iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2017

Abstract: One of the greatest management challenges for the head and neck oncologist is neoplasia of Tongue because of the adverse effects of treatment on oral and pharyngeal function. Diagnosis at later stages results in low treatment outcomes with considerable costs to patients.In these malignancies, Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) derived Phase Angle affords an emerging opportunity to assess prognosis. Aims and Objective: To compare the Phase Angle between patients of biopsy proven anterior 2/3rd squamous cell carcinoma tongue and their matched control with the help of Bioelectric Impedance Analysis(BIA) to formulate some guidelines, if any. Material and Methods: This prospective........

Keywords: Bio Electrical Impedance Analyzer, Squamous cell carcinoma tongue, Phase Angle, Reactance, Resistance.

[1]. R. Sankarnarayan, E.Masuyer, R.Swaminathan, J.Ferlay, S.Whelon. Head and neck cancer: a global perspective on epidemiology and prognosis. Anticancer Research 1998;18:4779-86.
[2]. P.S Khanderkar, P.S. Bagdey, R.R.Tiwari. Oral Cancer and some epidemiological factors:a hospital based study. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2006;31:157-59.
[3]. Fritz. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. World Health Organization Geneva. 3rd edition Switzerland 2000.
[4]. Diaz EO, Villar J, Immink M, Gonzales T. Bioimpedance or anthropometry?.European Jouranl of Clinical Nutrition 1989;43:129-37.
[5]. Malecka-Massalka T., Smolen A, Zubrzycki J, Lupa-Zatwarnicka K, Morshed K. Journal Physiol Pharmacol 2012;63:101-4

Abstract: To assess the hearing improvement and healing in the patients who have undergone various Tympanomastoid surgeries for different causes basing on the recording of the pure tone audiometry. Setting: Study was conducted in the Department of ENT & Head Neck Surgery, VSS Medical College & Hospital, Burla, Odisha. Patients: Study conducted in 260 patients, who presented with different complaints and undergone various tympanomastoid surgeries for varied tympanic membrane and middle ear pathologies. They were evaluated Pre operatively, Postoperatively and 3months follow up by clinical assessment and Pure tone audiometry for hearing. The hearing improvement was measured in terms of A-B gap and pure tone average. Results: Out of 260 patients.........

Keywords: Tympanoplasty, ossicles , conductive hearing loss, audiometry, tympanomastoid surgeries

[1]. Scott-Brown otolaryngology, Butterworth-Heinemann, 7th edn, 3/11/2-3
[2]. Gulati S P, Sachdeva O P , Kumar A , Chandra R, Sachdeva A (2002Mar); Audiological profile in chronic suppurative otitis media: Indian journal of Otology, vol 8, no 1, 24-28.
[3]. Handa K K , Mann S B S, Gupta A K , Handa A, (1996 April-June); sensorineural loss in unsafe chronic suppuirative otitis media in pediatric age group; I J O & HNS, Vol.48. No.2, 125-129.
[4]. Kaur k, Sonkhya N, Bapna A S; Chronic suppurative otitis media and Sensorineural hearing loss: IS there a correlation? ; Indian journal of otolaryngology and H N S; 2003:55;1;20 24
[5]. Gandhi B S, Agrawal A K (2001): Clinical profile of patients with complications following otitis media: I J O & H N S, Vol 53, No 1(Jan- Mar 2001): 11-13.

Abstract: Introduction: Epistaxis is one of the most common emergency situation in ENT.A prompt intervention along with detection of the site of offending vessel is the key in its management.The study is about different types of epistaxis we encounter and how we managed it. Materials & Methods: This prospective study was carried out among the patients presented with epistaxis at Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, from June 2015- July 2016. The patients who attended the ENT Out Patient Department(OPD), the ENT Emergency and the referred cases from other department, were included in this study. Results: During the period of study, a total 110 patients were studied and results were evaluated. Conclusion:We found two age groups,age less than 10 and more than 60 are the predominant to be affected. Abbreviations Used: SPA-Sphenopalatine artery, ANS-Anterior nasal space, PNS-Posterior nasal space, TCA-Trichloroacetic acid...........

[1]. Pallin DJ, Chng YM, McKay MP, et al. Epidemiology of epistaxis in US emergency departments, 1992 to 2001. Ann Emerg Med 46:77–81,2005.
[2]. Akinpelu OV, Amusa YB, Eziyi JA, Nwawolo CC: A retrospective analysis of aetiology and management of epistaxis in a south-western Nigerian teaching hospital. West Afr J Med 2009, 28:165-8.
[3]. Pond F, Sizeland A: Epistaxis. Strategies for management. AustFam Physician 2000, 29:933-8.
[4]. Yueng-Hsiang C, Jih-Chin L: Unilateral Epistaxis. New England Journal of Medicine 2009,361(9):14
[5]. Ciaran SH, Owain H: Update on management of epistaxis. The West London Medical Journal 2009, 1:33-41.

Abstract: Cholelithiasis is relatively rare in children but the increased use of ultrasonography has led to increased detection of asymptomatic gall stones in children. Gallbladder disease in children is evolving and studies suggest an ever increasing frequency of gallbladder disease and resultant cholecystectomies in children. The clinical picture of cholelithiasis in children is analyzed in the study. Methods: A cross-sectional study in the Department of Surgery, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur. The procedure and data collection were carried out for two calendar years from September 2015 to August 2017. Forty children less than 18 years were enrolled in the study........

Key words: Cholelithiasis, Childhood, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

[1]. Miltenburg DM, Schaffer R, Breslin T, Brandt ML. Changing indications for pediatric cholecystectomy. Pediatrics 2000;105(6):1250–3.
[2]. Glenn F. 25-years experience in the surgical treatment of 5037 patients with non-malignant biliary tract disease. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1959;109:591–606.
[3]. Shafer AD, Ashley JV, Goodwin CD, Nangas VN Jr, Elliott D. A new look at the multifactorial etiology of gallbladder disease in children. Am J Surg 1983;49(6):314–9.
[4]. Palasciano G, Portincasa P, Vinciguerra V, Velardi A, Tardi S, Baldassarre G, et al. Gallstone prevalence and gallbladder volume in children and adolescents: an epidemiological ultrasonographic survey and relationship to body mass index. Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84:1378–82.
[5]. Ganesh R, Muralinath S, Sankarnarayanan VS, Sathiyasekaran M. Prevalence of cholelithiasis in children: a hospital based observation. Indian J Gastroenterol 2005;24:85..

Abstract: Eclampsia still remains the 2 nd most common cause of maternal & perinatal mortality and morbidity. Hypertensive disorders complicating are common and form one of the deadly traid with hemorrhage and infection that results in much of the maternal mortality and morbidity related to pregnancy. Objective : To study the adverse effects of low dose mgso4 therapy,advantages in preventing and controlling the recurrence of convulsions in eclampsia while reducing toxicity. Material & Methods: A retrospective hospital based study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & gynecology of Guntur general hopsital; a tertiary health care referral centre in guntur, Andhra Pradesh over a period of 2 years from June 2015 to September 2017. Statistical analysis was not used since it is a descriptive study...........

Keywords: Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, MgSO4, Pritchards regimen, DIC.

[1]. D.C DUtta text book of obstetrics 4th edition pg 230-249.

[2]. Eclampsia collaborative trial;which anticonvulsant for women with eclampsia;lancet ,1995june10;345,1455 to 1463

[3]. Ian Donald;practical obstetrics problems.v edition ,pg 284-320

[4]. John stud;progress in obstetrics and gynaecogy .vol 13,1998 ,pg 177-189.

[5]. Sardesai suman,low dose mgso4 tailored tropical women" j.obstetrics gynecology Ind.vol 53.no6;nov/dec2003,pg 546-550.

Abstract: Acinetobacter species are aerobic gram negative coccobacilli. They are the most important nosocomial pathogens especially in critical care patients with mechanical or other artificial supports.1,2,3 The important nosocomial infections are blood stream infections , surgical site infections, pneumonia and urinary tract infections. As these organisms are becoming resistant to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, ureidopenicillins and third generation cephalosporins, Carbapenams are used to treat these infections caused by Acinetobacter species. Recently, it has been noted that these organisms show resistant for Carbapenams also. 4 This may limit the options for effective therapy for infections caused by this organism which may lead to outbreaks of Carbapenam resistant Acinetobacter species in the institution. Hence this study was designed to determine the prevalence of Imipenam resistant Acinetobacter species in varied samples received in the Microbiology laboratory at Velammal Meical College Hospital, which is a newly started tertiary care Medical college hospital at Madurai, Tamilnadu.

Keywords: Acinetobacter, Imipenam, Isolates,ventilator associated pneumonia)

[1]. K Prashanth, S Badrinath nosocomial infections due to acinetobacter species:clinical findings, risk and prognostic factors: indian journal of medical Microbiology, (2006) 24 (1):39-44
[2]. McDonald LC, Banerjee SN, Jarvis WR. Seasonal variation of Acinetobacter infections: 1987-1996.Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:1133–7. [PubMed]
[3]. Joshi SG, Litake GM, Satpute MG, Telang NV, Ghole VS, Niphadkar KB. Clinical and demographic features of infection caused by Acinetobacter species. Indian J Med Sci. 2006;60:351–60. [PubMed]
[4]. Fournier PE, Richet H. The epidemiology and control of Acinetobacter baumannii in health care facilities. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:692–9. [PubMed]
[5]. M. Dizbay, O. G. Tunccan, B. E. Sezer, et al., "Nosocomial Imipenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Epidemiology and Risk Factors," Scandanavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 42, No. 10, 2010, pp. 741-746..

Abstract: SealBio is a novel and innovative endodontic treatment protocol based on the regenerative concept for the treatment of pulpal and periapical involved mature teeth. The basis for success of an endodontic treatment is to remove all the causative debris, bacteria and their by products. Experiments in the past have shown that there was no difference in the healing of apical periodontitis with or without obturation if the root canals were thoroughly cleaned and debrided. This article reports and discusses the treatment of a non vital mature toothby this novel approach to achieve an apical seal with biological tissues rather than plugging the canal space with root canal obturating materials. Apical clearing, apical foramen widening and overinstrumentation into periapical region were done to induce bleeding near apical foramen. The clot formed at the apex provides a scaffold into which locally residing stem cells gets seeded and the healing process initiate. A seven month follow up reveals that.............

Keywords: Biological obturation technique, non-obturation root canal treatment, periapical healing, regenerative endodontic treatment, SealBio.

[1]. Shah N, Logani A. SealBio: A novel, nonobturation endodontic treatment based on concept of regeneration. J Conserv Dent 2012;15:328-32.
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[4]. Shah N, Logani A, Bhasker U, Aggarwal V. Revascularization for inducing apexogenesis/apexification in non-vital, immature permanent incisors: A pilot study. J Endod 2007;34:919-25.
[5]. Matusow RJ. Acute pulpal-alveolar cellulitis syndrome V. Apical closure of immature teeth by infection control: Case report and a possible microbial-immunologic etiology. Part 1. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1991;71:737-42.

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide occurring when fat is deposited (steatosis) in the liver not due to excessive alcohol use. The present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, to evaluate the utility of body mass index, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the characterization and diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A total of 100 subjects were selected in this study, of which 75 cases were nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients and 25 clinically healthy subjects as controls. The body mass index of all the cases (n=75) had above normal BMI values (> 25 kg/m2), among.......

Keywords: HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, serum triglycerides, total serum cholesterol.

[1]. Vernon G, Baranova A, Younossi ZM. Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2011; 34: 274 – 285.
[2]. Sen A, Kumar J, Misra RP, Uddin M, Shukla PC. Lipid profile of patients having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as per ultrasound findings in north Indian population: A retrospective observational study. J Med Allied Sci., 2013; 3(2): 59 - 62.
[3]. Williams CD, Stengel J, Asike MI, Torres DM, Shaw J, Contreras M. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis among a largely middle-aged population utilizing ultrasound and liver biopsy: a prospective study. Gastroenterology., 2011; 140: 124 - 131.
[4]. Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Diehl AM, Brunt EM, Cusi K, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Hepatology., 2012; 55: 2005 - 2023.
[5]. Barghouti NA, Younes LJ, Halaseh TT, Said SM, Ghraiz. High frequency of low serum levels of vitamin B12 among patients attending Jordan University Hospital. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal., 2009; 15: 853 - 860.

Abstract: Background: cardiac disease is one of the 3 major indirect causes of maternal mortality in india .ITcomplicates 1% of all pregnancies Objective of study:To evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in cardiac disease in pregnancy . Methods : a retrospective analysis was carried out in 70 pregnant women with known or recently diagnosed heart disease from aug-2015- aug 2017in a teritiary care hospital (GGH GUNTUR)

Keywords: Cardiac Disease, RHD, outcome, pregnancy, retrospective, NYHA class

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[2]. Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK (2004) The current evidence for the burden of group A streptococcal diseases (WHO/FCH/CAH/05.07). World Health Organization, GenevaGoogle Scholar

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[4]. Konar H, Chaudhuri S (2012) Pregnancy complicated by maternal heart disease: a review of 281 women. J ObstetGynaecol India 62(3):301–306CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar

[5]. Essop MR, Nkomo VT (2005) Rheumatic and nonrheumaticvalvular heart disease: epidemiology, management, and prevention in Africa. Circulation 112:3584–3591CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar.

Abstract: Introduction : Cervical cancer is the leading cancer in Indian women and second most common cancer in women worldwide next to breast cancer. Objectives : To study the age distribution, relative frequency of various cervical lesions and histopathological features of cervical lesions. Materials and Methods : This is a 2 years retrospective study of all cervical biopsies and hysterectomy specimens received from 2015 to 2017 in the department of pathology. Result : In a total of 635 cases studied 341 (53.7%) cases were non-neoplastic, 96 (15.11%) were preinvasive and 198 (31.18%) cases were malignant. Cervicitis was the most common non-neoplastic lesion and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common cancer...........

Keywords :Cervical Cancer, Cervicitis, Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia, Neoplastic, Non-neoplastic

[1]. Mahgoub et al. Histopathologicalpatterm of cervical lesions at Omdurman Military hospital, Sudan. Sch. J. App. Med. Sci. 2015 Nov; 3(8c): 2903-2907.
[2]. Nwachokor FN, Forae GC. Morphological spectrum of non-neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix in Warri, south-south, Nigeria. Niger J ClinPract. 2013 Oct-Dec; 16(4):429-32.doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.116883.
[3]. SrivaniSaravanan, Jonathan Arnold, Arul P. "Histomorphological Spectrum of Lesions of the Cervix, A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2015; July4(59): 10326-10329
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[5]. Jain A, Jain R, lqbal, G Kotteswaran, S Dhananjay, KambleS Dhananjay, Kamble T. Hisopathological study of tumors of cervix. Advances in cancer research and therapy 2014.; 1(2): 1-8.

Abstract: The prevention of dental caries searches for possibilities to control the pathogenic microbial flora by using natural products with prolonged discharged of the active ingredients and good penetration of the biofilm. The objective is to establish the effect of two dental preparations containing basil and eucalyptus oils on the salivary levels of Str. Mutans and Lactobacillus in in-vivo study. The study includes 90 clinically healthy individuals, randomly distributed in three groups – control, H3-treated and L3-treated. The applications are done on days 1,3,5,7 and 9. The effect on the microbial levels is analyzed with CRT bacteria test with incubator. The time control periods are 0, 10 and 30 days. The use of dental preparations H3 and L3 shows reduction of the cases of high salivary levels of Str. Mutans and Lactobacillus,..........

Keywords: cariogenic microorganisms, essential oils, antimicrobial action

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[2]. EA. Kidd, Saliva and caries in Essentials of dental caries. The disease and its management, Oxford University Press, 2005.

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[4]. J. Featherstone, Caries Prevention and Reversal Based on the Caries Balance. Pediatric dentistry, 28(2), 2006, 128-132.

[5]. I. Gera, The bacterial biofilm and the possibilities of chemical plaque control. Literature review. Fogorv Sz, 101(3), 2008, 91-99..

Abstract: Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in developed as well as in developing countries and is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. The highest prevalence rates of childhood obesity have been observed in developed countries; however its prevalence is increasing in developing countries as well.1 Obesity has emerged as one of the global health problems with 200 million school–aged children world-wide categorized as being overweight/obese, of which 40-50 million are obese.2 Most of the earlier studies done in children and adolescents in India have reported prevalence based on international cut – off points 3-11 , with a meta-analysis estimating the prevalence of overweight as 12.6% and obesity as 3.4% 12. Another multi-centric study reported an overall prevalence.........

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[5]. Mohan B, Kumar N, Aslam N, Rangbulla A, Kumbkarni S, Sood NK, et al. Prevalence of sustained hypertension and obesity in urban and rural school going children in Ludhiana. Indian Heart J. 2004;56:310-4..

Abstract: The use gene therapy technology to treat genetic diseases has achieved great success in last few years. The advance in biotechnology field provides much hope for the future of gene therapy and made this method possible to treat and cure many genetic, infectious and chronic diseases. Furthermore the unavailability of proper treatment and cure for many diseases made gene therapy urgent need. Gene therapy has sparked great interest because it offers the possibility of a permanent cure. The recent discoveries in DNA technology like miRNA and CRISPER/Cas9 simplify the difficulties and challenges in gene therapy like the gene vector and gene expression control. In addition, it is possible now to use gene therapy for germ-line correction.Gene therapy consistsof the introduction of.........

Keywords: Gene therapy, Developments, Disadvantages, Guidelines.

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Abstract: Stomatognathic system is the functional unit that performs masticatory tasks such as swallowing, speaking, and helps in esthetics.Occlusal splint therapy has been used routinely for diagnosis and treatment of various masticatory system disorders. Treatment with these appliances is non-invasive, reversible, and provides proper treatment. Literature provides an understanding of treatment protocol for the use of splints for temporomandibular disorders. The selection of particular splint design appropriate for patients' disorder will be facilitated by a better understanding of its physiologic and therapeutic effects. This review article enables reader with basic splint designs and explains how and when to use these effectively.

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