IOSR-JBM   Volume-25 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2023

Abstract: The Need To Help Language Learners Develop Learner Autonomy To Foster Language Development Occupies Special Attention In Teaching. In This Paper, Teaching Consists Of Enabling Language Learners To Learn Autonomously. And The Development Of A Language Is A Result Of Trials And Errors Followed By Appropriate Feedback. Sadly, Observation Reveals That EFL Teachers At The "Université Chrétienne Bilingue Du Congo" (UCBC), Mostly Provide Feedback Which Hampers The Learners' English Language Development. Teachers Do Not Give Students Opportunities To.....

Keywords: Indirect Feedback, EFL Classroom, English Language Development

[1]. Ambrose, S. A., Bridges, M. W., DiPietro, M., Lovett, M. C., & Norman, M. K. (2010). How learning works: 7 research-based principles for smart teaching (1st ed.). New Jersey: Jossey-Bass.
[2]. Dormer, J. E. (2011). Teaching English in missions: effectiveness and integrity. Pasadena: William Carey Library.
[3]. Dormer, J. E. (2016). What school leaders need to know about English learners. Alexandria: Tesol Press.
[4]. Ferlazzo, L. (2013). Classroom management: Q&As. Bethesda: Education Week Press.
[5]. Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N. (2013). How languages are learned (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Abstract: Worldwide, Healthcare Is Facing Serious Quality Problems While Costs Are Exploding. Care Processes Are Poorly Designed And Characterized By Unnecessary Duplication Of Services, Long Waiting Times And Delays. Costs Are Exploding, And Waste Is Identified As An Important Contributor To The Increase In Healthcare Expenditures. The Private Sector Owns 52% Of The Kenyan Healthcare Industry. Kenya Is Committed To Achieving Universal Health Coverage By 2030. The Country's Focus On Achieving This Goal Experiences The Effect Of The 2010 Constitutional Amendment, Which Brought About The Devolution Of The Healthcare Sector. This Condition Shows.....

[1]. Aburayya, A., Alshurideh, M., Albqaeen, A., Alawadhi, D., & A'yadeh, I. A. (2020). An investigation of factors affecting patients waiting time in primary health care centers: An assessment study in Dubai. Management Science Letters, 1265-1276. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.11.031
[2]. Aithal, A., & Aithal, P. S. (2020). Development and validation of survey questionnaire & Experimental data – A systematical review-based statistical approach. International Journal of Management, Technology, and Social Sciences, 233-251. https://doi.org/10.47992/ijmts.2581.6012.0116
[3]. Albayrak, T. (2019). The inclusion of competitor information in the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1924-1936. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-03-2018-0239
[4]. Ali, F., Ciftci, O., Nanu, L., Cobanoglu, C., & Ryu, K. (2020). Response rates in hospitality research: An overview of current practice and suggestions for future research. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 62(1), 105-120.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1938965520943094
[5]. Boehler, M. (2021, November 3). Advance in healthcare with Lean Six Sigma. Lean Six Sigma Online Certification & Training at Purdue University. https://www.purdue.edu/leansixsigmaonline/blog/healthcare-advancement-with-lean-six-sigma.

Abstract: In Modern Business Environment, Leaders Are Required To Dynamically Lead The Change Process On A Regular Basis For Fast Growth And Development Of Organizations. Change Is Inevitable Due To Technological Upgradation, Mergers, Expansions Into New Markets And New Initiatives To Enter Global Markets. Stabilizing Frequent Change Process Has Become More Of A Rule Than The Exception, Compounding The Constant Need For Change Leadership. This Research Paper Attempts To Examine How Accepting Change And Refreezing Positive Behaviors By Leaders Leads To Positive Behavioral Change Amongst The Employees In The Organization. The Response.....

Keywords: Leadership, Leadership Style, Organizational Change, Change Management

[1]. Kotter, John P. Leading change. Harvard business press, 2012.
[2]. Carnegie, Dale. The leader in you. Simon and Schuster, 2010.
[3]. Lindberg, Carl. Leadership Styles: the Classics: Autocratic, Democratic, and Laissez-Faire Leadership.
[4]. Alimo-Metcalfe, B. & Alban-Metcalfe, J. (2001) The development of a new transformational leadership questionnaire. The Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 74, 1-27.
[5]. Ansari, M.A. (1990). Managing People at Work: Leadership Styles and Influence Strategy. Publisher: Sage Publication, New Delhi/London.

Abstract: The Multi-Criteria Analysis Is Used For Decision-Making With Conflicting Criteria Or Not, Offering The Manager An Instrument For His Evaluation. Based On These Criteria, It Is Possible To Rank The Best Or Worst Options With Available Criteria. The HDI Aims To Determine The Degree Of Development Of An Economy Based On Three Indicators: Income, Education And Life Expectancy. In This Article, The Same Criteria Used By The HDI Are Used To Identify Whether There Are Discrepancies Between The Best And Worst Federation Units In The Year 2021, Based On The Use Of The VIKOR Criterion Compared With The HDI

Keywords: Human Development Index; Multicriteria Techniques; VIKOR

[1]BACHA, E. (2015). Belíndia 2.0: fábulas e ensaios sobre o país dos contrastes. Editora José Olympio.
[2] CONCEIÇÃO, P. (2022). Human Development Report 2021-22: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping our Future in a Transforming World. https://hdr.undp.org/informe-sobre-desarrollo-humano-2021-22
[3]. HWANG, C. L. & YOON, K. (1981). Multiple attribute decision making, methods and applications. Lecture notes in economics and mathematical sýstems, 186. New York: Springer-Verlang. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48318-9
[4]. INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA ECONÔMICA APLICADA – Ipeadata. Dados macroeconômicos e regionais. Disponível em: <http://www.ipeadata. gov.br>.
[5]. OPRICOVIC, S. (1998). Multicriteria Optimization in Civil Engineering. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Belgrade.

Abstract: Sustainability Of Retail Industry Is Of Great Importance And A Necessity To Any Nation's Economy. Retail Outlets Have A Persistent Challenge In Establishing The Right Mix Between Demand And Supply And They Have Thus Turned To Technological Systems So As To Achieve A Balance Between Responsiveness And Efficiency. The Main Objective Of This Study Was To Investigate The Factors Influencing Sustainability Of Retail Stores In Kenya. The Study Was Guided By The Following Objectives; To Determine The Influence Of Management Factors On Sustainability Of Retail Stores In Kenya; To Establish The Influence Of Technological Systems On Sustainability Of Retail Stores In Kenya And To Examine The Influence Of Customer Satisfaction On Sustainability Of Retail Stores In Kenya. The Study Was Guided By A Number Of Theories Including; The Theory Of Assimilation, Dynamic Based Capability Theory, Strategic Choice Theories And The Resource-Based Theory. The Study Adopted A Descriptive Research Design..

Keywords: Retail Chains, Sustainability, Performance Outcome

[1]. Achieng, J. B. O., Paul, S. N. & Mbura, L. K. (2018). Influence of inventory management practices on performance of retail outlets in Nairobi City County. International Academic Journal of Procurement and Supply Chain Management, 3(1), 18-43
[2]. Agrawal, N., & Smith, S. A. (2015). Retail Supply Chain Management: Quantitative Models and Empirical Studies (Vol. 223): Springer.
[3]. Asad Sarfaraz, Qadar Bakhsh and Syed Naseeb Ullah (2019) An investigation of the internal environment and its effect on the sustainability of social enterprises in Pakistan.
[4]. Azher and Danish Ahmed Siddiqui (2019) Integration of Green Supply Chain Management Practices in achieving Corporate Social Responsibility objectives in Pakistan
[5]. Altunışık R., Coşkun R., Bayraktaroğlu S., Yıldırım E., (2012), "Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı", Sakarya Yayıncılık, 7. Baskı.

Abstract: India has long been touted as the next big economic growth story after China. One of the primary reasons for that has been its young population. The hope has remained that as the young Indian population enters the working age, it will lead to higher economic growth – a demographic dividend. The window began in 2018 when the working age population began to grow larger than its dependent population – children aged 14 years or below and people above 65 years of age. It is expected to last for 37 years until 2055. The present study tries to understand the current scenario of the demographic dividend and its impact on the growth of the economy and to develop effective strategy in utilizing the vast working population in the most efficient manner, to develop human capital to achieve higher rank in Human Development Index

[1]. Acharya, S. (2004). India's Growth Prospects Revisited. Economic and Political Weekly, 39(41), 1515– 1538
[2]. Aiyar, S. & Modi, A. (2011). The Demographic Dividend: Evidence from Indian States. IMF Working Paper 11/38. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2011/wp1138.pdf.
[3]. Birdsall, N., Kelley, A. C., & Sinding, S. (2003). Population Matters: Demographic Change, Economic Growth, and Poverty in the Developing World. Oxford Scholarship Online. ISBN13: 9780199244072. DOI:10.1093/0199244073.001.0001
[1]. Bloom, D.E. & Freeman, R.B. (1988). Economic development and the timing and components of population growth. Journal of Policy Modeling, 10(1), 57-81.
[2]. Bloom, D.E. & Sachs, J.D. (1998). Geography, demography, and economic growth in Africa, In Brainard, W.C. and Perry, G.L. (Eds.), Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 207- 295. 44