iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Nanophthalmos is a rare clinical spectrum of disorders with a phenotypically small but morphologically normal eyes. A sudden decompression of the globe during any intraocular surgery, may lead to choroidal effusion and suprachoroidal hemorrhage. To prevent this, some surgeons prefer sclerotomies before opening the eye. Methods: The data regarding the clinical profile, intraoperative and post operative complications and cataract surgery outcomes were taken and......

[1]. Sundin OH, Dharmaraj S, Bhutto IA, Et Al. Developmental Basis Of Nanophthalmos: MFRP Is Required For Both Postnatal Ocular Growth And Postnatal Emmetropization. Ophthalmic Genet. 2008; 19(1):1-9.
[2]. Singh OS, Simmons RJ, Brockhurst RJ, Trempe CL. Nanophthalmos: A Perspective On Identification And Therapy. Ophthalmology. 1982; 89(9):1006-12.
[3]. Singh OS, Simmons RJ, Brockhurst RJ, Trempe CL. Nanophthalmos: A Perspective On Identification And
Therapy. Ophthalmology. 1982;89:1006–12.
[4]. Yamani A, Wood I, Sugino I, Wanner M, Zarbin MA. Abnormal Collagen Fibrils In Nanophthalmos: A Clinical And Histologic Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;127:106–8.
[5]. Shiono T, Shoji A, Mutoh T, Tamai M. Abnormal Sclerocytes In Nanophthalmos. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1992;230:348–51.

Abstract: Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the sudden death of an infant less than one year of age, which remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including performance of a complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and review of the clinical history 1. The rate of SIDS peaks between two and four months of age, and 90 percent of cases occur before six months of age. Approximately 12 percent of sudden unexpected infant deaths (SUIDs) occur during the neonatal period and 4 percent during the first week of life.......

Key Word: SIDS, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Gene, SUIDS, Genetic, Review

[1]. Goldstein RD, Blair PS, Sens MA, Et Al. Inconsistent Classification Of Unexplained Sudden Deaths In Infants And Children Hinders Surveillance, Prevention And Research: Recommendations From The 3rd International Congress On Sudden Infant And Child Death. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2019;15:622–628. Doi:10.1007/ S12024-019-00156-9
[2]. Center For Disease Control. Sudden Unexpected Infant Death And Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. [Updated September 18, 2020]. Available From: Https://Www.Cdc.Gov/Sids/Data.Htm#:~:Text=In% 202018%2C%20the%20SUID%20rate,100%2C000%20live% 20births%20in%202018. Accessed October 10, 2020.
[3]. Lewak N, Van Den Berg BJ, Beckwith JB. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Risk Factors. Clin Pediatr. 1979;18(7):404–411. Doi:10.1177/000992287901800704
[4]. Horne RSC. Effects Of Prematurity On Heart Rate Control: Implications For Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Expert Rev Cardiovascular Ther. 2006;4(3):335–343. Doi:10.1586/14779072. 4.3.335

Abstract: Background: Halitosis refers to bad breath from a patient's oral cavity. Intra oral causes such as periodontal disease, abscess, poor oral hygiene, pericoronitis, xerostomia, tongue coating and extra oral causes associated with systemic conditions have been attributed with halitosis. Volatile sulphur compounds and oxidative stress have been commonly associated with the pathophysiology of halitosis. Saliva, commonly used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool can aid in the diagnosis of various oral disease. Materials & Methods: 45 subjects with genuine halitosis were included in the study after being subjected to an Oral Malodor Assessment......

Key words: Halitosis, Volatile Sulphur Compound, Tongue Coating, Organoleptic, Saliva, Thiol

[1]. Kukkamalla Ma, Cornelio Sm, Bhat Km, Avadhani M, Goyal R. Halitosis A Social Malady. Iosr Jdms 2014;13(5):55 61.
[2]. Tanabe Si, Grenier D. Characterization Of Volatile Sulfur Compound Production By So lobacterium Moorei. Arch Oral Biol 2012;57(12):1639 43.
[3]. Morita M, Wang Hl. Association Between Oral Malodor And Adult Periodontitis: A Review. J Clin Periodontol 2001;28(9):813 9.
[4]. Milanowski, M.; Pomastowski, P.; Ligor, T.; Buszewski, B. Saliva Volatile Biom arkers And Profiles. Crit. Rev.Anal. Chem 2017;47:251 266
[5]. Zhang, A.; Sun, H.;Wang, X. Saliva Metabolomics Opens Door To Biomarker Discovery, Disease Diagnosis, And Treatment. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol 2012;168:1718 1727.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Presenile cataract is increasing the total burden of cataract apart from age-related cataract in India and around the world. Risk factors for the same are less studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 patients who were diagnosed with visually significant presenile cataracts from January 2020 to June 2021 attending Ophthalmology OPD at Vilasrao Deshmukh Govt. Medical College, Latur. The study commenced after IEC approval (Ref: 152/19) and consent from patients in the vernacular language. RESULTS: 74.5% of study subjects

KEYWORDS: Etiology, Presenile, Cataract, Sunlight, Steroids

[1]. Das GK, Boriwal K, Chhabra P, Sahu PK, Kumar S, Kumar N. Presenile Cataract And Its Risk Factors: A Case Control Study. J Fam Med Prim Care [Internet]. 2019 Jun [Cited 2023 Sep 17];8(6):2120–3. Available From:
Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Pmc/Articles/PMC6618174/
[2]. Praveen MR, Shah GD, Vasavada AR, Mehta PG, Gilbert C, Bhagat G. A Study To Explore The Risk Factors For The Early Onset Of Cataract In India. Eye [Internet]. 2010 Apr [Cited 2023 Sep 17];24(4):686–94. Available From:
Https://Www.Nature.Com/Articles/Eye2009137
[3]. Andjelic S, Drašlar K, Hvala A, Hawlina M. Structural Characteristics Of The Lens In Presenile Cataract. Front Med [Internet]. 2021 [Cited 2023 Sep 17];8. Available From: Https://Www.Frontiersin.Org/Articles/10.3389/Fmed.2021.802275
[4]. National Programme For Control Of Blindness And Visual Impairment, National Blindness &Visual Impairment Survey India 2015-2019-A Summary Report.
[5]. Directorate General Of Health Services [Internet]. [Cited 2023 Sep 17]. Available Fro:

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in India & worldwide. Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) has added an entirely unique dimension to cataract surgery. Incision during surgery is considered the most important determinant of postoperative astigmatism deciding the prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective interventional study was conducted among 350 patients attending ophthalmology OPD at Govt Medical College, Latur, and posted for Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) during the study duration after obtaining consent and IEC approval. Based on the incision, patients were divided into three groups........

Key words: Cataract, SIA, Temporal, Steeper Meridian, Supero-temporal

[1]. Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614–8.
[2]. Aruta A, Marenco M, Marinozzi S. [History of cataract surgery]. Med Secoli. 2009;21(1):403–28.
[3]. Fong CS un, Mitchell P, Rochtchina E, Teber ET, Hong T, Wang JJ. Correction of visual impairment by cataract surgery and improved survival in older persons: the Blue Mountains Eye Study cohort. Ophthalmology. 2013 Sep;120(9):1720–7.
[4]. Ruit S, Tabin G, Chang D, Bajracharya L, Kline DC, Richheimer W, et al. A prospective randomized clinical trial of phacoemulsification vs manual sutureless small-incision extracapsular cataract surgery in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jan;143(1):32–8.
[5]. Pershing S, Kumar A. Phacoemulsification versus extracapsular cataract extraction: where do we stand? Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011 Jan;22(1):37–42.

Abstract: A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in department of radio-diagnosis, Government general hospital, Guntur for a period of 2 months I e., from 1st November to 31st December 2022 who came for routine antenatal ultrasounds. All the scans were performed using ESAOTE MylabX6 and X8 Ultrasound machines equipped with a 3.5 to 5 MHz transducer.....

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Abstract: Introduction: Adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy caused by abnormal intracellular accumulation of glycogen byproducts. This disorder is linked to a deficiency in glycogen branching enzyme-1 (GBE-1). Neurologic manifestations include upper and lower motor neuron signs, dementia, and peripheral neuropathy. APBD is typically a progressive disease. In this report, we discuss a novel case of APBD in a patient who had flaccid pararperesis. Case report: We describe a elderly.....

Key words: Adult polyglucosan body disease, Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Glycogen storage diseases, Glycogen branching enzyme

[1]. De Amicis R, Leone A, Ravasenghi S, Et Al. Triheptanoin Supplementation Does Not Affect Nutritional Status: A Case Report Of Two Siblings With Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease. J Am Collnutr. 2019;20:1–6.
[2]. Paradas C, Akman HO, Ionete C, Et Al. Branching Enzyme Deficiency: Expanding The Clinical Spectrum. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(1):41–47.
[3]. Akman HO, Lossos A, Kakhlon O. GBE1 Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease. [Updated 2020 Sep 17]. In: Adam MP, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Et Al., Editors. Genereviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University Of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2023. Available From Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/NBK5300.
[4]. Furtado LV, Kadri S, Wurst MN, Et Al. Polyglucosan Bodies In Intramuscular Nerve Branches Are A Poor Predictor Of GBE1 Mutation And Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease. Muscle Nerve. 2016;53 (3):473–475.
[5]. Hellmann MA, Kakhlon O, Landau EH, Et Al. Frequent Misdiagnosis Of Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease. J Neurol. 2015;262(10):2346–2351.

Abstract: Background: The treatment of choice is STEMI is Primary PCI (ACC/AHA Class IA recommendation). ACC/AHA has given a Class IIa recommendation for Pharmacoinvasive Strategy, while European society of Cardiology has given Class I recommendation for Pharmacoinvasive strategy. Materials and Methods: An Observational study done including 229 STEMI patients admitted within a window period of 24hrs over a period of 1 year (2022) who underwent Primary PCI or Pharmacoinvasive therapy at our Centre. The Clinicoangiographic profile and End points and Complications, Duration of hospitalisation and Mortality outcome on follow up at 90 days in both the groups were analysed. Statistical analysis were done using SPSS software 22.0....

Key Word: STEMI, PG (Primary Strategy Group), PIG (Pharmacoinvasive strategy Group), CAG

[1]. Armstrong PW, Gershlick AH, Goldstein P, Et Al. Fibrinolysis Or Primary PCI In ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1379‒1387.
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Abstract: Background: Dissociation is a defense that ranges as a continuum from common everyday dissociations to incapacitating psychopathology. This study therefore tries to estimate the frequency of dissociative experiences and its association with handedness and demographic variables. Methodology: A cross sectional study of dissociative experience and handedness was conducted from January to December 2021. Consecutive students after consent and completion of socio demographic questionnaire were assessed using MINI PLUS, Edinburg handedness inventory and dissociative experience scale to study handedness and dissociative........

Key words: Dissociative Experiences, Handedness, Students, Health care

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Abstract: Background : Hot polymerized acrylic resin denture bases have biological properties that give certain microorganisms the ability to colonize such as Candida albicans. Denture disinfection can be done with non-traditional and traditional materials such as leaf extract. Jatropha castor leaf extract (Ricinus communi) has been shown to contain tannin, terpenoid, saponin, phenol and flavonoid phytochemical compounds which are effective as antifungals. Methods : Fresh Jatropha leaves were made into extracts with a concentration of 50% and 60%. The thick castor leaf extract was.....

Keyword: Analysis of Phytochemical Compounds, Denture Disinfection, Castor Leaf Extract, Inhibition Zone of Candida Albicans

[1]. Zulkarnain M, Safitri E. Pengaruh Perendaman Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Polimerisasi Panas Dalam Klorheksidin Dan Ekstrak Bunga Rosella Terhadap Jumlah Candida Albicans. Dentika Dent J 2016; 19 (2): 110-116
[2]. Wirayuni KA, Nugrahini S, 2020, Jumlah Koloni Candida Albicans Pada Plat Resin Akrilik Heat Cured Setelah Dilakukan Perendaman Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Bassilicum Linn) 50%, Interdent JKG 16 (2): 61-63
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Abstract: Dental pulp is a complex, unmineralized tissue found within the oral cavity. Infections due to dental caries or periodontal issues often necessitate invasive root canal treatments, leading to a weakened tooth structure. This study hypothesizes that post-mechanical preparation, the dental pulp can be regenerated using stem cells, thus potentially eliminating the need for traditional root canal treatments and their associated complications.

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Abstract: Background: The goal of treating tibial fracture is to obtain early union in acceptable anatomical position with early functional return of activity. In view of raising road traffic accidents, there is increased risk of multifragmentary periarticular fractures of the tibia. MIPO technique provides accurate fixation by achieving anatomical reduction and restoring alignment of limb. As there was a paucity of literature on outcomes of MIPO technique for tibial......

Key words: Tibial fracture, MIPO technique, Open reduction, Internal fixation, Clinical outcomes

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Abstract: Obstetric fistula is one of the major dehumanizing complications of poorly managed labour. It is a serious burden to the individual and her family members and results in psychological, physical, mental and social trauma. The commonest cause of obstetric fistula is prolonged obstructed labour which contributes tremendously to maternal morbidity and mortality. This is a case of a 22-year-old woman who presented to us in the Teaching Hospital with a history of fever, lower abdominal pain, foul-smelling vaginal discharge and leakage of urine and faeces through the vagina of one week duration following a delivery of a macerated stillbirth by unskilled birth attendance. Diagnosis of puerperal sepsis and obstetric fistula were made but unfortunately, she discharged against medical advice prior to the planned fistula repair.

Key words: Fistula, Obstetric, Birth, Unskilled, Attendance.

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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fracture distal end of radius contribute to about 16% of fractures seen on orthopedics casualty with bimodal age distribution. The cause of fracture for distal end of radius in elderly is trivial trauma because of osteoporotic bone and in the young cause of high velocity injuries. Aim: To analyze and compare the functional and radiological outcome of fracture intra articular distal radius treated with external fixation versus open reduction and internal fixation with volar locking compression plate. Materials and methods: This comparative study was conducted in Govt.........

Key words: Intraarticular distal radius fractures, locking compression plate, ligamentotaxis, volar approach to distal end of radius.

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