iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2022

Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study is to study the anatomical and functional outcome of epiretinal membrane peeling surgery by evaluating the visual outcomes, comparing the pre and post operative macular thickness and functional changes through electroretinogram. Methods: It is a non-randomized, open labelled, prospective study conducted in a tertiary eye care centre. The anatomical and functional outcome of epiretinal membrane peeling surgery was evaluated by comparing the preoperative BCVA, OCT and ERG with post operative results of the same, at 4 & 12 weeks after the surgery in 25 eyes.......

Key words: Retina, Epiretinal membrane(ERM), Optical coherence tomography(OCT), Electroretinogram(ERG), Central Foveal Thickness(CFT).

[1]. Iwanoff A: Beitragezurnormalen und pathologischenanatommie des auges.Grafes Arch ClinExpOphthalmol 1865; 111135–170.
[2]. Roth AM, Foos RY: Surface wrinkling retinopathy in eyes enucleated atautopsy. Trans Am AcadOphthalmolOtolaryngol 1971; 7511047–1059.
[3]. Francois J, Verbraeken H: Relationship between the drainage of thesubretinal fluid in retinal detachment surgery and the appearance of macularpucker. Ophthalmologica 1979; 1791111–114.
[4]. Tanenbaum HL, Schepens CL, Elzeneiny I, Freeman HM: Macular puckerfollowing retinal detachment surgery. Arch Ophthalmol 1970; 831286–293.
[5]. Hwang JU, Sohn J, Moon BG, Joe SG, Lee JY, Kim JG, Yoon YH.Assessment of macular function for idiopathic epiretinal membranes classified by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jun 14;53(7):3562-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-9762.

Abstract: Background:Class II malocclusion is caused by mandibular deficiency, maxillary overgrowth, or a combination of both. Prompt treatment of a class II malocclusion can eliminate the option of orthognathic surgery or, in more severe cases, reduce the complications of surgery. Maxillary extension and expansion are often used in orthopedic treatments and removable appliances, to guide development during the early growth stages of patients. Case Report: This clinical case addresses the treatment of a 9-year-old patient with skeletal class II with maxillary prognathism............

Key Word: Class II, malocclusion, orthopedic, prognathism, orthodontics, Bimler.

[1]. Singh GD. Morphologic determinants in the etiology of class III malocclusions: a review. Clin Anat. 1999; 12(5):382-405.
[2]. Kapust, A.J. Cephalometric effects of face mask/expansion therapy in Class III children: A comparison of three age groups. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Volume 113, Issue 2, February 1998, Pages 204-212.
[3]. Vaughn GA, Mason B, Moon HB, Turley PK. The effects of maxillary protraction therapy with or without rapid palatal expansion: A prospective, randomised clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005(3); 128:299-309.
[4]. Baccetti, T. Skeletal effects of early treatment of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion and face-mask therapy. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Volume 113, Issue 3, March 1998, Pages 333-343.
[5]. Dávila D, Vazquez A, Ortiz M, et al. Class II division 1 correction with maxillary second premolar extractions. Case report. Mexican Journal of Orthodontics 2014; 2 (2); 130-135.

Abstract: oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic disease affecting the oral cavity, it causes reduced mouth opening due to development of fibrous band in the oral mucosa. Various treatment modalities are available to treat the trismus cause due to the osmf, physiotherapy being one of them. This case repot demonstrate the use of intra oral appliance that can aid in increasing the mouth opening with the help of orthodontic wire.

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[2]. P. V. Le and M. Gornitsky, ―Oral stent as treatment adjunct for oral submucous fibrosis,‖ Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 148–150, 1996.
[3]. Vagish Kumar, Laxman Shanbhag, ―Medical management of oral submucous fibrosis‖asia pacific journal of oncology nursing 2015 Jan-Mar; 2(1): 51.
[4]. Asha v Nevica B , ―Physiotherapy in trearting oral submucous fibrosis realated restricted mouth opening‖ International Healthcare Research Journal 2017;1(8):252-257
[5]. Williams, David W.; von Fraunhofer, Joseph A.; Davies, Edward H. (2007). Metallurgical characterisation of high resilience stainless steel orthodontic wires. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 25(12), 913–934.

Abstract: Adrenal pheochromocytomas(PCCs) are rare neuroendocrine tumours that arise from neural crest cells of adrenal medulla, however their prevalence is probably underestimated - in some series 50% were diagnosed at autopsy. Their clinical presentations are varies among patients, that is why diagnosis might be difficult to establish.a small proportion of tumors hardly synthesize or release any catecholamines and may have no symptoms and are termed as non functional or subclinical PCCs.the nonfunctional tumors are commonly picked up as incidentalomas and biochemical tests are usually negative. Undiagnosed subclinical normotensive PCCs could lead to catastrophic consequences during surgery and subsequently.

Key Word: nonfunctional pheochromocytoma , incidentaloma.

[1]. rajeev parmeswaran,han boon oh,su ann lui,kong b tan.clinical challenges in nonfunctional pheochromocytoma.2019 december11(3):86-90.world journal of endocrine surgery.doi10.5005/jp-journals-10002-1264.
[2]. luigi petramala,matteo galassi,Giuseppe D'ermo,Federica olmati.nonfunctioning adrenal pheochromocytoma incidentally discovered associated with renal oncocytoma.j onco-nephrol 2017;1(1):62-65.doi:10.5301/jo-n.5000003.
[3]. neha Agarwal,MD.,gan xon ng,MD.,pheochromocytoma :a case report and review of clinical presentation,diagnosis,and management.proceedings of ucla healthcare-vol 20(2016)
[4]. Sundahl N, Van Slycke S, Brusselaers N. A rare case of clinically and biochemically silent giant right pheochromocytoma: case report and review of literature. Acta Chir Belg. 2016; 116(4):239-242.
[5]. Moch H, Cubilla AL, Humphrey PA, Reuter VE, Ulbright TM. The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part A: Renal, Penile, and Testicular Tumours. Eur Urol. 2016;70(1):93-105.

Abstract: Background Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common cutaneous viral infection caused by a poxvirus, manifested by discrete, papular, pearly lesions with central umbilication. MC virus (MCV) is transmitted mainly by direct contact with infected skin which can be sexual, non-sexual, or autoinoculation. There are very few studies particularly on demographics of genital molluscum contagiosum. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the risk of infection in the target population, to build awareness regarding infection being sexually transmitted in urban and migrant population in NCR of Delhi. In the present study, an attempt was made to review all the patients of genital MC......

[1]. Leung AKC, Barankin B, Hon KLE. Molluscum contagiosum: an update. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2017;11(1):22–31
[2]. Trcko K, Hosnjak L, Kusar B, et al. Clinical, histopathological, and virological evaluation of 203 patients with a clinical diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018;5(11):ofy298 [3]. Braue A, Ross G, Varigos G, Kelly H. Epidemiology and impact of childhood molluscum contagiosum: a case series and critical review of the literature. Pediatr Dermatol. 2005;22(4):287–294. [4]. Kaufman WS, Ahn CS, Huang WW. Molluscum contagiosum in immunocompromised patients: AIDS presenting as molluscum contagiosum in a patient with psoriasis on biologic therapy. Cutis. 2018;101(2):136–140 [5]. Czelusta A, Yen-Moore A, Van der Straten M, Carrasco D, Tyring SK. An overview of sexually transmitted diseases. Part III. Sexually transmitted diseases in HIV-infected patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;43(3):409–432.

Abstract: Introduction: Theshortcomings of the MCI are well recorded and often required interventions from the judicial system and legislature,NMC BILL,2017 is the 13th legislative attempt (Bills and Amendments)to reformthe Medical Council oflndia (MCI).Under the proposed NMC bill, the majorityof the commission would consist of nominatedthe members.Also,it proposes an exit examinationuponcompletion of the MBBScourse. Inaddition,the new billalsoinitiates tobring intoexistence a bridge course for the dentalstudents. This study assessedthe awareness and perceptionregarding the NMC bill among the medical undergraduates. Objective: Toassess theperception.....

Key Word: NMCbill,Bridgecourse, ExitExam, Feecap

[1]. The National Medical Commission Bill, 2017. Lok Sabha, New Delhi: LOK SABHA; 2017; Available from http://164.l00.47.4/BillsTexts/LSBillTexts/Asintroduced/279_2017_Eng_LS.pdf.

Abstract: Background: The increased popularity of all-ceramic materials as an alternative to metal-ceramic restorations is attributable to their excellent matching with natural tooth structure in terms of physical and mechanical properties, beside their biocompatibility. IPS e.max is a type of lithium disilicate which delivers high strength and high esthetic material for the press and the CAD/CAM technologies.CeraMotion® LiSi press ceramic is another type of lithium disilicate ceramics which characterizes by low-reaction pressable ingots, homogeneous with high strength edges that remain........

Key Word: Biaxial Flexural strength, IPS e.max press, CeraMotion LiSi press, Celtra press, Glazing, Polishing, Finishing.

[1]. Kawai, K., Urano, M. and Ebisu, S., 2000. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 83(6), pp.664-667.
[2]. Tholt, B., Miranda-Júnior, W.G., Prioli, R., Thompson, J. and Oda, M., 2006. Surface roughness in ceramics with different finishing techniques using atomic force microscope and profilometer. Operative dentistry, 31(4), pp.442-449.
[3]. Zarone, F., Di Mauro, M.I., Ausiello, P., Ruggiero, G. and Sorrentino, R., 2019. Current status on lithium disilicate and zirconia: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health, 19(1), pp.1-14.
[4]. Warreth, A. and Elkareimi, Y., 2020. All-ceramic restorations: A review of the literature. The Saudi Dental Journal, 32(8), pp.365-372.
[5]. Update technical. (2005) Ivoclar vivadent technical, manufactuer's production manual. Ivoclar Vivadent

Abstract: Perforated Jejunal Diverticulum is considered to be a heterogeneous disorder caused by numerous abnormalities of smooth muscle or myenteric plexus. The predominant complication witnessed in this disorder is wall lacking a muscle layer. Since it is asymptomatic, jejunal diverticulosis causes acute complications such as obstruction, perforation, hemorrhage. The goal of this study was to draw attention to a medical case about a perforated jejunal diverticulum. The case involves an 85-year-old woman with an acute abdomen. In this study, an early diagnosis, based on CT and resection of the jejunum affected is vital. It is important to consider the clinical diagnosis of perforated jejunal diverticulum as part of any evaluation of the acute abdomen, especially in this case where the patient is........

Key Word: small bowel, jejunum, diverticulosis, diverticulitis

[1]. Rishabh Sehgal*, Cherry X. Cheung, Tristram Hills, Aqueel Waris, Donagh Healy, and Tahir Khan (2016) Perforated jejunal diverticulum: a rare case of acute abdomen. Department of Surgery, University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland, 10, 1–3.2]
[2]. Bruno Augusto Alves Martins, Rosana Rodrigues Galletti, Júlio Marinho dos Santos Neto, Caroline Neiva Mendes (2018). A Case of Perforated Jejunal Diverticulum: An Unexpected Cause of Pneumoperitoneum in a Patient Presenting with an Acute Abdomen. American Journal of Case Reports, 19: 549-552.
[3]. Konstantinos Makris, MD, Gregory G. Tsiotos, MD, Vania Stafyla, MD, and George H. Sakorafas, MD (2009). Small Intestinal Nonmeckelian Diverticulosis. Volume 43.
[4]. Adenan M, Junaidi A, Clement E, (2020). Perforated Jejunal Diverticulum: An unforeseen cause of pneumoperitoneum in patients with acute abdomen, 25(1): 35-37.

Abstract: Maydl's hernia is a rare type of hernia and can occasionally present with a perplexing condition that seems to be more typical of strangulated sliding hernias.Two bowel loops form a "W" inside the hernia.The two loops present in the sac are not strangulated, but the central loop of the "W" lies free in the abdomen.The rarity of Maydl's hernia and a few other unusual characteristics in our patient led to the publication of this case study.

Key Word: Maydl hernia, strangulated inguinal hernia, peritonitis.

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[2]. B. A. N. Nanjappa, K. Natarajan, A. Moharty, and S. R. Swale, "An unusual case of Maydl's hernia," International Journal of Current Research and Review, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 22–25, 2013.
[3]. S. Mewa Kinoo, M. R. Abooobakar, and B. Singh, "Amyand's hernia: a serendipitous diagnosis," Case Reports in Surgery, vol. 2013, Article ID 125095, 3 pages, 2013
[4]. M.P. DesardaNew method of inguinal hernia repair: a new solution ANZ J. Surg., 71 (4) (2001 Apr 20), pp. 241-244

Abstract: BACKGROUND::Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species and is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Leptospira are coiled, thin, highly motile organisms that have hooked ends and two periplasmic flagella that are responsible for motility. Leptospirosis presents as both an endemic and epidemic disease and its clinical spectrum can range from an asymptomatic, subclinical infection to a fulminant, fatal disease..Leptospirosis is highly underreported in India, most likely due to lack of diagnostic modalities and lack of awareness among clinicians. The disease is presently endemic and deeply entrenched in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. High risk areas include Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal. There is less information on the prevalence of leptospirosis.......

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[4]. Barua HC, Biswas D, Mahanta J. Clinico-epidemiological study on leptospirosis in certain parts of north-eastern region. Journal of communicable diseases. 1999;31(3):201-2.
[5]. Karmakar N. Weils's disease in a tea-garden in Assam. Indian medical journal. 1965 May;59:118

Abstract: Dyspnea is one of the most common symptomfor which patients seeks medical attention. Various etiologies and multiple associations makes it a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Acute causes maybe life threatening if not diagnosed and treated on time. Acute pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, spontaneous pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage, chest wall injury and foreign body aspiration are some causes of acute dyspnea. Dyspnea can be considered as an alarm sign of disease severity and related to disease prognosis and outcome.Initial assessment include history taking, clinical examination, routine blood tests, chest radiographs, electrocardiogram, spirometry and arterial blood gas analysis. In this article we presents four different cases of dyspnea and their evaluation with management.

Key Word: Dyspnea,Pneumothorax, Antituberculartreatment, Pulmonarytuberculosis, Intercostal tube drainage, MTB, AFB, CBNAAT, HRCT, ABG, UIP, IPF, 6MWT, ANA, Pleural effusion, Thoracentesis, Carcinomalung..

[1]. Stevens JP, Dechen T, Schwartzstein R, O'Donnell C, Baker K, Howell MD, Banzett RB. Prevalence of Dyspnea Among Hospitalized Patients at the Time of Admission. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018 Jul;56(1):15-22.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.02.013. Epub 2018 Feb 22. PMID: 29476798; PMCID: PMC6317868.
[2]. Berliner D, Schneider N, Welte T, Bauersachs J. The Differential Diagnosis of Dyspnea. DtschArztebl Int. 2016 Dec 9;113(49):834-845. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0834. PMID: 28098068; PMCID: PMC5247680.
[3]. Viniol A, Beidatsch D, Frese T, Bergmann M, Grevenrath P, Schmidt L, Schwarm S, Haasenritter J, Bösner S, Becker A. Studies of the symptom dyspnoea: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2015 Oct 24;16:152. doi: 10.1186/s12875-015-0373-z. PMID: 26498502; PMCID: PMC4619993.
[4]. Zhou YH, Mak YW. Psycho-Physiological Associates of Dyspnea in Hospitalized Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Oct 24;14(10):1277. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101277. PMID: 29064440; PMCID: PMC5664777.
[5]. Sunjaya AP, Homaira N, Corcoran K, Martin A, Berend N, Jenkins C. Assessment and diagnosis of chronic dyspnoea: a literature review. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2022 Mar 8;32(1):10. doi: 10.1038/s41533-022-00271-1. PMID: 35260575; PMCID: PMC8904603.