iosr-JDMS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Study of Serum Lipids in Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Dnyanesh DK, Dr. Suma Dnyanesh, Dr. Varadaraj Shenoy
	:	10.9790/0853-13310106

Abstract:Hyperlipidemia is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome. There is increased total Cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and low or normal HDL. Hyperlipidemia is usually observed during the active phase of disease and disappears with resolution of proteinuria. But in relapsing cases, it may persist and may increase risk of atherosclerosis in later life. Hence serial monitoring of lipids is required to predict prognosis. Hence, our study is an attempt to know derangement of serum lipids in nephrotic syndrome.

[1] A.A Epstein, The nature and treatment of Nephrosis, JAMA 69, 1917, 444-47.
[2] B. Bhandari, S.L.Mandowara, Lipoprotein profile in nephrotic syndrome, Indian pediatrics, 17, 1980, 416-19.
[3] E.M.Thomas, A.H Rosenblum, H.B Lander, R Fisher, Relationship between blood lipid and blood protein levels in nephrotic syndrome, Amer J Dis. Child, 81, 1951, 207.
[4] J.P Peters, E.B Man, The inter relationship of Serum lipids in patients with diseases of kidneys, J Clin Invest, 22, 1943,721.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Lesion Sterilisation and Tissue Repair in Primary Teeth with Periapical Pathosis - A Case Series
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr.Divya.S, .Dr.Retnakumari.N
	:	10.9790/0853-13310711

Abstract:Dental caries is a great challenge to the oral health of children. This is especially common among low socioeconomic status population which thrusts a great burden on community health. When proper intervention is not undertaken dental caries leads to irreversible damage of pulp. Exposure of the dental pulp to microorganisms results in the development of pulpal and periradicular pathosis. The role of these microorganisms as the main etiologic factor for pulpal pathology has been well established.

[1]. Sonali Taneja, Manju Kumari, and Hari Parkash, Nonsurgical healing of large periradicular lesions using a triple antibiotic paste: A case series. Contemp Clin Dent. 2010; 1(1): 31–35.
[2]. Prabhakar A. R, Sridevi E, Raju O. S, Satish V. Endodontic treatment of primary teeth using combination of antibnacterial drugs: An in vivo study.J Indian Soc Pedod Prevent Dent - Supplement 2008
[3]. Marina Fernandes and Ida de Ataide, Nonsurgical management of periapical lesions. J Conserv Dent. 2010 Oct-Dec; 13(4): 240–245.
[4]. Windley et al, Triple Antibiotic Paste and Bacterial Reduction. JOE — Volume 31, Number 6, June 2005.
[5]. Akgun et al,Use of triple antibiotic paste as a disinfectant for a traumatized

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Experience with Contemporary Tip-Edge plus Technique–A Case Report.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Pravinkumar S. Marure, Dr. Sumitra Reddy, Dr. Suresh Kangane, Dr. Anand Ambekar, Dr. Yatish Joshi
	:	10.9790/0853-13311217

Abstract: Aim of this case report was to analyze the treatment mechanics of Tip-Edge Plus appliance. A recent modification to the Tip-Edge bracket system now enables torque and tip corrections to be achieved without the use of auxiliary springs (Side-Winders). Tip Edge Plus employ nickel titanium for root uprighting by using the additional slot of the bracket. The Aesthetics and efficiency in Stage III of Tip Edge Plus are far superior. Tip Edge Plus Appliance is easier to keep clean without auxiliary springs, more comfortable without the added profile of Side-Winders.

Key words: Tip-Edge Plus, Side-Winders, Root uprighting.

[1]. Jayne E. Harrison. Early Experiences with the Tip-Edge® Appliance. British Journal of Orthodontics 1998; 25:1–9.
[2]. Kesling PC. Expanding the horizons of the edgewise arch wire slot. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988; 94: 26–37.
[3]. Kesling PC. Dynamics of the Tip-Edge bracket. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989; 96: 16–28.
[4]. Parkhouse RC. Current products and practice: Tip-Edge Plus. Journal of Orthodontics 2007;34:59–68.
[5]. Parkhouse RC. Rectangular wire and third order torque: a new perspective. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998; 113: 421–30.
[6]. Parkhouse RC. Tip-Edge Orthodontics. Edinburgh: Mosby,2003

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Twisted ovarian cyst in women with uterine anomalies – a case report.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Prashant Gill, S.K. Jain, Shantanu vyas , Mahesh Mangal, K.M. Garg
	:	10.9790/0853-13311819

Abstract: Mullerian anomalies encompass a wide variety of malformations in the female genital tract. Their occurrence is sporadic and there is no evidence of familial inheritance (1). Of these anomalies, approximately 11% are uterus didelphys, which occurs when midline fusion of the mullerian ducts is arrested to a variable extent (2). They are associated with ovarian malposition and obstruction due to the presence of a transverse vaginal septum (3). There is a reported 20% incidence of renal anomalies in patients with uterus didelphys. We report a patient who was diagnosed as twisted right ovarian cyst and a bicornuate uterus.

[1] Edmonds DK, Rokitansky syndrome and other Mullerian anomalies In: Balen AH, Creighton SM, Davies MC, editors. Paediatric
and adolescent gynaecology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2004. Pp. 267-74.
[2] Nahum GG. Uterine anomalies. How common are they, and what is their distribution among types? J Reprod Med. 1998;43-877-87.
(PubMed.)
[3] Dabirashrafi H, Mohammad K, Moghadami-Tabrizi N. Ovarian malposition in women with uterine anomalies. Obstet Gynecol.
1997;83(2)293-94. (PubMed.).
[4] Spence JE. Vaginal and uterine anomalies in the paediatric and adolescent patient. J PediatrAdolescGynaecol 1998;11:3-11.
[5] Olive DL, Henderson DY. Endometriosis and mullerian anomalies. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;69(3 pt 1):412-15 (PubMed).
[6] Imaoka I, Wada A, Matsuo M, et al. MR imaging of disorders associated with female infertility: use in diagnosis, treatment, and
management. Radiographics. 2003;23(6):1401-21. (PubMed.).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Ozone Therapy – A New Approach in Periodontal Management.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Benita. P
	:	10.9790/0853-13312024

Abstract: This review of literature is an attempt to summarize the uses of ozone therapy in periodontics. Gingival and periodontal diseases play a major role in dentistry. Bacteria is the main etiological factor. The use of ozone in dentistry has been proposed in dentistry because of its antimicrobial, disinfectant, biocompatibility and healing properties. The primary objective is to provide a general review about ozone therapy in periodontics. The secondary objective is to summarize the available in-vitro and in-vivo studies in Periodontics in which ozone has been used. This is useful for the future researchers in terms of what has been tried and what the potentials are for the clinical application of ozone in Periodontics.

Key words: Ozone, antimicrobial, immunostimulant, biosynthetic.

[1] Saini R, Saini S, Sharma S. Periodontal disease linked to cardiovascular disease. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2010;1:161–2.
[2] Bortolaia C, Sbordone L. Biofilms of the oral cavity. Formation, development and involvement in the onset of diseases related to bacterial plaque increase. Minerva Stomatol. 2002;51:187–92.
[3] Walker CB. The acquisition of antibiotic resistance in the periodontal micro flora. Periodontol 2000. 1996;10:79–88.
[4] Feres M, Haffajee AD, Allard K, Som S, Goodson JM, Socransky SS. Antibiotic resistance of sub gingival species during and after antibiotic therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29:724–35.
[5] Garg R, Tandon S. Ozone: A new face of dentistry. The Internet Journal of Dental Science. 2009;7:2.
[6] Fish E, inventor. Ophthalmic Ventures, assignee. Apparatus for the production and use of ozone in therapeutics. 2,054,367. United States Patent . 1936 Sep 15;

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	An Analysis of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Azare, North- Eastern Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Imoudu IA,Ahmad H, Yusuf MO,Makarfi HU, Umara T.
	:	10.9790/0853-13312528

Abstract:An Analysis Of Neonatal Morbidity And Mortality In Azare, North- Eastern Nigeria. Background: Mortality occurring among babies less than 28 days of life comprises about 40% of all under-five deaths. Improvement on neonatal statistics is thus crucial to the attainment of the fourth millennium development goal (MDG). Objective: To describe the pattern of morbidity and mortality of in-patients as seen in the Special Care Baby Unit of the Federal Medical Centre Azare, North-eastern Nigeria over a 12-month period. Methods: Retrospective data of sequential admissions into the SCBU from 1st January to 31st December 2012 were analysed.

[1] Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J. Four million neonatal deaths: when? where? why? Lancet 2005; 365: 891-900.
[2] Saving newborn lives in Nigeria: Newborn health in the context of the Intergrated Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Strategy. Abuja: Federal Ministry of Health, Save the Children, ACCESS. 2009;8-11.
[3] World Health Organization. Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health programme. (cited 2013 July 4). Available from: www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/epidemiology/newborn/en/.
[4] United Nations Inter-agency Group for child Mortality Estimation. Levels and trends in child mortality. Annual report 2011 (document on the internet). Healthy Newborn Network; (cited 2013 July 4). Available from: http://www.unicef.org/media/media_59795html.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Prevalance of inducible clindamycin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from various clinical specimens by D test in tertiary care hospital
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr Vyoma chudasama, Dr. Hasumati Solanki, Dr. Minesh Vadsmiya, Dr M M Vegad
	:	10.9790/0853-13312932

Abstract: Aim:Therapeutic failure to Clindamycin has been reported due to mechanisms which confer resistance constitutively, or by the presence of low level inducers which can lead to therapeutic failure. Therefore, this study was undertaken to identify the strains that have the potential to become resistant during therapy.Materials and methods: Inducible Clindamycin resistance was tested by the Clindamycin disc induction test (D test) as per the CLSI recommendations. Results:The study showed 54.78% MRSA isolates and 32.5% inducible Clindamycin resistant isolates among them as compared to 15.53% in MSSA isolates. Conclusion: We concluded that routine screening for inducible resistance to Clindamycin must be performed so that the drug is used effectively and for maximum clinical utility.

Keywords : inducible clindamycin resistance, staphylococcus

1] Lertcanawanichakul M, Chawawisit K, Choopan A, Nakbud K, Dawveerakul K.Incidence of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Walailak J Sci &Tech 2007;4:155-63.
[2] Yilmaz G,Aydin K, Iskender S, Caylan R, Koksal I. Detection and prevalence of inducible resistance in Staphylococci. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56:342-5.
[3] Delialioglu N, Aslan G, Ozturk C ,Baki V, Sen S, Emekdas G.Inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococci isolated from clinical samples. Jpn J Infect Dis 2005; 58:104-6.
[4] Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th ed.
[5] Clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI).performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2-A7, 11th ed.2005: 768-800.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Dental Home – An Indian Perspective
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. S. Rajasekharan, Dr. S. Aruna Sharma, Dr. R. Jayaprakash, Dr. S. S. Sharma
	:	10.9790/0853-13313336

Abstract: Caries with its effects (either treated or untreated) has a capacity to affect the overall well-being of the patient. While treated caries can compromise the form and function of the restored oral tissues to a certain extent, untreated dental caries can have a severe incapacitating defect on the oral tissues, their form and function. Restorative Dentistry with the use of newer materials and techniques is not a panacea for dental caries. The answer lies in seeking professional counselling and services as early as possible. This paper discusses the importance of Dental Home and the various strategies that can be employed by the developing countries including India in particular to take a step forward for better oral and general health.

Key Words: Dental Home, Early Childhood Caries, Infant Oral Health, Integrated Child Developmental Services (ICDS), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

1] Arthur J Nowak – Rationale for the timing of the first oral evaluation. Pediatric Dentistry 1997;19(1):8-11
[2] Matthew F. Savage, Jessica Y. Lee, Jonathan B. Kotch, William F. Vann, Jr – Early Preventive Dental Visits: Effects on subsequent Utilisation and Costs. Pediatrics 2004;114(4);e418 – e423 DOI: 10.1542/.peds.2003-0469-F
[3] Arthur J Nowak, Paul S Cassamassimo – The Dental Home A Primary Care Oral Health Concept. Journal of American Dental Association 2002;133(1):93-98
[4] American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on Dental Home. Pediatric Dentistry 2011: 33 (special issue):24-5
[5] Burton L Edelstein - Environmental factors in implementing the Dental Home for All Young Children. National Oral Health Policy Centre at Children's Dental Health Project. Pg. 1 – 18
[6] Girish Babu KL, Doddamani GM – Dental Home: Patient Centered Dentistry. Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 2012;2(1):8-12

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The efficacy and safety of Rosuvastatin versus Atorvastatin, a double blind, randomized control study and comparison in patients with dyslipidemia
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr.R.Suryanarayana Raju, Dr.Ch.Ratna Kumar, Dr.G.Vijaya Kumar , Dr.G.V.Benerji,Dr.G.Srilaxmi, M.Farid Babu, D.Rekha Kumari
	:	10.9790/0853-13313740

Abstract: The Present study was a double blind randomized comparative study of Rosuvastatin versus Atorvastatin in patients with dyslipidemia at Rangaraya Medical College,Government General Hospital, Kakinada, A.P India. The total 50 patients aged 35 – 70, were enrolled into the study group and 50 age, sex matched healthy individuals were enrolled as control group and they were analysed for the lipid profiles. The study group was randomly allocated into 2 groups as group A (n=25) and group B (n=25). GroupA received the drug Rosuvastatin 10mg and the groupB received the drug Atorvastatin 10mg. The patients were followed for 12 weeks. .

[1] Harrison's, Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition.
[2] Translating evidence into policy for cardiovascular disease control in india. Gupta et al. Health research policy and systems; 2011,9:8
[3] Davidson's Principles and practice of Medicine, 22nd edition.
[4] Lipids and stroke vol 3. May-june 2003, p170-176.
[5] Editional; Cardiology Today Nov-Dec 2007 voll, vol2.
[6] Lawrence M.Tierney et al. Current Medical diagnosis and treatment 11th Edition. Ch 10:351-427.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Sorption and Solubility Characteristics of Compomer, Conventional and Resin Modified Glass-Ionomer Immersed In Various Media
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Shiji Dinakaran
	:	10.9790/0853-13314145

Abstract: Tooth coloured adhesive restorative materials are widely accepted and used for the restoration of carious and non-carious cervical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the solubility and sorption values of compomer (Dyract ®), conventional glass-ionomer(Fuji II ) and resin modified glass-ionomer (Fuji II LC improved) cements in various beverages such as tea, coffee, coca-cola and lime with saline as control. Twenty five circular discs per restorative material were prepared. Five specimens of each material were kept immersed in the test media and saline for seven days. Water sorption and solubility were calculated using ISO guidelines. Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the three test materials. Among the media tested lime influenced both sorption and solubility values more than the other media. Fuji II was found to have more sorption and solubility values than the other two materials.

Key words: coca –cola, erosive potential, lime, solubility, sorption

[1] Powell L.V, Gordon E.E, Johnson G.H, Clinical evalution of direct esthetic restorations in cervical abrasion /erosion lesions: one -year results, Quintessence Int., 22(9), 1991, 687 – 692.
[2] Francisconi L.F, Scaffa P.M, Barros V.R, Coutinho M, Francisconi P.S, Glass Ionomer Cements and their role in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions,J Appl Oral Sci., 17(5), 2009, 364 – 369.
[3] Kovarik R.E, Haubenreich J.E Gore D. Glass Ionomer Cements : a review of composition, chemistry and biocompatibility as a dental and medical implant material. J Long Term Eff Med Implants ., 15 (6), 2005, 655 – 671.
[4] Billington R.W, Peason G.T, Williams J.A, Uptake of fluoride ions by the glass component of glass ionomer cement. J.Dent;35(5), 2007, 452 – 455.
[5] Powis D.R, Follerias T, Merson S.A, Wilson A.D, Improved adhesion of a glass-ionomer cement to dentin and enamel. J Den. Res, 6(12), 1982, 1416 -1422.
[6] Ozgunaltay G, Onen A, Three year clinical evalution of a resin modified glass –ionomer cement and a composite resin in non-carious class V lesions. J Oral Rehabil, 29 (11), 2002, 1037 -1041.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Odontogenic Myxoma. A case report
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr S Hemavathy, Dr Dandena Vinay Kumar
	:	10.9790/0853-13314649

Abstract: Myxomas of the jaws are rare odontogenic neoplasm predominantly found in young adults. It commonly occurs in the second and third decade, and the mandible is involved more commonly than the maxilla. It constitute around 3-6% of total odontogenic tumours and most of the times it grows without symptoms and presents as a painless swelling. Here we are presenting a case of odontogenic myxomas (OM) of 22 yr. old patient in upper left maxillary region.

Key words: Myxoma, Mandible, Maxilla, Odontogenic Myxoma, odontogenic tumor.

1] Vasudevan V et al, Odontogenic myxaoma of the maxilla. International journal of clinical paediatric dentistry, 4(3),2011,264-68.
[2] Meghanand T, Anjali S, Madhusudan A.Maxillary Odontogenic Myxoma A Rarity.International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology,2(3),2011,32-35.
[3] CD Mounesh Kumar, KV Suresh, Praveen Reddy B, KV Umashankar.Odontogenic Fibromyxoma of Maxilla: A Case Report.Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University 2(1),2013, 120-24.
[4] Mustafa K, Selçuk Y.Odontogenic myxomas of the maxilla,Clinics and Practice, 1,2011,304-305.
[5] Shafer, Hine, Levy.Text book of Oral Pathology. 5th edition, Elsevier New Delhi (2006).
[6] Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2nd edition, Elsevier New Delhi (2002).
[7] Elison NM, Matthias AW, Edda V, David N, Paul J W. Odontogenic myxoma: a clinicopathological study of 33 cases.Int J Oral MaxillofacSurg, 33,2004,333–337.
[8] Dorrit WN, Dan G, Badri A.Childhood odontogenic myxoma: report of two cases.The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 7(2),1985, 140-44.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of early intervention in the developmental outcome of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy infants
Country	:	India
Authors	:	N. Meena, Dr V.K. Mohandas kurup, Dr S. Ramesh, Dr. R. Sathyamoorthy
	:	10.9790/0853-13315053

Abstract: Background: Neonatal brain injury due to intrapartum asphyxia is a significant cause of cerebralpalsy, mental retardation, and epilepsy. Despite advances in perinatal care over the pastthree decades, the incidence of cerebral palsy attributed to birth asphyxia has not changed. Indeveloping countries, the incidence of post asphyxiate neurological damage is particularly high. Objectives: To study the developmental outcomes of hypoxic ischemicencephalopathy infants by early physiotherapy intervention till one year

[1] World Health Organization, Facts and figures on Birth Ashyxia; 2005.
[2] Thorberg E, Thiringer K, Odeback A, Milsom I. Birth asphyxia: incidence, clinical course and outcome in a Swedish population. ActaPaediatr 1995;84: 927-32.
[3] Chandra S, Ramji S, Thirupuram S. Perinatal asphyxia: multivariate analysis of risk factors in hospital births.IndianPediatr 1997; 34: 206-12.
[4] Raju, T.N.K. Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy. EMedicine specialties, 2003; pp. 1-3, 5, 6, 8
[5] M.K.C Nair , Neurodevelopmental follow up- "Module on Early Stimulation," Editors TanmayR.Amladi, 2004.
[6] Halloran DR, McClure E, Chakraborty H, Chomba E, Wright LL and Carlo WA, BA survivors in a developing country. J Perinatol 2009; 29:243-249
[7] Lekskulchai, R. &

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Evaluated of Testicular Tumors using Doppler Sonography
Country	:	Sudan
Authors	:	Abdullah Hamdan, Mohamed Yousef, Mohammed A. AliOmer, Alsafi Abdulla
	:	10.9790/0853-13315461

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the gray scale and color Doppler sonographic features of the most common and some of the least common scrotal lesions. Between October 2012 to May 2013, 100 patients the age range of new born to 85 years old the mean 30.95, with scrotal symptoms, who underwent scrotal ultrasonography (US), were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical presentation, outcome, and US results were analyzed. The presentation symptoms including scrotal pain, painless scrotal mass or swelling,

[1] Fernandez-Usagre FJ, Rangel-Villalobos ME, Garcia de la Oliva A, Blanco Yun A. [Doppler ultrasonography of scrotal injury]. Radiologia. May-Jun 2007;49(3):183-7. [Medline].
[2] Cokkinos DD, Antypa E, Kalogeropoulos I, Tomais D, Ismailos E, Matsiras I, et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound performed under urgent conditions. Indications, review of the technique, clinical examples and limitations. Insights Imaging. Apr 2013;4(2):185-98. [Medline]. [Full Text].
[3] PearlMS,HillMC:Ultrasoundofthescrotum.SeminUltrasoundCT MRI28:225-248,2007
[4] MartinB,ConteJ:Ultrasonographyoftheacutescrotum.JClin Ultrasound15(1):37-44,1987
[5] VijayaraghavanSB:Sonographicdifferential diagnosisofacutescrotum. J UltrasoundMed25:563-574,2006
[6] WoodwardPJ,ScwabCM,etal:FromthearchivesoftheAFIP: Extratesticular scrotalmasses—Radiologic-pathologiccorrelation. Radiographics23:215-240,2003

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	New Gadgets in Local Anesthesia: A review
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Varun Salgotra, Raghav Agrawal, Soumen Mandal , Sonam Kohli
	:	10.9790/0853-13316266

Abstract: Local pain management is the most critical aspect of patient care in dentistry. When efforts to achieve local anesthesia are unsuccessful, the resulting stress for both the patient and practitioner can be significant. It is imperative on our part to update our knowledge and skills in using newer alternatives in pain control and management and ways of administering them to increase the comfort level of our patients and resolve the clichéd paradigm of "Pain and Dentistry are inseparable". The improvements in techniques for local anesthesia are probably the most significant advances that have occurred in dental science. This paper provides an update on comparatively newer gadgets that are less commonly used to deliver local anesthetics.

Keywords: Computer controlled local anesthesia delivery system (CCLAD), Intraosseous Injection delivery system, Local anesthesia delivery device, Needle-less injector, Vibrating tactile devices.

[1] André S. Nimigan and Bing Siang Gan. Pain and Efficacy Rating of a Microprocessor-Controlled Metered Injection System for Local Anaesthesia in Minor Hand Surgery. Pain Research and Treatment. 2011;Article ID 362396, 6 pages

[2] Krochak M and Friedman N. Using a precision-metered injection system to minimize dental injection anxiety. CompendContinEduc Dent. 1998 Feb; 19(2):137-40.

[3] J. W. Nicholson, T. G. Berry, J. B. Summitt, C. H. Yuan, and T. M. Witten, "Pain perception and utility: a comparison of the syringe and computerized local injection techniques." General Dentistry. 2001;49(2):167–173

[4] P Saxena, S K. Gupta, V Newaskar and Anil Chandra. Advances in dental local anesthesia techniques and devices: An update. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Jan-Jun; 4(1): 19–24.

[5] Clark TM, Yagiela JA. Advanced techniques and armamentarium for dental local anesthesia. Dent Clin North Am. 2010;54:757–68. [6] S F Malamed. Handbook of Local anesthesia. 6th edition

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Antibody among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Health Institution in Southwestern Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Opaleye Oluyinka Oladele, Salami Saheed, Funmilayo Familua, Olowe Olugbenga Adekunle, Ojurongbe Olusola, Bolaji Oloyede Samuel, Odewale Gbolabo, Ojo Johnson Adeyemi
	:	10.9790/0853-13316771

Abstract: Anti-HBs, HBsAg, pregnant women, vertical transmission

[1]. Mahoney FJ (1999) Update on diagnosis, management, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 12:351-366.
[2]. Alter, M (1996) Epidemiology and disease burden of hepatitis B and C. Antiviral Therapy 1:9-15.
[3]. Gust ID (1996) Epidemiology of hepatitis B infection in the Western Pacific and South East Asia.Gut 38 :S18-23.
[4]. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), (2008) Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). In: Infections During Pregnancy.
[5]. Gambarin-Gelwan, M (2007). Hepatitis B in Pregnancy. Clinics of Liver Disease. 11(4):945 963.
[6]. Elinav, E; Ben-Dov, IZ; Shapira, Y; Daudi, N; Adler, R; Shouval, D; Ackerman, Z (2006) Acute hepatitis A infection in pregnancy is associated with high rates of gestational complications and preterm labor. Gastroenterology 130: 1129–1134.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Hand patterns in prostatic cancers
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mohammad Ashraf, Thomas Mohan, Edmond Fernandes
	:	10.9790/0853-13317274

Abstract:Prostatic cancers has been showing increasing trend in the elderly age group.We intended to explore if there are hands patterns which play a significant role towards prostate cancer- the most common cancer in the geriatric age group but the present day knowledge of its etiology is limited ( Li et al, 2004). It’s a cross sectional study which measures the index and ring finger length in patients with prostate cancer.

1. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010 Dec 15;127(12):2893-917
2. Parkin, DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, Teppo L, Thomas DB. Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Vol. 8. Lyon, IARC: IARC Scientific Publications No. 155; 2002.
3. Nandakumar A. Consolidated Report of the Population Based Cancer Registries 2001-04. India: National Cancer Registry Programme, Indian Council of Medical Research; 2006.

Li H, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci EL, Morris JS, Willett WC, Gaziano JM, Ma J. A  prospective study of plasma selenium levels and prostate cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 May 5;96(9):696-703. 

1. Hopp Renato Nicolás, Jorge Jacks (2012) Right hand digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with prostate cancer: Findings of an admixed population study. J Solid Tumors, February 2012, Vol. 2, No. 1

 

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Evaluation of Salivary Levels of Proinflammatory Cytokines (IL-1α, IL-8 and GM-CSF) in Adult Orthodontic Patients
Country	:	Baghdad-Iraq
Authors	:	Batool H. Al-Ghurabi, Harraa S. Mohammed-Salih, Ata'a Ghazi, Hayder Fadhil Saloom
	:	10.9790/0853-13317578

Abstract: Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is a type of tissue injury leading to an inflammatory response. Cytokines are involved in initiating, amplifying, perpetuating, and resolving inflammatory responses. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of orthodontic tooth movement on the periodontium by analyzing proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-8 and GM-CSF) levels within saliva

[1] Jan G, Wim T, Marc Q, Sofie St. Longitudinal changes in gingival crevicular fluid after placement of fixed orthodontic appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011; 139: 735-44.
[2] Krishnan V, Davidovitch Z. Cellular, molecular, and tissue-level reactions to orthodontic force. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006; 129(4):469.
[3] Bartzela T, Türp JC, Motschall E, Maltha JC. Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009; 135(1):16–26.
[4] Taba M, Kinney J, Kim AS, Giannobile WV. Diagnostic biomarkers for oral and periodontal diseases. Dental Clinics of North America. 2005; 49(3):551–71.
[5] Stoycheva MS, Murdjeva MA. Correlation between serum levels of interleukin 1-β, interleukin 1-ra, interleukin-6, interleukin 10, interleukin 12, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon- with some clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with salmonellosis. Biotechnol Equip. 2005;19:143-6.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Bleaching Discolored Devital Teeth with Using Of New Agents
Country	:	Turkey
Authors	:	İbrahim Umar DDS, Hakan Kamalak DDS
	:	10.9790/0853-13317982

Abstract: The discoloration of teeth on front part form fundamental aesthetic problemes. In order to treat this kinds of teeth, different methods have been used. Yet the most conservatif one is intracoronal bleaching technique. Various agents such as sodium perborate, hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide and sodium perborate have been used as bleaching agent. 30% of hydrogen peroxide has been shown to cause resorption in cervical areas. But nowadays this effect has been proved not to be existed in the newly developed agents. Formula of 40% Hydrogen Peroxide also includes potassium nitrate and flüoride which reduces sensitivity and strengthens enamel and the expected sensitivity in patients has been seen to decrease after bleaching. In this case report, the two patients who had the discolored anterior teeth depending on the endodontic treatment were presented. In line with these findings, 40% of hydrogen peroxide, and sodium perborate were used for the discolored non-vital teeth and by taking the photos of the patient before and after the treatment, they were evaluated objectively.

Key Words: Devital bleaching, discoloration, 40 % of hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate.

[1] Plotino, G., et al., Nonvital tooth bleaching: a review of the literature and clinical procedures. J Endod,. 18(2), 2008, 394-407.
[2] Prinz, H., Recent improvements in tooth bleaching. A clinical syllabus. Dental Cosmos, 1924,558–600.
[3] Watts, A. and M. Addy, Tooth discolouration and staining: a review of the literature. Br Dent J, 190(6), 2001, 309-316.
[4] Hattab, F.N., M.A. Qudeimat, and H.S. al-Rimawi, Dental discoloration: an overview. J Esthet Dent, 11(6), 1999,291-310.
[5] Attin, T., et al., Review of the current status of tooth whitening with the walking bleach technique. Int Endod J, 36(5),2003, 313-29.
[6] Goldstein, R.E. and D.A. Garber, Complete dental bleaching. Berlin: Quintessence, 1995.
[7] van der Burgt, T.P. and A.J. Plasschaert, Bleaching of tooth discoloration caused by endodontic sealers. J Endod, 12(6), 1986,231-234.
[8] Salvas, C.J., Perborate as a bleaching agent. J Am Dent Assoc ; 1938, 324.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Clinical presentations of urolithiasis: a prospective study in Referral Centre
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Gaurav Rai Sharma, Sankalp Dwivedi, Bhavna Bhatia, Parul Kansal, Avneet Kaur, Atul Rai Sharma, Pardeep Goyal, Ridhika Sharma
	:	10.9790/0853-13318385

Abstract: Background: Urinary calculi are commonly diagnosed as a consequence of an episode of renal-ureteral colic or gross hematuria. Clinical manifestations are characterized by lumbar pain of sudden onset that may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, gross or microscopic hematuria. Objectives: To study clinical trends of urolithiais in the rural population

[1] Portis AJ, Sundaram CP. Diagnosis and Initial Management of Kidney Stones. Am Fam Physician. 2001;63(7):1329-39.
[2] Bartoletti R, Cai T, Mondaim N, Melone F, Travaglim F, Carini M. Epidemiology and risk factors in urolithiasis. Urol Int. 2007;79(1): 3–7.
[3] Karagülle O, Smorag U, Candir F, Jonas U, Gehrke A, Gundermann G et al. Clinical study on the effect of mineral waters containing bicarbonate on the risk of urinary stone formation in patients with multiple episodes of Ca Oxalate urolithiasis. World J Urol. 2007;25:315–23.
[4] Tiselius HG, Ackermann D, Alken P, Buck C, Conort P, Gallucci M; Guidelines on urolithiasis. Eur Urol. 2001;40(4):362–71.
[5] Bilic-Curcic Z: Urolithiasis and osteoporosis. Collegium Antropol. 2009;33(2):189-92.
[6] Drach GW. Urinary lithiasis; Etiology, diagnosis and medical management. In Walsh P, Retik A, Stamey, Vaughan D. Eds. Campbell's Urology, 1992;3(6): p 2085-2156.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Unusually prominent hardware in patellar fracture- a case report
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr Aakash Mugalur, Dr Binoti A Sheth, Dr Aditya C Pathak, Dr Abhijit Kale
	:	10.9790/0853-13318688

Abstract:Patella fractures account for approximately one percent of all skeletal fractures. Traditional methods of fixation include tension-band wiring with heavy gauge wire. Hardware prominence due to the subcutaneous location of patella and operative technique can cause soft-tissue issues and some studies have reported wire breakage or migration, either of which can lead to problems. We report a case of unusual prominence of hardware where the K wires were projecting out of the skin since eight years in a case of healed patella fracture with no evidence of infection and minimal functional disability despite the patient being a diabetic. Utmost attention to the operative technique during the primary surgery and use of newer modalities of treatment like fibre cables can reduce the burden of symptomatic hardware.

Keywords: complication , fracture, hardware, implant, patella

[1] Boström A. Fracture of the patella. A study of 422 patellar fractures. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl. 1972; (143):1-80.
[2] Anderson LD. Campbell's operative orthopaedics.5th edition. St Louis:Mosby,1971.
[3] Magnuson P.Fractures. 2nd edition. Philadelphia:JB Lippincot,1933.
[4] DePalma A, Flynn J. Joint changes following experimental partial and total patellectomy. JBJS Am 1958;40A:395-413.
[5] Carpenter J, Kasman R, Patel N, et al. Biomechanical evaluation of current patella fracture fixation techniques. J Orthop Trauma 1997;11:351-356.
[6] Smith ST, Cramer KE, Karges DE, Watson JT, Moed BR. Early complications in the operative treatment of patella fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 1997; 11(3):183-187. [7] Bedi A, Karunakar KA, Patella fractures and extensor mechanism injuries: Bucholz RW, Court-Brown CM et al, Rockwood and Green's Fractures in Adults, 7th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2010. p.1752-1779.
[8] Hung L, Chan K, Chow Y et al. Fractured patella:operative treatment using the tension band principle. Injury Br j Accid Surg 1985;16:343-347.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Use And Effects Of Silver Nitrate In Dentistry
Country	:	Turkey
Authors	:	Hakan Kamalak DDS, İbrahim Umar DDS
	:	10.9790/0853-13318991

Abstract: In this study, we will talk on indended use of silver nitrate solution which has been used in various medical treatments for many years, being exposed to silver nitrate solution especially during preparation of a scientific study materials and the changes occuring in epidermis. The silver nitrate is the third element used after gold and copper. The silver nitrate is used in various fields; for gingivitis, oral hygiene, to clear up halitozis, in treatment of candidal infections and teeth caries. Conclusıon: While the silver nitrate is used in different fields of Dentistry, the widespread use of it is not a matter. In dentistry, the silver nitrate solution is mostly prefered in scientific studies rather than its therapeutic properties. In use of chemical solutions like silver nitrate, protective measures such as gloves, glassess, mask etc. should be taken.

Key Words: Silver Nitrate, Micro Ct, Microleakage

[1]. Klasen HJ. Historical Review Of The Use Of Silver İn The Treatment Of Burns. Part I. Early Uses. Burns 26, 2000,117–130.
[2]. Klasen HJ. A Historical Review Of The Use Of Silver İn The Treatment Of Burns. Part II. Renewed İnterest For Silver. Burns, 26, 2000, 131–138.
[3]. J. Wesley Alexander, History Of The Medical Use Of Silver, Surgıcal Infections 10, 2009.
[4]. Peng JJ, Botelho MG, Matinlinna JP. Silver Compounds Used İn Dentistry For Caries Management: A Review. J Dent. ,40(7), 2012, 531-541.
[5]. Wong JG, Caputo AA, Li P, White SN. Microleakage Of Adhesive Resinous Materials İn Root Canals. J Conserv Dent. 16(3), 2013, 213-218

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Aesthetic Restoration Of Traumatized Anterior Teeth
Country	:	Turkey
Authors	:	Hakan Kamalak DDS, İbrahim Umar DDS
	:	10.9790/0853-13319294

Abstract: Traumatic dental injuries occuring in anterior teeth is a frequently seen condition in children and adults. The patients are both affected physically and psychologically due to trauma. The traumatized permanent tooth is characterized both as functional impairments for the patients and as a fundamental aesthetical probleme, especially in young patients. The traumatized teeth are generally treated with fiberpost, composite build-up and crown restoration techniques just after the endodontic treatment. In these kinds of cases, the treatment method alone is not sufficient; the case should be approached in a multidisciplinary manner. By this case report, the treatment of comlicated enamel-dentin crown fracture resulting from pulp expansion due to traume that occured in a 18-years-old male patient was aimed. The fractured parts of teeth were restored with self-threading pins ((Self - Threading pins - TMS (Thread-Mate system)).

1] Butchart, D.G.M., Llayd, C.H. The retention of restorative materials by self threading dentin pins. Dent. Mater. 1986.
[2] Lugassy, A.A., Moffa, J.P., Huzumi, Y. Influence of pins upon some physical properties of composite resins. J. Prosthet Dent. 1972.
[3] Podshadley, A.G. Retantion of threaded pins in composite resin. J. Prosthet Dent. 1989.
[4] Podshadley, A.G. Retantion of threaded pins in amalgam. J. Prosthet Dent. 1990.
[5] Chan K.C., Fuller, J.L., Khowassah, M.A. The adaptation of new amalgam and composite resins to pin. J. Prosthet Dent. 1977.
[6] Fujimoto, J., Norman, R.D., Dykema, R.W., Phillips, R.W. Acomparison of pinretained amalgam and composite resin cores. J. Prosthet Dent. 1978.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Obstructive Jaundice Due To Migration of Suture Material Into Common Bile Duct: A Very Rare Presentation
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Sandeep Kumar Agarwal, Marshal D Kerketta, Anjana Gandhi, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Abhinav Anand, Om Prakash, Satish Kumar
	:	10.9790/0853-13319596

Abstract: Few cases have been reported in literature wherein patient presented with stone in CBD after many years of open cholecystectomy where suture material migrated formed the nidus for stone formation. Here we are reporting an interesting case where patient presented with obstructive jaundice within a month after open cholecystectomy. Upon CBD exploration there was non absorbable suture material inside the lumen of CBD which was removed and jaundice subsided.

Keywords: Cholecystectomy, Obstructive jaundice, Common bile duct(CBD), suture material

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results of a national survey," Annals of Surgery, vol. 234, no. 4, pp. 549–559, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
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vol. 143, no. 12, pp. 1178–1183, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
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the consequences," World Journal of Surgery, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 437–440, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar ·
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vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 142–146, 2007.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Randomized, Double Blind, Prospective Comparative Study Of Safety And Efficacy Of Lornaxicam With Diclofenac In Osteoarthritis
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr.R.Suryanarayana Raju, Dr.T.UmaMaheswari,Dr.Ch.Ratna Kumar, Dr.G.Vijaya Kumar ,Dr.G.V.Benerji, M.Farid Babu, D.Rekha Kumari
	:	10.9790/0853-133197100

Abstract: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disorder.It is more commonly affecting women and the severity of the disease depends on the age. It mostly affects the cervical ,lumbosacral and knee joints.Osteoarthritis of knee joint seen in elderly people leads to impaired mobility.Life stylemodifications,exercise and analgesics can be tried for management of the disease before going to permanentcure by joint replacement surgery which is cost effective.Analgesics like diclofenac,lornaxicum are used in the reduction of inflammatory responces in joints.It was showed that lornaxicum is more beneficial and safest drug than diclofenacwhich may cause cardiovascular problem in chronic usage. The present study was conducted to compare theefficacy and safety of lornaxicam and diclofenac in newly diagnosed patients of osteoarthritis.

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