IOSR-JBM   Volume-23 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2021

Abstract: The present study has been focused on unorganized kirana retailers and street vendors. Ten years ago, small retailers had restricted and unsold stocks at the end of the year. There was a lack of retail space and efficient supply chain management, as they suffered of low margins and low skill development. Talking about street vendors, they started doing small businesses in order to survive their livelihood due to their income constraints. With the arrival of big giant supermarket chains, sales and turnover of small stores had diminished. They started repairing and redefining themselves in order to exist with the organized retailers. Street vendors had customer's good will and did not fear.....

Keywords: structural transformation, unorganized small kirana retailers, street vendors, average income group.

[1]. Gupta, H., Dubey, N., & Patani, P. (2012). Effect of organized retail on unorganized retail in Indian retail market. Research Journal of Management Sciences,1(1), 7-13.
[2]. Raghavendra R.H. (n.d.). An overview of unorganized retail sector in India. Phd research scholar, department of commerce, schools of Management, Pondicherry university, raghavpondivni@gmail.com. HTTPS://WWW.ELKJOURNALS.COM/MASTERADMIN/UPLOADFOLDER/6.%20AN%20OVERVIEW%20OF%20UNORGANIZED%20RETAIL %20SECTOR %20IN %20INDIA/6. %20AN %20OVERVIEW %20OF %20UNORGANIZED %20RETAIL %20SECTOR %20IN %20INDIA.PDF
[3]. Joseph, M., Soundararajan, N., Gupta, M., and Sahu, S. (2008), "Impact of Organised Retailing on the Unorganised SECTOR", ICRIER Report.
[4]. Yadav, R. K., Verma, M., & Singh, S. (2016). Impact of organized retail on neighbourhood kirana stores; a case study of Malwa region in Madhya Pradesh. World Scientific News, 46, 1-18.
[5]. Joseph, M., Soundararajan, N., Gupta, M., and Sahu, S. (2008), "Impact of Organised Retailing on the Unorganised Sector", ICRIER Report..

Abstract: Banking system are plays vital role in all fields including customers life styles, in addition to this, the COVID pandemic changed the behaviour of customers toward the banking sectors. In this light, it is necessary to understand impact of pandemic towards customers. The study aims at analysing the impact of covid-19 on customer in retail banking. The work tries to explain the opinion and perceptions of customers as regard the impact of online banking and other banking transaction during pandemic days. The analysis was carried out using the data collected through structured questionnaire for customers in Dakshina Kannada and Chickmagalore District in Karnataka. Data were recorded in SPSS. This study reveals that customers are shifting from physical transaction to online transactions after covid-19, some of the respondents faced financial problems during Covid pandemic &they intended to have loans during pandemic and Covid didn't affected much for those having high level of income

Keywords: COVID-19, Banking system, customers

[1]. baicu, c. g., gardan, d. a., epuran, g., & gardan, l. p. (2020). The imapct of covid-19 on consumer behavior in retail banking. evidence from romania.
[2]. economics times. (2020).
[3]. financial express. (2020). ATM withdrwals,cheques ,neft,rtgs drop in april, but this govt payments mode spiked.
[4]. g, m. a. (2020). patterns and some implications of covid-19 financial sectors policy interventions. world bank blogs.
[5]. g, s., v, s., m, t. s., & v, c. a. (2020). impact of covid-19 outbreak in digital payments

Abstract: Developing a methodology for an article or thesis has immense importance. Jharotia & Singh (2015) said that methodology eases the work plan of a thesis. Patel & Patel (2019) added that research methodology is the mean to resolve research issues scientifically. The principal purpose of this research work is to develop a methodology when factors are generated after applying explorative factor analysis and regression is to be applied to such factors. This current work also enlightened data screening process and normality assumption. It will help the researchers who are conducting perception studies, behavioural studies etc. with categorical data.

Keywords: Explorative Factor Analysis, Regression, Methodology, Data Screening, Normality

[1]. Akossou, A., Y., J., & Palm, R. (2013). Impact Data Structure on the Estimators R-Square and Adjusted R-square in Linear Regression, International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 20(3), 84-93.
[2]. Anderson, T. W., and Darling, D. A. (1952). Asymptotic theory of certain goodness-of-fit criteria based on stochastic processes. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23(2), 193-212.
[3]. Ayuni, N.W.D., & Sari, I. G. A. M. K. K. (2018). Analysis of factors that influencing the interest of Bali State Polytechnic's students in entrepreneurship. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1–10.
[4]. Bartlett, M. S. (1950). Tests of significance in factor analysis, The British Journal of Psychology, 3 (Part II), 77-85.
[5]. Bartlett, M. S. (1951). The effect of standardization on a Chi-square approximation in factor analysis. Biometrika, 38(3/4), 337-344.

Abstract: Shopping and marketing in the traditional Indian sense have always been informal. Display of wares and social interaction are the hallmark of Indian markets. From ancient times, hawking and vending have been an integral part of Indian trade and commerce. Street vendors form a very important segment of the unorganized sector. Today, vending is an important source of employment for a large number of urban poor as it requires less skills and financial inputs. A street vendor is a person who offers goods or services for sale to the public without having a permanent built-up structure but with a temporary static structure or mobile stall or head load. They offer goods and services for sale without having a permanent built up structure to satisfy the demands of urban poor's and urban youth. Street vendors could be stationary and occupy space on the pavements or other public/private areas, or could be mobile, and move from place to place carrying their wares on push carts or in cycles or baskets on their heads, or could sell their wares in moving buses.......

Keywords: Unorganized sector, entrepreneur, street vendor, hawking, wares.

[1]. Anantarangsi, S. and Walsh J. (2009). Income distribution and mobility in Thailand: The perceptions of migrant workers in Bangkok and vicinity. NIDA Development Journal.
[2]. Bhowmik,S.K."Street Vendors".
[3]. Faundez, J. (2009). Empowering workers in the informal economy. Hague Journal of the Rule of Law.
[4]. Helen Sekar R, Insecurities and vulnerabilities of the Informal sector- with special focus on street vending children of NOIDA.
[5]. Horn, Z.E. (2010). The effects of the global economic crisis on women in the informal economy: Research findings from WIEGO and the Inclusive Cities partners.

Abstract: This study aimed to identify the production variability and the market price of soybean and corn destined for export from the 2019/2020 crop in comparison with the period of the 2015/16 - 2018/19 crops. With a qualitative characteristic and a descriptive-exploratory objective, a bibliographic review was undertaken in scientific publications and information extracted from the official databases of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) and the National Supply Company (CONAB). The collected data were systematized with the help of Excel® tool, favoring the analysis and discussion of the main points assessed. There was an increase in the participation in national production, especially in the North and Northeast regions. The South region, the second largest grain producer in the country, faced serious climatic problems in the 2019/20 harvest.........

Keywords: Brazilian agribusiness, agricultural production, commodities, agricultural harvest, international trade

[1]. Albuquerque ACS, & Silva GA (2008). Agricultura tropical – quatro décadas de inovações tecnológicas, institucionais e políticas. Embrapa, Informação Tecnológica, 1337 p.
[2]. Banco Central do Brasil (BCB). (2020). Cotação e Boletins. Retrieved from: https://www4.bcb.gov.br/pec/taxas/port/ptaxnpesq.asp?frame=1. Acesso em: 15 jul. 2020
[3]. Black C (2012). Eventos relacionados ao superciclo de preços das commodities no século XXI. Indicadores Economicos Fee40: 67-78.
[4]. Barros GSC, & Castro NR (2017). Produto interno bruto do agronegócio e a crise brasileira. Revista de Economia e Agronegócio 15: 156-162
[5]. Barros GSC (2016). Medindo o crescimento do agronegócio: bonança externa e preços relativos. Agricultura, transformação produtiva e sustentabilidade. Ipea, 219-250.

Abstract: The core material of RMG firms has implemented green supply chain management to overcome the difficulties of integrating green supply chain management in the RMG sector of Bangladesh, according to this research. We looked at supply chain management and green supply chain management in the RMG sector in Bangladesh in this article. To determine the extent to which GSCM is used in Bangladesh's RMG industry and to assess the current level of acceptance of green supply chain operation in the RMG market. I chose these three companies for this article. Since they ensure growth, expansion, and income, ViyellaTex, Fakir Industry, and Sinha Group are socially and environmentally responsible. The dominant variables of supply chain efficiency, such as economic, environmental, and social, were identified using a system dynamics approach in the RMG field. For this analysis, we used SPSS, ANOVA, and co-relation of co-efficient. According to our results, Bangladesh has refused to raise the fine for environmental incidents.......

Keywords: Green supply chain, RMG industry, supply chain adoption and performance, environmentally friendly

[1]. B.L.Lakshmi Meera *Dr.P.Chitramani (2014). Environmental Sustainability through Green Supply chain management practices among Indian Manufacturing Firms with special reference to Tamilnadu. Tamilnadu: International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. [2]. Shakil Ahmed S, Ma Y, (26 September 2018). Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) Performance Implemented by the Textile Industry of Gazipur District. Dhaka. MDPI.
[3]. Shahriar, M., F., Pathik, B., B., & Habib, M., M., (2014). A Research Framework of Supply Chain Management in Ready Made Garments Industry of Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Economics Research. 3, (6), 38-44. doi:10.11648/j.ijber.s.2014030601.16.\
[4]. Islam, M., S., (2012). Supply Chain Management on Apparel Order Process: A Case Study in Bangladesh Garment Industry. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 2(8), 62-72.
[5]. Nuruzzaman, A. H. & Azad, R., (2010). Is Bangladeshi RMG Sector Fit in the Global Apparel Business? Analyses the Supply Chain Management. The South East Asian Journal of Management, 4(1)

Abstract: In 2020 around 4.45% of the world total crude oil imported by seaborne methods went through the Suez Canalmaking this narrow pathway crucial to the crude oil world trade. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of Suez Canal blockage caused bythe container ship Ever Givenon the global price of crude oil during the six days blockage period. Using both mean-adjusted returns model and market model, results showed that there was a significant difference in crude oil returns pre and post Suez Canal blockage. The results indicates the importance of the canal to the worldtrade in general and to the crude oil market in particular.

Keywords: Suez Canal, Crude oil price, Event study analysis, Abnormal returns,and OLS regression.

[1]. AlAli, Musaed. (2020).The Effect of WHO COVID-19 Announcement on Asian Stock Markets Returns: An Event Study Analysis,Journal of Economics and Business, 3(3), 1051-1054. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.03.03.261
[2]. Brown, S.J., Warner, J.B. (1985). Using daily stock returns: The case of event studies, Journal of Financial Economics, 14(1), 3-31.https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(85)90042-X
[3]. Coleman, L. (2012). Explaining crude oil prices using fundamental measures,Energy Policy, 40, 318-324.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.10.012
[4]. Dodd, P., Warner, J.B. (1983). On corporate governance: A study of proxy content, Journal of Financial Economics, 11(1-4), 401-438.https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(83)90018-1
[5]. Draper, D.(1984). The Behavior of Even-Related Returns on Oil Futures Contracts,Journal of Futures Markets, 4(2), 125-132.