iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2022

Abstract: Background: Alcohol(Ethanol) is known to cause harmful effects to body. According to World Health Organization (WHO), harmful use of alcohol accounts for 5.3% of all deaths worldwide.1 Excessive consumption of alcohol significantly increases morbidity and mortality from hepatic, cardiovascular, pancreatic, brain, renal and oncological diseases.2Of all deaths attributable to alcohol consumption 19% is attributed to cardiovascular diseases.1 Numerous cardiac diseases are directly or indirectly attributed to alcohol use more so in chronic usage. The amount of alcohol and duration of its usage are independent risk factors for liver cirrhosis and also cardiac abnormalities. Consumption........

Keyword: alcohol, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, dilated cardiomyopathy

[1]. World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: WorldHealthOrganization,2018.Available:http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/112736/1/9789240692763_eng.pdf
[2]. Gramenzi A, Caputo F, Biselli M, Kuria F, Loggi E, Andreone P, et al. Review article: alcoholic liver disease--pathophysiological aspects and risk factors. Aliment PharmacolTher. 2006;24(8):1151-61.
[3]. Hoffman B, Moebus S. European Association for the Study of Liver. EASL clinical practical guidelines: management of alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol. 2012;57(10):399–420.
[4]. Møller S, Bernardi M. Interactions of the heart and the liver. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(9):2804–11.
[5]. Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Donati MB, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G. Wine, beer or spirit drinking in relation to fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2011;26(11):833-50..

Abstract: Background: The CNS tumours have become one among the leading cause of cancer death in the present days. This study was conducted with an objective of correlating the clinical features with histopathological characteristics of the primary CNS tumours and to classified the primary CNS tumors based on World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 classification. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 cases of primary central nervous system tumors were studied retrospectively over the period from July 2020 to Dec 2021 in Pathology department of Smt. N.H.L. medical college.Data regarding clinical presentation of all cases were collected and Histopathological diagnosis was correlated with clinical diagnosis.......

KEY WORDS: CNS Tumors, Histopathological subtypes, Incidence

[1]. Moliah N, Baki A,Afzal N, Hossen A. Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Brain Tumor.BSMMU J 2010;3(2):68-71
[2]. Patty ISH. Central Nervous System Tumors -A clinicopathologicalstudy.JDohukUniv 2008;11(1):173-180.
[3]. Kerr PB,Caputy AJ, Horwitz NH.A history of cerebral localization.Neurosurg Focus 2005;18(4).
[4]. Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Figarella-Branger D, Cavenee WK, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Kleihues P, Ellison DV. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016 Jun;131(6):803-20, do: 10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1. Epub 2016 May 9. PMID: 27157931

Abstract: Background: Pseudo exfoliation syndrome is one of the most common identifiable causes of open-angle glaucoma worldwide. Raised Intra ocular pressure (IOP) is the only known causal risk factor for glaucoma development, which can be therapeutically manipulated. The IOP measurement's accuracy can be affected by Central corneal thickness (CCT) as variations in corneal thickness can change the cornea's resistance to indentation. Therefore, a special emphasis must be given in the measurement of CCT in patients with pseudo exfoliation syndrome for early diagnosis of developing glaucoma. Materials and Methods: In......

KEY WORDS: Central corneal thickness, Intraocular pressure, Pseudo exfoliation syndrome, Glaucoma, Normal subjects.

[1]. Kanski JJ, Brad B. Clinical ophthalmology. A systemic approach. 7thedn. China: Elsevier Saunders, 2011:355-356.
[2]. Shields MB. Clinical epidemiology of Glaucoma: In Allingham RR, Damji KF, Freedman S, et al. Shield's textbook of glaucoma. 6th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2011:248-261.
[3]. KrishnadasR, NirmalanPK, Ramakrishnan R, et al. Pseudo exfoliation in a rural population of southern India: the Aravind Comprehensive Eye Survey. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003; 135:830–837.
[4]. Arvind H, RajuP, PualPG, et al. Pseudo exfoliation in south India. Br J Ophthalmol. 2003; 87:1321–1323.
[5]. Ritch R, Shields MB, Krupin T. The Glaucoma, 2nd edition. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby; 1996. Vol. 1, 2. pp 407-29, 615-57, 859-74.
[6]. Ehlers N, Hansen FK. On the optical measurement of corneal thickness. Acta Ophthalmol (copenh) 1971;49: 65-81.

Abstract: Over recent months, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been confirmed in millions of people around the world. SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is a major pandemic resulting in substantial mortality and morbidity worldwide. Of the individuals affected, about 80% had mild to moderate disease and among those with severe disease, 5% develop critical illness and life threating sequelae. A few of those who recovered from COVID-19 develop persistent or new symptoms lasting weeks or months; this is called "long COVID", "Long Haulers" or "Post COVID syndrome" [1]. With the ever-increasing number.......

[1]. Sharmin E, Begum S, Afreen S, Islam D, Ahmed SF. Drug used pattern by self-medication among the RT-PCR positive health workers in Dhaka city. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2021;10:1049-55.
[2]. Rao S, Amara V, Chaudhuri S, Rao BK, Todur P. "Post-COVID-19 syndrome:" The new pandemic affecting healthcare workers and how the frontline warriors are battling it. Indian J Palliat Care 2021;27(2):313-8.
[3]. Sunil R, Bhatt MT, Bhumika TV, Thomas N, Puranik A, Chaudhuri S, et al. Weathering the Storm: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical and Nonclinical Healthcare Workers in India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(1):16–20.
[4]. BMJ 2020; 370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3565 (Published 15 September 2020)Cite this as: BMJ 2020;370:m3565
[5]. Tawfik HM, Shaaban HM, Tawfik AM. Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Egyptian Healthcare Staff: Highlighting the Carers Sufferings. Electron J Gen Med 2021;18(3):em291. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/10838

Abstract: Introduction : Adherence to preventive measures must be a lifestyle such as maintaining the wearing of the muzzle in closed places and maintaining cleanliness and sterilization of hands to maintain the health of society and individuals.

[1]. Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV (Red Book, American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018)external icon
[2]. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), CDCexternal icon
[3]. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), WHOexternal icon
[4]. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), CDC
[5]. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), WHOexternal icon

Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected education all over the world, mostly on the medical students as clinical orientation and ward postings with hands-on training are crucial towards the development of basic medical skills. Various methods of online teaching have been adopted in response to this pandemic to maintain the continuity of medical education. Objectives: To measure the practices of online learning of students during the Covid 19 pandemic and to know student perception about the effect of the Covid pandemic on Student Education. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during June -September among undergraduate medical students studying in medical colleges.......

Keywords: Andhra Pradesh, Medical Education, pandemic, student perception, Telangana.

[1]. Chatterjee S. The COVID-19 Pandemic Through the Lens of a Medical Student in India. Int J Med Stud. 2020 Apr 30;8(1):82–3.
[2]. Giliyaru S, Hegde G, Gajjala S, Vemuri O, Azzopardi C, Hurley P, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and medical education. Indian J Med Sci. 2021 May 29;73(1):64–5.
[3]. Reinhart A, Malzkorn B, Döing C, Beyer I, Jünger J, Bosse HM. Undergraduate medical education amid COVID-19: a qualitative analysis of enablers and barriers to acquiring competencies in distant learning using focus groups. Med Educ Online. 2021 Dec;26(1):1940765.
[4]. Jiang Z, Wu H, Cheng H, Wang W, Xie A, Fitzgerald SR. Twelve tips for teaching medical students online under COVID-19. Med Educ Online. 2021 Dec;26(1):1854066.
[5]. Gewin V. Five tips for moving teaching online as COVID-19 takes hold. Nature. 2020 Mar 24;580(7802):295–6.

Abstract: Introduction: Mucormycosis is caused by the mucorale group of fungi. These fungi are ubiquitous. Inhalation of fungal spores is harmless in immunocompetent individuals but can cause life-threatening disease in those who are immunocompromised1. Overlapping with the rise in COVID-19 cases, there was a surge of ROCM in those with active or recent COVID-19 infections. Objectives: The study was aimed to understand the risk factors, the areas of intracranial involvement and the role of neurosurgical interventions in COVID 19 associated ROCM. Materials And Methods: This a retrospective case series analysis conducted in Guntur government hospital, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh from June 2021 to September 2021 in patients presenting to the department of neurosurgery with rhino orbital......

Abbreviations: Rhino Orbital Cerbral Mucormycosis (ROCM), Coronavirus, Acute respiratory syndrome

[1]. Lennon NJ, Bhattacharyya RP, Mina MJ, Rehm HL, Hung DT, Smole S, Woolley A, Lander ES, Gabriel SB. Comparison of viral levels in individuals with or without symptoms at time of COVID-19 testing among 32,480 residents and staff of nursing homes and assisted living facilities in Massachusetts. MedRxiv. 2020 Jan 1.
[2]. Hibbett DS, Binder M, Bischoff JF, Blackwell M, Cannon PF, Eriksson OE, Huhndorf S, James T, Kirk PM, Lücking R, Lumbsch HT. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological research. 2007 May 1;111(5):509-47.
[3]. Mcnulty JS. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: predisposing factors. The Laryngoscope. 1982 Oct;92(10):1140-3.
[4]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Underlying medical conditions associated with high risk for severe COVID-19: information for healthcare providers. May13. 2021 May 13.
[5]. Ranjan R, Sharma A, Verma MK. Characterization of the Second Wave of COVID-19 in India. medRxiv. 2021 Jan 1.

Abstract: Background-Preterm infants often have feeding difficulties lead to morbidity or developmental co-morbidities.PIOMI with Kinesthetic respiratory muscle stimulation has been shown to achieve better physiological stability.Study as planned to analyse effect of this combined protocol on achieving oral motor control and Neurodevelopment as a long term effect. Methodology-A total 113 clinically stable infants from premature care unit, fulfilling inclusion criterion were enrolled. They were allocated in Infants receiving PIOMI (Control group) and infants receiving the new intervention protocol i.e. PIOMI with M technique, Respiratory.........

Key words—Preterm Infants, NOMAS, respiratory muscles, Neurodevelopment

[1]. M.A. Bauer, L.S. Prade, M. Keske-Soares, L.S.B. Haëffner and A.R.M. Weinmann. The oral motor capacity and feeding performance of preterm newborns at the time of transition to oral feeding.:, Braziilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, (2008) 41Vol. 41, pp. 904-907.
[2]. Gaebler CP, Hanzlik, J. R. The effects of a prefeeding stimulation program on preterm infants1996, Am J Occupat Ther., Vol. 50, pp. 184-93.
[3]. BS., Lessen. 2Effect of the premature infant oral motor intervention on feeding progression and length of stay in preterm infants., 2011, Adv Neonat Care, Vol. ;11, pp. 129-39.
[4]. Arora K, Goel S, Manerkar S, Konde N, Panchal H, Hegade D,Mondkar J Prefeeding oromotor stimulation program for improving oromotor function in preterm infants - a randomized controlled trial.. 2018, Indian Pediatr. ., Vol. 55, pp. :675-8.
[5]. AndréJean Brain Stem Control of Swallowing: Neuronal Network and Cellular Mechanisms;.. 2001, ;PhysiologicalReviews:, Vol. 81, pp. 929-969.

Abstract: Epithelial tumors are the most common group of ovarian tumors found in women. Ovarian type papillary serous adenocarcinoma of testis are very rare tumors found in men ranging from benign to malignant potential. There is no consensus regarding the histopathological diagnosis, clinical behavior, chemotherapy response and prognosis due to rarity of these neoplasms. Here we present a rare case of serous papillary adenocarcinoma of testis- ovarian type in a young male.

Keywords: serous papillary adenocarcinoma, testis, ovarian type

[1]. Young RH, Scully RE. Testicular and para testicular tumors and tumor‑like lesions of ovarian common epithelial and Mullerian types. A report of four cases and review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol 1986;86: 146‑52.
[2]. Ulbright TM, Young RH. Primary mucinous tumors of the testis and Para testis: A report of nine cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27: 1221‑8.
[3]. Amin MB. Selected other problematic testicular and para testicular lesions: rete testis neoplasms and pseudotumor, mesothelial lesions and secondary tumors. Mod Pathol 2005;18: S131-45.
[4]. Jones MA, Young RH, Srigley JR, Scully RE. para testicular serous papillary carcinoma, A report of six cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1995;12: 1359-65.
[5]. Sumrall A, Puncky L, Brown A, Thigpen T. Ovarian cancer in a man? Clin Ovarian Cancer 2009; 2:57-9.

Abstract: Background: Epilepsies are the most common chronic disabling neurological conditions. Their average prevalence is estimated at 5 to 8 per 1000 individuals; it is about the same in all countries. Late onset epilepsies are always suspicious and often raise the issue of their etiology, are distinguished by clinical, etiological, prognostic and sometimes even therapeutic specificities. The objective of our study was to determine the history and comorbidity aspects of late epilepsy in the Algerian population. Materials and Methods: The study population includes all Algerian patients whose age of onset of the first seizure is 25 years or more, recruited during the period from January 2008 to December 2016 at ALI AIT IDIR Hospital in Algiers......

Keywords: Late onset, Late epilepsy, Comorbidities, Cardiovascular history

[1]. Fisher RS, Acevedo C, Arzimanoglou A, Bogacz A, Cross JH, Elger CE, Engel J Jr, Forsgren L, French JA, Glynn M, Hesdorffer DC, Lee BI, Mathern GW, Moshé SL, Perucca E, Scheffer IE, Tomson T, Watanabe M, Wiebe S. ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2014, Vol. 55(4) :475-82.
[2]. Andre Oun, Haldre Sulev, Mägi Matt. Prevalence of adult epilepsy in Estonia. Epilepsy Research. 2003, Vol. 52: 233-242.
[3]. Marcelo Rigatti, Trevisol-Bittencourt Paulo Cesar. Causas de epilepsia tardia em uma clinica de epilepsia do estado de Santa Catarina. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1999, Vol. 57(3B): 787-92.
[4]. Anthony Hopkins, Andrea Garman, Charles Clarke. The first seizure in adult life. The lancet. 1988, April.
[5]. GCY Fong, W. Mak, TS. Cheng, KH. Can, JKY. Fong, SL. Ho. A prevalence study of epilepsy in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J. 2003, Vol. 9: 252-7.

Abstract: Background: The concept of epileptic syndrome, defined by the "grouping of a certain number of symptoms and signs appearing together in a constant and not fortuitous manner". These symptoms are variously associated depending on the case. Correspond to the different clinical types of seizures, critical and interictal EEG data and neurological and extraneurological manifestations: age at onset of epilepsy, family and personal history, clinical history, neurological and neuropsychological status, imaging data. The objective of our study was to determine late epileptic syndromes in the Algerian population. Materials and Methods: The study population includes all Algerian patients whose age of onset of the first seizure is 25 years or more,.......

Keywords: Epileptic syndromes, Partial epilepsy, Generalized epilepsy, Symptomatic epilepsy, Cryptogenic epilepsy, Idiopathic epilepsy

[1]. Agnete Mouritzen Dam, Anders Fuglsang-Frederiksen. Late-onset epilepsy: etiologies, types of seizure, and value of clinical investigation, EEG, and computerized tomography scan. Epilepsia.1985, Vol. 26(3), 227-231.
[2]. Andre Oun, Haldre Sulev, Mägi Matt. Prevalence of adult epilepsy in Estonia. Epilepsy Research. 2003, Vol. 52: 233-242.
[3]. Marie-Christine Picot, Michel Baldy-Moulinier, Jean-Pierre Daurès, Pierre Dujols, Arielle Crespel. The prevalence of epilepsy and pharmacoresistant epilepsy in adults: A population-based study in a Western European contry. Epilepsia. 2008, Vol. 49 (7): 1230-1238.
[4]. R. Sridharan, K. Radhakrishnan, P.P. Ashok, and M.E. Mousa. Epidemiological and clinical study of epilepsy in Benghazi, Libya.
[5]. Epilepsia. 1986, Vol. 27(1) : 60-65

Abstract: Background: Epilepsies are the most common chronic disabling neurological conditions. Late-onset epilepsies are always suspicious and often pose the problem of their etiology. It is an epileptic disease whose first epileptic seizure begins from the age of 25 years. Epileptic seizures have variable clinical expressions depending on their partial or generalized type. The objective of our study was to determine the semiology of late seizures in the Algerian population. Materials and Methods: The study population includes all Algerian patients whose age of onset of the first seizure is 25 years or more, recruited during the period from January 2008 to December 2016 at ALI AIT IDIR Hospital in Algiers.......

Keywords: Late epilepsy, Partial seizures, Simple partial seizure, Complex partial seizure, Simple partial secondarily generalized seizure, Complex partial secondarily generalized seizure, Generalized seizure, Generalized Tonic-clonic seizure, Status epilepticus, Convulsive status epilepticus, Nonconvulsive status epilepticus.

[1]. M. Bélaidi, M. Baldy-Moulinier, M. Billard. Anomalies EEG de l'épilepsie tardive. Rev. E.E.G. Neurophysiol. Clin. 1986, Vol.16, 303-309.
[2]. Weber M. Epilepsie de l'adulte : étiologie, diagnostic, évolution, pronostic, traitement. Rev Prat. 1998, Vol. 48 : 1249-55.
[3]. Marie-Christine Picot, Michel Baldy-Moulinier, Jean-Pierre Daurès, Pierre Dujols, Arielle Crespel. The prevalence of epilepsy and pharmacoresistant epilepsy in adults: A population-based study in a Western European contry. Epilepsia. 2008, Vol. 49 (7): 1230-1238.
[4]. Anthony Hopkins, Andrea Garman, Charles Clarke. The first seizure in adult life. The lancet. 1988, April.
[5]. Andre Oun, Haldre Sulev, Mägi Matt. Prevalence of adult epilepsy in Estonia. Epilepsy Research. 2003, Vol. 52: 233-242.