iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2022

Abstract: Background -Iatrogenic injury most commonly occurs due to the deleterious effects of therapeutic agents used during treatment. Endodontics employs a wide array of instruments, irrigants and obturating materials. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a strong oxidising agent is one of the most widely used root canal irrigants. Aim- The aim of this paper is to present a case report of iatrogenic injury to the labial mucosa consequent to accidental spillage of 3% NaOCl used during endodontic treatment in a 22 years old male patient. Case description-The patient presented with multiple ulcerations on the labial mucosa following root canal therapy. The mucosal injury was managed conservatively. The tissues healed almost completely within 3 weeks. Conclusion – Root canal irrigants should be used judiciously under adequate isolation in clinical practice. Clinical significance -Optimal isolation protocol is mandatory for routine clinical procedures.

Key words: sodium hypochlorite, iatrogenic, isolation.

[1]. Ozcelik O, Haytac MC, Akkaya M. Iatrogenic
[2]. trauma to oral tissues. J Periodontol. 2005 Oct;76(10):1793-7.
[3]. Spencer HR, Ike V, Brennan PA. Review: the use of sodium hypochlorite in endodontics-potential complications and their management. Br Dent J. 2007 May 12;202(9):555-9.
[4]. Mathew ST.Risks and Management of Sodium Hypochlorite in Endodontics. J Oral Hyg Health;2015, 3:178.
[5]. Markose G, Cotter CJ, Hislop WS.Facial atrophy following accidental subcutaneous extrusion of sodium hypochlorite. Br Dent J. 2009 Mar 14;206(5):263-4.

Abstract: Introduction: Viral encephalitis refers to a diffuse inflammatory process affecting the brain. Most common causes are the arboviruses that spreads through the bite of infected mosquito mainly belonging to Culex, Aedes and Anopheles groups. Materials and methods: In this cross sectional hospital based study, 242 patients meeting the case definition of acute encephalitis syndrome were included. A detailed neurological evaluation was done in all the patients. Serological studies were performed on both CSF and serum for JE.......

Key Word: Viral Encephalitis, Japanese Encephalitis (J.E), Fever, Seizure

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Abstract: Background: For the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is frequently employed. The impact of rTMS is still debatable, though. The current study's objective is to assess rTMS's impact on AD patients' cognitive function. Methods: Before April 28, 2022, I conducted a thorough search of the pertinent literature in four main databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [Central]. There were both cross-section studies and randomised controlled trials that compared the healing power of rTMS with no stimulation or sham stimulation.......

Keywords: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive function, activities of daily living, therapeutic efficacy.

[1]. Ahmed, M. A., Darwish, E. S., Khedr, E. M., El Serogy, Y. M., and Ali, A. M. (2012). Effects of low versus high frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive function and cortical excitability in Alzheimer's dementia. J. Neurol. 259, 83–92. doi: 10.1007/s00415-011-6128-4
[2]. Albanese, E., Guerchet, M., Prince, M., and Prina, M. (2014). World Alzheimer Report 2014: Dementia and Risk Reduction. An Analysis of Protective and Modifiable Factors. London: Alzheimer's Disease International.
[3]. Alzheimer's Association (2021). Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 17, 327–406. doi: 10.1002/alz.12328
[4]. Bagattini, C., Zanni, M., Barocco, F., Caffarra, P., Brignani, D., Miniussi, C., et al. (2020). Enhancing cognitive training effects in Alzheimer's disease: rTMS as an add-on treatment. Brain Stimul. 13, 1655–1664. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2020.09.010
[5]. Cotelli, M., Calabria, M., Manenti, R., Rosini, S., Zanetti, O., Cappa, S. F., et al. (2011). Improved language performance in Alzheimer disease following brain stimulation. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 82, 794–797. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.197848

Abstract: Background: Prevelance of malnutrition and risk factors Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of underweight, stunting and thinness among children in Obio-Akpor primary schools and identify risk factors for malnutrition. Subjects and Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 367 children conducted in Obio/Akpor LGA of Rivers, south-south Nigeria between September and November 2016. The physical growth of the pupils was classified as stunting, underweight and thinness using.......

Keywords: Nutritional status and Children.

[1]. Eze JN, Oguonu T, Ojinnaka NC, Ibe BC. Physical growth and nutritional status assessment of school children in Enugu, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2017;20:64‑70
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Abstract: Résumé Introduction :Dans le monde, le cancer bronchique primitif (CBP) est le cancer le plus fréquent, tant en termes d'incidence que de mortalité (2,21 millions de nouveaux cas par an et 1,80 millions de décès), avec les taux les plus élevés en Europe et en Amérique du Nord [1]. Environ 90% des cas de cancer du poumon sont causés par le tabagisme et l'utilisation de produits du tabac. Evoqué devant des signes respiratoires peu spécifiques ou découvert fortuitement sur une imagerie, le cancer bronchique primitif est souvent diagnostiquéà un stade tardif. Le diagnostic de certitude repose sur les résultats de l'examen anatomopathologique. La classification doit être complétée par l'évaluation du stade d'extension.......

Keywords: Cancer bronchique, tabagisme, adénocarcinome.

[1]. Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, et al. Observatoiremondial du cancer :« Cancer Today ». Lyon : Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, 2020 (https://gco.iarc.fr/today, consultéenfévrier 2021).
[2]. Rouquette I, Lauwers-Cances V, Allera C, Brouchet L, Milia J, Nicaise Y, Laurent J, Delisle MB, Favre G, Didier A, Mazières J. Characteristics of lung cancer in women: importance of hormonal and growth factors. Lung Cancer. 2012 Jun;76(3):280-5. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.11.023. Epub 2011 Dec 22. PMID: 22197614.
[3]. Couraud S, Zalcman G, Milleron B, Morin F, Souquet PJ. Lung cancer in never smokers--a review. Eur J Cancer. 2012 Jun;48(9):1299-311. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.03.007. Epub 2012 Mar 28. PMID: 22464348.
[4]. M. Locatelli-Sanchez, S. Couraud , P.-J. Souquet . Épidémiologie du cancer bronchique :donnéesactuelles. Revue des Maladies RespiratoiresActualités (2015) 7, 285-289. Doi : 10.1016/S1877-1203(16)30009-X
[5]. Mazières, J. (2014). Épidémiologie du cancer bronchique : des considérationsgénéralesàl'aspectmoléculaire. Revue des Maladies RespiratoiresActualités. Doi:10.1016/S1877-1203(14)70583-X.

Abstract: Background:Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder and one of the most common chronic illnesses in childhood. Keeping normal growth, development and emotional maturity are among the objectives of DM1 treatment. Thereby, the knowledge about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) becomes important. The purpose of this study was to apply the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 3.0 - Type 1 Diabetes Module (PedsQL™ 3.0 Diabetes Module) scale in children and teenagers with DM1 diagnosis, in addition to their parents or caregivers to evaluate the factors that influence the HRQoL. Method: Cross-sectional epidemiological study, observational, carried out by the application of the PedsQL™ 3.0 Diabetes Module questionnaire.......

Keywords: diabetes mellitus insulin dependent, child, quality of life, adolescents.

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[5]. Varni JW, Burwinkle TM, Lane MM. Health-related quality of life measurement in pediatric clinical practice: An appraisal and precept for future research and application. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2005 May 16(3):34. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-3-34

Abstract: Lymphorrhea is an early complication of Axillary Lymph Node Dissection (ALND) with incidence of 5 to 80 %. It is formed by ultrafiltration of blood and has multifactorial etiology like severed vessels due to cautery and surgically created dead space. It causes morbidity in form of drainage and increases the risk of infection and wound dehiscence. We conducted a randomized control study in which we included the patients of carcinoma breast undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy in which the patients were randomized into two groups -Group A: Patients who did not receive octreotide after MRMand Group B: Patients who received octreotide after MRM (100 μg s/c 8 hourly for 5 days). Outcomes were measured asLymphorrhea volume from 24hours to the first 5days and No. of days.......

Keywords: Lymhorrhea, MRM, Axillary lymph node dissection(ALND), Octreotide.

[1]. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61:69–90.
[2]. Mathew A, Pandey M, Rajan B. Do younger women with non-metastatic and non- inflammatory breast carcinoma have poor prognosis. World J Surg Oncol. 2004;2:2.
[3]. Miles G, Kelvin F. Surgical technique in breast cancer surgery. J Clin Oncol.2010;28:135-9.
[4]. Carcoforo P, Soliani G, Maestroni U, Donini A, Inderbitzin D, Thomas T et al.Octreotide in the treatment of lymphorrhea after axillary node dissection: a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2003;196:365-9.
[5]. Mustonen PK, Härmä MA, Eskelinen MJ. The effect of fibrin sealant combined with fibrinolysis inhibitor on reducing the amount of lymphatic leakage after axillary evacuation in breast cancer: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Scand J surg. 2004;93:209-12.

Abstract: Résumé Introduction :Le diabète est l'un des principaux défis du 21ème siècle en termes de santé et de développement, et la tuberculose est un problème majeur de santé publique dans de nombreux pays à faibles et à moyens revenus, qui connaissent en outre une hausse rapide du nombre de personnes atteintes de diabète (Afrique et Asie). Le diabète est un facteur de risque de développer une tuberculose active. Il y a des preuves solides pour cette association, avec des études examinant l'incidence de la tuberculose qui ont montré qu'elle est deux à cinq fois plus élevée chez les patients diabétiques que chez les patients non diabétiques. Le diabète peut également aggraver la tuberculose [1]........

Keywords: Tuberculose, diabète, antibacillaires

[1]. Jeon CY, Murray MB. Diabetesmellitusincreases the risk of active tuberculosis :asystematicreview of 13 observationalstudies. PLoS Med. 2008 Jul15;5(7):e152. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050152. PMID: 18630984; PMCID: PMC2459204.
[2]. Fédération internationale du diabète. Atlas du diabète. 9èmeédition. Brussel : Fédération internationale du diabète ; 2019 :33-68
[3]. OMS, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. Tuberculose [en ligne]. [Cité le 14 octobre 2021]. Disponible sur : https://www.who.int/fr/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
[4]. Wang CS, Chen HC, Yang CJ, Tsai JR, Chong IW, Hwang JJ, Huang MS. Clinicalcharacteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients from a southern Taiwan hospital-basedsurvey. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/S1607-551X(08)70068-8. PMID: 18218565.
[5]. Stevenson CR, Forouhi NG, Roglic G, Williams BG, Lauer JA, Dye C, Unwin N. Diabetes and tuberculosis: the impact of the diabetesepidemic on tuberculosis incidence. BMC Public Health. 2007 Sep 6;7:234. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-234. PMID: 17822539; PMCID: PMC2001194.

Abstract: Introduction : Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the main causes of maternal mortality whose diagnosis has become earlier thanks to the ß-HCG assay and endovaginal ultrasound. The treatment of EP has indeed evolved́ in three phases, initially surgical by laparotomy, from the 1980s onwards, laparoscopic management has become the reference treatment. Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 20 cases of ectopic pregnancy treated with methotrexate in the obstetrics gynecology department of the CHU HASSAN II of FES over a period of 09 years. The analysis of the medical files allowed us to characterize the.......

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