IOSR-JBM   Volume-25 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: Résumé L'expansion des bidonvilles en ville de Butembo s'accompagne de sérieux problèmes. Pour dénicher ces derniers, nous avons usé de certaines méthodes (méthodes statistique et analytique) et de l'enquête sur terrain pour la récolté des données. Les objectifs poursuivis consistaient à dégager les différentes causes de l'expansion des bidonvilles en ville de Butembo ainsi que les conséquences qui en découlent, de faire raccorder ou démarquer les bidonvilles bubolais des autres bidonvilles des villes d'autres régions du monde. Comme résultats obtenus, les bidonvilles bubolais sont liés surtout à l'exode rural et se présentent en ilots dans les immeubles de luxe. Plusieurs autres aspects les raccordent aux bidonvilles d'autres régions du monde (faible revenu, chômage, insalubrité, absence du réseau de canalisation des eaux usées, non raccordement au réseau de distribution.....

[1]. Almédia Abreu Mauricio et clerre Gérand, « reconstruire une histoire oubliée, origine et expansion installé dans Favelas de Rio de Janeiro », article . Bresil 2022
[2]. Belaadi Brahim « Analyse critique des quelques approches des bidonvilles, département de sociologie, université de Guelma EL-Tawassol n°26,2010.
[3]. Belaadi Brahim, « le bidonville : Histoire d'un concept » in revue des sciences humaines, université Mahamed Khider Biskra, 2001/11, n°1, 207-13
[4]. Damon Julien un monde de bidonvilles, migrations et urbanisme informel. Collection la République des Idées, seuil, Paris, 2014 ?
[5]. DJATCH M, L, « Fabriquer la ville avec les moyens de bord, l'habitat précaire à Yaoundé » article. Cameroun 2018

Abstract: RESUME Nous nous sommes intéressée dans notre travail à la problématique du port des habits cintrés par les femmes primigestes en ville de Butembo.
Il existe dans la ville de Butembo des femmes enceintes qui préfèrent l'habillement cintré. La plupart des femmes primigestes rencontrées à Butembo restent ignorantes sur les conséquences néfastes dues à ce type d'accoutrement tant sur le plan sanitaire que sur le plan social. En effet, le port de l'habit cintré par une femme enceinte comporte le risque d'étouffement, de fatigue et de douleur abdominale, des effets néfastes sur le foetus et de désapprobation sociale sur le plan de la morale.....

[1]. Aguilar, Femme et mère, paris, éd. SDT,1972
[2]. Anonyme, www.infirmiers.com./...cours gynécologiques-hygiène de vie de la femme, consulté le 18 août 2020.
[3]. Banio Mungusi, Gloria, Tenue d'une gestante, T.F.C,I.S.AM-Lubero, 2013-2014
[4]. Détours H. et Henrion, Abrégé gynécologie obstétrique, éditions Nasson et 1er Edites 120, 1972.
[5]. Gladys Manzanza Kanga, www.mémoire online.com, consulté le 20/05/2020
[6]. Grawitz M., Méthode de recherche en science sociale, 11ème édition, Paris, Dalloz, 2001..

Abstract: Practically speaking, when teaching English as a foreign language, a teacher must look for materials that really meet the need of the targeted pupils. It is not an easy job of course, but as teachers are trained for that case, there must be a great effort. This article is an attempt to get materials which best suit for pupils of Building option otherwise called Construction option. We do think that, selecting texts of their domain and pictures representing their daily used tools will help them become fond of English. French being the national language of DR the Congo, our country, usually make English a boring language for young learners. They do know well that their materials have catalogues which are written in English......

Key concepts: Teachers of English as a Foreign Language, English Teaching and Texts for Builders

[1]. A.S. Hornby (2010): Oxford Learners‟ Dictionary of Current English. NY, OUP
[2]. Bubey, D., L. Dubey, O., E. &Ndagi, J., O. (1986): Teaching in the primary school. London: Longman.
[3]. Cameron. (2001): Teaching Languages to Young Leaners; U.K the Open University.
[4]. Mathe, M. (2006): The Americanization of English in Uganda. A sociolinguistic approach. Kampala: Unpublished M.A. Dissertation. Makerere, University.
[5]. Panwell,E.C. The New Ox Ford Picture dictionary; New York, O.U.P. 1988

Abstract: Background: The hotel industry globally is characterized by high capital costs and a high proportion of fixed costs to total costs. This study aimed to observe the effect of capital structure determinants in the hotel industry and how this can influence their financial performance, specifically to determine the effect of firm size on financial performance of star rated hotels in Nairobi County, Kenya. The hotel industry was chosen because of its importance in the Kenyan economy as well as this particular industry hardly having been studied in relation to its capital structure determinants and their effect on financial performance. Materials and Methods: A census of the registered, licenced and classified hotels in Nairobi county, Kenya retrieved from the Tourism......

Key Word: Financial Performance, Firm Size, capital structure determinants

[1]. Eriotis, N., Vasiliou D., & Ventoura-Neokosmidi, Z. (2007). How firm characteristics affect capital structure: An empirical study, Managerial Finance, 33(5), 321-331.
[2]. Frank, M. Z., & Goyal, V. K. (2007). Trade-off and pecking order theories of debt. Retrieved from: SSRN 670543.
[3]. Frank, M. Z., & Goyal, V. K. (2009). Capital structure decisions: which factors are reliably important? Financial Management, 38(1), 1-37.
[4]. Marsh, P. (1982). The choice between equity and debt: An empirical study. The Journal of finance, 37(1), 121-144.
[5]. Jensen, M. C. (1986). Agency cost of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. Corporate Finance, and Takeovers. American Economic Review, 76(2).

Abstract: When it comes to assuring the nation's economic progress, MSMEs have played a crucial role. concurrently increased regional and social equity, employment, and exports. This essay discusses the definition's revival, the effect of MSMEs as measured by performance metrics such the number of MSME units, employment, investments, and gross output, as well as the contribution of MSMEs to the economy's overall GDP. The following goals were established for this article using the introduction and literature review section: Assess the Influence of MSMEs on the Indian Economic......

Keywords: MSME, Investment Destination, Privatization, Disinvestment, Global Attention, Economic Development

[1]. Small medium business development chamber of India , available at http://www.smechamberofindia.com/About_MSMEs.aspx
[2]. Annual Report Ministry of MSME 2017-18
[3]. Keynote address by Dr K C Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, at the Central Bank of India SME Conclave, Mumbai, 20 December 2011.
[4]. Mathew, P.M. (2012), "The Relevance of MSMEs," Yojana, Vol. 56 No. 1, January, pp. 60‐63
[5]. Nagayya, D. (2005a), "Changing Role of District Industries Centres," in C. Suryanarayana and V.Krishna Mohan (eds.), Small Industry Development in India: The Outlook, Anmol Publications, New Delhi, pp. 248‐258.

Abstract: Background: Human resource management (HRM) practices are crucial in determining how well organizations face crises such as the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, during which educational institutions at all levels have had to shift to online learning. Instructors have had to adapt to this change in the way skills and knowledge are delivered, and not all actors have been properly prepared to do so: Instructors' ability to manage online and virtual learning is vital to ensuring its effective implementation. This study evaluates instructors' perceptions of online learning in the College of Business Studies (CBS) in Kuwait, shedding light on factors including learning competency, motivations, commitment to, and perception of online learning, to identify obstacles to the use of technology in this area.......

Key Word:Online learning, e-learning, faculty members, Instructors, Evaluation.

[1] T. Tom, "Weblog," 6 July 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.petersons.com/blog/the historyof online education/.
[2] I. Gigauri, "Influence of Covid-19 Crisis on Human Resource Management and Organizations' Response: The Expert Study," International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration. 6. 6, pp. 15-24, 2020.
[3] A. Al-Hunaiyyan, R. Alhajri and A. Bimba, "Towards an Efficient Integrated Distance and Blended Learning Model: How to Minimise the Impact of COVID-19 on Education," International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, V 15, Issue 10, 2021.
[4] I. Yengin, D. Karahoca, A. Karahoca and A. Yucel, "Yengin, Ilker & Karahoca, Dilek & Karahoca, Adem & Yücel, Ahmet. (2010). Roles of teachers in e-learning: How to engage students & how to get free e-learning and the future," Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2 (2), pp. 5775-5787, 2010.
[5] D. O‟Doherty, M. Dromey, J. Lougheed, J. Last and D. McGrath, "Barriers and solutions to online learning in medical education – an integrative review," BMC Medical Education, 18, 2018.

Abstract: Conflicts between humans and wildlife are a paramount threat to conservation of flora and fauna around the world. For instance, in Kenya, with much of the wildlife living outside protected areas, enhanced and sustainable coexistence between people and wildlife has been a challenge. Humans expose themselves to wildlife through poaching or settling along wildlife areas hence amplifying conflicts with wildlife. The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of the Aberdare electric fence on human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in Amboni area, Nyeri County, Kenya. The study purposively focused on three villages (Kiguru, Mutishieni, and Ex-pages) which are directly adjacent to the border of the park fence, with 30% of the villages' households taking part in the study. Data.......

Key words: Human-wildlife conflict, Household, Problem Animal Control, Sustainable Development Goals.

[1]. Acharya, K., Paudel, P., Neupane, P., & One, M. K. (2016). Human-wildlife conflicts in Nepal: patterns of human fatalities and injuries caused by large mammals. PLoS One, 11(9).
[2]. Amaja, L. G., Feyssa, D. H., & Mekonnen Gutema, T. (2016). Assessment of types of damage and causes of human-wildlife conflict in Gera district, south western Ethiopia. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment,8(5), 49–54.
[3]. Anand, S. R. S. (2017). Investigating trends in human-wildlife conflict: is conflict escalation real or imagined? Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 10(2), 154–161.
[4]. Barua, M., Bhagwat, S. A., & Jadhav, S. (2012). The hidden dimensions of human-wildlife conflict: Health impacts, opportunity and transaction costs. Bioological Conservation, 157(2013), 309–316.
[5]. Baruch-Mordo, S., Breck, S. W., Wilson, K. R., & Broderick, J. (2009). A tool box half full: How social science can help solve human-wildlife conflict. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 14(3), 219–223