iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2020

Abstract: Aims: To assess the pattern of untoward effects during maintenance haemodialysis. Methods: This cross sectional observational study was done in Adichunchanagiri medical college and research centre.B.G.Nagara100 subjects on maintenancehaemodialysis were included in this study. Results: Out of the total subjects 23%had hypotension,20%had muscle cramps,18% had dialysis disequilibriumsyndrome features,5%each had headache and itching and 3% had fever and chillsw. Conclusion:As many as three fourths of subjects on maintenancehaemodialysis had one or other untoward effects......

Keywords: Dialysis DisequilibriumSyndrome(DDS),End stage renal disease(ESRD),Maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),Quality of life(QOL),Simple random sampling(SRS)

[1]. Complications in hemodialysis: an overview JM Lazarus - Kidney International, 1980 – Elsevier
[2]. Chronic Kidney Disease in IndiaA Clarion Call for Change,Santosh Varugheseand Georgi Abraham
[3]. Spectrum of intradialytic complications during hemodialysis and its management: A single-center experience- Prabhakar, Rana Gopal Singh, Shivendra Singh, Surendra Singh Rathore, TauhidulAlam Choudhary
[4]. Spectrum of complications in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: An experience of a tertiary care center in Nepal- Bijay Bartaula1, Manish Subedi1, Mayank Mishra Kumar1, Monika Shrestha1, Navneet Bichha2, Bandana Mudbhari3
[5]. Incidence and Measures to Prevent Intradialytic Hypotension in Patients, on Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Centre in India- Malleshappa Pavan1*, Ravi Ranganath, Anup P Chaudhari2, Ashwinikumar Aiyangar3, Keerti L Upadhayaya4 and Hemant J Mehta

Abstract: Background and Aim Laryngoscopy and intubation are painful stimuli which invoke responses like tachycardia, hypertension and arrhythmias. The study aimed at comparing efficacy of pregabalin and melatonin for attenuation of hemodynamic stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation in patients posted for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods.....

Key words: Pregabalin,Melatonin,Laryngoscopy,Heamodynamic response

[1]. Baandrup L, Fagerlund B, Jennum P, Lublin H, Hansen JL, Winkel P, et al. Prolonged-release melatonin versus placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in patients with schizophrenia: A randomized clinical trial - The SMART trial protocol. BMC Psychiatry. 2011;11:160. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[2]. Maitra S, Baidya DK, Khanna P. Melatonin in perioperative medicine: Current perspective. Saudi J Anaesth. 2013;7:315–21. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[3]. Calandre, E. P.; Rico-Villademoros, F.; Slim, M. (2016). "Alpha2delta ligands, gabapentin, pregabalin and mirogabalin: a review of their clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 16 (11): 1263–1277.
[4]. Priyamvada Gupta, DurgaJethava, RuchikaChoudhary, and Dharam Das Jethava. Role of melatonin in attenuation of haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. Indian J Anaesth. 2016 Oct; 60(10): 712–718. . [PubMed]
[5]. Mohamed AA, Atef HM, El Kassaby AM, Ismail SA, Helmy AM. Effects of melatonin premedication on the hemodynamic responses and perfusion index during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Med J Cairo Univ. 2013;81:859–67.

Abstract: Background:A study to see if scleral tunnel based sutureless extracapsular cataract extraction with superior quadrant approach can correct pre-existing corneal astigmatism in soft cataracts of NS1 grade nuclear sclerosis in patients of younger age profile having 'with-the-rule' pattern of corneal astigmatism. Design: A prospective interventional study conducted at the ophthalmology centre of a military hospital. Participants: 47 eyes of 41 patients who underwent scleral tunnel based sutureless extracapsular cataract extraction were taken as the study group and a second group of 44 eyes of 38 patients whounderwent clear corneal incision based phacoemulsification surgery formed the control group.Methods:Only soft cataracts of NS1 grade nucleus having 'with–the-rule' corneal astigmatism were included in both the study and control groups. Keratometry measurements were done pre-operatively and at 6 weeks post-operative follow-up by zeissIOLMaster.Main outcome measure: The total surgical induced astigmatism....

Key words: Corneal astigmatism, Suturelessextracapsularcataract extraction, Phacoemulsification, Keratometry

[1]. RamanjitSihota, Radhika Tandon. Parsons‟ diseases of the Eye. 22nd Edition 2015. 262-263.
[2]. Barbara Boughton.Phaco and ECCE. EyeNet. American academy of ophthalmology. September 2020.
[3]. Tabin G, Chen M, Espandar L. Cataract surgery for the developing world.CurrOpinOphthalmol. 2008 Jan;19(1):55-9. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3282f154bd.
[4]. Larry Schwab , MD. A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial of Phacoemulsification vs Manual Sutureless Small-Incision Extracapsular Surgery in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jun;143(6):1069; author reply 1069. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2007.03.002.
[5]. (Original article in French) Ammous I, Bouayed E, Mabrouk S, Boukari M, Erraies K, Zhioua R . Phacoemulsification versus manual small incision cataract surgery: Anatomical and functional results.J Fr Ophtalmol. 2017 Jun;40(6):460-466. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.02.005.Epub 2017 May 31.

Abstract: Purpose - To study the ophthalmoscopic features in patients of anaemia Methods- This was prospective observational study that involved 200 eyes of 100 patients with anaemia Complete ophthalmic examination was done in diffuse light followed by direct opthalmoscopic examination and optical coherence tomography. Results- There were 77 females and 23 males .Ophthalmic features of anaemia include reduced visual acuity in some patients.Patient included in study with anaemia due to iron deficiency, megaloblastic anemia, thalassemia and leukemia .Fundus findings....

Keywords: Anaemia, Roth spot, Preretinal and intraretinal haemorrhage, Cotton wool spot, Retinal edema

[1]. Lanf GE, Spraul CW, Lang GK. Ocular manifestation of hematological diseases. Klin Monatsbl Augenheik 1998;212: 419-27.
[2]. Kaur B, Taylor D. Fundus hemorrhages in infancy. Surv Ophthalmol 1992;37:1-17.
[3]. Loewenstein JI. Retinopathy associated with blood anomalies. In: Jakobieck F (ed). Clinical Ophthalmology. Revised ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1995;3(85): 995-1000.
[4]. Carraro MC, Rossetti L, Gerli GC. Prevalence of retinopathy in patients with anemia or thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 2001;67:238-44
[5]. Weiss LM. Anemic Retinopathy. Pa Med 1966 Jun;69(6):35-6.

Abstract: Background: Ocular trauma is a major cause of visual morbidity. The visual impairment caused due to blunt ocular trauma has been neglected in developing countries. Purpose: To study the prevalence of visual impairment in victims of blunt ocular trauma presenting to a tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective study which included 100 patients who presented to MLB Medical college,Jhansi with history of blunt trauma to one or both eyes. Demographic data, detailed history, clinical data, best-corrected visual acuity of all patients were noted at presentation. Patients treated medically and depending on their condition, surgical intervention done as required. Follow-up was done after 1-week, 1-month, 6-months, and 1-year of presentation.....

Key words: Morbidity, Trauma, Visual impairment

[1]. Parver LM. Eye trauma. The neglected disorder. Arch Ophthalmol 1986;104:1452-3.
[2]. Négrel AD, Thylefors B. The global impact of eye injuries. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 1998;5:143-69.
[3]. Katz J, Tielsch JM. Lifetime prevalence of ocular injuries from the Baltimore eye survey. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:1564-8.
[4]. Schein OD, Hibberd PL, Shingleton BJ, Kunzweiler T, Frambach DA, Seddon JM, et al. The spectrum and burden of ocular injury. Ophthalmology 1988;95:300-5.
[5]. McCarty CA, Fu CL, Taylor HR. Epidemiology of ocular trauma in Australia. Ophthalmology 1999;106:1847-52..

Abstract: Lymphoid hyperplasia of the palate is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder which may be clinically and histopathologically confused with lymphomas. It is an extremely rare clinical entity with less than 25 cases reported in the English language literature.It is more common in female patients and presents as a painless, firm, well-demarcated, usually non-ulcerated, slow-growing lesion on the palate that histopathologically may resemble a lymphoma. The diagnostic challenge is to distinguish follicular lymphoid hyperplasia which is a benign disease with excellent prognosis from that of lymphomas which carries a grim prognosis. Histopathological examination will be indicative of the benign nature of FLH, however, the diagnosis will have to be substantiated with Immunohistochemical.....

Key Word: Lymphoid hyperplasia;Benigntumour of oral cavity; Lympho proliferative lesion

[1]. Eversole LR: Clinical Outline of Oral Pathology: Diagnosis and Treatment (Ed 2). Philadelphia, PA, Lea &Febiger, 1984
[2]. Block P, Van Delden L, van der Waal I: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the hard palate. J Oral Surg 47:445, 1979
[3]. Tomich CE, Shafer WG: Lymphoproliferative disease of the hard palate: A clinicopathologic entity. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PathoI39:754, 1975
[4]. Eversole LR: Clinical Outline of Oral Pathology: Diagnosis and Treatment. Shelton, CT: People's Medical Publishing House- USA, 2011, pp. 259-260
[5]. Kemp S, Gallagher G, Kabani S, et al: Oral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Review of the literature and World Health Organization classification with reference to 40 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 105:194, 2008

Abstract: Background/Objective: To estimate the age by radiographic prediction method and to validate the equation of Cameriere in 5-15 years of children of Ahmedabad city population. To compare observed age with estimated age and to formulate new regression equation for children if Cameriere equation is not validated. Method:Orthopantomographs taken from 300 children of Ahmedabad city aged between 5-15 years were analyzed. Following the Cameriere equation, subjects' age was modeled as a function of gender(g),region of the country© and morphological variable:x5(the distance between the inner sided of the open apex of second premolar divided by the tooth length), s(x1+x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7)sum of normalized open apices,N0(the number of teeth with root development complete)......

Key words: Forensic Odontology, Age estimation, Open apices, Regression equation.

1]. AttiguppePR,YavagalC,MagantiR,Mythri P,Age Assessment in Children:A NovelCameriere's Stratagem. Int J Clin PediatrDent2016;9(4):330-334.
[2]. Halcrow SE, Tayles N, Buckley HR, Age estimation of children from prehistoricSoutheast Asia: are the dental formation methods
used appropriate? J Arch Sci 2007; 34(7): 1158-1168.
[3]. Willems G, Moulin-Romsee C, Solheim T, Nondestructive dental age calculation methodsin adults: intra and inter-observer effects.
Foren Sci Int 2002; 126(3): 221-226.
[4]. Kotecha SD Dental Age Estimation in Children: A Review. Forensic Res Criminol Int J2016; 3(1): 00085.
[5]. Cameriere R, De Angelis D, Ferrante L, Scarpino F, Cingolani M. Age estimation in children by measurement of open apices in teeth.A European formula. Int J Legal Med 2007; 121: 449-53.

Abstract: Objective: In this study was designed to see the risk factors of UTI in pregnant women and the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women. Methods: In this case control study, women enrolled in antenatal OPD of tertiary medical college and hospital, Dhaka during July, 2018 to December 2019, were randomly allocated into case and control group. The inclusion criteria for pregnant women during the 13th - 26th weeks of pregnancy in the case group was the positive urine cultures of bacteria (more than 10 5 colonies growth in a standard positive urine culture). The same with negative culture was control group. Then parameters such as parity, sexual activity, type of delivery, and infants' birth weight were recorded in questionnaire. Results: Incidence of UTI in mid trimester pregnancy....

Keywords- Urinary tract infection (UTI), maternal outcome, perinatal outcome

[1]. Bacak SJ, Callaghan WM, Dietz PM, Crouse C. Pregnancy associated hospitalizations in the United States, 1999-2000. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005; 192(2):592–7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.638.
[2]. Emilie Katherine Johnson, MD, Edward David Kim, MD, FACS. UTIs in pregnancy. Update: March 29, 2011.
[3]. Ullah MA, Barman A, Siddique MA, et al: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its consequences in pregnancy in a rural community of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 2007, 33: 60-64.
[4]. Loh KY, Silvalingam N. Urinary tract infections in pregnancy. Malaysian family physician. 2007; 2(2):54-57.
[5]. Haider G, Zehra N, Afroze Munir A, et al: Risk factors of urinary tract infection inpregnancy. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010, 60: 213-216.
[6]. Nandy P, Thakur AR, Ray CS: Characterization of bacterial strains isolated through microbial profiling of urine samples. On Line J Biol Sci. 2007, 7: 44-51..

Abstract: Internal resorption is an insidious process and commonly found with the history of trauma. The involved tooth is asymptomatic. It is relatively a rare resorption, begins in root canal and destroys dentinal hard tissues. Transformation of normal pulp to granulomatous tissue consisting giant cells which resorb dentin leads to resorption. Other factors like caries, restorative procedures, orthodontic procedures and idiopathy may be considered. It can be found in all areas of tooth but most commonly in cervical third. It is very important to diagnose this condition and render an early treatment. The treatment must aim at complete removal of the resorptive tissue from the root canal system to stop further loss of dentin......

Key words: Internal root resorption, Dentinoclast, Pink tooth, CBCT, Ultrasonic, Thermoplasticised gutta- parcha, Hybrid technique, MTA

[1]. Tronstad L : Root Resorption – Etiology, Treminology and clinical manifestations. Endod Dent Traumatol 4:241,1988
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[3]. Silveria FF, Nunes E, Soares JA, Ferreria CL, Rotstein I. Double "pink tooth‟ associated with extensive internal root resorption after orthodontic treatment: a case report. Dent Traumatol2009;25:43–47.
[4]. Ashrafi MH, Sadeghi EM. Idiopathic multiple internal resorptions: report of case. ASDC J Dent Child 1980;47:196–199.
[5]. Brady J, Lewis DH. Internal resorption complicating orthodontic tooth movement. Br J Orthod1984;11:155–157.
[6]. Brooks JK. An unusual case of idiopathic internal root resorption beginning in an unerupted permanent tooth. J Endod1986;12:309–310.

Abstract: Introduction: Laparoscopic port site infections have emerged to become an important post laparoscopic morbidity. The aim of the study wasto analyze the contemporary data of laparoscopic surgery associated with ports in the site infectionsand to find out the treatment for it. Methods:This prospective study was conducted in the Department of surgery in EnamMedical College Hospital, Bangladesh during the period from 8 May 2010 to 10 June 2011. 156 study people were selected for the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS-10 and MS-Excel 2016. Result: In total 156 patients were selected for the study,maximum patients found in 40-60 that was 86(55.13%) and most of them were female patients......

Key words: post laparoscopic complications, port site infections, laparoscopic surgery

[1]. Lei QC, Wang XY, Zheng HZ, Xia XF, Bi JC, Gao XJ, Li N. Laparoscopic Versus Open Colorectal Resection Within Fast Track Programs: An Update Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials. J Clin Med Res 2015; 7: 594-601 [PMID: 26124904 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2177w]
[2]. Deng Y, Zhang Y, Guo TK. Laparoscopy-assisted versus open distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer: A meta-analysis based on seven randomized controlled trials. SurgOncol 2015; 24: 71-77 [PMID: 25791201 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2015.02.003]
[3]. Mehrabi A, Hafezi M, Arvin J, Esmaeilzadeh M, Garoussi C, Emami G, Kössler-Ebs J, Müller-Stich BP, Büchler MW, Hackert T, Diener MK. A systematic review and meta-analysis of laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy for benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas: it's time to randomize. Surgery 2015; 157: 45-55 [PMID: 25482464 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.06.081]
[4]. BhaveChittawar P, Franik S, Pouwer AW, Farquhar C. Minimally invasive surgical techniques versus open myomectomy for uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 10: CD004638 [PMID: 25331441 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004638.pub3]
[5]. Esposito C, St Peter SD, Escolino M, Juang D, Settimi A, Holcomb GW. Laparoscopic versus open inguinal hernia repair in pediatric patients: a systematic review. J LaparoendoscAdvSurg Tech A 2014; 24: 811-818 [PMID: 25299121 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2014.0194] 6 Zacks SL, Sandler RS, Rutledge R, Brown RS. A population-based cohort..

Abstract: Background: The stomach is a muscular bag fixed at both ends, mobile elsewhere, extends from the lower end of oesophagus to the first part of duodenum. It lies in the epigastric, umbilical, and left hypochondric areas surrounded by supracolic compartment of the peritoneal cavity. The ligaments of stomach are peritoneal folds which connect the stomach with diaphragm (Gastrophrenic), spleen (Gastrosplenic) colon (Gastro colic), and with liver (Lesser omentum) having surgical importance. Methods: The study was conducted on 70 adult cadavers obtained from department of Anatomy, depatment of forensic medicine and 30 dead fetuses obtained from.....

Key words: stomach, diaphragam, lymphatic drainage, mucosal pattern

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