IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-10 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2016

Abstract: Microbes from various environments, new degrading enzymes and genetic modifications are carried out continuously to overcome the environmental problems caused by plastics. The present study aims to screen and isolate polyethylene degrading bacteria from various soil environments like garbage soil, mangrove soil, and garden soil. The isolates obtained were screened for their ability to utilize polyethylene as sole carbon source in mineral salt medium (MSM). They were processed using shaker flask method containing MSM and pre-weighed polyethylene pieces. After 30 days of incubation at 37⁰C, the final weight of the polyethylene pieces were noted.............

KeyWords: Biodegradation, polyethylene, weight loss, FTIR, sequence homology.

[1]. F.R. Joel, Introduction to Polymer Science, Polymer Science and Technology, Eds. 3, 1995, 07458:4-9.
[2]. F.L. Adil, H. Fariha, S. Ziaullah, H. Abdul, F. Shah, A.S. Aamer, Optimization of culture conditions for the production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from newly isolated Aspergillus fumigates from soil, Pakistan Journal of Botany., 43(2), 2011,1361-1372.
[3]. E.R. Secchi, S. Zarzur, Plastic debris ingested by a Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris, Washed ashore in Brazil. Journal of Aquatic Mammals, 25(1), 1999, 21-24.
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[5]. A. Starnecker, M. Menner, Assessment of biodegradability of plastics under stimulated composting conditions in a laboratory test system, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 37(1-2), 1996, 85-92..

Abstract: Investigations were carried out to determine variations in selected anti-nutrients of commonly consumed legumes in Nigeria. Results of Callosobruchus maculatus and Acanthoscelides obtectus infestation on the anti-nutrients of Vigna unguiculata, V. aconitifolia, Phaseolus vulgaris, P. lunatus and P. autifolius revealed significant (p<0.05) variations in infested seeds. Infestation engendered significant (p< 0.05) variations in hydrocyanic acid with mean values of 2.28 ± 0.02 for (P. autifolius), 1.85 ± 0.01 (P. lunatus), 1.51 ± 0.01 (V. unguiculata), 1.19 ± 0.01 (P. vulgaris) and 1.13 ± 0.01 mg/100 g (V. aconitifolia)...........

KeyWords: Infestation, Anti-nutrients variation, Legumes.

[1]. K. O. Soetan, Pharmaceutical and other beneficial effects of antinutritional factors in plants. A Review of African Journal Biotechnology. 7(25), 2008, 4713-4721.
[2]. B. C. Pearson, Nutrition: A functional approach, (Canadian Edition, 2007).
[3]. G. R. Beecher,''Overview of dietaryflavonoids: nomenclature,occurrenceand intake''JournalofNutrition.133(10),2003,248S-3254S.
[4]. B. K. Tiwari, A. Gowen and B.Mckenna,Pulsefood:processing,qualityand nutraceuticalapplication.ElsevierIncorporated, 2011.
[5]. M. I. Messina, Legumes and soybeans: overview of their nutritional profiles and health effects. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 70, 1999, 439S-450S.

Abstract: Infestation of grains has been reported in many stored grains. This research was carried out to determine the effect of infestation on the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals of five beans species. Results of qualitative analysis revealed the presence of seven and the absence of three phytochemicals in infested and uninfested samples T-test analysis of results revealed increase in alkaloids in infested V. unguiculata, V. aconitifolia and P. autifolius with decease in infested P. vulgaris and P. lunatus. Reductions in glycosides were significant (p<0.05) in infested V.

KeyWords: Beans species, Storage pest infestation, Qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals,

[1]. I. C. Arts and P. C. Hollman, Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 81(1 Suppl), 2005, 317S-325S.
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[4]. I. Helena and B. N. Agnieszka, Infestation by bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) and the content of selected secondary metabolites in Phaseolus spp. Seeds. A Conference Paper Presented at International Scientific Conference of Horticulture in Shaping Life Quality and 45thJubilee of the Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, at Lublin, Poland.
[5]. H. M. Zank, Chasing the enzymes of secondary metabolism plant cell cultures as a pot of goal. Phytochemistry. 30(12), 1991, 3861-3863.

Abstract: Nowadays, one of the major problems in the world is water pollution. The textile dyeing industry is considered one of the largest water consuming industries and produces large volumes of colored wastewater in its dyeing and finishing processes. The effluents of such industries, wastes from households and other manufacturing activities pose a serious environmental problem as they cause harm to the biota of receptor water (i.e. sea water, rivers, etc). This research is intended to conduct an experimental study of laboratory colored wastewater at universities, colleges, and research centers using three methods of sorption process and the dynamic system including packed bed column and batch experiments. Another method used in this study is static adsorption system.........

KeyWords: Adsorption, crystal violet, dyes, methylene blue, olive cake, packed bed column, static system.

[1]. Khudhair A. B., Musa M., Jaafar M. S. and Hadibarata T. Cresol (2015) Red Dye Removal using Recycled Waste Tire Rubber, International Journal of Engineering Rechearch in Frica vo. 16, pp. 57-63.
[2]. Gupta V. K. and Ali I. (2013) Environmental Water Advances in Treatment, Remediation and Recycling. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59399-3.00001-5
[3]. Grag V. K., R. Kumar, R. GUPTA (2004) "Removal of Malachite Green Dye from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Agro-industries Waste: a Case Study of Phosppis cineraria", Dyes Pigments, 62: 1-10.
[4]. Kadirvelu K. and Namsivayam C. (2003) Activated Carbon from Coconut Coirpith as Metal Adsorbent: Adsorption of Cd (II) from Aqueous Solution. Advances in Environmental Research. 7: 471-478.
[5]. Siti Nur Aeisyah Abas, Mohd Halim Shah Ismail, Md Lias Kamal and Shamsul Izhar (2013) "Adsorption process of heavy metals by low-cost adsorbent: a review", World Applied Sciences Journal, 28, 11. 1518-1530.

Abstract: Gum is naturally occurring chemical substance in the plant.It exudates naturally from the stem or from the wounds.Physical and chemical properties of gum changes as per the eco-climatic condition of the plant. Gums are colloidal in nature soluble in water but completely insoluble in alcohol and ether. They are noncrystalline in nature and contains large amount of sugar. Chemically it is polysaccharide. Gums are hygroscopic which absorb moisture and become soft in a humid atmosphere. Estimation of crude fibre, Crude fat, crude protein and Nitrogen content were studied during the present investigation............

KeyWords: Gum, Fats, Fibre, Protein, Nitrogen

[1] S.M. Al Ahmadi, Chemical analysis and study the biological activity of gums resin oil of Commiphora myrrha. MS Thesis, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah. 2006.
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[5] E. Gyedu-Akoto, I. Oduro, F.M. Amoh, J.H. Oldham, W.O. Ellis, K. Opoka-Ameyaw and Rasheed Bin Bakeem, Physico-chemical properties of Cashew tree gum. African Journal of Food Science, 2, 2008, 60-64.

Abstract: Hindon River originates from the upper Shivalik in lower Himalayan range of District Saharanpur Uttar Pradesh (India). The river passes through six districts, including Noida and Ghaziabad, in Uttar Pradesh before it meets the Yamuna ahead of Dankaur (Uttar Pradesh). Two of its tributaries – Kali River and Krishna River - in Ghaziabad are also equally polluted like the main river. Paper mills, sugar manufacturing plants, alcohol distillation units and slaughterhouses located at places like Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar and Baghpat are blamed for the pollution. The Hindon Air Force Base of the Indian Air Force also lies on its bank in the Ghaziabad district on the outskirts of Delhi...............

KeyWords: Tributaries, Effluent, chemical, parameters, discharge, upstream and downstream etc.

[1]. WHO. World Health Organization, International standards of drinking water Geneva 2004, 55-79.
[2]. BIS-Indian standards specification for drinking water IS:10500.Bureau of Indian Standards New Delhi-2003.
[3]. IS-Indian standards specification for Waste water IS:3025.
[4]. Urquhart, Leonard Church Civil Engineering Handbook 4th edition (1959) Mc Graw- Hill p-9-40.
[5]. Norton, John F.Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Sewage 9th Ed.(1946).

Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic effect of moringa leaf powder and its ethanolic extract as ahypolipidemic agent in hypercholesterolemic rats (HCR) fed on a basal diet for 27 days. Results showed that moringa leaf powder and its extract had a significant effect in the reduction of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, total lipids, atherogenic index, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehydeof hyperlipidemic rats in comparisonwith the standard drug (fluvastatin). Moringa leaf powder and its ethanolic extract enhanced the increase in high density lipoprotein.Moringa leaf powder could be used as a natural source ofpolyphenols. Since, moringa leaf powder was superior than its extract as hypolipidemic agent.

KeyWords: Moringa leaf powder, moringaethanolic extract, hypercholesterolemic, fluvastatin, rats.

[1]. M. Anandharaj, B. Sivasankari, and P. B. Rani, Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on hypercholesterolemia: A review, Chinese Journal of Biology, 2014, Article ID 572754. doi.org/10.1155/2014/572754.

[2]. B. A. Golomb, and M. A. Evans, Statin adverse effects: A review of the literature and evidence for a mitochondrial mechanism,American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 8, 2008, 373-418.

[3]. M. E. Abalaka, O. S.Olonitola, J. A.Onaolapo, and H. I.Inabo, Evaluation of acute toxicity of Momordicacharantia extract, using wistar rats to determine safety levels and usefulness of the plant in ethnochemotherapy,International Journal of Applied Science,3, 2009, 1–6.

Abstract: The An investigation has been carried out to understand the hydrochemistry of the groundwater of semi-arid region of upper Wainganga basin and its suitability for irrigation uses. A total of 64 groundwater samples were collected during pre-monsoon season. The water is neutral to alkaline in nature with pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.6 with high electrical conductivity (EC) and total hardness. Higher concentration of nitrate was observed in 70% of samples. The irrigation suitability of groundwater of study area measured with different irrigation indexes like EC, sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and permeability index (PI)..............

KeyWords: Hydrochemistry, groundwater, irrigation suitability, Gondia district, India

[1] N. Rajmohan, L. Elango, S. Ramachandran, M. Natarajan, Major ion correlation in groundwater of Kancheepuram region, South India, Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 20(3), 2000, 188–193.
[2] M. Kumar, A. L. Ramanathan, M. S. Rao, B. Kumar, Identification and evaluation of hydro-geochemical processes in the ground water environment of Delhi, India, Environmental Geology, 50, 2006,1025-1039.
[3] V. K. Garg, S. Suthar, S. Singh, A. Sheoran, M. Garima, S. Jain, Drinking water quality of southwestern Haryana India: Assessing human health risks associated with hydrochemistry, Environmental Geology, 2009, doi:10.1007/s00254-008-1636-y.
[4] R. Nagarajan, N.Rajmohan, U. Mahendran, S. Senthamilkumar, Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in Thanjavur city, Tamil Nadu, India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 171, 2010, 289-308.
[5] J. D. Hem, The study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural waters (3rd ed.), US Geological Survey, 1991.

Abstract: In the present work, the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis (HP) and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) were selected as raw materials for the recovery of multifunctional extracts. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) using coconut oil as solvent was applied under specific optimized conditions. The total carotenoid content for both raw materials were determined using UV-Vis spectrometry. In case of HP astaxanthin content was also determined. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in HP and PT extracts took place using Gas Chromatography (GC).

KeyWords: Antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, astaxanthin, carotenoids, electrohydrodynamic process, polyunsaturated fatty acids, ultrasound assisted extraction

[1] N. Gagliardi, "Consumers Want Healthy Foods--And Will Pay More For Them," 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.forbes.com/sites/nancygagliardi/2015/02/18/consumers-want-healthy-foods-and-will-pay-more-for-them/#2be9ae0144f6. [Accessed: 29-Nov-2016].
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[4] A. Willis, A. Chiovitti, T. M. Dugdale, and R. Wetherbee, "Characterization of the extracellular matrix of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae): structure, composition, and adhesive characteristics," J. Phycol., vol. 949, p. n/a-n/a, Aug. 2013.
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Abstract: Water quality of River Mahi, Gujarat is evaluated by Water Pollution model. A Water Pollution Value (WPV) provides a single number that expresses overall water quality at a certain location and time based on several water quality parameters. The objective of the value is to turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and useable by the public. The work is aimed to develop the Water Pollution model and apply it along a stretch of River Mahi. Six water quality indicator parameters, namely, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, nitrate nitrogen and total coliform were selected for the calculation of WPV..........

KeyWords: Water quality value, water pollution value, water pollution model

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Abstract: Post occupancy evaluation is fast becoming a tool used by experts to diagnose buildings and facilities for the purpose of obtaining information vital to the management of the building and the design of new and related buildings. It is against this background that this post occupancy evaluation was carried out on the new College of Environmental Studies of Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi. The study sought to know user satisfaction with the space organization, design, facilities available, and the maintenance of the buildings................

KeyWords: Buildings, facilities, management, post-occupancy, services

[1]. S.D. Green, and G.W. Moss, Value Management and Post-Occupancy Evaluation: Closing the Loop Facilities. 16 (1/2), 2000, 34-34. (1)
[2]. C. O. Kevin and Y. A. Charles, Analysis of Building Performance Evaluation and Value Management as Tools in Building Facilities Management, Civil and Environmental Research. 3(1), 2013, 1-7. (2)
[3]. W. Preiser and J. Vischer, Assessing Building Performance. Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier, 2005. (3)
[4]. A. Leaman,User Needs and Expectations. 1-13. Blackwell Publishing.. 2002 Retrieved April20,2013,from http://www.ri.salford.ac.uk/peterbarrett/resources/uploads/File/UserNeedsAndExpectations- AL.pdf (4)
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Abstract: This work studied the comparative nephroprotective effects of concomitant administration of calcium (Ca) alone, magnesium (Mg) alone and the combination of Ca and Mg against cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) co-intoxicated rats. Wistar rats were divided into five groups of four rats per group in metabolic cages. Group one was fed with tap water only; group two with the co-administration of Cd and Pb; group three with co-administration of Cd and Pb and concomitant addition of Mg; group four with co-administration of Cd and Pb and concomitant addition of Ca; while group five with co-administration of Cd and Pb and concomitant addition of Ca and Mg........

KeyWords: Comparative, Nephroprotective, concomitant, Calcium, Magnesium, Cadmium, Lead, Co-intoxicated.

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Abstract: Butterflies are part of our natural heritage which adds to increase the aesthetic value of our nature. They are very sensitive and are severely affected by the slightest variations in the environment. They form an important biota of the class Insecta, belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured and conspicuous wings used for fluttering type of flight. They form an important part of food chain and are good bio-indicators for evaluation of habitat change and variations in landscape structures. Butterflies and their caterpillars are dependent on specific host plants, thus the diversity of butterfly indirectly reflects the plant diversity of a particular area........

KeyWords: Butterfly; Diversity; Karnatak University Dharwad campus

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