iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2020

Abstract: Background: Hereditary angioedema is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 50,000. It arises from gene mutations encoding for an important protease known as C1 inhibitor. These lead to an overshooting local production of bradykinin and a primarily vascular reaction. This rare disease forms a serious health problem for those affected patients and their families and is usually preceded by a delay in the diagnosis due its rarity and the way it mimics other disorders. A rare presentation of hereditary angioedema in the form of debilitating gastrointestinal symptoms makes this case unique. Case Summary: In this case report, we......

Keywords: Hereditary angioedema, Danazol, C1- INH deficiency

[1]. Papamanthos M, Matiakis A, Tsirevelou P, Kolokotronis A, Skoulakis H. Hereditary angioedema: three cases report, members of the same family. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2010;1(1):e9. Published 2010 Apr 1. doi:10.5037/jomr.2010.1109
[2]. Bork K, Hardt J, Schicketanz KH, Ressel N. Clinical studies of sudden upper airway obstruction in patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(10):1229-1235. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.10.1229
[3]. Steiner UC, Kölliker L, Weber-Chrysochoou C, et al. Food as a trigger for abdominal angioedema attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2018;13(1):90. Published 2018 Jun 5. doi:10.1186/s13023-018-0832-4
[4]. Zingale LC, Beltrami L, Zanichelli A, et al. Angioedema without urticaria: a large clinical survey. CMAJ. 2006;175(9):1065-1070. doi:10.1503/cmaj.060535
[5]. Perego F, Gidaro A, Zanichelli A, et al. Life expectancy in Italian patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(5):1772-1774. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.01.007

Abstract: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the breast can be either primary or secondary. Both are rare diseases. Primary breast lymphoma is an uncommon disease with poor clinical outcome. Breast lymphomas present less than 0.5% of malignant breast neoplasm and 2.2% of extra nodal lymphomas. We report a case of primary mammary non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a 70-year-old woman originally presented as locally advanced breast cancer with ulcerative skin changes. Clinical findings, diagnostic work-up, and follow-up are provided along with a review of the literature on primary mammary lymphoma..

Keywords: Breast mass, NHL, PBL , IHC

[1]. Jinming X, Qi Z, Xiaoming Z, Jianming T: Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the breast: mammography, ultrasound, MRI and pathologic findings. Futur Oncol 2012, 8(1):105–109.
[2]. Nicola A, Alessandro S, Roberto C, Giovanni B, Stefano T, et al: Primary breast lymphomas: a multicentric experience. World J Surg Oncol 2010, 8:53.
[3]. Ryan G, Martinelli G, Kuper-Hommel M, et al: Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the breast: prognostic factors and outcomes of a study by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group. Ann Oncol 2008, 19:233–241.
[4]. Seker M, Bilici A, Ustaalioglu BO, Yilmaz B, et al: Clinicopathologic features of the nine patients with primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the breast. Arch Gynecol Obstet2011, 284:405–409.
[5]. Duncan Virginia E, Reddy Vishnu VB, Jhala Nirag C, Chhieng David C, et al: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the breast: a review of 18 primary and secondary cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2006, 10:144–148

Abstract: Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequent and severe ocular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population in developed countries worldwide. DME is a major cause to vision loss and one of the main causes for decreased visual acuity in patients with diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence increases from 0 - 3% in individuals recently diagnosed with diabetes to 28-29% in those with diabetes duration of more than 20 years.(1) Untreated, patients with "clinically significant" DME' have a 32% 3-year risk of potentially disabling "moderate" visual loss. In addition to individual disability, the social and economic costs of the global diabetes pandemic and thus DME can hardly be overestimated.
Materials Laser ; Macular edema ; Retinopathy ; Vision.

[1]. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: XVII. The 14-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy and associatedrisk factors in type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology. 1998 Oct;105(10):1801–15.
[2]. National Diabetes Prevention Program | Diabetes | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2018 Jun 16]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/index.html
[3]. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy | JAMA Ophthalmology | JAMA Network [Internet]. [cited 2018 Jun 16]. Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/article-abstract/641178
[4]. Das T, Aurora A, Chhablani J, Giridhar A, Kumar A, Raman R, et al. Evidence-based review of diabetic macular edema management: Consensus statement on Indian treatment guidelines. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jan;64(1):14–25.
[5]. Akduman L, Olk RJ. Subthreshold (invisible) modified grid diode laser photocoagulation in diffuse diabetic macular edema (DDME). Ophthalmic Surg Lasers. 1999 Dec;30(9):706–14..

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of five different root canal sealers in dry and wet condition. There were 120 single-rooted teeth chemo-mechanically prepared and randomly assigned to 10 experimental groups, one control group (AH Plus, lateral condensation) (n=10) and positive/negative controls (n=5). The teeth of the experimental groups (a- dry; b- moist) were obturated with Grossman sealer, AH Plus, Gutta Flow 2, Apexit Plus, Tubli Seal in both dry and wet condition. Teeth were centrifuged at 30 G for 3 minutes with 5% methylene blue after sample preparation. Linear dye penetration was measured under a stereomicroscope after sectioning. Under the conditions of this study the best possible apical seal in dry condition was displayed by the sealers.....

Key words- Obturation, sealers, moisture, dye, microleakage

[1]. Schilder: Filling the root canal in three dimensions . (1967), Dental Clinics in North America ; Nov : 723-744
[2]. Friedman et al : In vitro resistance of coronally induced bacterial ingress by an experimental glass ionomer cement root canal sealer (2000), Journal of Endodontics; 33 (2): 121
[3]. Wesselink et al : Diminished leakage along root canals filled with gutta-percha without sealer : A laboratory study (2000), Int. Endodontic Journal; 26 (1); 1
[4]. Anger Manson B et al: Root fractures due to corrosion : Metallurgical aspects (1969): Odontol Review; 20 :245-66
[5]. Rud J Omnel : Root fractures due to corrosion : Diagnostic aspects (1970), Scandenevian Journal of Dental Res; 78 :397-403.

Abstract: Background:Maternal death is a tragedy for an individual woman, her family and the community. Globally, maternal mortality rate (MMR) is one the health status indicators of women in a country. We carried out a descriptive study in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SSMC & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2015 to June 2017. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to identify the underlying primary causes of maternal death. Methods:Purposive sampling method was applied to get desired number of samples. A total number of 48 cases were enrolled in this study. Ethical clearance was taken from the ethical committee of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Data were collected in a pre-designed data collection sheet from the records of maternal death cases of Mitford......

Keywords: Obstetrics, Maternal death, Facility Based Maternal Review

[1]. Report from WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division highlights progress, 12 November 2015, News release,GENEVA
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[3]. National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), MEASURE Evaluation I, B. Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2010, 2102 Dhaka, Bangladesh;
[4]. Factors Associated with Maternal Deaths in District and Upazila Hospitals of Bangladesh, Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2016; Vol. 31(1): 16-22
[5]. World Health Organization, UNICEF, United Nations Population Fund and the World Bank, Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2015, 2000 to 2017, WHO, Geneva

Abstract: Introduction-The World Health Organization (WHO) broadly defines a burn as an injury caused by heat (hot objects, gases or flames), chemicals, electricity, and lightning, friction or radiation.1 Annually, burns result in more than 7.1 million injuries, the loss of almost 18 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and more than 250,000 deaths worldwide.Burn injuries are more common in developing countries like India due to various socio-cultural factors namely illiteracy, poor living and housing conditions, poverty, poor substandard electrical wiring and malpractices like dowry. There is lack of awareness and ignorance regarding burn injuries coupled with the difficulty in accessing health-care services. Methods-This was a three and a half years.....

[1]. ICD-10: World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en. Accessed January 3, 2018.
[2]. Tripathee S, Basnet SJ. Epidemiology of burn injuries in Nepal: a systemic review. Burn Trauma. 2017;5(1):10.
[3]. Ahmad M, Yousaf A, Muslim M, Ahmad N, Maroof SA, Aurangzeb M. Epidemiology of burns in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital. J Med Sci. 2015;23(1):30-33.
[4]. Karimi H, Motevalian SA, Momeni M. Epidemiology of outpatient burns in Iran: an update. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2014;27(3):115-120.
[5]. Wardhana A, Basuki A, Prameswara ADH, Rizkita DN, Andarie AA, Canintika AF. The epidemiology of burns in Indonesia's national referral burn center from 2013 to 2015. Burn Open. 2017;1(2):67-73.

Abstract: Mixed germ cell tumour is a kind of testicular tumour with more than one germ cell component, and are more commoner than the pure histological forms[1]. We present a rare case of a mixed germ cell tumour composed of embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumour, presented as chest wall mass. This case is being reported here due to dilemmatic way of presentation and also to emphasize that histopathology can be misleading and immunohistochemistry is necessary in such cases.

Keywords: Testicular malignancy, mixed germ cell tumour, chest wall metastasis, orchidectomy

[1]. Bosl GJ, Motzer RJ. Testicular germ-cell cancer. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337(4) : 242 -53 [DOI][PubMed]
[2]. Kreydin EI, Barrisford GW, Feldman AS, Preston MA. Testicular cancer: what the radiologist needs to know. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013; 200(6):1215 -25 [DOI][PubMed]
[3]. Benedetti G, Rastelli F, Fedele M, Castellucci P, Damiani S, Crino L. Presentation of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor of the testis with symptomatic solitary bone metastasis. A case report with review of the literature. Tumor. 2006; 92(5) : 433 -6 [PubMed]
[4]. Gopalan A, Dhall D, Olgac S, et al. Testicular mixed germ cell tumors: a morphologicaland immunohistochemical study using stem cell markers, OCT3/4, SOX2 and GDF3, with emphasis on morphologically difficult-to-classify areas. Mod Pathol 2009; 22(8): 1066-74.
[5]. Ulbright TM. Testis risk and prognostic factors. The pathologist's perspective. Urol Clin North Am 1999; 26: 611-26.

Abstract: Introduction:The cardiovascular system is one of the major targets of thyroid hormone action, and is a reliable marker of peripheral thyroid hormone action. It is sensitive enough to detect the effects of thyroid hormone deficiency at tissue level, not only in patients with overt thyroid failure but also in individuals with milder one (Biondi and Klein, 2004). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on patients attending general medicine outpatient department of Area Hospital. Patients with clinical symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism were segregated from the patients attending the general medicine outpatient department and were subsequently made to undergo a thyroid function test. The patient group comprised of forty one (n = 41) individuals who were proven hypothyroid biochemically and with clinical......

Keywords: thyroid hormone, hypothyroidism, fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, palpitation

[1]. Biondi B, Klien I. Hypothyroidism as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Endocrine 2004: 24; 1-13
[2]. Klein I, Braunwald's heart disease- A textbook of cardiovascular Medicine, 9th edition, chapter86 part X, page 1838-1839.
[3]. Kabadi UM. Natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism during a prolonged follow up. Archives internal medicine 1993; 153: 952-961
[4]. Varma R, Jain AK, Ghose T. Heart in hypothyroidism- an echocardiographic study. JAPI 1996. 44(6): 390-392.
[5]. Al farttoosi AJM, Abdul-Ghafour AS, Al-Zaidi AS. Cardiovascular manifestations of primary hypothyroidism. IPMJ 2012; 9(2): 113-118..

Abstract: Background: The aim of the pap smear to prevent progression to cervical cancer. The Pap test, when combined with a regular program of screening and appropriate follow-up, can reduce cervical cancer deaths by up to 80%. In general, screening starts about the age of 20 or 25 and continues until about the age of 50 or 60, typically recommended every three to five years, if results are normal. Aim:The aim of the present study is a study of cervical pap smears was undertaken to identify the inflammatory, precancerous and cancerous lesions among women catering to the rural and urban population. Materials and Methods: Present study was conducted on 530 female patients above 20 years attending the Gynecology OPD in Madha Medical College, Chennai, during September 2016 to August 2018. Pap....

Keywords: Cervix, Pap smear, Reproductive age group.

[1]. Pap Smear: MedlinePlus Lab Test Information". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-07.
[2]. "Cervical Screening". NHS. 2017-10-20. Retrieved 2018-09-04. [3]. Arbyn M, Anttila A, Jordan J, Ronco G, Schenck U, Segnan N, Wiener H, Herbert A, von Karsa L (2010). "European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening. Second Edition—Summary Document". Annals of Oncology. 21 (3): 448–458.
[4]. 4.Barbara S.A and Zoschnick .L, Thomas C.W: American Family Physician: The 2001 Bethesda system Terminology pg 2, Nov 2003
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Abstract: For abdominal fascial closure various suture material and techniques has been used .the aim of this study was to compare the post operative wound complication by using mass closure technique with Polydiaxonone and polypropylene suture. Patients admitted in department of surgery , SMIMER hospital, Surat were included in this study. Total 100 patients included 50 in each group. the patients were followed-up 01, 02 weeks and then one month after surgery. People around 36-45 years age group formed the maximum numbers in this study. Male to Female ratio was 1.94.....

Keywords: Delayed absorbable sutures, Non-absorbable sutures, Abdominal fascia closure for laparotomy

[1]. Orr JW, Orr PF, Barret JM. Continuous or interrupted fascialclosure: a prospective evaluation of no. 1 Maxon suture in 402 gynecologic procedures. Am J ObstetGynecol(1990; 163: 1485-89)
[2]. Chana RS, Sexena YC, Agarwal A. A prospective study of closure technique of abdominal incisions in infants and children. J Indian Med Assoc (1980; 88:359-69)
[3]. Carlson MA: Acute wound failure. SurgClin North Am (1997;77:607-636)
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[5]. SrivastavaA,RoyS,ShayaKB,KumarA,ChumbarS,etal.Preventionofburstabdominal wound by a new technique: A randomized trial comparing continuous versus interruptedXsutures.IndJSurg(2004;66:19-27)

Abstract: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease of the oral cavity which is more commonly found in patients in the Asian subcontinent and the Far East. Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious, chronic, complex, crippling, debilitating, irreversible, progressive, scarring, potentially malignant and collagen metabolic disorder, induced by a known carcinogen arecanut; wherein the oral mucosa, and occasionally the pharynx and esophagus is subjected to various pathological changes with significant clinical manifestations at different stages of progression, leading to functional morbidity; and with a risk of malignant transformation in the overlying epithelium. Although the condition is mainly diagnosed based on classic clinical manifestations, the commonly used existing definition for oral submucousfibrosis is primarily based on histological features. Objectives: This review aims for collection and analysis of electronic data available for surgical management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis till date....

Keywords: Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Surgical management, Arecanut, Flaps, Grafts, review

[1]. Pindborg JJ, Sirsat SM. Oral submucous fibrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1966Dec;22(6):764–779.
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[3]. Sachdev PK, Jeanne Freeland-Graves J, Beretvas S, Sanjeevi N. Zinc, copper, and ironin oral submucous fibrosis: a meta-analysis. Int J Dent. 2018(4):1–14
[4]. More CB, Patel H. Trace elements in potentially oral malignant disorders and oralmalignant lesion - a biochemical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Dis. 2016;1(2):1–7.
[5]. Moher D, Liberti A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, and the PRISMA Group (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med 151:264-269.

Abstract: Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a prevalent and deadly cancer in women worldwide, ranking as the seventh most frequent. Aggressive surgery can improve survival but increases postoperative risks. High-grade serous EOC has an average survival of less than five years, though early diagnosis and successful surgery improve outcomes. Aim of the study: This study aims to identify possible risk factors and complications associated with poor outcomes after surgery in ovarian cancer patients. Methods: The cross-sectional study was....

Keywords: Risk Factors, Post-Surgical Complications and Ovarian Cancer.

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[3]. Ahmed N, Kadife E, Raza A, Short M, Jubinsky PT, Kannourakis G. Ovarian cancer, cancer stem cells and current treatment strategies: A potential role of magmas in the current treatment methods. Cells. 2020 Mar 14;9(3):719.
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[5]. Yang MQ, Elnitski L. A systems biology comparison of ovarian cancers implicates putative somatic driver mutations through protein-protein interaction models. PLoS One. 2016 Oct 27;11(10):e0163353..