iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-8 ~ August-2016

Abstract: Child health is prime concern of any country. Under five age morbidity profile has a far reaching consequence on future development of country. Malnutrition is the one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children of under five in developing countries The Objectives of the present study were to evaluate the morbidity profile of under-5children in urban slum in Kolkata and to identify the risk factors associated with it. It was a cross-sectional, population based, descriptive study conducted in urban slums of Rajabajar, Kolkata. Total 122 under 5 children of both sex were studied during the 3 month study period (Dec 2013- Feb 2014). Among the 122 under 5 children 54.1% was male sex...............

Keywords: ICD 10 code, morbidity, nutritional status, slum, under-5children

[1]. D S Natekar, A Mhaske, Nutritional Status and Dietary Habits of Preschool Children,International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention, 4( 9), 2015,38-42.
[2]. RD Bansal, M Mehra, Malnutrition: a silent Emergency, Indian Journal of Public Health, 43,1991, 1-2.
[3]. DK Srivastova, D Tripathy, N Gour, AK Srivastova, V Rani,Morbidity profile of under five children in urban slum of Etawah District, Indian Journal of Community Health,24(2),2012,153-157.
[4]. IMCI Information. Management of childhood illness in developing countries: Rationale for an integrated strategy,UNICEF 1999.
[5]. Park K, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22th Edition (Banarasidas Bhanot Publisher, Jabalpur, 2013) 509.

Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and is lest understood in aspects of physiology; it awaits sensitive and specific tests for its prediction. Objectives: 1.Placental growth factor is one test that is evolving as a predictor of preeclampsia. Present study aims to evaluate this aspect. 2. To evaluate the value of placental growth factor in predicting the severity of pre eclampsia. 3. To determine the association of placental growth factor with variables such as blood pressure and BMI. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted among 80 pregnant mothers between 24 and 30 weeks of gestation to evaluate Placental Growth Factor in predicting the occurrence of preeclampsia.............

Keywords: Placental Growth Factor, Predictor of Pre eclampsia

[1]. World Health Organization. Make Every Mother and Child Count. World Health Report, 2005. World Health Organization:
Geneva, Switzerland, 2005.
[2]. Lewis G (ed). Confidential Enquiries into Maternal and Child Health. Why Mothers Die 2000–2002: The Sixth Report of United
Kingdom Confidential Enquiries Into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom.RCOG Press: London, 2004.
[3]. Dekker G, Sibai B (2001) Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of pre-eclampsia. Lancet 357: 209–215. doi: 10.1016/S0140-
6736(00) 03599
[4]. Belghiti J, Kayem G, Tsatsaris V, Goffinet F, Sibai BM, et al. (2011) Benefits and risks of expectant management of severe
preeclampsia at less than 26 weeks gestation: the impact of gestational age and severe fetal growth restriction. Am J ObstetGynecol
205: 465 e461–466. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.062
[5]. Odendaal HJ, Pattinson RC, Bam R, Grove D, Kotze TJ (1990) Aggressive or expectant management for patients with severe
preeclampsia between 28–34 weeks' gestation: a randomized controlled trial. ObstetGynecol 76: 1070–1075.

Abstract: Distal tibial fractures remain a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. They usually occur as a result of high energy trauma in young patients, but in the elderly they can result from a simple fall. In the elderly, the problem is compounded by poor bone-stock, their limited ability to partially weight bear in co-morbid conditions

[1]. Sean E.Nork, M.D., Alexandra K. Schwartz, M.D., Julie Agel, M.A., Srah K. Holt, MPH, Jason L. Schrick, BS and Robert A.Winquist, M.D., - Intramedullary nailing of distal metaphyseal tibial fractures – JBJS 2005; 87:1213 – 1221.
[2]. Bedi A, Le TT, Karunakar MA, - Surgical treatment of non articular distal tibia fractures – J.Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg.; 2006 Jul;14(7): 406 – 416.
[3]. ZELLE Boris A; BHANDARI Mohit; ESPIRITU Michael, KOVAL Kenneth J. ; ZLOWODSKI Michael – treatment of distal tibia fractures without articular involvement – J.Ortho. Trauma 2006; Vol 20: P76-79.
[4]. Egol KA, WeisZ R, Hiebert R; Jejwani Nc, Koval KJ; Sanders RW – Does Fibular plating improve alignment after intamedullary nailing of istal metaphyseal tibial fractures? – J.Ortho. Trauma 2006; Feb 20 (2); 94-103.
[5]. Im GI; Tae SK – Distal metaphyseal facture of tibia : A prospective randomized tribal of closed reduction and plate and screw fixation – J.Trauma 2005; Nov; 59(5) 1219 – 1223.

Abstract: Non-eruption of permanent central incisor due to impacted position and presence of obstructing supernumerary tooth is often seen in children. The commonest treatment done for this is surgical exposure and applying traction to bring it in to the alignment. When the impaction is very unfavourable for this treatment the extraction and prosthetic replacements were done. Surgical repositioning is an alternative treatment in such cases. In this case report a successful surgical repositioning of a permanent central incisor is presented

Keywords: Impacted incisors,Surgical repositioning,Unerupted incisors.

[1]. Cons.n.c,Jenny.J,Khont F.J,DAI the dental aesthetic index.Iowa college of dentistry,university of lowa-1986
[2]. DiBiase D.D.Medline supernumeraries and eruption of maxillary central incisors Transaction of the BSSO 1968-1969;83-88
[3]. Widman .L.1915 om transplantation ab retrinerade horritander,svensk Tandlakartidskmift.
[4]. Vivek kumar Alakha ,Prutika CRandra,Sumir Gandhi,Saroj Chopra,Nmitha Singh,Shamsher singh Surgical repositioning of a
Dilacerated impacted incisor:International Journal of Clinical Paediatric Dentistry,Jan-April-2011,4(1) 55-58.
[5]. Prabhu.n.t,Munshi.A.K.,surgical management of a labially placed permanent maxillary central incisor after supernumerary teeth
reimplantation:Report of a case.J.clinic.paediatric .Dent.1997 spring 21(3):201-3

Abstract: Fibrous histiocytoma is a heterogenous group of mesenchymal tumors that is primarily composed of fibroblasts & histiocytes. The most common site of occurrence of these lesions is on the skin of extremities. Intraoral benign fibrous histiocytomas (BFH)s are commonly seen in the soft tissues of the buccal mucosa, gingiva, lips, soft palate & floor of the mouth. However its occurrence in deeper soft tissues (less than 1%) & intrabony locations is not unusual. Jaw bones are found to be the rarest sites, as till date only two cases in maxilla & six in mandible have been reported.................

Keywords: Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma, fibroblasts, histiocytes

[1]. Sharon W Weiss, John R Goldblum In Benign Fibrohistiocytic Tumors. Enzinger & Weiss's soft tissue tumors. Fourth Ed. Atlanta 2001. P. 441-490
[2]. Saluja H, Kasat V, Rudagi B, Dehane V, Kalburge J, Nikam A. Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the maxilla: A case report & review of literature. Indian Journal of Dental Research 2014; 25(1):115-117
[3]. Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology. 7th Ed. 2014. P. 163
[4]. Neville, Damm, Allen, Bouquot in Soft Tissue Tumors. Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology. 3rd Ed. 2014. P.513-515
[5]. Regezi, Sciubba, Jordan in Connective Tissue Tumors. Oral Pathology: Clinical pathologic correlations 6th Ed. 2013. P. 173

Abstract: Calcaneum fractures account for approximately 2% of all the fractures with displaced intra-articular fractures comprising more than 60% of these injuries, frequently resulting from axial loading. Though literature suggests significant benefit from operative management of these fractures, complications have been shown to be a common problem in many of the studies.All the fractures in our study were joint depression type with 30 patients having sanders type 2 and 8 having sander's type 3 fracture...............

Keywords : Calcaneum fractures, internal fixation, lateral extensile approach.

[1]. Lindsay WRN, Dewar FP. Fractures of the oscalcis. Am J Surg 1958;95:555-576.
[2]. Rowe CR, Sakellarides H, Freeman P, et al. Fractures of oscalcis: A Long Term Follow-Up Study Of One Hundred Forty-Six Patients. JAMA 1963;184:920.
[3]. Aaron AD. Ankle Fusion: A Retrospective Review. Orthopedics 1990;13:1249-1254.
[4]. Coughlin MJ. Calcaneal Fractures In The Industrial patient. Foot Ankle Int 2000;21:896-905.
[5]. Goff CW. Fresh fracture of the oscalcis. Arch Surg 1938;36:744-765.

Abstract: CNS neoplasms constitute 1-2% of all malignancies1. A global rise in CNS tumors has been observed in the last decade. The International agency for research on cancer in 2002 reported a global incidence of CNS tumors as 3.7/ one lakh population in males and 2.6/ one lakh population in females. It was 5.8/ one lakh in males and 4.1/ one lakh in females in developed countries versus 3.0/ one lakh in males and 2.1/ one lakh in females in developing countries2. By 2008 the burden has increased to 3.8/one lakh in males and 3.1/one lakh in females. The rate of incidence was more in developed countries with 5.8/one lakh in males and 4.4/one lakh in females. In the developing parts of the world the incidence has increased to 3.2/ one lakh in males and 2.8/one lakh in females.

[1]. Munshi A and Jalali R 2009
[2]. R Louis etal 2007
[3]. Wrensch etal 2002
[4]. Nibhoria etal 2015
[5]. Arora et al 2009

Abstract: Hospital acquired infections are infections that are neither present nor incubating when a patient enters hospital1. Despite progress in public health and hospital care, infections continue to develop in hospitalized patients, and may also affect hospital staff.2 About nine per cent of inpatients have a hospital acquired infection at point of time.(3) Their effects vary from discomfort, functional disability and emotional stress to prolonged or permanent disability . Small proportion of patient deaths each year are primarily attributable to hospital acquired infections (2,3). The economic costs are considerable. The increased length of stay for infected patients is the greatest contributor to cost.................

Keywords: Catheter, Device, Hospital, ICU, Mortality, Resistance,

[1]. Robert A. Weinstein. Hospital Acquired Infections, Harrisons Principals of Internal Medicine. 16th Edition, Vol. 1, p.775-781.
[2]. A practical guide - Prevention of hospital-acquired infections 2nd edition, WHO/CDS/CSR/EPH/2002.12. World Health Organization, Department of Communicable Disease, Surveillance and Response. This document has been downloaded from the WHO/CSR Web site. See http://www.who.int/emc for more information.
[3]. The Management and Control of Hospital Acquired Infection in Acute NHS Trusts in England. Executive summary and recommendations. Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General LONDON: The Stationery Office, HC 230 Session 1999–00. Published on 17 February 2000.

Abstract: Background:The presence or absence of nodal metastasis has a great impact on the prognosis and survival of patients with head and neck cancer. The risk of occult metastasis is related to the method by which the lymph nodes are evaluated. It is possible to reduce the risk of undiagnosed metastasis with accurate imaging techniques and thus probably reduce the number of elective neck treatments. Aims and objectives:To assess the accuracy of clinical palpation, CT Scan and Ultrasound in prediction of lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma so that a suitable surgical neck dissection can be carried out.................

Keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma · Occult metastasis · Computed tomography· Ultrasound

[1]. Jatin P. Shah, Cancer of the Head and Neck. 2001; 100.
[2]. Hodder SC, Evans RM, Patton DW, Silvester KC. Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology in the staging of neck lymph
nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2000; 38:430-436.
[3]. Saravanan K, Bapuraj R, Sharma SC, Radotra BD, Khandelwal N, Suri S. Computed tomography and ultrasonographic evaluation
of metastatic cervical lymph nodes with surgico-clinicopathologiccorrelation.The Journal of Laryngology and Otology March 2002; 116: 194 -199.
[4]. D'Souza O, Hasan S, Chary G, Hoisala VR, Carrea M. Cervical lymph node metastases in head and neck malignancy-A clinical /
ultrasonographic/histopathological comparative study. The Indian Journal of Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery 2003; 55: 90- 93.
[5]. Haberal I, Celik H, Gocmen H, Akmansu H, Yoruk M, Ozeri C. Which is important in the evaluation of metastatic lympn nodes
in head and neck cancer: Palpation, Ultrasonography or computed tomography? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004; 130: 197-201.

Abstract: Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is defined as the bleeding into or from the genital tract after the period of viability and before the period of delivery.It forms one of the main causes of maternal mortality and morbidity and perinatal mortality and morbidity.The maternal mortality and morbidity are due to the disease perse but perinatal mortality and morbidity may be due to cause and as well as iatrogenic i.e.,the fetal life is terminated at extreme preterm inorder to decrease maternal morbidity and motality.This review article is done to study the perinatal outcome of these women who had suffered from APH.

[1]. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2014 1 ISSN 2250-3153 www.ijsrp.org
Study of Antepartum Haemorrhage & Its Maternal & Perinatal Outcome Dr. Archana Maurya, Dr. Sonal Arya Gajra Raja Medical
College Gwalior
[2]. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Volume 3 Issue 1, January 2014 www.ijsr.net
Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Cases of Placenta Previa Anand D. Bhatt1 , Aarti Meena2 , Malini R. Desai3 1 3rd year post
graduate student, B.J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmadabad, India 2 2nd year post graduate student, B.J. Medical College,
Civil Hospital, Ahmadabad, India 3 Professor & Head of Department, Obstetrics & Gynecology, B.J. Medical College, civil
hospital, Ahmadabad, India
[3]. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 2, February 2015 1 ISSN 2250-3153 www.ijsrp.org
Perinatal outcome in antepartum hemorrhage in teaching hospital of northern India- A prospective study Shaveta Jain* , Nitin
Jain**, Pushpa Dahiya* , Seema Rohilla**, Roopa Malik* *Department of obs&Gynae Pt. B.D Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana,
India **Department of Radiology Pt. B.D Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India

Abstract: Introduction: Variable exposure to prenatal androgens may be responsible for the spectrum of endocrine and metabolic disturbances characteristic of Polycystic ovarian syndrome. Perinatal androgen level has been proved to play pivotal role in establishing finger lengths in foetus. It has been suggested that the 2D:4D ratio is a negative correlate of prenatal testosterone and a positive correlate of prenatal estrogens. Once established in early neonatal life digit ratio assumed to be stable in later life. Aims: To find out any possible association between digit ratio and developing PCOS.......

Keywords: Digit ratio, In-utero androgen exposure , Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, 2D:4D.

[1]. Viveka S, Sudha MJ, Udyavar A, Bidarkotimath S. Digit ratio and Down syndrome correlation with perinatal androgen levels. International Journal of Comprehensive Medical Physiology and Research. 2014; 1(1):25-33. [2]. Geetha KN, Patel SC, Chavan LN, Shinde C. Hand digit ratio (2D:4D) and sexual dimorphism in different age groups. Journal of Clinical Research Letters. 2012; 3(1):16-18. [3]. Jain M, Dhall U, Pandey S, Jain S. Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) in north–west Indians: Sexual Dimorphism. J. Anatomical Society India. 2012; 61(2):242-45. [4]. Buck J, Williams R, Hughes I, Acerini C. In-utero androgen exposure and 2nd to 4th digit length ratio, comparisons between healthy controls and females with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hum Reprod. 2003; 18: 976–79.
[5]. Lutchmaya S, Baron-Cohen S, Raggatt P, Knickmeyer R, Manning JT. 2nd to 4th digit ratios, fetal testosterone and estradiol. Early Hum Dev. 2004; 77:23–28.

Abstract: This paper deals with the study of disorders of the microvasculature in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) and chronic tonsillitis (HT). Сlinical and laboratory examination of 93 children with DM-1, aged 5 to 17 was conducted, as well as the correlation between the indicators of bulbar microscopy and mucosa microrhinoscopy of the nasal septum in this group of patients with the presence of HT, the curvature of the nasal septum (CNS) and the recurrent epistaxis (RE) was analyzed. According to the results of the correlation analysis in children with DM-1there was established a direct relationship between the presence of chronic ENT-pathology and the presence of vascular glomeruli (r = 0,529, p <0.05), as well as changes in the capillary network structure (r = 0,332 , p <0, 05) according to bulbar microscopy. These findings point at a significant lesion of the microvasculature in children with DM-1on the background of ENT pathology, especially in the presence of chronic tonsillitis and recurrent epistaxis.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes, children, microcirculation, bulbar microscopy, chronic tonsillitis.

[1]. A. Bezdetko, A. Gorbacheva, Epidemiology and incidence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, International Journal of Endocrinology, 4 (6), 2006, 76–80.
[2]. O. Bogoyavlenskaya, V. Oslopov, Investigation of the microcirculation state in hypertension, Kardiologiya, 5 (10), 2010, 20–25.
[3]. G. Scardina, A. Cacioppo, T. Pisano, In vivo evaluation of labial microcirculation in diabetics: a comparision of healthy subjects,
Panminevra Med, 53, 2011, 81–85.
[4]. M. Boisvert, K. Koski, D. Burns, C. Skinner, Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus based on an analysis of amniotic fluid by
capillary electrophoresis, Biomarkers in Medicine, 6 (5), 2012, 645–653.
[5]. A. Gurov, E. Biryukova, M. Yushkina, Modern problems of diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract in patients with diabetes, Vestnikotorinolaringologii, 2, 2011, 76–79.

Abstract: Background: the size and number of the dominant follicle and the thickness of endometrium (ET) affect the pregnancy rate. Objective: to evaluate the effect of endometrial thickness and dominant follicular count in intrauterine insemination cycles Materials and Methods: 537 women between 20 and 44 years old in Zanan hospital Tehran, Iran were admitted. Subjects were undergoing COH-IUI during 2010 to 2011. Ovulation induction was started on patients who had criteria for COH IUI. When there was at least one dominant follicle (≥ 15), single IUI was performed after 36 hours of hCG injection.

Keywords: dominant follicular count, endometrial thickness, COH_IUI

[1]. Verhulst SM, Cohlen BJ, Hughes E, TeVelde E, Heineman MJ. Intra-uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;18:CD001838.
[2]. Duran HE, Morshedi M, Kruger T, Oehninger S. Intrauterine insemination: a systematic review on determinants of success. Hum Reprod Update 2002;8:373–384.
[3]. Steures P, van der Steeg JW, Hompes PG, Bossuyt PM, Habbema JD, EijkemansMJ ,etal.CECERM (Collaborative Effort for Clinical Evaluation in ReproductiveMedicine). Effectiveness of intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples with an isolated cervical factor: a randomized clinical trial. FertilSteril2007;88:1692–1696.
[4]. Dorjpurev U, Kuwahara A, Yano Y, Taniguchi T, Yamamoto Y, Suto A, et al. Effect of semen characteristics on pregnancy rate following intrauterine insemination. J Med Invest 2011; 58: 127-133.
[5]. Ibe´rico G, Vioque J, Ariza N, Lozano JM, Roca M, Lla´cer J, et al. Analysis of factors influencing pregnancy rates in homologous intrauterine insemination. FertilSteril2004;81:1308–1313.

Abstract: Inguinal region diseases are distributed irrespective of sex, age group and socioeconomic status throughout the world. It some-times puts the life of the patient in such hazard, as to require one of the most delicate surgery; and it has in all times, from the most ancient down to the present, rendered those who labor under it subject to the most iniquitous frauds and in-positions. Thorough knowledge of the inguinal canal anatomy is must for a accurate radiological diagnosis of inguinal canal pathologies. Here we present a review article on the radiological anatomy of the inguinal region. Hernia is the most common pathology affecting the inguinal canal.

Key words: Inguinal canal anatomy, CT, USG, MRI, Hernia

[1]. Nyhus Llyod M, Robert E. Condon: the preperitoneal approach and iliopubic tract repair of inguinal hernia,"Hernia" Philadelphia J.B. Lippincott Company 1995; 154-188.
[2]. Skandalakis John et al: "Embryologic and Anatomic basis of inguinal herniorrhapy" in Surg clin NA, Philadelphia: W.B.Sauders Co., 1993; 73:799-834.
[3]. Mc Minn RMH: Lasts Anatomy, regional and applied, 9th edition, Churchill Living stone, New york 1996.
[4]. Robert E. Condon: "The anatomy of I nguinal hernia and its relation to groin hernia" chapter 2 in Hernia, Nyhus Lioyd M. and Robert E. Condon: "Hernia" Philadelphia J.B. Lippincott Company 1995; 18-64.
[5]. Skandalakis John et al: "embryologic anatomy and surgical applications of preperitoneal space" in Surg clin NA, Philadelphia: W.B.Sauders Co., feb-2000; 80(1):1-22.

Abstract: Objectives: To study the morphology and topography of nutrient foramina and to determine the foraminal index of the upper limb longbones. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 243 upper limb long bones, which included humeri, radii, and ulnae. The nutrientforamina were identified macroscopically in all the bones and an elastic rubber band was applied around these foramina. The bones werephotographed with the digital camera and foramen index was calculated. Each bone was divided into five equal parts and was analyzedtopographically.

Keywords: foraminal index, long bones, morphology, nutrient artery, nutrient foramen, topography.

[1]. Mysorekar VR, Nandedkar AN, Diaphysial nutrient foraminain human phalanges, J Anat, 1979, 128(Pt 2):315–322.
[2]. Patake SM, Mysorekar VR, Diaphysial nutrient foraminain human metacarpals and metatarsals, J Anat, 1977,124(Pt 2):299–304.
[3]. Henderson RG, The position of the nutrient foramen inthe growing tibia and femur of the rat, J Anat, 1978,125(Pt 3):593–599.
[4]. Mysorekar VR, Diaphysial nutrient foramina in human longbones, J Anat, 1967, 101(Pt 4):813–822.
[5]. Taylor GI, Fibular transplantation. In: Serafin D, Bunke HJ(eds), Microsurgical composite tissue transplantation, C.V.Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1979, 418–423.

Abstract: Background and aims:The success of epidural anaesthesia begins with proper identification of epidural space. There are different techniques used for identification of the epidural space. In this study we compare the localisation of epidural space using epidural balloon technique versus normal saline filled syringe technique .Method: 200 adult patents of ASA I &II status posted for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgery were randomly allocated in two groups of 100 each. After taking consent and IV access epidural anaesthesia was given to the patients. In group I epidural space was localised by epidural balloon technique while in group II epidural space was located by normal saline filled syringe technique using the loss of resistance method.......

Keywords: Epidural balloon, epidural anaesthesia, localisation of epidural space, loss of resistance technique.

[1]. J. A. Aldrete, O.A. Auad, V.P.Gutierrez, A.J.Wright, Alberto Gutierrez and the hanging drop, Regional anesthesia and pain
medicine,30(4),2005,397-404.
[2]. Baraka A., Identification of the thoracic epidural space by the running infusion drip technique, Canadian journal of
anaesthesia,48,2001,935-936.
[3]. Evans JM. The Oxford epidural space detector,Lancet 1982;ii:1433-1434
[4]. A. Wantman, N. Hancox and P.R.Howell, Techniques for identifying the epidural space: a survey of practice amongst anaesthetists
in the UK, Anaesthesia, 61,2006,370-375.
[5]. A. Mario Dogliotti. Research and clinical observations on spinal anesthesia: with special reference to peridural
technique.Anesthesia and Analgesia March April 1933,59-65.

Abstract: Rare association of hypo plastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta with Nephrocalcinosis is otherwise called Enamel Renal Syndrome. And its association with Genu Valgum (knock knee) is extremely rare. This paper explains about the clinicopathological features of a 7 year old female baby with yellow to brown discolored, pitted, corroded appearance of all her primary and permanent teeth came for her dental management, turned out to be diagnosed as having Enamel Renal Syndrome. Which was further complicated with knock knee. Thus patients with amelogenesis Imperfecta should also be considered for evaluation of Enamel Renal Syndrome.

Keywords: Amelogenesis imperfecta, Enamel Renal Syndrome, Nephrocalcinosis, Rickets, Bedwetting.

[1]. Kala Vani S V, Varsha M, Sankar Y U. Enamel renal syndrome: A rare case report. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2012;30:169-72. [2]. MacGibbon D. Generalized enamel hypoplasia and renal dysfunction. Aust Dent J. 1972;17:61–3.

[3]. Lubinsky M, Angle C, Marsh PW, Witkop CJ., Jr Syndrome of amelogenesis imperfecta, nephrocalcinosis, impaired renal concentration, and possible abnormality of calcium metabolism. Am J Med Genet. 1985;20:233–43.

[4]. Hall RK, Phakey P, Palamara J, McCredie DA. Amelogenesis imperfecta and nephrocalcinosis syndrome. Case studies of clinical features and ultrastructure of tooth enamel in two siblings. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1995;79:583–92

. [5]. Dellow EL, Harley KE, Unwin RJ, Wrong O, Winter GB, Parkins BJ. Amelogenesis imperfecta, nephrocalcinosis, and hypocalciuria syndrome in two siblings from a large family with consanguineous parents. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998;13:3193–6.

Abstract: The fracture of an instrument is a recognized complication in endodontics. The immediate respons to a fractured instrument is frequently to regard the treatment as a failure. Several factors must, however, be taken into account to evaluate the prognosis of the tooth in this situation. The objective of the endodontic treatment with or without a fractured instrument remains the same, namely to disinfect the root canal system and prevent its recontamination. The time at which file fracture occurred during treatment and the degree of canal infection should be considered when determining the potential effect of instrument fracture on treatment outcome. Patients must be informed about an instrument fracturing in their tooth for ethical and legal reasons. This article explains about successful management of separated instrument in apical part of mandibular molar.

Keywords: Intentional reimplantation , Separated instrument.

[1]. Grossman. LI.Intentionalreimplantation of teeth; A clinical evaluation.Jounal of American dental association;1982;104;633-39
[2]. Bender IB, Rossman LE. Intentional replantation of endodontically treated teeth. Oral Surg. 1993;76:623-630
[3]. weinbergerB.Introduction to the history of dentistry. St. Louis;Mosby,1948.
[4]. Fauchard P. Le chirurgien dentist outraitedes'dents. Paris; chez pierre-Jean Mariette 1746.
[5]. Bredmore T. A treatise on the disorders and the deformities of the teeth and gums. London; white ,dodsley,Beckett and
deHondt.1768.

Abstract: Aim: To compare the efficacy of locally delivered drug (LDD) tetracycline hydrochloride fibers (Periocol- TC) on the levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis. Materials &Methods: 50 patients (both males and females) with 100 periodontitis sites were selected in the age group of 30– 55 years. All sites were randomly assigned to experimental or control group (50 sites in each group). Experimental sites (Group A) were treated with SRP and Periocol-TC.............

Keywords: Local drug delivery, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tetracycline fiber (Periocol-TC), Thioglycollate culture media

[1]. G. C. Armitage, Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions, Annals of Periodontology, 4, 1999, 1-6.
[2]. J. Slots. Subgingival microflora and periodontal disease, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 6, 1979, 351–352.
[3]. Newman, Takei, Klokkevold, Carranza, clinical periodontology (Philadelphia: Saunders,2006).
[4]. J.M. Gordon, C.B. Walker, J.C. Murphy, J.M. Goodson and S. S Socransky, Tetracycline: levels achievable in gingival crevice fluid and in vitro effect on subgingival organisms. Part I. Concentrations in crevicular fluid after repeated doses, Journal of Periodontology, 52, 1981, 609-612.
[5]. J. Lindhe and S. Nyman, The effect of plaque control and surgical pocket elimination on the establishment and maintenance of periodontal health. A longitudinal study of periodontal therapy in cases of advanced disease, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2, 1975, 67–79.

Abstract: The radiological interpretation and significance of changes in the sella turcica are dependent on an knowledge of the normal anatomy and pathology of this structure. Clincians should recognize variations in the anatomical structures found on cephalometric films so as to exclude any pathological changes, even before these become clinically apparent. The pituitary gland occupies the sella turcica and it is considered to be a site for brain tumours. Sellas of unusual size, shape and/or with a poorly defined outline may indicate pituitary problems and may be associated with some types of craniofacial malformation and various syndromes.

Keywords: Sella turcica, morphology, variation

[1] Meyer-Marcotty P, Reuther T, Stellzig-Eisenhauer A. Bridging of the sella turcica in skeletal Class III subjects. Eur J Orthod
2010;32(2):148-53.
[2] Abdel-Kader HM. Sella turcica bridges in orthodontic and orthognathic surgery patients. A retrospective cephalometric study. Aust
Orthod 2007;23(1):30–35.
[3] Norton LA, Melsen B. Functional appliances. In: Melsen B, editor. Current controversies in orthodontics. Chicago: Quintessence
Publishing,1991,p.103–30.
[4] Nagaraj T et al. The size and morphology of sella turcica: a lateral cephalometric study. JMRPS 2015;1(3):3-7.
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Abstract: Background: Tuberculous otitis media is very rare in the developed world and usually appears as a consequence of lung tuberculosis. Currently, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent in less than 0.1% of the cases of otitis media chronica. Case presentation: We report a rare and fatal case of a child with tuberculous otitis media and petrous apicitis, extended to brain abscess and meningoencephalitis. The patient presented with meningeal signs, facial nerve palsy, bloody-purulent ear discharge, hearing loss, and abducens nerve palsy – a clinical picture of Gradenigo's syndrome. The cerebrospinal fluid cultured positive for M.tuberculosis. QuantiFERON-TB GOLD assay proved positive...............

Key words: Tuberculosis, оtitis media, petrous apicitis, brain abscess, meningoencephalitis

[1]. Adhikari Р. Tuberculous Otitis Media: A Review of Literature. The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2008;9(1):7 pages;
ispub.com/IJORL/9/1/10058
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presentation of 2 cases. Rev Bras Otolaryngol 1987;53:90-5.
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Abstract: Cervical lymphadenopathy is ranked among the most common clinical findings encountered in patients with multiple diseases ranging from benign to malignant lesions. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an effective tool for the assessment and diagnosis of superficial cervical lymph node enlargement. The aim of our study is to see the spectrum of lesions causing cervical lymphadenopathy in our region and the role of FNAC in its definite and early diagnosis. In these 6 years data of a total number of 1338 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy which were referred from the outpatient clinics for cytological examination were retrieved. FNAC was performed using 23 gauge needle attached to 20ml syringe................

Keywords: Lymphadenopathy, FNAC, Diagnosis, Malignancy, tubercular lymphadenitis

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[2]. Celeste NP. (1996).Williams JF. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the head and neck. USA: Butterworth Heinemann;.p 1–13.
[3]. Layfield LJ. (1996). Fine-needle aspiration of the head and neck. Pathology (Phila) 4:409–38.
[4]. Bagwan IN, Kane SV, Chinoy RF. Cytologic evaluaton of the enlarged neck node: FNAC utility in metastatic neck disease. Int J
Pathol. 2007;6:2.
[5]. Alam K, Khan A, Siddiqui F, Jain A, Haider N, Maheshwari V. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC): A handy tool for
metastatic lymphadenopathy. Int J Pathol. 2010;10:2.

Abstract: Salivary gland stones can be detected with different diagnostic methods. Plain radiography, sialography, computed tomography (CT), cone-beam CT (CBCT), ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear scintigraphy / positron emission tomography (PET) all play roles in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesion. The aim of this report was to present clinical and radiological features of two submandibular sialoliths detected by CBCT and to discuss the clinical value of CBCT in diagnosis of submandibular gland sialolith.

Keywords: sialolith, cone beam CT, submandibular gland

[1]. Batzakakis D, Apostolopoulos K, Bardanis I. A case report of coexistence of a sialolith and an adenoid cystic carcinoma in the
submandibular gland. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006; 11(3):e286-8.
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Maxillofac Surg 2015; 6(1):89-92.
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Case Reports 2015; (4):1-3.
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5(3):240-242.
[5]. Miloğlu Ö, Çağlayan F, Ezmeci T, Dağıstan S, Demirtaş Ö. Multiple cases of submandibular sialolithiasis detected by cone beam
computed tomography. J Dent Fac Atatürk Uni 2010; 3(20):189-193.

Abstract: Background: Avascular necrosis ofbone (AVN) is a well-recognized complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of AVN in SLE patients and its correlation with other SLE manifestations. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of our patients with SLE who were complicated by osteonecrosis at the Department of Rheumatology of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. We extracted data's related to the patients, including demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory findings, images and type of treatment from files. We divided the patients into 2 groups: patients with AVN as cases, and patients without AVN as controls...............

Keywords: SLE, Lupus, systemic lupus erythematosus, AVN, Avascular necrosis of bone, osteonecrosis

[1]. Navarra SV,Torralba TP. The Musculoskeletal System and Bone Metabolism. In: Wallance DJ, Hahn BH (eds.) Dubois' Lupus
Erythematosus and Related Syndromes 8thed. Saunders Elsevier, 2013,pp.333-340.
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erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1997;24:654–62.
[4]. Caramaschi P, Biasi D, Forno ID, Adami S. Osteonecrosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Early, Frequent, and Not Always
Symptomatic Complication. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Autoimmune Diseases Volume 2012, Article ID 725249, 7 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/725249.
[5]. Abeles M, Urman J, Rothfield N. Aseptic necrosis of bone in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Intern Med 1978;138:750–4.

Abstract: Aims: 1. To study the indication of TKA in our setup. 2. To evaluate the results clinically by assessing the functional improvement of the patients with reference to pain, walking ability and range of motion. 3. To study the implications associated with this procedure Materials and Methods: We are reporting the retrospective study and the early results of 28 knees of Total condylar knee arthroplasty using either with or without posterior stabilizing designs. 28 knees in 25 patients who visited the department of orthopaedics at Bowring and Lady Curzon hospitals. Bangalore Medical college. Bangalore, during the year 2001 – 2003. Have been selected with appropriate indications. The patients with severe knee arthritis and intractable pain were screened consecutively to select the patients..............

Keywords: Knee;Arthritis;Total Knee Replacement;Physiotherapy

[1]. Kreibich DN, Vaz M, Bourne RB, Rorabeck Ch, Kim P, Hardie R,. Kramer J, and Kirkley A,, what is the best way of assessing
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1364, 1988.

Abstract: Introduction: The only difference of airgun with rest of firearms is it propels projectile by means of compressed air. Air gun injuries are uncommon in Sri Lanka as it is not commonly used. However, it seems to be promoting since recently. There are no laws related to air guns and anybody can buy for the purpose of hunting and a license is not needed. Case report: An 8 year old boy was admitted with an injury to the right hand. According to father, the injury was due to an accidental fall. There was a circular shape 3 mm perforated laceration with 5 mm abraded margin at the base of right palm.............

Keywords: Air guns, injuries, regulations

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