iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2020

Abstract: The incidence of maxillofacial trauma being common to the pediatric population, have variant squeale, traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad being one of the rare few. The rarity and ignorance regarding the growth in the buccal mucosa resembling a tumour in the post traumatic period is often alarming not only to the patient but also to the attending physician. The pedunculated mass after trauma to the soft tissue of buccal mucosa in traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad presents itself as an expanding growth. We present an interesting case of a two year old male patient with traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad following an accidental fall on a sharp instrument.

[1]. Fregnani ER, Pires FR, Falzoni R, Lopes MA, Vargas PA. Lipomas of the oral cavity: clinical findings, histological classification and proliferative activity of 46 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003; 32:49–53
[2]. Kunal Sah, Sunira Chandra,1 Alka Kale,2 Seema Awasthi,3 and Priyanka Rastogi. Traumatic pseudolipoma causing facial asymmetry: An uncommon pathology and review of its pathogenesis. J Oral Maxillofac Patholgv. 15(1); Jan-Apr 2011
[3]. Brooke RI, MacGregor AJ. Traumatic pseudolipoma of the buccal mucosa. Oral Surg. 1969; 28: 223–5.
[4]. Ramoutar VRN, Patel PP, Isache CL. An Unusual Presentation of Ventral Post-Traumatic Pseudolipomas in a Surfer: a case report. European Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2017; 1: 40-43
[5]. K. Gadhia, K. Rehman, R. W. Williams, I. Sha

Abstract: Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] is an autoimmune disease which is known to affect several organ systems. Patients with SLE are likely to experience hypersensitivity reactions including angioedema. Angioedema is a life-threatening condition which is accompanied by the swelling of skin and soft tissues of the face, limbs, upper respiratory tract, and gastro intestinal tract. Angioedema is caused by a lack of the C1esterase inhibitor [C1 INH] which leads to hereditary angioedema [HAE]. Acquired angioedema [AAE] is triggered by several drugs, including ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, and the like. We have reported a case of angioedema within few hours of tramadol....

Key Words: Systemic lupus erythematosus, auto immune disease, angioedema, tramadol

[1]. Yiming LU, Xiaowen FA, et al. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Angioedema: A Cross-Sectional Study from the National Inpatient Sample. Archives of rheumatology. 2019 Jun;34(3):301.
[2]. Couture J, Ben‐Shoshan M, et al. Risk of allergic conditions in children born to women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis care & research. 2018 Feb;70(2):315-9.
[3]. Michailidou D, Kribis M, et al. Facial and limb angioedema with parotitis and Kikuchi-like necrotizing lymphadenitis preceding neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus in a young African American male. Lupus. 2018;27(4):676-80.
[4]. Lahiri M, Lim AY. Angioedema and systemic lupus erythematosus--a complementary association? Annals-Academy Of Medicine Singapore. 2007 Feb 1;36(2):142..
[5]. Bienstock D, Mandel L. Facial angioedema and systemic lupus erythematosus: case report. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2015 May 1;73(5):928-32..

Abstract: Introduction – Hydropneumothorax is an abnormal presentation of both air & fluid in the pleural spaces. Even though the knowledge of hydropneumothorax dates back to ancient Greece, not many cases are documented in national & international journals. Aim – To study the clinical presentation, etiological diagnosis and management of patients of hydropneumothorax. Materials & Methods – patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata between January 2019 and January 2020 were prospectively studied. Detailed history and clinical examination were recorded. Blood, pleural fluid, sputum examinations....

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Abstract: Although implants are replacing removable and fixed dental prostheses but their healing period is making patients to wait till implants are loaded with definitive prosthesis. It is nightmare for patients who are esthetically concerned to wait for months to get anterior tooth replaced. In such situations temporary prostheses are playing crucial role. Patients having anterior tooth lost and diastema in other anterior teeth can be treated with implant supported prosthesis and veneers to close diastema respectively which is definitive treatment. Temporary prostheses in such case gives a visual picture to patient of esthetic smile designing till he/she get definitive prosthesis. This temporary prosthesis also serves function and......

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Abstract: Introduction: HIV virus may cause adnexal, anterior segment, posterior segment or neuro ophthalmic manifestations. Prevalence of these manifestations shows an inverse relationship with CD4 count. This study depictsthat Indian population showsophthalmic manifestations similar to western studies in relation to HAART era. AIM: The aim of this study is to report the ophthalmic manifestations in Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) patients on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) and their association with CD4 count. METHODS: Hundred diagnosed,adult patients of HIV, all on HAART, were included in the study. These patients were divided in two groups on the basis of their CD4 count. Group 1 included 50 patients with CD4 count ≥ 200 cells/μl and Group 2 included 50 patients with CD4 count < 200 cells/ μl. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination.....

Key Words: Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV), Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), Cytomegalo Virus retinitis (CMV retinitis)

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Abstract: Schwannoma is a benign encapsulated tumor that arises from Schwann cells that form the myelin sheath around myelinated peripheral axons. Tumors are usually solitary and grow to a large size before undergoing notable degenerative changes. The term "ancient schwannoma" is used to describe a schwannoma that has undergone changes such as relative loss of Antoni Type A tissue, perivascular hyalinization, calcification, cystic necrosis, hemorrhage and the presence of degenerative nuclear changes. A case of Ancient Schwannoma of parapharyngeal space in a 28 year- old female is presented here.

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Abstract: Background: Variation in prevalence of H. pylori infection observed in different geographic areas across time suggests that prevalence is influenced by living conditions too. Environmental factors play a role in the pattern of gastritis, most predominant being diet. This study was undertaken to analyze the various factors causing H. pylori infection and its rate. Aims:To study the risk factors and incidence of H. pylori infection among rural population undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Settings and Design: This study is carried out in a tertiary care centre from May 2018 to November 2018 Methods and Materials:.....

Key Words: H.pylori ,Risk factors, endoscopy..

Key Messages : This study shows that H.pylori infection is prevalent in rural areas of Wayanad and this might be related to the life style of people here. An active life style with proper diet might change the scenario. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment can reduce the morbidity and mortality.

[1]. Brown LM, Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission. Epidemiol Rev. 2000; 22(2):283-97.
[2]. Foroutan M, Loloei B, Irvani S and Azargashb E. Accuracy of Rapid Urease Test in Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients Using NSAIDs. Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology; 2010. 16(2) 110-112.
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[4]. Mohammad Asim, R. C. Helicobacter pylori Induces ERK-dependent Formation of a Phospho-c-Fos·c-Jun Activator Protein-1 Complex That Causes Apoptosis in Macrophages. The Journal of Biological chemistry 2010 ;285(26):20343-20357.

Abstract: Our aim was to study factors predicting outcome of patients with obstructive anuria. 95 patients with obstructive anuria were evaluated over 10 years for following factors: Age, duration of anuria, co-morbid conditions, Hemoglobin<12g%, Serum creatinine, WBC count>12000, urine culture, hyperkalemia, acidosis, previous history of calculus disease, presence of sepsis, need for dialysis and post obstructive diuresis. Patients known to have CKD were excluded from the study. Commonest cause was Ureteric/PUJ calculi (69/95) followed by pelvic malignancies (24/95). 65/95 patients were between 40-60 years. 52 patients presented after 48 hours of anuria. 41/95 were diabetic. 6 patients had previous history of calculus disease. 50 patients presented with sepsis.....

Key Words: Anuria, Predictive factors, DJ stenting, nephrostomy

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[4]. Lian˜ o F, Pascual J. Epidemiology of acute renal failure: a prospective, multicenter, community-based study Madrid Acute Renal Failure Study Group. Kidney Int 1996;50:811–8.
[5]. Ahmed Harraz, Mohamed Zahran,Hossam Nabeeh, Kirolos Nazmi, Hesham Orban, Mahmoud Laimon, Ahmed Shokeir. Factors predicting recoverability of renal function after relief of obstructive uropathy secondary to benign diseases: Does the method of drainage matter? The Journal Of Urology, Vol. 191, No. 4S, Supplement, May 2014.

Abstract:List of Contents
1. Definition (of ovarian torsion).
2. Clinical features of ovarian torsion.
3. Epidemiological features.
4. Pathophysiological features.
5. Predisposition conditions (for causing Torsion).

.....

Abstract: Background: Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA) is one of the dilemmas faced by Paediatricians and most regional studies revealed a lack of finance as the major reason. The objective is to determine the trend of Paediatric DAMA at a tertiary center in southern Nigeria over a ten-year period, the reasons for DAMA and also identify the impact, if any, of the state health insurance scheme and hospital fees waiver on the prevalence of DAMA.
Materials and methods: This was a ten-year retrospective analysis of all DAMA at the children emergency ward of theNiger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), Socio-demographics, diagnosis, duration of hospital stay, reasons for DAMA, utilization of health insurance and impact of hospital fees waiver were sought. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics....

Key Words: Paediatrics, Discharge against medical advice, Trend, Ten years,Health Insurance

[1]. Alfandre DJ. "I'm going home": Discharges against medical advice. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009; 84: 255-260.
[2]. Saarni SI, Halila R, Palmu P, Vanska J. Ethically problematic treatment decisions in different medical specialties. J Med Ethics 2008; 34: 262-267.
[3]. Owa AJ, Adesami TA. Medical ethics and professional responsibility. In: Azubuike JC, Nkanginieme KEO. Paediatrics and child health in a tropical region. 3rd ed. Lagos: Educational Printing and Publishing; 2017: 68-72.
[4]. Opara P, Eke G. Discharge against medical advice amongst neonates admitted into a Special Care Baby Unit in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Internet J PediatrNeonatol. 2010; 40: 12-15.
[5]. Onankpa BO, Ali T, Abolodje E. A study on prevalence of discharge against medical advice in a tertiary care hospital in Nigeria. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2014; 3: 297-301..

Abstract: Water expandable root canal obturation system has been introduced in endodontics as an alternative to traditional gutta percha based system to obtain an impervious seal. It has properties desirable for root canal obturation such as adhesion to dentin, self- sealing ability based on polymer technology. The most recent advancement in endodontic obturating materials takes advantage of the hydrophilic polymer and the concept of monoblock system in root canal obturation with an aim to improve the marginal seal. Since, its introduction, water expandable root canal obturation system has been widely reported to be successful in endodontic therapy. This article aims to provide a brief overview of this new material based on recent scientificstudies.

Key Words: Hydrophilic, C-points, Smartpaste bio, obturation, Root canal

[1]. Bansode PV, Pathak SD, Wavdhane MB, Kale D. Obturating materials present and past: A review. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2018;17:27-33.
[2]. Hegde V, Arora S. Fracture resistance of roots obturated with novel hydrophilic obturation systems. JCD. 2015 May;18(3):261
[3]. Highgate DJ, Lloyd JA, inventors; Dental Root Filling Products Ltd, assignee. Expandable/contractable composition for surgical or dental use. United States patent US 7,210,935. 2007 May 1.
[4]. Heggade V, Bhandary S, Naik R, Damda A. IntelligentMaterial: the essence of smart materials. Int J Appl Dent Sci. 2016;2:7-10.
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Abstract: Traumatic dental injuries are among the main causes of emergency treatment in dentistry and occur frequently as a result of adverse incidents such as falls, traffic accidents, impact sports, and fights.Horizontal root fractures are rare in comparison to other types of traumatic dental injuries and the reported prevalence is between 0.5% to 7%. Case report: Thiscase report describes a case of complicated horizontal root fracture at the middle third of maxillary right central incisor for 8 years. The fractured root fragments of the upper right central incisor were united with the help of a glass fiber post after receiving an endodontic treatment. Conclusion; During a one year of follow-up evaluation, the root-fractured tooth of the present patient iswell retained in the arch, showing periodontal healing, even after endodontic treatment.

Key Words: Horizontal root fracture, Glass fiber post, Biodentine, Traumatic dental injuries.

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[3]. Versiani MA, de Sousa CJ, Cruz-Filho AM, Perez DE, Sousa-Neto MD. Clinical management and subsequent healing of teeth with horizontal root fractures. Dent Traumatol.2008; 24:136-9.
[4]. V. P. D. Westphalen, M. H. De Sousa, U. X. Da Silva Neto, L. F. Fariniuk, and E. Carneiro, "Management of horizontal root fractured teeth: report of three cases," Dental Traumatol.2008;24,(4):pp. e11–e15.
[5]. International Association of Dental Traumatology, Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries, 2014, http:// www.dentaltraumaguide.org/.