iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2022

Abstract: Purpose- To study the tolerability and adherence to the dose dense chemotherapy in high risk breast cancer patients from India. Patients and Methods- It was a retrospective data with single center experience of dose dense chemotherapy in high risk breast cancers (BC) like , triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive BC with size equal or above 0.5cm , Hormone positive BC of size above 5cm, >= 1 regional lymph node positive tumors. Four cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by 4 cycles of sequential paclitaxel (T) were given in 2 weekly schedules. The toxicity profile and adherence to the treatment were analyzed........

[1]. Globocon 2020 https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/356-india-fact...Sheet
[2]. www.breastcancerindia.net.
[3]. https://www.cancer.org/.../breast-cancer-survival-rates.html.
[4]. Real-World Experience of Treating Young Adult Patients with Breast Cancer from a Single Center in Southern India Priya Iyer , Venkatraman Radhakrishnan , DOI https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735481 ISSN 2278-330X .
[5]. Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC): Real-World Outcome of Patients From Cancer Institute, Chennai Manikandan Dhanushkodi, Velusamy Sridevi, Viswanathan Shanta DOI: 10.1200/GO.21.00001.

Abstract: Permanent maxillary canine are the most frequently impacted teeth next to third molar. Palatal impaction are more common than the buccal impaction. Early detection of these ectopically placed canine is crucial, so as to prevent several consequences such as adjacent root resorption particularly lateral incisors. With the advent of 3D CBCT the localization of impacted canine has become easier and accurate. Based on the radiographic evaluation, the severity of ectopically placed canine is assessed and appropriate treatment option is selected. The management alternatives are described in depth, as well as the indications for each treatment options based on scientific data. Finally, the unfavourable consequences of canine ectopia are discussed.

KEY WORDS: Ectopic canine, Impacted canine

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Abstract: Background Vasculitis is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of vessel walls. Because of the rich vasculature the skin is prone to be frequently affected in vasculitis. Cutaneous involvement in vasculitis may be primary or reflector of a fatal systemic disease or evidence of association with some other systemic diseases. The purpose of our study was to assess the clinical profile and etiology of cutaneous vasculitis. Besides the study also illustrated treatment modalities. Such type of studies are rare in the literature......

Keywords: Vasculitis, Purpura, Hypersensitivity vasculitis, Drugs, Histopathology

[1]. Carlson JA, Bernard T Ng, Chen KR. Cutaneous Vasculitis Update 2006: Diagnostic Criteria, Classification, Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Evaluation and Prognosis. Am J Dermatopathol 2005;27:504-28.
[2]. Stone JH, Nousari HC. Essential cutaneous vasculitis: What every rheumatologist should know about vasculitis of skin. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2001;13:23-34.
[3]. McLaren JS, McRorie ER, Luqmani RA. Diagnosis and assessment of systemic vasculitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002;20:854-62.
[4]. Stein A, Hackert I, Meurer M. Histology of cutaneous vasculitides. Hautarzt. 2008 Apr 17. [Epub ahead of print].
[5]. Gupta S, Handa S, Kanwar AJ et al. Cutaneous vasculitides: Clinico-pathological correlation. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009;75:356-62.

Abstract: Introduction: Empyema thoracis can produce significant morbidity in children if inadequately treated[1,2]. Correct evaluation of the stage of the disease, the clinical condition of the child and proper assessment of the response to conservative treatment is crucial in deciding the mode of further surgical intervention. Material & Methods: The present hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Government General Hospital, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. Study period was from August 2017 to May 2022. chest x-ray and axial non contrast computerized tomography (CT) were done in all the patients. All the patients underwent thoracoscopic decortication. Results: Analysed our experience with thoracoscopic decortication in the management of empyema thoracis in children.....

Keywords: empyema thoracis, decortication, thoracoscopy.

[1]. Anstadt MP, Guill CK, Ferguson ER, Gordon HS, Soltero ER, Beall AC Jr, et al. Surgicalversus nonsurgical treatment of empyema thoracis: an outcomes analysis. Am J Med Sci 2003; 326:9–14.
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[4]. Shankar KR, Kenny SE, Okoye BO, CartyHM, Lloyd DA, Losty PD. Evolving experience in the management of empyema thoracis. Acta Paediatr 2000; 89:417–20.
[5]. Meier AH, Smith B, Raghavan A, Moss RL,Harrison M, Skarsgard E. Rational treatment of empyema in children. Arch Surg 2000;135:907–12.

Abstract: Cerebral palsy is the commonest cause of spasticity and physical disability in children and spasticity is one of the most common problems in those with neurological disease. The management of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy requires a multidisciplinary team effort at the earliest. There are various treatment options available for the management of spasticity. This article reviews the variety of options available for the management of spasticity in children with Cerebral Palsy.

Key Words: Cerebral Palsy, Spasticity , Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Constraint Induced Movement Therapy, Artificial Muscle Power

[1]. Primary Care of the Child With Chronic Condition Second ed; Patricia Luddter Jackson and JudithA.237
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[5]. A motor releasing program for Cerebral Palsy .Janet H Carr and Roberta B Shepherd: 2nd ed.

Abstract: Background: Epidural blood patch has been the gold standard for the treatment of PDPH since the beginning. Alternative minimally invasive methods like greater occipital nerve block and sphenopalatine ganglion block in the treatment of PDPH might reduce the adverse effects and allow bedside intervention in treating patients. Primary aim is to compare the efficacy between the two techniques. Methods: 32 patients with PDPH belonging to ASA I and II were included in the study. They were randomly allocated into Group S and Group O, 16 in each group. Group S received sphenopalatine ganglion block 3ml mixture of lignocaine 2% 2ml with 4mg dexamethasone......

Key Words: Post-Dural puncture headache, Sphenopalatine ganglion nerve block, Greater occipital nerve block.

[1]. Youssef HA, Abdel-Ghaffar HS, Mostafa MF, Abbas YH, Mahmoud AO, Herdan RA. Sphenopalatine Ganglion versus Greater Occipital Nerve Blocks in Treating Post-Dural Puncture Headache after Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Pain Physician. 2021;11.
[2]. Puthenveettil N, Rajan S, Mohan A, Paul J, Kumar L. Sphenopalatine ganglion block for treatment of post-dural puncture headache in obstetric patients: An observational study. Indian J Anaesth. 2018 Dec;62(12):972–7.
[3]. G. Niraj, Aditi Kelkar, Vandana Girotra, Greater occipital nerve block for postdural puncture headache (PDPH): A prospective audit of a modified guideline for the management of PDPH and review of the literature, Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, Volume 26, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 539-544, ISSN 0952-8180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2014.03.006.

Abstract: Objective:To analyse the results of management of nasal obstruction (nasal turbinectomy(NT) and nasal medical treatment) on obesity Design: Prospective study of chronic nasal obstruction (CNO) in 40 obese patients between December 2021 and May 2022, 28 Females and 12 Males ,their age range was 21-54 years(Y) , with a mean age of 31.2 Y and their range of duration of nasal obstruction (NO) was 1-20 Y, with a mean duration of NO was 6.2 Y and their range of duration of Obesity (Ob) was 2-22 Y, with a mean duration of Ob 7.1 Y with their range of Mass index.....

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Abstract: Thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet count) is encountered in 7-12% of pregnancies. Now a days, Women are commonly diagnosed with platelet disorders during pregnancy since screening is done with automated blood counts. Thrombocytopenia can result from a wide range of conditions with several of them being pregnancy related. The incidence of gestational throm- bocytopenia is 5-11% and accounts for more than 70% of cases of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Pregnancy is associated with physiological and pathological changes in platelet numbers.....

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Abstract: La cataracte secondaire est une complication fréquente de la chirurgie de cataracte, son traitement repose sur la capsulotomie au laser. La capsulotomie au laser YAG est une technique sure et efficace, mais comportant des risques. Le but de ce travail est d'analyser les complications liées à la capsulotomie au laser Nd-YAG..

[1]. Wormstone IM. Posterior capsule opacification: a cell biological perspective. Exp Eye Res. 2002; 74:337–347
[2]. Karahan E, Tuncer I, Zengin MO. The Effect of ND: YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy Size on Refraction, Intraocular Pressure, and Macular Thickness. J Ophthalmol. 2014; 2014:846385. doi: 10.1155/2014/846385. PMID: 24724016.
[3]. MacEwen CJ, Dutton GN, Holding D. Angle closure following Neodymium-YAG (Nd-YAG) laser capsulotomy in the Aphakic Eye. Br J Ophthalmol. 1985 Oct; 69(10):795–6. PMID: 3840385.
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[5]. Lin JC, Katz LJ, Spaeth GL, Klancnik JM. Intraocular pressure control after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in eyes with glaucoma. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2008 Sep-Oct; 71(5):706–10. PMID: 19039468.

Abstract: Background: A common procedure at the end of every major abdominal surgery includes placing a drain, commonly two drains are placed . Roman sandals is the most commonly used technique for abdominal drain fixation. This studyis done to determine the efficacy of Modified Jo' burg technique in fixing abdominal drains, which was introduced for fixation of Inter Costal Drains(ICD). Materials and Methods: Patients who fulfil the inclusion criteria will be recruited for the study after obtaining informed written consent from the patient. A pilot study was done with 15 patients & the results were analysed. Results: Among the 15 study participants there were.......

Key Words: abdominal drains, Modified Jo' burg, Roman sandals, secure

[1]. Ablett DJ, Navaratne L, Chua D, et al The modified 'Jo'burg' technique for securing intercostal chest drains BMJ Military Health 2017;163:319-323.
[2]. A new adaptation for a secure surgical drain placement and a comparison with four common drain fixation methods L Heskin1, V Cahill2, G Filobbos3, P Regan4, ST O'Sullivan1, K Bryan2
[3]. Securing drains: the clinch knot https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2005.02.009 5.Ringel Y, Haberfeld O, Kremer R, et al Intercostal chest drain fixation strength: comparison of techniques and sutures BMJ Mil Health 2021;167:248-250..

Abstract: Total knee replacement has an established place in treatment of degenerative knee disease and is considered to be an effective intervention to relieve pain and improve mobility1. There is no consensus regarding preservation or removal of posterior cruciate ligament in primary total knee arthroplasty2. Depending on the surgeon's preference, the posterior cruciate ligament can be retained or sacrificed and a posterior stabilizing prosthesis with a cam can be......

[1]. Woolhead GM, Donovan JL, Dieppe PA. Outcomes of total knee replacement: a qualitative study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(8):1032-1037.
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[3]. Thippanna RK, Mahesh P, Kumar MN. PCL-retaining versus PCL-substituting TKR - Outcome assessment based on the "forgotten joint score". J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2015;6(4):236-239.
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[5]. Tanzer M, Smith K, Burnett S. Posterior-stabilized versus cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty: balancing the gap. J Arthroplasty. 2002;17(7):813-819..

Abstract: ONE OF THE MOST DIFFICULT PROBLEMS TO TREAT IN MIXED DENTITION IS CLASS III MALOCCLUSION" -Grabber, Vanarsdal1. There is always a dilemma about the right age to start treatment, appliance chosen for treatment or whether it will be a one phase or two phase treatment module. This article will act as a guide to answer the above quarries and also to choose between surgical or non-surgical procedure....

Key Words: classIII, diagnosis, age, appliances used, mini screw, bone screw

[1]. Dentofacial orthopaedics with functional appliances by Graber and Petrovic.
[2]. Classification of Angle Class III malocclusion and its treatment modalities Petit and Baik (Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg 2001;16:19–29).
[3]. ESTHETICS and BIOMECHANICS in ORTHODONTICS Second Edition Ravindra Nanda
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