iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2020

Abstract: Introduction: A variable morphology is found in the glenoid cavity which is also regarded as the scapular head. The glenoid rim presents a notch in its antero-superior portion, due to which different types of glenoid cavity such as pear shaped, oval, or inverted comma are identified. To analyze the morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the Glenoid cavity of Scapula in 108 dry human Scapulae and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods: The study was conducted on 108 dry adult human scapulae of unknown age and sex with a view to elucidate the morphological and Morphometric details. Various shapes and dimensions of the glenoid cavity were observed and compared with the previous studies.....

Keywords: Glenoid cavity, Scapula, Morphometry, Prosthesis

[1]. Coskun N, Karoali K, Cevikol C, Demirel MB, Sindel M. Anatomical basis and variations of the Scapula in Turkish adults. Saudi Medical Journal. 2006; 27(9): 1320-25.
[2]. Johnson D. Pectoral Girdle, Shoulder region and Axilla. In: Standring S, Borley NR, Collins P, Crossman AR, Gatzoulis MA, Healy JC, et al, editors. Gray's Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 40th ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2013;791-822.
[3]. Standarding S. Gray's anatomy. The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 41th ed. London: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2016; 803,813.
[4]. Breatnach A S Frazers; Anatomy of the human skeleton 6th Edition London J and A Churchill Ltd 1965; pp 63-70.
[5]. Prescher A and Klumpen T.; The glenoid notch and its relation to the shape of glenoid cavity of the Scapula J Anat 1977; 190: 457- 460.

Abstract: Necrotizing fasciitis [NF] describes a variety of rare necrotizing soft tissue infection characterized by rapidly spreading inflammation and necrosis of the fascia, the subcutaneous tissue, the skin, including the muscles when treatment is delayed. It is critical that NF be differentiated from other skin infections due to its rapid progression and high risk of mortality. This study emphasizes to find various etiology, predisposing factors, treatment modalities and most importantly the search for a tool that reliably and rapidly identifies patients with NF and helps to decide for earlier effective therapy to modify clinical outcome. Material & Methods : The study was done at RIMS, Ranchi.....

Keywords: Necrotizing fasciitis, LRINEC

[1]. A Richard "Sal" Salcido, MD, Necrotizing Fasciitis: Reviewing the Causes and Treatment Strategies, advances in skin & wound care vol.20 no.5, May 2007 288-93.
[2]. Tsai CC, Lin SD, Lai CS, et al. A clinical analysis of necrotiizing fasciitis: a review of 54 cases. GaoxiongYiXueKeXueZaZhi. 1995;11:673-677.
[3]. Conly J. Soft tissue infections. In: Hall JB, Schmidt GA, Wood LDH, et al, eds. Principles of Critical Care. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1992; 1325-34.
[4]. Sawyer MD, Dunn DL: Serious bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues .CurrOpin Infect Dis, 1995, 8:293.
[5]. Green RJ, Dafoe DC, Raffin TA. Necrotizing Fasciitis. CHEST 1996. 110:219-29..

Abstract: Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the major cause of pregnancy related deaths, pregnancy complications and foetal complications in India. Objectives: The Objective of the study is to Grade the hypertensive changes in the pregnancy using Maternal Fundus photography, and evaluate the fetal outcome. Methods: Hypertensive retinal changes in 50 pregnant pre-eclamptic or with hypertension disorders of pregnancy presenting to tertiary care hospital, M.L.B. Medical college, Jhansi were classified using Keith-Wagner-Barker classification by employing Fundus photography as the diagnostic tool, and data collection. Adverse maternal and fetal complications registered.....

Keywords: eclampsia, pre-eclamptic, hypertension, pregnancy complications.

[1]. Abalos, E., Cuesta, C., Carroli, G., Qureshi, Z., Widmer, M., Vogel, J. et al. (2014) Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. BJOG 121(Suppl. 1) [2]. Barton JR, O'brien JM, Bergauer NK, Jacques DL, Sibai BM. Mild gesta tional hypertension remote from term: progression and outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;184(5):979–983. [3]. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Alessia Mammaro, Sabina Carrara, Alessandro Cavaliere, Santina Ermito, Angela Dinatale, Elisa Maria Pappalardo, Mariapia Militello and RosaPedata PMCID: PMC3279097 PMID: 22439030 [4]. Effects of fish oil supplementation in late pregnancy on blood pressure: a randomised controlled trial. Salvig JD,Olsen SF,Secher NJ Br J Obstet Gynaecol.1996 Jun;103(6):529-33. [5]. Diagnosis and management of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Sibai BM, Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jul; 102(1):181-92..

Abstract: Background: In this retrospective study, conservative and operative managements of acute appendicitis were evaluated regarding their safety, complications and cost effectiveness. Methods: We have undertaken an observational, retrospective study of patients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of acute appendicitis, treated in our hospital between January 2015 and January 2020. A study group of 60 patients with acute appendicitis underwent conservative treatment. One hundred and six patients who underwent emergency appendicectomy during the same period constituted the control group. Routine follow-up was done on the 7th day, at the 1st and 3rd months and at the first year after discharge in both the groups. Both groups were compared regarding age, gender, mean hospital stay, modified Alvarado score, morbidity, mortality, and cost effectiveness.....

Keywords: Acute appendicitis, Antibiotics, Appendicectomy,Alavardo score.

[1]. Coldrey E. Five years of conservative treatment of acute appendicitis. J Int Coll Surg1959; 32: 255–261.
[2]. Tingstedt B, Johansson J, Nehez L, Andersson R. Late abdominal complaints after appendectomy – readmissions during long-term follow-up. Dig Surg 2004; 21: 23–27.
[3]. Andersson RE. Small bowel obstruction after appendicectomy. Br J Surg 2001; 88: 1387–1391.
[4]. Blomqvist PG, Andersson RE, Granath F, LambeMP, Ekbom AR. Mortality after appendectomy in Sweden, 1987–1996. Ann Surg 2001; 233: 455–460.
[5]. Andersson RE. The natural history and traditional management of appendicitis revisited: spontaneous resolution and predominance ofprehospital perforations implythatacorrectdiagnosisismoreimportantthananearly diagnosis. World J Surg 2007; 31: 86–92.

Abstract: BACKGROUND & AIMS: Remdesivir is a broad spectrum antiviral drug that has shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 invitro. In the absence of other effective treatments for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, remdesivir has been tried for compassionate use in the same. Many new randomised controlled studies have shown mixed results. We aimed to systematically search the literature to understand the pharmacology and clinical effects of remdesivir on COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We systematically searched the ClinicalTrial.org, Pubmed and MedRxiv database uptil April 30, 2020 using specific keywords such as 'Remdesivir', GS-5374 and SARS-CoV-2. We retrieved all the articles published in English language,.....

Keywords: Remdesivir, SARS-CoV-2, COVID 19, GS-5734 The current EUA guidelines permit the use of Remdesivir for severe COVID-19 patients (Table 1) in hospital settings.

[1]. Lo M.K., Jordan R., Arvey A. GS-5734 and its parent nucleoside analog inhibit filo-, pneumo-, and paramyxoviruses. Sci Rep. 2017;7:43395. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [2]. Sheahan T.P., Sims A.C., Graham R.L. Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [3]. Agostini M.L., Andres E.L., Sims A.C., Graham R.L., Sheahan T.P., Lu X. Coronavirus susceptibility to the antiviral remdesivir (GS-5734) is mediated by the viral polymerase and the proofreading exoribonuclease. mBio. 2018;9 doi: 10.1128/mBio.00221-18. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [4]. Summary on compassionate use remdesivir Gilead. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/other/summary-compassionate-use-remdesivir-gilead_en.pdf (Accessed May 5, 2020) [5]. Mulangu S., Dodd L.E., Davey R.T., Jr. A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:2293–2303. [PubMed] [Google Scholar].

Abstract: In the maxillofacial skeleton, mandible is commonly fractured due to its prominent position and the pattern of mandibular fractures varies from one place to another. The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the patterns of mandibular fractures in RIMS,IMPHAL,MANIPUR with similar studies in rest of the world. Patients and methods: The data were collected from the records of patients who reported in Department of Emergency and General Practice and in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, DENTAL COLLEGE,RIMS IMPHAL,MANIPUR between 2016 and 2018. The site of fractures, age and sex of patient, etiology of trauma, monthly variation were analyzed.....

Key words: Pattern, Mandibular fractures, Retrospective study

[1]. Hogg NJV, Stewart TC, Armstrong HEA, Girotti MJ (2000) Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997. J Trauma 49:425–432
[2]. Gassner R, Tuli T, Hächl O, Rudisch A, Ulmer H (2003) Cranio-maxillofacial trauma: a 10 year review of 9543 cases with 21,067 injuries. J CranioMaxillofacSurg 31:51–61
[3]. Lawoyin DO, Lawoyin JO, Lawoyin TO. Fractures of the facial skeleton in Tabuk North West Armed Forces Hospital. A five year review. African J Med & Med Sci 1996; 25: 385-7.
[4]. Abbas I, Ali K, Mirza YB. Spectrum of mandibular fractures at a tertiary care dental hospital in Lahore. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2003; 15: 12-14
[5]. G.B. Ananth Kumar, VikasDhupar, Francis Akkara, S. Praveen Kumar :Patterns of Maxillofacial Fractures in Goa. J of maxillofacial and oral surgery : october 2013.

Abstract: RECIST CRITERIA Updated Version1.1 In 2009 came up With Major Changes techniques to evaluate solid tumors by using criteria, with From Classification Of Measurements Based On Target & Non Target Lesions ,Short Axis Diameter (Lymph Nodes)Assessing Of Lesions Size Unidimentional.Objective Of These Literature Is To Focus On Use Of Criteria In Assessment Of Solid Tumors In Clinical Trials, Measuring the area of cancer on a scan before and after treatment, to see how much it's altered ,Evaluating by Complete response,Partial response, Progressive disease ,stable disease in target & non target lesions. While RECIST 1.1 Recommends Lymph Nodes Measured In Short Axis As Short Axis Measurement More Reproducible & Pedictive Of Malignancy.Detection of new lesion......

Keywords: Tumor response,Target lesion,New lesion appearence,progressive disease

[1]. .https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/find-a-clinical-trial/clinical-trial-results/how-clinical-trial-results-are-used
[2]. https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/stages-cancer
[3]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5728928/CT diagnosis and differentiation of benign and malignant varieties of solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura Xiaofang You, MD,a Xiwen Sun, MD,a Chunyan Yang, MD,b and Yong Fang, MD
[4]. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/solid-tumor
[5]. RECIST 1.1 – Update and Clarification: From the RECIST Committee.

Abstract: Background: Basically, the Whipple's procedure also known as pancreaticoduodenectomy is an operation to remove the head of the pancreas, the first part of the small intestine (duodenum), the gallbladder and the bile duct. The Whipple's procedure is the most common operation for periampullary neoplasms like distal bile duct cancer, ampullary cancer, duodenal cancer and also in chronic pancreatitis involving head, pancreatic injury and some benign lesions in pancreaticoduodenal junction. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Whipple's procedure in Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Liver Transplant Surger, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and several private hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period....

Keywords: Whipple's operation, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Pancreatic cancer, Gastrojejunostomy

[1]. Seppänen, H., et al,T. (2016). The Results of Pancreatic Resections and Long-Term Survival for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Single-Institution Experience. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery : SJS : Official Organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society. http://doiorg/10.1177/1457496 916645963
[2]. Kimura, W., &Ohtsubo, K. (1988). Incidence, sites of origin, and immunohistochemical and histochemical characteristics of atypical epithelium and minute carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. Cancer, 61(7), 1394-402. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3422832
[3]. Panzeri, F., Crippa, S., Castelli, P., Aleotti, F., Pucci, A., Partelli, S.,Falconi, M. (2015). Management of ampullary neoplasms: A tailored approach between endoscopy and surgery. World Journal of Gastroenterology,21 (26), 7970–87. http://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i26.797
[4]. Cloyd, J. M., George, E., &Visser, B. C. (2016). Duodenal adenocarcinoma: Advances in diagnosis and surgical management. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 8(3), 212–21. http://doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v8.i3.212

Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to prove the role of the ethanol extract of African leaves (Vernoniaamygdalina) in improving wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic ulcers in rats. Methods: In this study four groups of rats were induced with diabetes using 55 mg/kgBWStreptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally on the first day. All rats with serum glucose levels above 250 mg / dL were then excised on the back. For 16 days, 3 groups of rats were given African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina) at doses of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kgBW. One group was only given aquadest after excision and the other group was excised without STZ injection. On the 17th day surgery was performed, blood and skin tissue samples were taken for histopathological examination.
Results: The ethanol extract of.....

Keywords: Vernonia amygdalina, diabetic ulcer, blood glucose level, wound closure rate,PMN cell infiltration, serum TNF-α.

[1]. Mendes, J. J., & Neves, J. (2012). Diabetic foot infections: current diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Diabetic Foot Complications, 26-45.
[2]. Eyo, J. E., Uzoibiam, B. O., Ogbanya, K. C., & Nnaji, T. O. (2014). Comparative evaluation of wound healing effects of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdaline, and Zingiber officinalis extracts on incision wound model in rats. SILAE, 3, 44-50.
[3]. Asante, D. B., Effah-Yeboah, E., Barnes, P., Abban, H. A., Ameyaw, E. O., Boampong, J. N., & Dadzie, J. B. (2016). Antidiabetic effect of young and old ethanolic leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina: A comparative study. Journal of diabetes research, 2016.
[4]. Ong, K. W., Hsu, A., Song, L., Huang, D., & Tan, B. K. H. (2011). Polyphenols-rich Vernonia amygdalina shows anti-diabetic effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 133(2), 598-607.
[5]. Michael, U. A., David, B. U., Theophine, C. O., Philip, F. U., Ogochukwu, A. M., & Benson, V. A. (2010). Antidiabetic effect of combined aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina and metformin in rats. Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy, 1(3), 197.