iosr-JPBS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep.-Oct 2020

Abstract: The present investigation communicate with ultrastructural changes in the ovary of Channa punctatus after short term chronic exposure with chlorpyriphos 50% + cypermethrin 5% EC, which is a combination of two class of hybrid pesticide i.e. organophosphorous and synthetic pyrethroid. There were changes observed in the intestine of Channa punctatus which included less number of ovarioles damaged wall of ovariole and here an interesting micropi was also seen which is most probably seen with ovarian wall.

Keywords: Synthetic Pyrethroids, organophosphate, chlorpyriphos, cypermethrin, channa punctatus

Abstract: Coccinella septempunctata is a carnivorous and predaceous insect, feeding on aphids, coccids and other soft bodied insects but in absence of the carnivorous food, it feeds on the leaves of plants belonging to the family Solanaceae, viz, potato, tomato, brinjal, etc. The mated female lays eggs on the upper surface of the leaves of host plants. The eggs were kept in petri dishes and exposed to different temperature levels to note down the duration and percentage of hatching of eggs. It was found that the optimum temperature for the hatching of eggs is 30-320C. There is a negative co-relation between temperatures (25 to 360C) and hatching periods of eggs. The mean weight of 1stinstar grub is maximum at optimum temperature of 300C & goes on reducing till 360C after which the egg did not hatch

Keywords: Coccinella septempunctata, Carnivorous , Predaceous, Eggs, Hatching, Correlation, Optimum temperature, Regression

Abstract: Background: There are reports that chewing arecanut or betel quid is carcinogenic or harmful to humans. On close examination of such reports it was seen that there are so many lacunae, including improper identification of the actual chewing product, method of approach, etc. in most of such research. In some others the data were collected on certain readily available chewing products, containing arecanut as one of the ingredients, such as pan masala or gutkha where either the total ingredients used are fully disclosed or their quality ascertained, and correlated the results to arecanut or betel quid chewing without taking cognizance of the effects of other ingredients used in such chewing products. In some others, the extract of arecanut was injected on lab animals, mostly in high doses and reported arecanut...

Keywords: arecanut; betel nut; Areca catechu; betel quid; human health; tooth problem; cancer.

Abstract: The present project has been undertaken to observe the antidiabetic effects of seeds of Moringa oleifera on the plasma glucose level in a mammal Cavia porcellus. Moringa seeds were fed to the experimental animals at the rate of 40 grams/kg body weight of the experimental animal/day for different time duration i.e.7 days, 15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days. A gradual depletion in the plasma glucose level from the control value (143mg/dl.) was recorded which was proportional to the duration of feeding schedule. The values of plasma glucose level recorded were 129mg/dl., 119mg/dl., 110mg/dl., 105mg/dl. and 102mg/dl. respectively and show a depletion ranging from 9.79% to 28.67%. The depleted values recorded were found highly significant at 5% P- level on statistical analysis. The depletion in the plasma glucose level was probably due to the presence of some active ingredients in the moringa seed suggesting antidiabetic properties.

Keywords: ANTIDIABETIC, PLASMA GLUCOSE, CAVIA PORCELLUS, MORINGA OLEIFERA

Abstract: Tridax procumbens Linn. Belongs to family Compositae is a weed found throughout India. The plant is native of tropical America and naturalized in tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia. Local people known it as "Ghamara", in English popularly called "coat buttons‟ and is dispensed for "Bhringraj" by some of the practitioners of Ayurveda. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids (catechins and flavones), fumaric acid, fl-sitosterol, saponins and tannins. It is richly endowed with carotenoids, saponins, oleanolic acid and ions like sodium, potassium and calcium. Luteolin, glucoluteolin, quercetin and isoquercetin have been reported from its......

Keywords: Tridax procumbens, pharmacological.

Abstract: The present project has been undertaken to evaluate the nutritional as well as medicinal properties of Moringa leaves and seeds on the Hb content in a mammal guinea pig. Moringa leaves and seeds were fed to the experimental animals @ 40 gms/ kgs body wt./day for different time duration i.e. 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. A gradual increase in Hb content from the control value (7.00 gm/dl) was recorded in both cases which was proportional were 7.8 gm/dl, 9 gm/dl, 9.4 gm/dl, 9.6 gm/dl and 10 gm/dl after feeding with Moringa leaves respectively and 7.85 gm/dl, 9.1 gm/dl, 9.5 gm/dl, 9.75 gm/dl and 10.25 gm/dl after feeding with Moringa seeds respectively .the increase in Hb content was probably due to the presence of β-carotene, Fe, vit. B2 vit. B6 and folic acids, which are major factors for Fe mobilization and Hb formation, suggesting that Moringa is a very nice nutritional food.

Keywords: Moringa leaves, Moringa seeds, guinea pig, haemoglobin

Abstract: Background: Nanotechnology is the most active research field in modern science today. Nanotechnology is thought to influence science, economics and everyday life in the 21st century. The silver nanoparticles have important applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, to develop an environmentally friendly synthesis of nanoparticles, a biological synthesis is carried out using bacteria. In this review, we will explain about bacteria as bioreductors in the manufacture of silver nanoparticles which contains the mechanism of synthesis of silver nanoparticles from bacteria and any bacteria that can be utilized in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and what are the advantages of synthesizing silver nanoparticles using bacterial bioreductors. In addition, we also discuss the methods for characterizing these silver nanoparticles...

Key Words: nanotechnology, silver nanoparticles, bacteria, bioreductors

Abstract: The pollen of Caesalpinia species are tricolporate and trizonícolporate. Tricolporate pollens are recorded in three species of Caesalpinia viz. Caesalpinia coriaria, C. pulcherrima var. flava and C. pulcherrima var. pulcherrima while trizonicolporate is in C. bonduc. Palynology is not only helpful in solving taxonomic problems but it also plays an important role in daily life. Shape of pollen grains of C.bonduc and C. pulcherrima var.flava were oblate-spheroidal type while in C.pulcherrima var.pulcherrima was prolate-spheroidal and C.coriaria sub-oblate.

Keywords: Caesalpinia, Pollen morphology, taxonomic-relationships, Patna

Abstract: Kidney stone disease is a crystal concretion normally produced within the kidneys. it is the third most commen disorders of urinary system.kidney stone is a common condition causing significant morbidity and economic burden. At any point in their lives, between 1% and 15% of persons worldwide are affected by kidney stones. Kidney stones are of various types, of which calcium oxalate is the most common. Remarkable advances have been made in the treatment of kidney stones following the introduction of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy....

Keywords: Kidney stone, Urolithiasis, Renal stone, Calcium oxalate, Calcium phosphate

Abstract: Background: The increase in the amount of landfill in Indonesia has reached 175,000 tonnes / day or the equivalent of 64 million tones / year. In the health sector, synthetic plastics are used as materials for packaging medicine bottles and infusion bottles. Polypropylene synthetic plastics are very slow to be degraded, so they become a major problem in environmental pollution. This study aims to determine the types of bacteria and the ability of these bacteria isolates to degrade polypropylene plastic. Materials and Methods: The method used in this research included macroscopic and microscopic characterization of bacterial isolates, biochemical tests, and biodegradation test for polypropylene synthetic plastics during the incubation period of 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks using a shaker incubator. The result of this study obtained...

Keywords: isolation, biodegradation, microorganism, polypropylene plastic