iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2021

Abstract: L'hypertrophie osseuse complique la réhabilitation prothétique vu l'ensemble des problématiques qu'elle présente. L'élaboration d'un projet prothétique demeure toujours d'un grand intérêt diagnostic et thérapeutique. L'étude des modèles secondaires sur articulateur et la réalisation des cires de diagnostic permettent de planifier un plan de traitement idéal et de mener de façon prédictible toutes les étapes cliniques et de laboratoire. De plus, devant une hypertrophie osseuse, le projet prothétique permet de quantifier les corrections indiquées et de matérialiser, valider le résultat final en assurant une restauration prothétique avec un rendu esthétique et fonctionnel satisfaisant..........

Key Word: Prosthetic project, occlusal plan, selective grinding, guided surgery.

[1]. Horning GM, Cohen ME, Neils TA: Buccal alveolar exostoses: prevalence, characteristics, and evidence for buttressing bone Periodontol. 2000 ; 71 (6): 1032-42.
[2]. Oualalou Y, Azaroual MF, Zaoui F, Chbicheb S, Berrada S. Prévalence et caractéristiques cliniques des hypertrophies osseuses buccales dans une population marocaine. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac Chir Orale 2014; 115: 268-273.
[3]. Regragui A, Sefrioui A, Merzouk N, Berrada S. Hypertrophie osseuse buccale chez l'édenté complet : une fatalité à contourner. Actual Odonto-Stomatol. 2016 ; 275: 1-7.
[4]. Sefrioui A, Berrada S. Aménagement de l'espace prothétique en prothèse amovible complète (à propos d'un cas clinique). Act Odont Stomat. 2005; 230:123-136.
[5]. F. GUESSOUS DOSS, L. FAJRI, M. BAGUI, N. MERZOUK, Hypertrophie osseuse et réhabilitation prothétique par prothèse amovible complète immédiate d'usage, Stratégie prothétique janvier-février, 2017 vol 17, n° 1

Abstract: Diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a toxin-mediated upper respiratory tract infection. It spreads by airborne respiratory droplets and commonly affects children. The implementation of a Universal Immunization Program has resulted in a decline in the incidence. Over the last decade, the re-emergence of this infection has been noted and case reports from India have been on the rise. India represents nearly 78% of globally reported cases with significant mortality despite national immunization programs in place.We report a 7 year old male child presented with complaints of fever for 4 days which is high grade, continuous and associated with chills and sore throat since 4 days. He later developed breathlessness since the last 2 days , dysphagia and hoarseness of voice. On examination child is very sick looking ,febrile, tachycardia, tonsillar and nasal membrane present which is covering the external nasal openings, respiratory distress present. The child was diagnosed as a case of Diphtheria with tonsillar and nasal membrane.

Keywords: Corynebacterium ,Diphtheria, membrane , antitoxin

[1]. Ghosh A, Laxminarayan R. Demand- and supply-side determinants of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus nonvaccination and dropout in rural India. Vaccine 2017;35:1087-93.
[2]. Devi U, Baruah PJ, Borah PK, Mahanta J, Dutta P. Report of diphtheria cases & surveillance among contacts in Dibrugarh, Assam, India. Indian J Med Res 2017;145:847-8
[3]. Phalkey RK, Bhosale RV, Joshi AP, Wakchoure SS, Tambe MP, Awate P, et al. Preventing the preventable through effective surveillance: The case of diphtheria in a rural district of Maharashtra, India. BMC Public Health 2013;13:317-7.
[4]. Murray CJL, Shengelia B, Gupta N, Moussavi S, Tandon A, Thieren M. Validity of reported vaccination coverage in 45 countries. Lancet 2003; 362: 1022-1027.
[5]. Becker H. Problems of inference and proof in participant observation. Am Sociol Rev 1958; 23: 652-660.

Abstract: To evaluate management of Iatrogenic Neurotrophic keratitis with autologous serum treatment in 14 patients affected by Neurotrophic Keratitis.

[1]. B. A. Noble, R. S. K. Loh, S. MacLennan et al., "Comparison of autologous serum eye drops with conventional therapy in a randomised controlled crossover trial for ocular surface disease," British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 88, no. 5, pp. 647–652, 2004.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
[2]. G. G. Quinto, M. Campos, and A. Behrens, "Autologous serum for ocular surface diseases," Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 47–54, 2009.View at: Google Scholar
[3]. M. E. Stern, R. W. Beuerman, R. I. Fox, J. Gao, A. K. Mircheff, and S. C. Pflugfelder, "The pathology of dry eye: the interaction between the ocular surface and lacrimal glands," Cornea, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 584–589, 1998.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
[4]. M. E. Stern, J. Gao, K. F. Siemasko, R. W. Beuerman, and S. C. Pflugfelder, "The role of the lacrimal functional unit in the pathophysiology of dry eye," Experimental Eye Research, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 409–416, 2004.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar
[5]. M. Rolando, "Sjögren's syndrome as seen by an ophthalmologist," Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, Supplement, vol. 30, no. 115, pp. 27–33, 2001.View at: Google Scholar

Abstract: Most of cancer metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes is from cancers of the mucosal surfaces of the upper aerodigestive tract. The second most common source of metastasis is nonmucosal tumors in the head and neck such as salivary glands, thyroid glands and skin [1]. Cancers originating from sites other than the head and neck can rarely metastasize to the cervical lymph nodes. However, neoplasms of the genitourinary tract make up a significant proportion of these cancers and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neoplastic lesions of the head and neck [2]. Review of the literature suggests that in elderly male patients with neck masses, prostate carcinoma should be ruled out......

[1]. Copeland B, Clark JM, Sura A, Kilpatrick SE, Shockley W, Meredith S. Prostate carcinoma metastatic to the cervical lymph nodes: report of two cases and review of the literature. American journal of oto- laryngology. 2001; 22(6):420-3.
[2]. Ogunyemi O, Rojas A, Hematpour K, Rogers D, Head C, Bennett C. Metastasis of genitourinary tumors to the head and neck region. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2010; 267(2):273-9.
[3]. Larson JT, Adams GL, Fattah HA. Survival statistics for multiple primaries in head and neck cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1990;103:14–24.
[4]. Pacheco-Ojeda L, Micheau C, Luboinski B, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract associated with well- differentiated carcinoma of the thyroidgland. Laryngoscope. 1991;101:421–424.
[5]. K. Hematpour, C. J. Bennett, D. Rogers, and C. S. Head, "Supr- aclavicular lymph node: incidence of unsuspected metastatic prostate cancer," European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 263, no. 9, pp. 872–874, 2006.

Abstract: The female condom (FC) is among the barrier method that provides double protection against unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV and AIDS. Globally, by the year 2012, the distribution of the female condom had increased to 60 million units per year. In South Africa, policymakers recognize the role of female condoms and have included them in the policy for contraception and dual protection. The female condom was introduced in Kenya 25 years ago but the utilization rates are still low at a prevalence rate of 10.8% (Boraya et al., 2018). Worldwide, youths are more sexually active than any other population group. This in return predisposes them to risks like unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and sexually Transmitted Infections including HIV/AIDS (Access, 2017)..........

[1]. Access, O. (2017). Undergraduate students of a tertiary institution in Kano State, Nigeria 2016, 8688, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2017.26.103.11436
[2]. Adebusoye- Makinwa, P. (2001). Sociocultural Factors affecting Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa. Workshop on Prospects for Fertility Decline in High Fertility Countries, (June), 2–16.
[3]. Aids, N., & Council, C. (2018). Kenya HIV estimates.
[4]. Ananga, M. K., Kugbey, N., Akporlu, J. M., & Oppong Asante, K. (2017). Knowledge, acceptance and utilization of the female condom among women of reproductive age in Ghana. Contraception and Reproductive Medicine, 2(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40834-017-0042-9
[5]. B, A. U., Ekott M I, & Udo A E. (2014). Male condom: Knowledge and practice among undergraduates of a tertiary institution in Nigeria. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2(1), 2326–7234. Retrieved from http://internationalscholarsjournals.org/download.php?id=170663941579615671.pdf&type=application/pdf&op=1

Abstract: Takayasu arteritis is a rare, chronic ,inflammatory, progressive, idiopathic arteriopathy ,affecting young women of reproductive age group causing narrowing, occlusion and aneurysm of systemic and pulmonary arteries, especially aorta and its branches. Takayasu arteritis has higher prepordance for women in reproductive age group in second and third decade of life. The diagnosis is based on combination of clinical history, physical examination, clinical suspicion, vascular imaging technique. The etiology is unknown and treatment is aimed at controlling the inflammatory process and preventing secondary sequelae particularly systemic arterial hypertension. An interdisciplinary collaboration of Obstetricians ,cardiologist and neurologist is necessary to improve maternal and fetal prognosis.

Keywords: Takayasu arteritis, idiopathic arteriopathy, interdisciplinary collaboration.

[1]. wike WS .Large vessel vasculitis (Takayasu arteritis,giant cell arteritis).Bailliers Colin Rhematology .1997;11(2):285-313
[2]. Numano F .Hereditary factors of Takayasu arteritis.Heart vessels .1992;7:68-72.
[3]. Beilin Y ,Bernstein H- successful epidural anaesthesia for a patient with Takayasu arteritis presenting for cesarean section.can J Anaesth,1993;40:64-66.
[4]. Ishikawa k,Matsumura S-Occlusive thromboaortapathy (Takayasu disease ) and pregnancy .clinical course and management of 33 pregnancies and deliveries.Am J Cardiologist ,1982;50:1293-1300
[5]. Ioscovi h A,Gislason R,Fadeev A et al-Peripartum anaesthetic management of patients with Takayasu arteritis:case series and review .Int J Obstetrics Anaesth,2008;17:358-364

Abstract: Introduction: Locally advanced Head and neck cancers (LAHNSCCs) are commonest mode of presentation in HNSCC (Head neck squamous cell carcinoma) in Rural area in india.The use of induction chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced squamous cell HNC become to be an attractive treatment option . The dramatic tumor response seen in Treatment naïve patients after cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens would definitely suggest that an improvement in. locoregional control and even survival should also result. In our study NACT(neoadjuvant chemotherapy) were given to all LAHNSCC patients followed by comparison between chemoradiation versus only radiation in rural medical college..........

Key Words: LAHNCC, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy

[1]. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018; 68:394. [2]. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 2020; 70:7. [3]. Gatta G, Botta L, Sánchez MJ, et al. Prognoses and improvement for head and neck cancers diagnosed in Europe in early 2000s: The EUROCARE-5 population-based study. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51:2130. [4]. Shah SB, Sharma S, D'Cruz AK. Head and neck oncology: The Indian scenario. South Asian J Cancer. 2016;5(3):104-105. doi:10.4103/2278-330X.187572. [5]. Al-Sarraf M, Pajak TF, Marcial VA, et al. Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with cisplatin in inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. An RTOG study. Cancer 1987;59:259–65.

Abstract: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age affecting 5 to 10% of women worldwide. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM in the year 2003 standardized the definition of PCOS, which is characterized by a combination of oligomenorrhea / amenorrhea, clinical or endocrine signs of hyperandrogenemia and polycystic ovaries
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Narayan medical college, Sasaram in pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic, satisfying the inclusion criteria. It is an Observational Longitudinal study. We have studied the outcome of pregnancy in the patients who were a known case of PCOS. The women met the following criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS. All Patients who were diagnosed cases of PCOS, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria was selected as cases and age matched control were selected from OPD. Patients was recruited till sample size reached...........

Key Word: PCOS, PRE-ECLAMPSIA, GDM, APGAR SCORE

[1]. Shivananjaiah C, Kannan A, Devi M, Satish D, Ramaiah R. Polycystic ovarian syndrome and pregnancy outcome.IJRCOG 2017;6(9):3804–7.
[2]. Sterling L, Liu J, Sc HB, Okun N, Sc MH. Pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril . 2012;105(3):791- 797.e2.
[3]. Vijaya UA, K PR, Mallesh m, u av. assessment of pregnancy outcomes in womens with polycysticovarian syndrome ( pcos ). JGTPS,2015;6(3):2712–5.
[4]. Kamalanathan S, Sahoo JP, Sathyapalan T. Review Article Pregnancy in polycystic ovary syndrome. indian J endocrinology metabolism 2013;17(1):37–43.
[5]. Rosenfield RL, The Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Hypothesis of PCOS as Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism Revisited. Endocr Rev.2016 ; 37(5): 467–520.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION : Respiratory distress constitutes one of the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. It is commonly seen within first 48-72 hours of life. AIM : To find out incidence, causes and outcome of respiratory distress in inborn neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS : All inborn neonates admitted in NICU of CUSMCH, from a period of 6 months (Jan 2021 to June 2021), who developed respiratory distress are included in this study. RESULTS : Of all the inborn deliveries during our study period, 6.2% developed respiratory distress. It constitutes 23.8% of the NICU admissions........

[1]. Kumar A, Bhat BV. Respiratory distress in newborn. Indian Journal of Maternal and Child Health. 1996 ;7(1)08-10. Maheshwari HB, Teja K, Rani S, Kumar S. Causes of late fetal and neonatal deaths. Indian Pediatr. 1971;8:417- 20.
[2]. Tibrewala NS, Bhat S, Pai PM, Soneji JS. Autopsies in newborns: A study of 356 cases. Indian Pediatr. 1975;12:233-37.
[3]. Banerjee CK, Narang A, Bhakoo ON. Aikas BK. The causes of neonatal mortality: An analysis of 250 autopsies on newborn infants. Indian Pediatr. 1975;12:1247-52.
[4]. Dear PRF, Fife A. Pneumonia. In: Greenough A, Milner AD. (eds). Neonatal respiratory disorders (Second edition) 2003; London: Arnold: 21: 278-310.
[5]. Duke T. Neonatal pneumonia in developing countries.
[6]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2005; 90: F211-19.

Abstract: Background: Intestinal stoma is a very commonly performed procedure with a high rate of complications. This results in a high rate of morbidity and psychological distress for the patients. This study was undertaken to study the various types of complications in different types of intestinal stomas and their management. Materials and Methods Complications were studied in 100 patients undergoing stoma formation at Government General Hospital, Guntur, from January 2019 to December 2020. Both elective and emergency procedures were included in the study. Data was collected by following up the patient postoperatively either by phone or in person........

Key Words: Intestinal stomas, complications, management.

[1]. Harris D A, Egbeare D, Jones S, Benjamin H, Woodward A, Foster M E. Complications and mortality following stoma formation. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2005;87(6):427–431 [2]. Shellito P C. Complications of abdominal stoma surgery. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998;41(12):1562–1572. [3]. Shabbir J, Britton D C. Stoma complications: a literature overview. Colorectal Dis. 2010;12(10):958–964. [4]. Gooszen A W, Geelkerken R H, Hermans J, Lagaay M B, Gooszen H G. Quality of life with a temporary stoma: ileostomy vs. colostomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2000;43(5):650–655. [5]. Vermeulen J, Gosselink M P, Busschbach J J, Lange J F. Avoiding or reversing Hartmann's procedure provides improved quality of life after perforated diverticulitis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2010;14(4):651–657.

Abstract: Background- Air pollution is a major cause of premature death and disease, and is the largest environmental health threat globally The fast urbanization and economic expansion are principally driven by the tremendous use of fossil fuels, bringing about a dramatic increase in emissions of both ambient air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Methods- Study Comprises of total 100 subjects of both sex in the age group of 18 to 25 years The subjects were divided into two groups. People residing in Madikeri since birth were selected for hilly area group and people living in major city like Bengaluru were selected for urban area group. Pulmonary function test with all essential parameters were assessed. Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in one second, and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate were recorded using hand held computerized spirometer........

Key Words: COPD, FVC, FEV1, PEFR, PM, WHO, SO2, O3, NO2.

[1]. [last accessed on 2011 September 20]. Available from: http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-provresults/data_files/delhi/0_PDFC-Paper-1-2011%20NCT%20of%20 Delhi_9.pdf . [2]. Cropper Maureen L, Simon Nathalie B, Alberini Anna, Sharma P. K The World Bank Development Research Group. 1997. Dec, [last accessed on 2011 September 20]. The Health Effects of Air Pollution in Delhi, India, Available from: http://www.airimpacts.org/documents/local/WB_WPS1860_Delhi_AQ.pdf . [3]. White Paper on Pollution in Delhi with an Action Plan, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government Of India. 1997. [last accessed on 2011 September 20]. Available from: http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/cpoll/delpolln.html . [4]. WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide, Global update 2005, Summary of risk assessment. [last accessed on 2011 September 20]. Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf . [5]. [last accessed on 2011 September 20]. Available from: http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/en