IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-14 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2020

Abstract: Background of Study: Because of the improper disposal of industrial waste in a number of situations, the groundwater environment is faced with an ever-increasing number of soluble chemicals [6]. In many areas where there is great pressure for development, onsite systems have often been installed on land that is not suitable for conventional soil absorption systems. With the increase in the generation of wastewater from residential apartments with no adequate management system, the need for a soil evaluation and assessment for a possible wastewater treatment system design is high to treat the wastewater discharging to the groundwater system. In this regard, this study aims to characterize soil profile and subsurface hydraulic properties for appropriate onsite wastewater treatment system design, using the Federal University of Technology Akure's(FUTA), Nigeria stream basin as a case study.
Material and Methods: An onsite assessment was conducted at the study site, and the site soil profile, site slope, site size and the depth of the groundwater....

Key Words: Wastewater, Groundwater, Soil Test, Mound System, Wastewater Treatment System, Percolation

[1]. BS 1377(1990). Methods of Test for soils for Civil Engineering,Part 1-9.
[2]. California Department of Water Resources,(2000). Detail of Commercial and Industrial Assumption, by End Use.
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[4]. Montaigne, F , Essick, P ( 00 ) "Water Pressure" National Geography, volume 202, pages 223.
[5]. Ojuri O O ( 00 ) "Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Design for a Marshy Urban Area in igeria", Journal of Soil evaluation, page 185-18.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the spatio-temporal changes in land uses as a result of regeneration activities occurring in the central area of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. This involves analyzing land use changes and activity patterns within the central area as well as examining the impacts of such changes as a basis for sustainable planning and management of the processes of change in a rapidly growing third world city. Though, the processes of physical change are desirable, it leads to a number of problems such as congestion and inadequate parking space; inadequate utilities, poor waste management and environmental degradation. The local planning institutions (Ministry of Lands, Surveys & Town Planning & Jos Metropolitan Development Board) makes decisions for the town and the local community without the latter being consulted and hence bringing about uncoordinated changes within the central area of the state capital.

Key Word: Jos, Central Area, Land Use, Changes, Urban Regeneration

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Abstract: Background: Machine learning models were used to analyze the land cover features extracted from the Mosquito Habitat Mapper, to explore possible relationship between those features and the population distribution of mosquitos. We aim to find out what terrestrial and anthropogenic features on the land cover enhance the growth of mosquitos, while verifying some hypothesis implied by daily life experience.
Materials and Methods: Terrestrial and anthropogenic features were extracted from the Mosquito Habitat Mapper JSON file, which contains the data collected during the 2020 NASA SEES summer project. Python packages of text corpus processing and document-term conversion were used to process the data for machine learning. Two machine learning algorithms, Naïve Bayes and Ordinary Least Squares, were used to analyze the data.....

Key Word: Mosquito Habitat, Land Cover Features, Machine Learning, Naïve Bayes, Ordinary Least Squares.

[1]. Saah D, et. al., Primitives as building blocks for constructing land cover maps, Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation, Elsevier, 85 (2020), 101979.
[2]. Saah D, et. al., Collect Earth: An online tool for systematic reference data collection in land cover and use applications, Environmental Modelling & Software, Elsevier, 118 (2019), 166-171.
[3]. Jacobson A, et. al., A novel approach to mapping land conversion using Google Earth with an application to East Africa, Environmental Modelling & Software, Elsevier, 72 (2015), 1-9.
[4]. Teluguntla P, et. al., A 30-m landsat-derived cropland extent product of Australia and China using random forest machine learning algorithm on Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Elsevier, 144 (2018), 325-340.
[5]. Oliphant AJ, et. al., Mapping cropland extent of Southeast and Northeast Asia using multi-year time-series Landsat 30-m data using a random forest classifier on the Google Earth Engine Cloud, Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation, Elsevier, 81 (2019), 110-124.

Abstract: Background: Seeni banana (Musa acuminata ABB) is a highly nutritious fruit which has high postharvest loss compared to other banana varieties, due to the high perishability and inadequate preservation methods in Developing countries. Society is already consuming banana snacks which are deep fried of high fat content with the concerns and knowledge of non-communicable diseases such as Cardio Vascular Diseases, Cancers.
Materials and Methods: This study was focused on extending the shelf life of Seeni Banana (Musa acuminata ABB) by dehydrating the eighty percent ripen fresh banana in to a snack by making use of vacuum dehydration. The final product was evaluated for microbiological properties (Total viable plate count, Yeast and mold count, Escherichia coli) prior to the sensory......

Key Word: Dehydrated banana, proximate analysis, sensory evaluation, snacks, vacuum dehydration

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[4]. Chandrasiri M.H.T.K., Hettiarachchi D.N., Ellepola V.P., Wijesinghe W.A.J.P., Hitigedara D.L.C.N,2020. Development of banana snack using vacuum dehydration and evaluation of its nutritional, physicochemical and sensory properties, International Journal of Research Publication (Volume: 63, Issue: 1), http://ijrp.org/paper-detail/1487
[5]. Deka, B.C., Choudhury, S., Bhattacharyya, A., Begum, K.H. and Neog, M. (2006). Postharvest treatments for shelf life extension of banana under different storage environments.ActaHortic.712,841-850DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.712.110 https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.712.110 (Accessed on 20 April 2019).

Abstract: Water is an essential natural resource and a basic need of lives. Its qualities and sustenance is threatened by pollution, resulting into serious public health concern. Polluted or contaminated water could harbor pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, this study aimed at subjecting isolated bacteria from River Osin, Ila Local Government, Ila-Orangun, Osun State, Nigeria, to antibiotic susceptibility test and plasmid curing following standard microbiological procedures. The mean value of total viable bacterial count and total coliform count obtained ranged between {2.41x 103 - 1.81x104}cfu/ml and {120-150}cfu/100ml for February and July, 2019 respectively and were both found to exceed WHO standard of 1.0x102cfu/ml and (0) zero cfu/100ml respectively. A total of (9) nine bacteria were isolated and identified to include; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellasp, Salmonella sp, Bacillus sp, Streptococcus sp, Proteus sp, Alcaligenssp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All isolates tested for susceptibility were resistant.....

Key Word: Chromosome, Bacteria, Plasmid Curing and Antibiotic Susceptibility

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Abstract: In the Niger River valley, geomaterial quarries are multiplying and occupy almost the entire valley and the highlands. The general objective of this study is to characterize the consequences of the exploitation of these quarries on the biological and physical environment. A few quarries were chosen and their facies were described. The methods of exploitation of these quarries were inventoried as well as the consequences of each practice. Several tens or even hundreds of hectares of land are transformed into badlands. The surface destructions bring to the surface materials that are easily mobilized by atmospheric agents and cause diseases; they threaten dwellings with the risk of collapse and are likely to cause problems of groundwater contamination..

Key Word: Niger river Valley, geomaterial quarries, environment impact

[1]. Abdourhamane Toure A. (2011) : Erosion en milieu sableux cultivé au Niger, dynamique actuelle et récente en liaison avec la pression anthropique et les changements climatiques, Thèse de Doctorat, Université de Bourgogne, 225p
[2]. BoubakarHassane A. (2010) : Aquifères superficiels et profonds et pollution urbaine en Afrique, cas de la communauté urbaine de Niamey (Niger), Thèse Doctorale, Dép. Géologie, FS/UAM 249 p
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[4]. Hassane B. (2013). Variabilité de la dynamique éolienne au sol (direction et vitesse du vent) et de ses conséquences (visibilité horizontale) au Sahel central et Sahara méridional entre 1950 et 2009 (Exemple de quelques stations synoptiques au Niger) (Doctoral dissertation, Université de Rouen; Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey).
[5]. Ilbass H. (2014) : Effets économiques de l'exploitation des matériaux de construction : cas du sable et de gravier dans les communes rurales de Karma et de Bitinkodji (Tillabéry – Niger), mémoire de Master, Escae,