iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2016

Abstract: Background: In Indian patients with acute onset seizures, solitary ring enhancing lesion is the most common imaging abnormality in contrast enhanced CT brain. The two most common cause of these CT-detected lesions are neurocysticercosis (NCC) and tuberculoma. Magnetization transfer ratio obtained using magnetization transfer MR imaging can differentiate tuberculoma from NCC. Methods : The study group included 43 consecutive patients with intra cranial ring enhancing lesions who were referred for MRI Brain. Conventional spin echo, non contrast T1-Weighted (TR 1000, TE 14)...............

Keywords: Tuberculoma, Neurocysticercosis, Magnetization transfer MR imaging, Magnetization transfer ratio, 3D CISS, Scolex.

[1]. Ravindra Kumar Garg et al, Single Enhancing Computerized Tomography-Detected Lesion in Immunocompetent Patient,Journal of
Neurosurgery June 2002 Volume 12, Number 6.
[2]. AP Jain, Rajnish Joshi, Tejal Lathia, Single Small Enhancing Computed Tomography Lesion: A Review, JIACM 2005; 6(2): 114-
21.
[3]. Rajshekhar V, Haran RP, Prakash GS, et al, Differentiating solitary small cysticercus granulomas and tuberculomas in patients with
epilepsy. Clinical and computerized tomographic criteria, J Nerurosurg 78:402–407, 1993.
[4]. Chopra JS, Sawhney IMS, Suresh N, et al: Vanishing CT lesions in epilepsy. J Neurol Sci 107:40-49, 1992
[5]. Garg RK, Nag D: Single enhancing CT lesions in Indian patients with seizures: clinical and radiological evaluation and follow-up. J
Trop Pediatr 44:204-210, 1998

Abstract:Human rabies, transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal, is a preventable viral disease of CNS associated with 100% mortality. The present study was done at Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Tropical and Communicable Diseases (SRRIT&CD) to assess the burden of the disease and correlate factors like the age, gender, occupation, anatomical site & nature of bite, type of animal, range of clinical symptoms and immunization status with onset and outcome of the disease which, eventually at present, is death.........

Keywords: Dog bite, Epidemiology, Rabies, Hydrophobia, Post exposure prophylaxis

[1]. Rabies; WHO fact sheet; updated, March 2016
[2]. www.cdc.gov/rabies/Apr 18, 2016
[3]. Understanding Rabies www.humanesociety.org/animals/resources/facts/rabies.html
[4]. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Jul; 18(7): 1169. Etymologia: Rabies
[5]. Carrier or Asymptomatic Rabies - Medscape www.medscape.com/viewarticle

Abstract: Background: The diaphyseal fractures of humerus were traditionally treated conservatively, but the needs of the patients warranted Surgical fixation of these fractures now. The two most popular methods of fixation are Plate Osteosynthesis and Intra-medullary fixation with Inter-locking Nail. In this study we tried to compare these two methods of fixation to arrive at the ideal choice of implant for these fractures. Permission of the Ethical committee Materials & Methods: In this study we included 38 patients with diaphyseal fractures of humerus, who attended the department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad. The period of study was 2 years i.e, from September 2013 to September 2015...........

Keywords: Diaphyseal fractures, Plate fixation, Interlocking Nailing, Fracture Humerus.

[1]. Rose SH, Melton LJ, Morrey BF, Ilstrup DM, Riggs BL. Epidemiologic features of humeral fractures, Clin.Orthop Relat Res. 1982
Aug; (168): 24-30.
[2]. Rockwood CA, Bucholz RW, Green DP, Heckman JD, Rockwood and Green's Fractures In Adults, Vol 1, 4th Edition, Lippincott
Raven; 1996.
[3]. Buckholz RW, Heckman JD, Rockwood, Green's. Fractures in Adults.Vol 1, 5th Edition.Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001.
[4]. Rockwood CA, Bucholz RW, Green DP, Heckman JD, Rockwood and Green's Fractures In Adults, Vol 1, 4th Edition, Lippincott
Raven; 1996
[5]. Gustilo RB, Kyle RF, Templeman D fractures and dislocations. Ist edition Mosby publications; 1993.

Abstract: Hypertension of long duration especially if not under control leads to damage of retina, kidney, heart and brain. Endothelial dysfunction is considered to be a predominant pathological finding in patients with hypertension. Microalbuminuria , a pathological marker of endothelial dysfunction is frequently elevated in patients with established essential hypertension and is a predictor of a higher risk for cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction. The presence of microalbuminuria has been shown to correlate with the other cardiovascular risk factors commonly seen in hypertensive patients. This fact indicates that the detection of an increased urinary albumin excretion could be an index of an increased global cardiovascular risk in a given patient. The aim of this study is to evaluate urinary microalbumin in essential hypertensives with and without end organ damage..............

Keywords: Essential hypertension, Microalbuminuria, Cardiovascular risk

[1]. Bharati V. Mittal, MD, and Ajay K. Singh, Hypertension in the Developing World: Challenges and Opportunities, Am J Kidney Dis 55:590-598. 2010
[2]. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and
injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of
Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2013; 380 : 2224-60.
[3]. Bhardwaj Sumit D, Sinha Umesh , Shewte Mamta K , Khadse Jyoti R , Bhatkule Prakash R, Prevalence, awareness, treatment and
control of hypertension among the people above 15 years in rural area nagpur maharashtra - a cross sectional study National Journal
of Community Medicine Vol 3 Issue 2 April-June 2012
[4]. A Poduri, S Kumari, S Jain and M Khullar A case–control study of the association between the MTHFR gene and essential
hypertension in Asian Indians Journal of Human Hypertension (2009) 23, 140–142;

Abstract: Purpose: To find out correlation of Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) with glaucoma and Climatic droplet keratopathy (CDK). Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Sankara Eye Hospital, Krishnankovil, Tamil Nadu. Study design: An observational clinical study Patients and Methods: 50 patients with Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) and 50 patients without Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) were studied and analyzed for glaucoma and Climatic Droplet keratopathy (CDK)............

Keywords:Angle closure Glaucoma, Climatic Droplet Keratopathy, Occludable angles, Ocular Hypertension, Pseudoexfoliation.

[1]. Ritch R. Exfoliation syndrome: the most common identifiable cause of open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 1994;3(2):176-177.
[2]. Schlotzer-Schrehardt U, Naumann GOH. Ocular and systemic exfoliation syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(5):921-937.
[3]. Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Smith W. Association of exfoliation syndrome with increased vascular risk. Am J Ophthalmol.
1997;124(5):685-687.
[4]. Prince AM, Ritch R. Clinical signs of the exfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology. 1986;93(6):803-807.
[5]. Repo LP, Terasvirta ME, Tuovinen EJ. Generalized peripheral iris transluminance in the exfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmology.
1990;97(8):1027-1029

Abstract: Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumour of uterine smooth muscle cells which median age of diagnosis is usually the 5th to 6th decade with presenting complains of dysfunctionl uterine bleeding and pelvic pain. Here we report a case of extensive metastasis of uterine leiomyosarcoma in a young female who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy one year ago for complain of DUB and pain in lower abdomen. Recently she complained of severe bilateral lower limb pain and went for MRI of waist which revealed multiple............

Keywords: Leiomyosarcoma,Malignant mesenchymal tumour uterus

[1]. D'Angelo E, Prat J. Uterine sarcomas: a review. Gynecol Oncol 2010; 116:131.
[2]. Tirumani SH, Ojili V, Shanbhogue AK, Fasih N, Ryan JG, Reinhold C. Current concepts in the imaging of uterine sarcoma. Abdom
Imaging. 2013;38:397–411
[3]. Leibsohn S, d'Ablaing G, Mishell Jr DR, et al. Leiomyosarcoma in a series of hysterectomies performed for presumed uterine
leiomyomas. Am J Obst Gynecol. 1990;162:968–74.
[4]. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology Endometrial Cancer Version 1.2013
[Internet]. Fort Washington, PA: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; 2014 [cited 2014 Aug 20]
[5]. Harry VN, Narayansingh GV, Parkin DE. Uterine leiomyosarcomas: A review of the diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls. Obstet
Gynaecol 2007;9:88-94.

Abstract: Objective: to investigate whether concentrations of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the umbilical cord blood (UCB) are valid biomarkers for the detection of infection in newborns of pregnant women with urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods: PCT and CRP were measured from UCB and were verified through a prospective study of newborns with appropriate birth weights, without asphyxia or signs of bacterial infection whose mothers were diagnosed with untreated or inadequately treated UTI during the final trimester of pregnancy. The blood of newborns was analyzed according to Rodwell criteria.........

Keywords : Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, urinary tract infection, pregnancy, umbilical cord blood, newborn infection.

[1]. Schieve LA, Handler A, Hershow R, Persky V and Davis F. Urinary tract infection during pregnancy: its association with maternal
morbidity and perinatal outcome. Am J Public Health, 84(3), 1994, 405-410.
[2]. Lee AC, Quaiyum MA, Mullany LC, Mitra DK, Labrique A and Ahmed P, et al. Screening and treatment of maternal genitourinary
tract infections in early pregnancy to prevent preterm birth in rural Sylhet, Bangladesh: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Pregnancy
Childbirth, 15, 2015, 326.
[3]. Park IH, Lee SH, Yu ST and Oh YK. Serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker of neonatal sepsis. Korean J Pediatr, 57(10), 2014,
451-6.
[4]. Chiesa C, Pellegrini G, Panero A, Osborn JF, Signore F and Assumma M, et al. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and procalcitonin
in the immediate postnatal period: influence of illness severity, risk status, antenatal and perinatal complications, and infection. Clin
Chem, 49(1), 2003, 60-68.

Abstract: Aim: The objective of this study is the complete elimination of the Keratocystic Odentogenic Tumor (KCOT) along with lining epithelium at the initial operation and induces osteoblastic activity using Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) derived from autologus blood. Materials: 10 cases were involved in the study; Male: Female ratio 6:4; Maxilla: Mandible ratio 5:5, with a mean age of 36 years. Method: All cases of KCOT were treated by enucleation and chemical cauterization using cornoy's solution followed by placement of CGF in the dead space along with aotogenous bone graft mixed with red blood corpuscular layer............

Keywords: Keratocystic Odentogenic Tumor;Odentogenic Keratocyst;Cornoy's solution;Concentrated Growth Factor, Aotogenous Bone Graft

[1]. Philipsen HP. Om keratocystedr (Kolesteratomer) and kaeberne. Tandlaegebladet 1956; 60:963–71
[2]. Voorsmit R.A., Stoelinga P.J., van Haelst U.J. The management of keratocysts. J. Maxillofac. Surg. 1981;9:228
[3]. Choukroun J, Diss A, Simonpieri A, Girard MO, Schoeffler C, Dohan SL, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): A second-generation
platelet concentrate. Part V: Histologic evaluations of PRF effects on bone allograft maturation in sinus lift. Oral Surg Oral Med
Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101:299–303.
[4]. Sacco L. Lecture, International academy of implant prosthesis and osteoconnection, 2006. 12. 4.
[5]. Sohn DS, Moon JW, Moon YS, Park JS, Jung HS. The use of concentrated growth factors (CGF) for sinus
augmentation. Journal of Oral Implant (Japan) 2009;38:25–35.

Abstract: International Classification of Diseases-Oncology 9(ICD-O) uses only a set of 4 characters for topography .Topography code remains same for all neoplasms of that site. Topography run from C00.0-C80.9.A decimal point (.) separates subdivisions of 3 character categories. Mapping patterns of head and neck cancers of 18 months prospective study are conducted at tertiary care centre of state government run medical college and hospital at Nanded, Maharashtra, India. where 378 patients were selected out of that 60 patients have been diagnosed and confirmed histopathologically.........

Keywords: Cancer Registry, Follow up study, Head &Neck Cancers, Mapping Pattern, Topography

[1]. Kishore Chaudhry & Usha k. Luthra, Cancer registration in India 50 years of cancer control in India.
[2]. Adele Calderella, Emanuel Crocetti, Gian luigi Taddei, Eugenio Paci. Cytopathological diagnosis in a cancer registry, a useful
diagnostic tool? Cancer (cancer cytopathology) April 2007; vol. 111; 2
[3]. April Fritz, Constance Percy ,Andrew Jack, Kanagaratnam, Shanmugaratnam, Leslie Sobin D Max Parkin, Sharon Whelan, ICD-O
International classification of disease for oncology, 3rd edition WHO Geneva2000.
[4]. Amit U. Maniyar, Study of cytodiagnosis of head and neck neoplastic lesions and mapping patterns of head and neck
[5]. cancers, MD Pathology diss., Dr Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded India ,Maharashtra University of
Health Sciences,Nashik,India,2010.

Abstract: Aim & Objectives: Prospective study to evaluate the mortality prediction in patients with perforation peritonitis using APACHE II, SAPS II, MODS, SOFA and MPI scoring systems. Material and Methods: One hundred patients of hollow viscus perforation peritonitis, from October 2012 – June 2014, were evaluated preoperatively using above mentioned scores and outcome noted in terms of mortality; thereafter, accuracy of the five systems in predicting mortality evaluated..............

Keywords: Perforation peritonitis, scoring system, outcome, PDR (predicted death rate).

[1]. K Bosscha, K Reijnders, P F Hulstaert, AAlgra, C Van Der Werken. Prognostic scoring systems to predict outcome in peritonitis and intra-abdominal sepsis. British Journal of Surgery 1997; 84(11):1532-34.
[2]. Knaus WA et al. APACHE II : A severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13:818-29.
[3]. Vincent JL, de Mendonça A, Cantraine F, et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction/failure in ntensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Working group on "sepsis-related problems" of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Crit Care Med. 1998;26(11):1793-800. PMID 9824069.
[4]. Marschall JC et al. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score : a reliable descriptor of a complex clinical outcome. Crit Care
med.1995;23:1638-52.
[5]. Le Gall JR et al. A new simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) based on a European / North American multicenter study.JAMA. 1993;270:2957-63.

Abstract: Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) can be a life threatening complication of deep vein thrombosis. Surgical embolectomy is a rarely performed and is only reserved for hemodynamically unstable patients, those with massive pulmonary thromboembolism and those with failed thrombolysis therapy. We reviewed the results of surgical pulmonary embolectomy performed in our institute over the last four years. Data was retrospectively studied of 28 patients who underwent pulmonary embolectomy in our institute over the last four years i.e. from 2012 to 2016. Demographic data.............

Keywords: Pulmonary embolectomy, echocardiogram , pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE)

[1]. 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis andmanagement of acute pulmonary embolismdoi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu283
[2]. Guidelines for the Diagnosis, Treatment andPrevention of Pulmonary Thromboembolism andDeep Vein Thrombosis (JCS 2009)
[3]. Circ J 2011; 75: 1258 – 1281
[4]. Leacche M1, Unic D, Goldhaber SZ, et al.Modern surgical treatment of massive pulmonary embolism: results in 47 consecutive
patients after rapid diagnosis and aggressive surgical approach.
[5]. J ThoracCardiovasc Surg. 2005 May; 129(5):1018-23

Abstract: Naaval Kottai Mathirai is a herbal Siddha preparation prepared from the seed of Syzygium cumini and leaf juice of Aristolochia bracheolata which is widely used in South India as traditional Siddha medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (Madhumegam). The present study is aimed to investigate the acute and sub chronic toxicity of anti diabetic Siddha medicine Naaval Kottai Mathirai in healthy Wistar rats. In acute study, NKM (2000mg /kg) was administered to the wistar albino rats and observed for 14 days. For Sub chronic toxicity study the drug NKM was administered with the dose of LD 90 mgm, MD 450 mgm, HD 900 mgm for 90 days.............

Keywords: Siddha- Acute Toxicity- Sub chronic Toxicity- Naaval Kottai Mathirai

[1]. Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake et al. Efficacy and toxicological evaluation of Coccinia grandis (Cucurbitaceae) extract in male
Wistar rats; Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease; 2013; 3(6): 460-466.
[2]. da Costa Lopes L, Albano F, Augusto Travassos Laranja G,Marques Alves L, Fernando Martins e Silva L, Poubel de Souza G,et al.
Toxicological evaluation by in vitro and in vivo assays of an aqueous extract prepared from Echinodorus macrophyllus leaves. Toxicol
Lett 2000;116:189-98.
[3]. Saude-Guimaraes DA, Fernanda CF, Andrea GG, Claudia MC, Maira RD, Tania T et al. Toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract
of Lychnophora trichocarpha, Brazilian arnica, Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. Braz. J. Pharmacogn. 2012; 22(5): 1104-10
[4]. Gautam MK, Goel RK. Toxicological Study of Ocimum sanctum Linn Leaves: Hematological, Biochemical, and Histopathological
Studies. Journal of Toxicology, 2014; 1-10

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is an important global public health problem. In addition to being a chronic disease, obesity is a key risk factor for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that leads to disability. This study aimed at investigating the effect of Body Mass Index on serum lipid profile in type II diabetic patients. The study was descriptive cross sectional in design. Fifty consenting adults, aged 40-72years type II diabetic patients were studied. The socio-demographic characteristics were assessed through semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire..............

Keywords: Type II diabetes, serum lipids profile, Body mass index, obesity, overweight

[1]. JA Kayode, AO Sola, AS Matthew, BO Adesola, I Ademola, AT Adedeji and AS Adelani. Lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients
at a rural tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 1(4), 2010, 46-51.
[2]. ZU Ali and MS Al-Zaidi. The Association Between Body Mass Index, Lipid Profile and Serum Estradiol Levels in a Sample of
raqi Diabetic Premenopausal Women. Oman Medical Journal, 26(4), 2011, 263–266.

Abstract: Overall salivary gland tumours are rare, comprising of less than 3% of overall head and neck neoplasms. Parotid gland is the most common site for the benign salivary gland neoplasm. Usually they are painless slow growing lesion involving the superficial or deep part of the gland and can severely affect the facial nerve functioning. Treatment mainly comprises of surgical excision with preservation of the facial nerve. A 28 year old female presented with painless swelling in the left parotid region since 2 years.............

Keywords: Pleomorphic adenoma, Benign tumour, parotid gland, parotidectomy.

[1]. Luna MA, Batsakis JG, El-Naggar AK. Salivary gland tumors in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991;100:869–71.
[2]. Pinkston JA, Cole P. Incidence rates of salivary gland tumors: results from a population based study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
1999;120:834–40.
[3]. Silva SJ, Costa GT, Filho ACB, Faria PR, Loyola AM. Metachronous bilateral pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid
gland. Oral surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2006; 101:333-338

Abstract: Giant hydrocele of testis is a condition which has fluid accumulation of more than 1000 ml in its sac. Due to the large size, giant hydrocele hampers functional and social life of the patient. We report a case of giant hydrocele of testis which has caused discomfort and pain with social neglect. The patient life has been restricted to his residence for the last 4 years. Hydrocele is a benign disease with treatment facilities available in every part of this region in all state run hospitals at free of cost. This old man has been denied treatment due to negligence, illiteracy and poverty. Surveillance by community health workers can help avoid this menace.

Keywords: Giant hydrocele, social neglect, hydrocelectomy

[1]. Hirano S, Kawaguchi S, Mikawa I, Motoi I, Masuda S. Giant hydrocele: two case reports. Hinyokika Kiyo. 1991; 37(2): 195-8
[2]. Agarwal P, Saxena A, Sharma D. Giant abdominoscrotal hydrocele. Indian J. Surg, 2004; 66:370-370.
[3]. Ramu K, Ramaiah KD, Guyatt H, Evans D. Impact of LF on male the productivity of male weavers in a South Indian village.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 1996; 90: 669-670.
[4]. Ahorlua CK, Dunyo SK, Asamoah G, Simonsen PE. Consequences of hydrocele and the benefits of hydrocelectomy: a qualitative
study in lymphatic filariasis endemic communities on the coast of Ghana. ActaTropica. 2001;80(21):215–221
[5]. Giant Hydrocele Imtiaz WANI1 ,Imran GUL2 Journal of Case Reports in Practice (JCRP) 2013; 2: 45-46

Abstract: The peripheral cementifying fibroma (PCF) is a reactive gingival overgrowth occurring frequently in the maxillary anterior region in teenagers and young adults. We report a case of peripheral cementifying fibroma occurring on the buccal gingiva in relation to the mandibular left canine & first premolar region in a 27 year old female patient.

Keywords:Peripheral Cementifying Fibroma, Cementum-like calcifications, Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma

[1]. Zain RB, Fei YJ. Fibrous lesions of the gingiva: a histopathologic analysis of 204 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990;
70:466-470.
[2]. Terry Farquhar et al. Peripheral Ossifying fibroma: A Case Report. JCDA 2008; 74(9):809-12.
[3]. Rajan Gunaseelan, Parameswaran Anantanarayanan, Erumbala Ravindramohan, Kannan Ranganathan. Large cemento-ossifying
fibroma of the maxilla causing proptosis: a case report. Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007;104:e21-e25
[4]. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE. Soft tissue tumors. Textbook of Oral and maxillofacial pathology. 2nd Edn.,
Philadelphia, Saunders; 2002; p:451-52.
[5]. Das UM, Azher U. Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma. J Indian Soc of Pedod & Prev Dent 2009;27(1):49-51.

Abstract: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved tadalafil in 2011 to treat the signs and symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor improves erectile function by increasing the amount of cyclic guanosine monophosphate in the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosa. This study aims for the comparison of tadalfil with other established drug tamsulosin in south asian population............

[1]. Chapple C. Medical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. BMJ 1992; 304: 1198-9.
[2]. Clifford GM, Farmer RDT. Medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review of the literature. Eur Urol 200 AUA Practice Guidelines Committee.
[3]. AUA guideline on management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Chapter 1: Diagnosis and treatment recommendation. J Urol 2003;
170: 530-47.0; 38:2-19.
[4]. Andersson KE, Lepor H, Wyllie MG. Prostatic alpha 1-adrenoceptors and uroselectivity. Prostate 1997; 30: 202–15.
[5]. . Kinsey AC, Pomeroy WB, Martin CE. Sexual behavior in the human male. WB Sanders, Philadelphia, 1948.

Abstract: Glycogen rich Clear cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare subtype of breast carcinoma occurring in 1.4 to 2.7 % of breast carcinoma patients. The significance of understanding this carcinoma lies in the fact that they usually have an aggressive course and an adverse prognosis. Here we present a case of 50 yearsold female with a left sided breast lump for 2 yearswhich histologically showed the features of clear cell carcinoma breast and was confirmed by PAS staining.This tumor was also positive for pancytokeratin and Her2immunohistochemically.

Keywords: Clear cell carcinoma Breast, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry

[1]. McGuire, A; Brown, JA; Malone, C; McLaughlin, R; Kerin, MJ (22 May 2015). "Effects of age on the detection and management
of breast cancer.". Cancers. 7 (2): 908–29
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Cancer 1975;36:1057-1066. Case report
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Cancer 1981;48:2003-2009 ,,,,Kuroda H, Sakamoto G, Ohnisi K, et al.
[4]. Clinical and pathological features of glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast. Breast Cancer 2005;12:189-195.

Abstract: Background: Topical fluoride varnishes have been widely applied as a non-operative method of caries prevention for more than three decades. The aim of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of non-invasive treatment of dental caries as an item of a program for prevention of dental caries in deciduous teeth. Material and Methods: We included 100 patients from 3 to 6 years of age in controlled clinical trials comparing the usage of fluorine varnish-Clinpro™ White Varnish with TCP (Tri-Calcium phosphate) (3M) applied for one year period. The control group of the same age included 100 children with no operative treatment or fluorine supplements application...........

Keywords: Non-operative method, fluoride varnish, deciduous teeth

[1]. Divaris K, Preisser JS, Slade GD. Surface-Specific Efficacy of Fluoride varnish in caries prevention in the Primary dentition:
Rezults of a Community Randomized clinical trial. Caries Res 2012 Nov 27, 47:78-87.
[2]. Peneva M. Caries in the XX century. Sofia: East-West, 2008:13-16;
[3]. Vutоv M, К rumova Em, Ivanova K, Indjova K. Prevalence of dental caries in children and students from Plovdiv. Stom. (S.) 1983,
1:1-8.
[4]. www.Manufacturers/Products/Preventive-Dentistry/Dental-Prevention/Tooth-Desensitiser/.
[5]. Featherstone J. Dental caries: a dynamic disease process. Australian Dental Journal 2008 Aug.,18(53):286–291.

Abstract: Anesthesiologists as a clinician is always ready with various plan and instrument to safeguard the airway. He is ready with backup plan whether it is anticipated or unanticipated difficult airway. Unusual anatomic configurations may be encountered when the airway is difficult itself. Best accessories such as bougie, stylet, prism, angle adaptorand mirrors as well as various methods of laryngoscopy such as modified straight blade laryngoscopes were tried to overcome the problem of difficult intubation. Anesthesiologist should be familiar and master in handling these instrument.............

Keywords: Truview, McCoy, Direcable stylet, Malleable stylet, straight stylet.

[1]. Wilson ME.predicting difficult intubation (Editorial) Br J Anaesthesia 1993;71:333-4.
[2]. .Melker RJ. Airway devices and their application. In : Kirby RR, Gravenstein N, Lobato EB, Gravenstein JS ( Eds). Clinical
Anaesthesia Practice, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.2001;303-28
[3]. Latto, M. Stacey, J. Mecklenburgh and R.S. Vaughan (2002); Survey of use of gum elastic bougie in clinical practice. Anaesthesia
2002; 57,379-84
[4]. McCarroll SM, Lamont BJ, Buckland MR, Yates APB, The gum elastic bougie :old but still useful(Letter). Anaesthesiology 1988;
68:643-4
[5]. Dorsh JA, Dorsh SE. Laryngoscopes. In: Understanding Anaesthesia Equipment, 4th edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1998:
505–56

Abstract: Background and objectives: IVRA is a good alternative to brachial block in upper limb surgeries for day-care patients posted for minor hand and forearm surgeries. We compare two adjuvants to 0.5% lignocaine in 30 patients. The objective was to determine the difference if any, in the analgesic contribution of tramadol versus nalbuphine as adjuvants. Methods:In this randomized double-blind study, 90 patients aged 20-60 years, ASA I-II, both sexes, who were posted for minor hand and forearm surgeries in Fr. Muller Medical College Hospital were allotted into three groups of 30 each: group N received lignocaine 0.5 % and10 mg nalbuphine mixture.............

Keywords: IVRA, Biers Block, lignocaine, tramadol-nalbuphine adjuvants

[1]. Miller RD,ErikssonLI,Fleiisher LA, Wiener-Kronish,et al. Miller's Anesthesia. Vol 1, ch 89, 2626-27.
[2]. Yektas A, GumusF ,Karayel A, AlagolA.Effects of Addition of Systemic Tramadol or Adjunct Tramadol to Lidocaine Used for
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Hand Surgery. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2016;2016:9161264. doi:
10.1155/2016/9161264.
[3]. Siddiqui AK et al,Tramadol as an adjuvant to intravenous regional anesthesia with lignocaine, Saudi Med J. 2008 Aug;29(8):1151-5
[4]. BakriM .Nalbuphine as an adjuvant to IVRA .2016 ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02678585
[5]. RN Solanki et alComparative Study of Intravenous NalbuphineHCl and Tramadol HCl for Post- Operative Pain Relief Following
Orthopaedic Surgeries ,Asian Pac. J. Health Sci., 2015; 2(1): 155-160

Abstract: The discovery of pleiotropic functions of Vitamin D has led to several studies associating the
sunshine vitamin and several diseases. It is the anti inflammatory and immunomodulatory role of the vitamin
that links it with metabolic syndrome. It also has anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenesis, anti-thrombotic
functions. In our study we are interested in studying the association between Vitamin D levels and components
of metabolic syndrome and its complications like stroke and myocardial infarction. It was interesting to find
significant association between low levels of vitamin D and components of metabolic syndrome like
hypertension, waist circumference, duration of diabetes, triglyceride levels and total cholesterol levels. There
was also inverse relationship between vitamin D and vascular complications of metabolic syndrome like
myocardial infarction and stroke..............

Keywords: Vitamin D, Metabolic Syndrome.

[1]. DeLuca HF. Overview of general physiological features and functions of vitamin D. Am J ClinNutr 2004;80(6 suppl) : 1689s-96s.
[2]. Webb AR, Kline L Holick MF (1998) Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D 3 : Exposure to
winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin . J Clin Endocrinolmetab 67:373-
378.
[3]. Holick MF. Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune disease, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Am J
Clin Nutr. Dec 2004:80 (6 suppl):16785-16888.
[4]. Tsoukas CD, Provvendini DM, Manoglas SC.1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 : a novel immune regulatory hormone. Science Jun 29
1984;224(4656):1438-1440.
[5]. Adams JS, Hewison M 2010 Update in vitamin D . J Clin Endocrinolmetab 95:471-478

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases have significantly increased in the last century becoming the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Work, worksite situations and practices are known to influence cardiovascular risk factors, hence the aim of this study to assess the awareness and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among workers in an agro-allied industry in Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out to find out those with cardiovascular risk factors. Data were collected using an interviewer-assisted questionnaire developed using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk surveillance. The mean age of the respondents was 34 ± 9.7 years. More than half 303 (59.4) of the respondents had high awareness of cardiovascular risk factors............

Keywords: Awareness, Cardiovascular diseases, Nigeria, Prevalence, Risk factors.

[1] Gaziano TA, Bitton A, Annand S, Abrahams-Gessel S Morphy A. Growing epidemic of coronary heart disease in low and middle
income countries. Curr Probl Cardiol., 2010; 35: 75 – 115.
[2] Levenson JW, Skerrett PJ, Gaziano MJ. Reducing the global burden of cardiovascular disease: The role of risk factors. Preventive
Cardiology, 2007; 5: 188 - 199.
[3] Gersh BJ, Sliwa K, Mayosi BM, Yusuf S. The epidemic of cardiovascular disease in the developing world: global implications.
European Heart Journal, 2010; 31: 642 – 648.
[4] BeLeue R, Okoror TA, Iwelunmor J, Taylor KD, Degboe AN, Agyemang C, Ogedegbe G. An overview of cardiovascular risk
factor burden in sub-Sharan African countries: a socio-cultural perspective. Global Health, 2009; 5 (10): 5 - 10.
[5] Yach D, Hawkes C, Could C, Hofman K. The global burden of chronic diseases: overcoming the impediments to prevention and
control. JAMA, 2004; 291: 616 - 622.

Abstract: Background: Comprehensive data on fellow eyes in unilateral optic neuritis is lacking. Aims: Evaluation of visual function of fellow eyes of patients with unilateral optic neuritis and response to treatment. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study which included 20 patients with unilateral optic neuritis from a database of 34 patients of acute optic neuritis (bilateral or unilateral). All patients had assessment of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, visual fields, visual evoked potentials (VEP) at presentation in affected and asymptomatic eyes. Patients were followed up at 1month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment with corticosteroids (IV Methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisone in rapid tapering doses), and then visual tests were repeated..............

Keywords: optic neuritis, unilateral, fellow eyes, Methylprednisolone.

[1]. Beck RW, Ruchman MC, Savino PJ, Schatz NJ. Contrast sensitivity measurements in acute and resolved optic neuritis. BJO 1984; 68:756-59.

[2]. Sanders EA, Volkers AC, Van Der Poel JC, Van Lith GH. Estimation of visual function after optic neuritis: a comparison of clinical tests. BJO 1986, 70:918-24.

[3]. Sethi HS, Menon V, Sharma P, Khokhar S, Tandon R. Visual outcome after intravenous Dexamethasone therapy for idiopathic optic neuritis in an Indian population: A clinical case series. Indian journal of ophthalmology 2006; 54: 177-83.

[4]. Saxena R, Phuljhele S, Menon V, Gadaginamath S, Sinha A, Sharma P. Clinical profile and short-term outcomes of optic neuritis patients in India. Indian journal of ophthalmology 2014; 62: 265-67.

[5]. Beck RW, Kupersmith MJ, Cleary PA, Katz B. The Optic Neuritis Study Group. Fellow eye abnormalities in acute unilateral ON. Experience of the ONTT. Ophthalmol 1993; 100:691-8.

Abstract: Despite the fact that solutions to functional and comfort problems are often available, successfully restoring the appearance of an edentulous patient remains a challenge. Esthetics pertains to the sense of the beautiful or the science which deduces from nature and taste the rules and principles of art. Esthetics has always exerted a profound influence in history. Because it has always been a prime concern of individuals, having the effect of exciting emotions of approval or disapproval.Significant improvements in facial esthetics and more rapid social integration of the patient is seen with use of characterized denture compared to conventional denture.

Keywords: Characterization, prosthesis, conventional denture prosthesis, denture esthetics.

[1]. 1.Yoshizumi DT. An evaluation of factors pertinent to the success of complete denture service.J Prosthet Dent 1964; 14:866-78.
[2]. Carlsson GE, Otterland A, Wennstrom A, Odont D. Patient factors in appreciation of complete dentures. J Prosthet Dent 1967;
17:322-8.
[3]. Vig RG. The denture look. J Prosthet Dent 1961:9-15.
[4]. Vallittu PK, Vallittu ASJ, Lassila VP. Dental aesthetics –a survey of attitudes in different groups of patients. J Dent 1996; 24:335-8.
[5]. Ruel-Kellermann M. What are the psychological factors involved in motivating individuals to retain their teeth? Dreams and facts.
Int Dent J 1984;34:105-109.

Abstract: Aim: Decrease in physical activity has led to rise in obesity contributing to the upward trend of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to find how the alteration in body mass index (BMI) results in heart rate (HR) and percentage of maximum predicted heart rate (% max pHR) variability and how it differs in young and middle old subjects before and after thestress test. Also it aims to find the same difference between type 2 diabetics (type 2 DM) and non-diabetic (non DM); secondary hypertensive (HTN) and non-hypertensive (non HTN)individuals............

Keywords: BMI, Overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, secondary hypertension.

[1]. India set to be ―heart disease capital of world‖, say doctors. Express News Service [Internet]. 2012 Sep 29;2. Available from: http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/india-set-to-be--heart-disease-capital-of-world--say-doctors/1009607/2
[2]. Sharma, D. C. India's no. 1 killer: heart disease. India Today New Delhi. 2010;
[3]. Ciampi Q, Borzillo G, Barbato E, Petruzziello B, Betocchi S, Villari B. Diastolic function and BNP changes during exercise predict oxygen consumption in chronic heart failure patients. Scand Cardiovasc J SCJ [Internet]. 2009 Feb;43(1):17–23. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cmedm&AN=18609042&site=eds-live
[4]. Mercer JA, Dufek JS, Bates BT. Analysis of Peak Oxygen Consumption and Heart Rate During Elliptical and Treadmill Exercise. J Sport Rehabil [Internet]. 2001 Feb;10(1):48–56. Available from: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asx&AN=6193882&site=eds-live
[5]. Hitzhusen JC, Hickler RB, Alpert JS, Doherty PW. Exercise testing and hemodynamic performance in healthy elderly persons. Am J Cardiol. 1984 Nov 1;54(8):1082–6.