teaching method utilizing Facebook as a platform to deliver learning material. The data are collected through a mixed method approach using two main tools e.g. questionnaires, and in-depth interviews..........

Keywords: Flipped classroom, Facebook platform, blended learning, perception

[1]. Adas, D., &Bakir, A. (2013). Writing difficulties and new solutions: Blended learning as an approach to improve writing abilities. International Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(9), 254-266. Retreived from www.ijhssnet.com
[2]. Ainin, S., Naqshbandi, M. M., Moghavvemi, S., &Jaafar N. I. (2015). Facebook usage, socialization and academic performance. Computers & Education, 83, 64-73.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.12.018
[3]. Avdic, A. &Akerblom, L. ( 2015). Flipped classroom and learning strategies.ECEL2015-14th European Conference on e-Learning: ECEl2015.(pp. 41-49). UK: Academic Conferences Publishing.
[4]. Behjat, F. et al (2012). Blended Learning: A Ubiquitous Learning Environment for Reading Comprehension.International Journal of English Linguistics 2 (1).http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v2n1p97
[5]. Bergmann &Sams (2012).Flip your classroom: reach every student in every class every day. International society for technology on education.

Abstract: A wellknown Four Educational Pillars by UN are well recognized by teachers all over the world. All countries in the world has determined teacher's qualifications, with high expextation those young generations get the best quality of educational service, so the objective of education can be obtained. The Indonesian government through the Minister of National Education Regulation No. 16/2007 about Standards of Teacher's Competence and Academic Qualifications, stated that teachers in all education level must have competencies of pedagogy, personality, social, and professional. The academic qualifications is at least have a bachelor degree in education or suitable background of study..........

Keywords: "God-Spot – effective learning – Elementary Schoo

[1] JoAnne Ferrara, Char, Curriculum and Instruction, Journal of Research in Charahcter Education, 5(1), 2007, 95-101.
[2] Jahirul Mullick, Joanne Deppeler, Umesh Sharma, Inclusive Education Reform in Primary School of Bangladesh: Leadership Challenges and Possible Strategies to Address The Challenges, International Journal of Whole Schooling, 8(1), 2012, 1-20
Books:
[3] Munif Chatib, Gurunya Manusia (Bandng: Kaifa, 2011).
[4] D. Mulyana, Metodologi Penelitian Kulaitatif (Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2001)
[5] E. Mulyasa, Menjadi Kepala Sekolah Profesional Dalam Menyukseska MBS dan KBK (Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2004)

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of project-based learning (PjBL) designed using communication activities which is abbreviated as a Production model to foster scientific communication skills. The method of this research was experiment with static-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was chosen by purposive sampling in the pilot stage and stratified proportionate random on the implementation. Data were collected by using questionnaires, observations, and tests that were then analyzed based on data characteristics. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative, quantitative descriptive using N-Gain, and inferential statistic using mean comparison test. The result of the research shows that Production learning model can foster scientific communication skill which includes reading ability, writing, representation, presentation and observation significantly...........

Keywords: Production learning model, scientific communication skill.

[1] NRC, Assessing 21st Century Skills: Summary of Workshop. J.A. Koenig, Rapporteur. Committee on the Assessment of 21st Century Skills. Board on Testing and Assessment, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education (The National Academies Press, Washington DC, 2011).
[2] Permendikbud 69 Tahun 2013 tentang Kurikulum Fisika SMA.
[3] Permendikbud 65 Tahun 2013 tentang Standar Proses Pendidikan.
[4] H. Turgut, Prospective science teacher's conceptualizations about project based learning. International Journal of Instruction, 1(1), 2008, 61-79.
[5] W. Fadly, Profil of scientific communication in senior high school, Jurnal Pendidikan Maja Vidya, 2(1), 2013. 22-29.

Abstract: This complete enumeration, comparative, before-and-after study (without controls) was conducted to determine the differences in cognitive domain scores of first-year medical students after traditional didactic lectures (by a pre-test) and that after horizontal integrated teaching with case-based learning (by a post-test). The pre-test was conducted after traditional didactic lectures, while an identical post-test was conducted after horizontal integrated teaching and case-based learning. The outcome studied was the difference in cognitive domain scores after traditional didactic lectures (by a pre-test) and horizontal integrated teaching with case-based learning (by a post-test)...........

Keywords: Integrated teaching, Case-based learning, First-year medical students

[1] S. Joglekar, P. S. Bhuiyan, and S. Kishore, Integrated teaching - our experience, J Postgrad Med, 40(4), 1994, 231-232.
[2] M. Basu, P. Das, and G. Chowdhury, Introducing integrated teaching and comparison with traditional teaching in undergraduate medical curriculum: A pilot study, Med J DY Patil Univ, 8(4), 2015, 431-438.
[3] Medical Council of India, Regulations on Graduate Medical Education - Amended up to 10th March 2017 ( New Delhi, Medical Council of India, 1997), p. 2.
[4] P. S. Bhuiyan and D. D. Pandit, Integrated teaching, in: P. S. Bhuiyan, N. N. Rege, A. N. Supe (Eds.), The art of teaching medical students (New Delhi: Reed Elsevier, 2015), 370-378.
[5] Z. Hasan, and R. Sequeira, Challenges of Teaching Physiology in an Integrated System-Based Curriculum, Can Med Educ J, 3(1), 2012, e73-e76.

Abstract: Objectives: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been recognized recently in Sudan but with limited availability. This study will assess Sudanese dentists' knowledge and attitudes towards CBCT. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was performed among dentists in Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital between October and November 2016. A total of 161 dentists were involved in the study. Twenty close-ended questions were answered by the participants. Data were collected and analyzed using the Statistical Software Package SPSS (version20)...........

Keywords: Cone beam computed tomography, Dentists, knowledge, Medical education, Radiology.

[1]. Arai Y, Honda K, Iwai K, Shinoda K. Practical model '3DX' of limited cone-beam X-ray CT for dental use. International Congress Series,. 2001:713–18.
[2]. Moshiri M, Scarfe WC, Hilgers ML. Accuracy of linear measurements from imaging plate and lateral cephalometric images derived from cone-beam computed tomography. . Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop,. 2007;132:550–60.
[3]. Scarfe WC, Farman AG. What is cone-beam CT and how does it work? Dent Clin North Am. 2008;52:707-30.
[4]. Scarfe WC, Farman AG, P. S. Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice. J Can Dent Assoc 2006;72:75-80.
[5]. Scarfe WC, AG. F. What is cone-beam CT and how does it work? . Dent Clin North Am 2008;52:707-30.

Abstract: Qualitative research method were employed to explore growth of mathematical understanding of two first year students of mathematics education in solving derivative problem based on growth of mathematical understanding model by Pirie-Kieren. The results showed that subjects' growth of mathematical understanding spanned layers of primitive knowing, image making, image having, property noticing, formalizing, and observing. Despite of the same spanned layers, subjects' had different path of understanding growth. Both subjects couldn't fold back by themselves, yet they needed intervention..........

Keywords: The growth of understanding, Pirie-Kieren, Derivative

[1] Meel, D. E. (2003). Models and Theories of Mathematical Understanding: Comparing Pirie and Kieren Models of the Growth of Mathematical Understanding and APOS Theory. Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education V, 132-181.
[2] von Glasersfeld, C. (1989). Learning as a Constructive Activity. Proceedings of 5th PME-NA Vol I, 41-69.
[3] Kyriakides, A. O. (2010). Engaging Everyday Language to Enhance Comprehension of Fraction Multiplication. Proceedings of the Sixth Conference of European Research in Mathematics Education (hal. 1003-1012). Lyon: CERME.
[4] Manu, S. (2005). Growth of Mathematical Understanding in a Billingual Context. The 29th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (hal. 289-296). Australia: ERIC.
[5] Martin, L., & Pirie, S. (2003). Making Images and Noticing Properties: The Role of the Computer in Mathematical Generalization. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 15(2), 171-186.

Abstract: The study investigated the challenges of m-learning implementation in science education in higher institutions. The descriptive survey research design was adopted in carrying out the study using a sample of one hundred and twenty five academic staff of School of Science, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri. Data required for the study was collected using researchers made15 items likert 4-point type of questionnaire titled "Challenges of implementation of m-learning in science education (CIMSE)". It had reliability coefficient of 0.79 determined using Cronbach's alpha method...........

Keywords: Challenges, M-learning, Science Education

[1] Amin, A.; Mahmood, A.; Abidin, A. & Rahman, M. (2006). M-learning management tool development in campus wide environment. Issues in informing science and information technology, 3, 423 – 434
[2] Faisal, M. K. & Abdelmuhdi, A. a. (2010). Graduate students perceptions towards mobile-learning (m-learning) at the University of Jordan. Retrieved from Harriman, G. (2001). M-learning (m-learning). Retrieved from http://www.grayharman.com/mlearning.htm on March 2, 2017
[3] Maxfield, M. B. & Romano, D. (2013). Chapter 8 – videos with mobile technologies. Pre-service teacher observations during the first day of school. In J. Keengwe (Ed). Pedagogical Application s and Social effects of Mobile Technology Integration, Hershey, PA: IGI Global
[4] McConatha, D.; Praul, M. & Lynch, M. J. (2008). Mobile learning in higher education: an empirical assessment of a New educational tool. The Turkish Online Journal of Education Technology – (TOJET): 7(3)
[5] Nwoke, B. I.; Ikwuanusi, E. N. & Ugo, C. (2016). Students perceptions of use of e-learning in science education. Journal of Research in National Development. 14(1): 159 – 164

Abstract: Last few decades garment industry had been changing very quickly all over the world. Continuously, it is keeping large contribution for world economy but still it is facing huge challenges. For instance, infrastructure problem, lack of skilled labor, resource not available, wrong sample and so on. In clothing industry mainly depends on pattern making. Pattern making is the critical steps for the industry and plays vital role. In the readymade industry, pattern always important to make accurate sample for collecting execute order from buyers. It is one of the most accurate functions that the industry survives..........

Keywords: Garment, readymade industry, Pattern making, fabric waste, aesthetics.

[1] http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-pattern-drafting.htm
[2] https://www.google.com/#q=graded+pattern+definition&*
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_grading
[4] http://1stclasspatterns.com/what-is-a-block-pattern/
[5] ^ "Apparel grading and grade rules". Clothier Design Source. Retrieved 2017-03-08.
[6] ^ Blog, Maker's Row. "What is "Apparel Grading"? | Maker's Row Blog". Maker's Row Blog. Retrieved 2017-03-08.

Abstract: When a child is born s/he is like a plain paper. It's what we write on the paper that shapes his/her future. So it's totally on us- parents, teachers and environment to mould the child into a better person and a holistic one. The children between the age group 3-6 yrs are too small and it is our responsibility to expose these children to a safe, loving and caring environment. An environment which provides enough opportunities to them for their social and emotional development which would help them in attaining a balanced personality in future. In today's world the electronic media is something which is unavoidable by any age group of children. It has become a part and parcel of our life. The amount of time today's kids spent in front of television has increased many folds due to various reasons..........

Keywords: Cartoon, Electronic media, Preschoolers, Social and emotional development, tenets

[1] Rideout, Victoria J., Vandewater, Elizabeth A., Wartella, & Ellen, A. (2003). Zero to Six: Electronic Media in the Lives of Infants, Toddlers and Preschoolers. CA: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA.

[2] Hurlock, E.B. (1981). Developmental psychology- A Life Span Approach. New Delhi: Tata Mc Graw Hill.

[3] Aggarwal, J.C. (2005). Child Development and Processing of Learning. Delhi: Shipra Publications.

[4] Deutsch, F. (1974). Observational and Sociometric Measures of Peer Popularity and Their Relationship of Egocentric Communication in Female Preschoolers. Developmental Psychology 10(5), 745-47.

[5] Wilson, B., & Cantor, J. (1985). Developmental Differences in Empathy with a Television Protagonist's Fear. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 39(2), 284-99.

Abstract: More and more parents all over the world are sending their children to English as a foreign language classes (EFL) hoping that these young learners will gain good language competences at the early age. These parents believe that with good English competence their children will have competitive benefits over other children when they grow up in the era of globalization. However, EFL teachers must be aware of the fact that young children have distinctive characteristics and one of which is that they cannot concentrate for more than 20 minutes in the classroom. Therefore, communicative language games are considered as useful tools to help young learners learn when playing...........

Keywords: Young learners, communicative language games, benefits, challenges, teacher perception

[1] J. Willis. A flexible framework for task-based learning. Challenge and change in language teaching, 1996, 52-62.
[2] W. Littlewood, Foreign and second language learning: Language acquisition research and its implications for the classroom (Cambridge University Press, 1984).
[3] J. C. Richards, T. S. Rodgers, Approaches and methods in language teaching (Cambridge university press, 2014).
[4] S. Phillips, Young learners (Oxford University Press, 1993).
[5] C. T. Linse, Young learners (New York: McGraw-Hill. 2005).

Abstract: Grammar lessons are usually perceived as complicated and boring by many students. Since teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) nowadays focuses more on language skills of reading, speaking, listening and writing rather than language knowledge, grammar lessons are popularly integrated into skill lessons or even ignored in EFL classes . Therefore, EFL teachers all over the world are seeking for effective ways to help learners recall and use grammar knowledge they have learned. The current study aims to investigate the effects of board games on EFL learners' grammar retention and explore their attitudes towards the implementation of board games in grammar classes...........

Keywords: Adult learners, board games, grammar retention, attitudes

[1] D. Saraswati, The use of board game to improve students' grammar mastery (Unpublished Master Thesis, 2015).

[2] T. Paris; R. Yussof, Use of 'time trap board game' to teach grammar. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013, 105: 398-409.

[3] R. Batstone, Grammar (Oxford University Press, 1994).

[4] T. V. Higgs, Teaching grammar for proficiency. Foreign Language Annals, 1985, 18.4: 289-296.

[5] P. Ur, Grammar practice activities: A practical guide for teachers (Cambridge University Press, 1988).

Abstract: Teachers are professionals practitioner who have vision, action, special mission as the main actor in developing the quality of human resources. The development effort can be implemented by continuously improving various education quality programs through three approaches, they are content approach, technical approach and managerial approach. Qualified teachers have at least four criteria: 1) Professional Ability, 2) Professional Efforts, 3) Time for Professional Activities, and 4) Reward for their work result. Therefore, to keep the teachers' needs existances, it is necessary for conducting cooperation between LPTK as producers of teachers with teacher education offices regularly and institutionalized.

Keywords: Quality, Teachers.

[1] Asdiqoh, Siti, 2013, Etika Profesi Keguruan, Trust Media Publishing, Yogyakarta.Kompas, Sabtu, 10 Oktober 2009.
[2] Lailatussaadah, 2015, Jurnal Intelektualita, Vol. 3 Nomor 1 Jan – Juni, Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Guru, UIN Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh.
[3] Mulyasa, 2009, Standar Kompetensi dan Sertifikasi Guru, Remaja Rosda Karya, Bandung.
[4] Murni, 2012, Upaya Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru di Indonesia, Jurnal Kompas berita Kategori Artikel, Makalah Pendidikan, Jakarta.
[5] M. Surya, 2004, Bunga Rampai Guru dan Pendidikan, Penerbit Balai Pustaka, Jakarta.

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of Peer Tutoring teaching strategy on academic achievement of Biology students. Four research questions were posed and four hypotheses were set for analysis at p≤ 0.05 level of significance. Quasi experimental design was utilized. Purposive sampling was used to draw 40 students from two private schools in Umuahia education zone. Mean and, Standard Deviation were used to analyze the research questions and Analysis of Covariance was used to analyze the hypotheses. Results show that the mean achievement scores of student taught peer tutoring was 56.100 and those taught with Conventional teaching method, 47.100. The mean gain in achievement scores................

Keywords: Peer, Tutoring, Achievement, Biology, Strategy

[1] Adedeji, T. (2013). The Effect of Peer Tutoring and Explicit Instructional Strategies on Primary School Pupils Learning Outcomes in Mathematics. Bulgarian Journal of Science and Education Policy (BJSEP), 7(1), 5-25.
[2] Ali, A. and Awatif, A. (2014). Using Peer Computer-Mediated Corrective Feedback to Support EFL Learners' Writing. Language Learning and Technology Journal, 18(1), 76-95.
[3] Bowen, C. W. A Quantitative Literature Review of Cooperative Learning Effects on High School and College Chemistry Achievement. J. Chem. Ed 2000 , 77 , 116–119.
[4] Calhoon, M. B., Al Otaiba, S., Cihak, D., King, A., & Avalos, A. (2007). Effects of a peer-mediated program on reading skill acquisition for two-way bilingual first-grade classrooms. Learning Disability Quarterly, 30, 169-185.
[5] Ezenwosu, S. U. and Nworgu, L. N. (2013). Efficacy of Peer Tutoring and Gender on Students' Achievement in Biology. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 4(12), 944-950.

Abstract: This study aims to explain the improvement of social skills and student learning outcomes through cooperative learning model of Carousel Feedback and Two Stay Two Stray. The design of this study is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were ninth class students of SMP Negeri 02 Batu which amounted to 36 students. The data on the implementation of learning, social skills, interviews, and learning outcomes were collected during the learning process by using observation sheets, field notes, and learning result test sheets. Data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative data analysis

Keywords: Carousel Feedback, Two Stay Two Stray, social skills, learning outcomes

[1] Arif, NMS., Soetjipto, B.E., Degeng, I N S. 2016. The Implementation of Carousel Feedback and Two Stay Two Stray Learning Models to Enhance Students' Self-Efficacy and Social Studies Learning Outcome. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (OSR-JHSS), (Online), 21 (5): 99-104, (http://iosrjounals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/ Vol.%2021%20Issue5/Version-3/P21050399104.pdf), accessed on September 13, 2016.
[2] Arifin, Z. 2014. Evaluasi Pembelajaran: Prinsip, Teknik, Prosedur. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
[3] Dewi, FDR., Soetjipto, B.E., Utaya, S 2016. The Implementation of TSTS and Round Robin Learning Models to Enhance Communication Skill and Social Studies Learning Outcome for the Fourth-Grade Students. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (OSR-JRME), (Online), 6 (3): 93-100, (http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jrme/papers/Vol-6%Issue3/Version-1/M06030193100.pdf), accessed on September 18, 2016.
[4] Ebrahim, A. 2011. The Effect of Cooperative Learning Strategies on Elementary Student's Science Achievement and Social Skills in Kuwait. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2012 (10): 293-314, (Online), (http://link.springer.com/article/ 10.1007/s10763-011-9293-0), accessed on March 3, 2017.

Abstract: This research is grounded by the high frequency of news about bullying in the school environment that are reported by various media, and one of those problems is bullying. Bullying is often considered as the subordination or abuse which involves imbalance of power and authority, so that the victims are not able to protect themselves actively for the negative treatment which is achieved. This research takes place in the State Islamic Senior High School III Yogyakarta. The subjects of this research are teachers and students in the school for the learning period of 2013-2014. This research uses the survey approach for getting the data. The other methods are the interview, documentation............

Keywords: Bullying, Survey, descriptive statistic.

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