iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2021

Abstract: Background:G6PD deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans affecting around 400 million people worldwide. It is inherited as an x linked fashion. The enzyme glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) when deficient leads to impaired production of reduced glutathione and predisposes the red cells to damage by oxidative metabolites causing haemolysis.1Deficient neonates may manifest clinically with indirect hyperbilirubinemia or even kernicterus Case Report:Here is a second born male baby born to non-consanguineous parents, through normal vaginal delivery, cried immediately after birth.....

Keywords: G6PD deficiency, jaundice, vitamin k,kernicterus

[1]. Cappellini MD, Fiorelli G. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Lancet. 2008 Jan 5;371(9606):64-74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60073-2. PMID: 18177777 [2]. Nair PA, Al Khusaiby SM. Kernicterus and G6PD deficiency--a case series from Oman. J Trop Pediatr. 2003 Apr;49(2):74-7. doi: 10.1093/tropej/49.2.74. PMID: 12729287. [3]. Harcke SJ, Rizzolo D, Harcke HT. G6PD deficiency: An update. JAAPA. 2019 Nov;32(11):21-26. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000586304. 65429.a7. PMID: 31609781. [4]. .Mason PJ, Bautista JM, Gilsanz F. G6PD deficiency: the genotype-phenotype association. Blood Rev. 2007 Sep;21(5):267-83. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2007.05.002. Epub 2007 Jul 3. Erratum in: Blood Rev. 2010 Jan;24(1):49. PMID: 17611006.
[5]. National Organization for Rare Disorders. https://rarediseases. org/rare-diseases/glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-defi ciency. Accessed July 24, 2019.

Abstract: Background: Childhood pancreatitis is an uncommon but serious condition with incidence on the rise. It manifests as acute or chronic form with epigastric pain, vomiting and elevated serum amylase and lipase. The acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas that may extend to local and distant extra pancreatic tissues. It can be associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study was conducted with the aims to determine clinical presentation, etiology and complications of acute pancreatitis in children. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition of Bangladesh.......

Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, clinical features, etiology

[1]. Maharaul HH, Dhorajia D et al. "A single institute study of clinical profile of acute pancreatitis". Indian journal of applied Research. 2015;5 (10): ISSN 2249-555.
[2]. Cnlebowczyk GU, Jasielska M, Wancerz FA, Wiecek S. et al. Acute Pancreatitis in children. Gastroenterology Rev 2018; 13 (1): 69-75
[3]. Park A,Latif SU, Shah AU, Werlin S,Hsiao A, et al. Changing referral trends of acute pancreatitis in children:a 12-year single center analysis. JPediatr Gastroenterol Nutr.2009; 49: 316-22
[4]. Nydegger A, Heine RG, Ranuh R,et al. Changing incidence of acute pancreatitis: 10 years' experience at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 22: 1313-6
[5]. Morinville VD, Barmada MM, Lowe ME. Increasing incidence of acute pancreatitis at an American pediatric tertiary care center: is greater awareness among physician responsible? Pancreas 2010; 39: 5-8

Abstract: Background: The abscesses and anal fistulas represent about 70% of perianal suppuration, with an estimated incidence of 1/10000 inhabitants per year and representing 5% of queries in coloproctology. Objective: The aim of the study to evaluate the effectiveness of the interesphincteric ligation technique of the fistulous tract in the treatment of anal fistula. Methods: The records of eight patients who underwent this technique, evaluating age, gender and presence of incontinence were studied. Was named technical first-step the passage of cotton thread to promote the correct individualization of........

Keywords: Anal fistula; Fecal incontinence; Surgery; Effectiveness of the Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract.

[1]. Vergara - Fernandes O, Espino - Urbina LA. Ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract: What is the evidence in a review? World J Gastroenterol. 2013 October 28; 19(40): 6805-6813.
[2]. Whiteford MH, Kilkenny J III, Hyman N, Buie WD,Cohen J, Orsay C, et al. Practice parameters for the treatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano (revised). Dis Colon Rectum 2005; 48: 1337-42.
[3]. Huda T, Ashok M. Lift Technique for Fistula in ANO with Redefined Criteria - A Step towards Better Outcome. IOSR Journal Volume 11, Issue 1 (Nov.- Dec. 2013), PP 61-63.
[4]. Meinero P, Mori L. Video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT): a novel sphincter-saving procedure for treating complex anal fistulas. Tech Coloproctol. 2011 December; 15(4): 417-422
[5]. Rojanasakul A, Pattanaarun J, Sahakitrungruang C, Tantiphlachiva K. Total anal sphincter saving technique for fistula- in- ano; the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007 mar; 90 (3):581-6

Abstract: Introduction: Pregnancy induced hypertension is associated with increased incidence of uteroplacental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction.Incidence and severity of IUGR depends upon the severity of hypertension or preeclampsia, onset of hypertension or preeclampsia in relation to gestational age, duration of hypertension and associated complications. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Rangareddy District, Telangana State.It was a prospective observational study.All antenatal patients attending outpatient department at Hospital......

Keywords: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), Perinatal outcome, Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

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[5]. Shenoy HT, James SX, ShenoyST. Maternal risk factors and perinatal outcomes infetal growth restriction using obstetric Doppler inSouth Kerala, India.Int J ReprodContraceptObstetGynecol 2019;8:6-13.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Anemia is a major public health problem in India and is often associated with decreased trace element such as copper, zinc and increase in heavy metals such as Lead. the present study has been conducted with an objective to estimateserum copper and zinc levels among anemic patients. MATERIAL & METHODS: It was a hospital based retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital from Vijayawada. A pre designed schedule was designed to get the relevant data. Data on 100 admitted anemia patients was taken from the hospital case records using that schedule. Study variables included demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, biochemical...

Keywords: anemia, copper, zinc levels, estimation

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Abstract: Background: Optic disc pit (ODP) is a rare congenital anomaly of the papilla. It is infrequent, seen in about 1 in 11 000 of the general population. Some patients develop an optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M) in which the visual acuity is lowered. ODP is congenital, but the development of ODP-M is unclear to date and can occur at any age. Case Report: We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who consulted for blurred and distorted vision in the left eye. A fundus photograph of the left eye showed a typical optic disc pit. An optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan demonstrated multilayered......

Keywords: Optic disc pit; Maculopathy; Congenital

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Abstract: Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare low-grade sarcoma that most commonly presents as a slowly growing, painless mass with the histologic appearance of spindle-shaped cells in a whorled pattern. Occasional cases have an inflammatory presentation associated with fever and weight loss and high-grade histologic features with cellular atypia. This is a case report that FDCS occurs in the transverse colon. To our knowledge, abdominal FDCS is an infrequent entity, and there is a paucity of cases in the literature. A 60-year-old female patient was found to have an intraabdominal mass during a physical examination. Computed tomography revealed a sizeable lobulated oval.......

Keywords: Transverse colon, Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, CD23, CD21, CD68,

[1]. Liu H, Xiang C, Wu M, Hu S. Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma With Co-Expression of CD4 and CD30 Mimics Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Frontiers in Oncology 2020;10(876) doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00876[published Online First: Epub Date]|.
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Abstract: Cutaneous sarcoma are a small subset of soft tissue Sarcomas. Cutaneous soft tissue Sarcomas represent Less than 1% of malignant tumors.As with other soft tissue Sarcomas, Most cutaneous malignant sarcomas are cured by surgical Excision.while local recurrence following excision is not Uncommon, few cutaneous Sarcoma metastasize. Herein we report a case of cutaneous soft tissue saroma with lung & liver metastasis. Clinical findings, diagnostic workup & follow up are provided along with a review of the literature on Cutaneous Soft tissue Sarcoma with metastasis.

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Abstract: Prostatic disease is one of the common problems of old age group and third most common cause of cancer death in males1, 2. The incidence of prostatic disease both carcinoma and nodular hyperplasia are increasing with the demographic shift to longevity in our country.
Till 25 years ago, digital rectal Examination (DRE) was the primary mode of evaluation of prostate carcinoma. this method of clinical examination is however subjective, and therefore difficult to standardize. Moreover over 70% of patients detected to have malignancy by this examination are already at advanced stage wherein curative treatment is not possible......

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anal fistula is known for its complicated pathogenesis and has been a clinical challenge for years. Being one of the most common anorectal diseases, the prevalence is greater in men than women, with a rate of 12.3 cases per 100,000 and 5.6 cases per 100,000, respectively. The average age at diagnosis is 38 years, with most occurring between 20 to 40 years of age. In spite of being a benign treatable condition, the risk of recurrence and The risk of frequent recurrence and incontinence poses to be a considerable threat in the long-term treatment of anal fistula. An attempt is made in this study to compare various treatment modalities in the management of fistula-in-ano and its outcome.........

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Abstract: BACKGROUND:The most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 are cough, fever, myalgia, dyspnea and anosmia.To describe the clinical evolution, symptom persistence and lung radiographic findings during 2 months follow-up in Covid 19 survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS :We performed descriptive clinical follow-up (onset ,Day 30 and Day 60) of 50 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by RT PCR at GHCCD, visakhapatnam from August to October 2020 .screening of persisting symptoms and Chest xray was performed at day30 and day60. If any abnormality in chest xray HRCT was planned......

KEY WORDS : RT-PCR, Consolidation,Ground glass opacities

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Abstract: A 4 year old child with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) presented with diabetic ketoacidosis within a month of having a disease being diagnosed as Kawasaki disease (KD). Blood sugar was 511 mg/dl and HbA1C was 10.7%. His C-peptide (< 0.1 ng/ml) and glutamic acid dicarboxylase (<1 U/ml) levels were low. The child was initiated on insulin glargine and insulin lispro. He responded to the treatment. He was discharged on insulin glargine, inslin lispro and low dose aspirin (5 mg/kg/day) and kept on follow up. Occurrence of IDDM after KD is rare; we could find any association between two. The cause of diabetes in our patient remains unclear, as does the cause of KD.

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Abstract: A 21-year-old man had abrupt visual loss in the right eye after ocular traumatism. He had been taking prednisolone every 2 hours atropine three times a day for 1 month without improvement. Visual acuity was 20/20 in the left eye and counting fingers in the right eye. Intraocular pressure was 15 mm Hg in the left eye and 8 mmHg in the right eye by applanation tonometry. Gonioscopy revealed a cyclodialysis, and funduscopic examination revealed hypotony maculopathy Argon laser photocoagulation was applied to the cyclodialysis cleft (spot size = 150 μm, duration = 0.2 second, power = 200 to 350 mW) and again 4 days later (spot size = 100 μm, duration = 0.1 second, power = 200 mW) Three weeks following the second laser treatment, his best-corrected visual acuity in the right eye had improved to 6/10.

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Abstract: Trauma is one the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in modern times more so in young population and abdominal trauma is occurs in 1% of trauma cases but it contributes to 10% of the mortality, this is mainly due to complexities involved in management of blunt trauma abdomen. Management of trauma patients is field active research and protocols are evolving. This is an observational study in a tertiary care hospital involving 50 cases of blunt trauma abdomen on their clinical profile. Blunt trauma abdomen was most common in age group of 21-40 years, it was seven times more common in men than women. Road traffic accident was most common cause of injury followed by assault. Liver was the most common abdominal organ injured followed by spleen and intestine. 56% cases were managed nonoperatively and 44% required surgery.

Key Words: Blunt trauma abdomen, road traffic accident, operative management, nonoperative management.

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Abstract: Backround : Magnesium is the second most abundant intra cellular cation, potassium being the first and fourth abundant cation in the human body and also serving as cofactor in more than 300 enzymatic reactions. Magnesium deficiency is the most commonly overlooked condition in critically ill patients and associated with other coexisting electrolyte abnormalities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum magnesium levels in critically ill patients and to correlate with patient outcome and other parameters like length of stay in ICU, ventilator support, APACHE-II score and duration and mortality. Materials and Methods: A two years cross sectional study after ethical committee approval was conducted at a tertiary care hospital among critically.....

Keyword: APACHE II score, Critically ill, Hypomagnesemia

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