iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2023

Abstract: Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of middle mesial canal in mandibular first molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. Methodology: The study population consisted of CBCT images of mandibular first molars of the patients referred to radiology centers of the Jaipur city. The inclusion criteria comprised of the images of mandibular first molars and images with a small field of view (FOV)(60 × 60), and voxel size1(V1) as well as images with high quality and resolution. Moreover, images with poor quality and resolution, root canal treated teeth, teeth with immature roots and large FOV......

Key Word: middle mesial canals, root canal morphology, root anatomy

[1]. Hasheminia M, Razavian H, Khorrami L, Mosleh H, Mohamadi S. Prevalence Of Middle Mesial Canal In Mandibular First Molars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Technique. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2021;18(1):42.
[2]. La SH, Jung DH, Kim EC, Min KS. Identification Of Independent Middle Mesial Canal In Mandibular First Molar Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Imaging. J Endod [Internet]. 2010;36(3):542–5. Available From:
Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Joen.2009.11.008
[3]. Kim SY, Kim BS, Woo J, Kim Y. Morphology Of Mandibular First Molars Analysed By Cone-Beam Computed Tomography In A Korean Population: Variations In The Number Of Roots And Canals. J Endod [Internet]. 2013;39(12):1516–21. Available From: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Joen.2013.08.015
[4]. Reuben J, Velmurugan N, Kandaswamy D. The Evaluation Of Root Canal Morphology Of The Mandibular First Molar In An Indian Population Using Spiral Computed Tomography Scan: An In Vitro Study. J Endod. 2008;34(2):212–5.
[5]. Keleş A, Keskin C, Karataşlıoğlu E, Kishen A, Versiani MA. Middle Mesial Canal Preparation Enhances The Risk Of Fracture In Mesial Root Of Mandibular Molars. J Endod [Internet]. 2020;46(9):1323–9. Available From:
Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Joen.2020.05.019.

Abstract: Introduction: In Morocco, pleurisy is one of the most frequent manifestations of tuberculosis, after pulmonary tuberculosis. It is estimated that up to 5% of tuberculosis patients will develop pleural effusion during the course of their illness. Adenosine deaminase (Ada) is a non-invasive diagnostic marker proposed for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy to overcome the limitations of conventional diagnostic tools (direct examination, culture, etc.). The aim was to determine the contribution of pleural adenosine deaminase to the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy.....

Keywords: pleurisy; adenosine deaminase; tuberculosis; purulent; neoplastic

[1]. Valdés L, Alvarez D, Valle JM, Pose A, San José E. The Etiology Of Pleural Effusions In An Area With High Incidence Of Tuberculosis. Chest 1996;109:158-62.
[2]. Sané M, Ba-Fall K, Lefebvre N, Mounguengui D, Camara P,Niang A, Et Al. Le Traitement Antituberculeux Présomptif Est-Illicite Dans La Pleurésie Lymphocytaire Exsudative Inexpliquée Au Sénégal ? Rev Pneumol Clin 2007;63:247-50.
[3]. Delacoura H, Fickob C, Bousqueta A, Bugiera S, Fontana E, Ceppaa F. Activité Adénosine Désaminase Pleurale : Un Outil De Choix Pour Le Diagnostic Des Pleurésies Tuberculeuses Dans Les Pays À Haute Prévalence. Immuno-Analyse Et Biologie Spécialisée 2013; 28:353-357.
[4]. Valdés L, Pose A, San José E, Et Al. Tuberculous Pleural Effusions. Eur J Int Med 2003;14:77-88.
[5]. Guigay J. Intérêt Diagnostique De La Mesure De L'activité De L'adénosine Désaminase Dans La Tuberulose. Rev Mal Respir 2004;21;3S44-350

Abstract: Background: While DOMS is not a disease or disorder, it can be painful and is a concern for athletes because it can limit further exercise in the days following an initial training. So the aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of submaximal eccentric training and moderate intensity aerobic exercise to reduce DOMS. Materials and Methods: In this prospective comparative study, 30 subjects with children with DOMS were randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. group A and group B......

[1]. Vanshika Sethi Et.Al, Literature Review Of Management Of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) Int J Biol Med Res. 2012; 3(1): 1469-1475.
[2]. Karoline Cheung Et.Al, Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Treatment Strategies And Performance Factors Sports Med 2003; 33 (2): 145-164 0112-1642/03/0002-0145.
[3]. Sohan P. Selkar Effect Of Eccentric Muscle Training To Reduce Severity Of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness In Athletic Subjects. Eur J Gen Med 2009; 6(4): 213-217.
[4]. James J. Tufano Et.Al, Effect Of Aerobic Recovery Intensity On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness And Strength Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research 26(10)/2777- 2782.
[5]. John F. T. Fernandes Et.Al, Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage And Recovery In Young And Middle-Aged Males With Different Resistance Training Experience Sports 2019, 7, 132; Doi:10.3390/Sports7060132

Abstract: Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis – An uncommon lipid deposition disorder, due to defective metabolisation of cholestanol-cholesterol metabolite accumulation in various tissues.[1,2] It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and is characterized by a mutated sterol 27-hydroxylase gene (CYP27A1). This enzyme is responsible for converting cholesterol and cholestenol into bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid).[.......

[1]. Arpa, J., Et Al. "Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis Diagnosed After Traumatic Subdural Haematoma." Revista De Neurologia 23.121 (1995): 675-678.
[2]. Saussy, K., Jain, N., & Murina, A. (2020). Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: A Report Of 3 Cases. JAAD Case Reports, 6(12), 1205–1207. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jdcr.2020.10.012
[3]. Gerrish, A. C., & Gaba, S. (2017). Case 239: Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis. Radiology, 282(3),916–921.
[4]. Cali JJ, Hsieh CL, Francke U, Russell DW. Mutations In The Bile Acid Biosynthetic Enzyme Sterol 27-Hydroxylase Underlie Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis. J Biol Chem 1991;266(12):7779–7783
[5]. Nie, S., Chen, G., Cao, X. Et Al. Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: A Comprehensive Review Of Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, And Management. Orphanet J Rare Dis 9, 179 (2014). Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S13023-014-0179-4.

Abstract: BACKGROUND :Type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine disorders and growing problem in our country. we have observed that many diabetes mellitus patients are associated with thyroid dysfunction. we conducted this study to study the proportion of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. AIM: To study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions in type 2 diabetes mellitus MATERIAL AND METHOD : The current study was a prospective, cross-sectional study. All the type-2 Diabetic patients and normal subjects with no diabetes attended to the outpatient clinic and admitted in MAHARAJAH'S INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES........

Key Words: Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Dysfunction FBS,PPBS, HBA1C, BMI, Waist Circumference

[1]. Jalal MJ, Riyas B, Kumar AP. Thyroid Dysfunction In Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus In Kerala: A
Case–Control Study. Thyroid Res Pract. 2019;16:3-5.
[2]. Wolffenbuttel BHR, Wouters HJCM, Slagter SN,Van Waateringe RP, Muller Kobold AC, Van Vliet-
Ostaptchouk JV, Et Al. Thyroid Function And Metabolic Syndrome In The Population-Based Lifelines Cohort
Study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2017;17:65.
[3]. Khatiwada S, Sah SK, Kc R, Baral N, Lamsal M.Thyroid Dysfunction In Metabolic Syndrome Patients
And Its Relationship With Components Of Metabolic Syndrome. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;2:3
[4]. Gyawali P, Takanche JS, Shrestha RK, Bhattarai P, Khanal K, Risal P, Et Al. Pattern Of Thyroid Dysfunction
In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome And Its Relationship With Components Of Metabolic Syndrome. Diabetes
Metab J. 2015;39:66-73.
[5]. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas 7th Edition [Internet]. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation 2015 [Cited 2019 Sep 1]. Available From: Https://Idf.Org/E-Library/Epidemiology-Research/ Diabetes-Atlas/13-Diabetes-Atlas-Seventh-Edition.Html.

Abstract: Introduction: The nephrotic syndrome is caused by increased permeability across the glomerular filtration barrier. It is classically characterized by nephrotic range proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and laboratory profile of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Nephrology, National Institute of Kidney Diseases & Urology, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital,.......

[1]. Boyer, O., Baudouin, V., Bérard, E., Dossier, C., Audard, V., Guigonis, V., Et Al., 2017. Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome. Pediatric Archives, 24(12), 1338–1343.
[2]. Downie, M.L., Gallibois, C., Parekh, R.S. & Noone, D.G., 2017. Nephrotic Syndrome In Infants And Children: Pathophysiology And Management. Paediatrics And International Child Health, 37(4), 248–258
[3]. Banh, T.H.M., Hussain-Shamsy, N., Patel, V., Vasilevska-Ristovska, J., Borges, K., Sibbald, C., Et Al., 2016. Ethnic Differences In Incidence And Outcomes Of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome. Clinical Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology, 11(10), 1760–1768.
[4]. Park, S.J., & Shin, J. Il, 2011. Complications Of Nephrotic Syndrome. Korean Journal Of Pediatrics, 54(8), 322
[5]. Kerlin, B.A., Ayoob, R. & Smoyer, W.E., 2012. Epidemiology And Pathophysiology Of Nephrotic Syndrome–Associated Thromboembolic Disease. Clinical Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology, 7(3), 513–520.

Abstract: Background: Amblyopia, whether bilateral or unilateral, causes reduced vision despite outwardly healthy eyes, often emerging in childhood between ages 6 and 9. While a contributor to visual impairment, it is preventable blindness. Early identification and treatment before age 7 offer the best prospects for complete correction. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of amblyopia due to refractive error in school-going children of Narsingdi district in Bangladesh....

Keywords: Prevalence, Amblyopia, School-going, Children, Refractive error, BCVA.

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[2]. Grönlund MA, Anderson S, Aring E, Hård AL, Hellström A. Ophthalmological findings in a sample of Swedish children aged 4‑15 years. Act Ophthalmic Scand 2006; 84:169‑176.
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[4] Fotouhi A, Hashemi H, Mohammad K, Jalali KH. The prevalence and causes of visual impairment in
[5]. Tehran: the Tehran Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol 2004; 88:740–5..

Abstract: Caries is one of the major ailments faced globally due to increased consumption of refined carbohydrates, despite health education measures taken to curb the initiation and progression of caries in both children and adolescents. Fluoride has been a major factor in the decline in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the United States and many research studies have proven the safety and benefits of fluoridated water. This research paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of fluoride varnish on the prevention of dental caries in primary and permanent dentition. A web search was conducted for English papers, using various digital resources (Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Sage Journal, BMC Pediatrics, Fortune Online, AAPD, and MDPI). The keywords were "fluoride", "professionally....

Keywords: Fluoride, Fluoride varnish, dental caries, prevention for caries

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[2]. Moyer VA. US Preventive Services Task Force. Prevention Of Dental Caries In Children From Birth Through Age 5 Years: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Pediatrics. 2014;133(5):1–10.
[3]. Petersen PE. World Health Organization Global Policy For Improvement Of Oral Health: World Health Assembly 2007. International Dental Journal 2008; 58:115–21.
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[5]. Inanoff N. Use Of Fluoride. In: Berg J, Slayton RA, Eds. Early Childhood Oral Health. 2nd Ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-Blackwell; 2016:1064

Abstract: Background: This review paper examines the influence of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol on recovery after Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) tumor resection. The ERAS protocol has emerged as an effective alternative to conventional protocols, offering substitutes that expedite patient recovery, thereby reducing the length of hospital stays. The conventional protocol for postoperative care often involves prolonged fasting, bed rest, and the use of nasogastric tubes. However....

Keywords: Gastroesophageal junction tumor; enhanced recovery after surgery; fast-track recovery

[1]. Hölscher AH, Law S. Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas: individualization of resection with special considerations for Siewert type II, and Nishi types EG, E= G and GE cancers. Gastric Cancer. 2020 Jan;23(1):3-9.
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[3]. Saliba G, Hayami M, Klevebro F, Nilsson M. Surgical treatment of Siewert type II gastroesophageal junction cancer: esophagectomy, total gastrectomy or other options?. Annals of Esophagus. 2020 Jun 25;3.
[4]. Low DE, Kuppusamy MK, Alderson D, Cecconello I, Chang AC, Darling G, Davies A, D'Journo XB, Gisbertz SS, Griffin SM, Hardwick R. Benchmarking complications associated with esophagectomy. Annals of surgery. 2019 Feb 1;269(2):291-8.
[5]. Ikeguchi M, Oka SI, Gomyo Y, Tsujitani SI, Maeta M, Kaibara N. Postoperative morbidity and mortality after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Hepato-gastroenterology. 2001 Sep 1;48(41):1517-20..