iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2017

Abstract: Ischaemic heart disease is the leading cause of death globally.1 In 2001, ischaemic heart disease accounted for 7·1 million deaths worldwide,1 5·7 million (80%) of which were in low-income countries.2,3 Between 1990 and 2020, these diseases are expected to increase by 120% for women and 137% for men in developing countries, compared with 30–60% in developed countries.4 By 2010, 60% of the world's heart disease is expected to occur in India.5 Furthermore, South Asians have a high prevalence of risk factors, and have ischaemic heart disease at an earlier age than do people in developed countries.6,7 Most data for patients with acute coronary syndromes are from several large registries8-11 with data on demography, treatments, and outcomes of patients in middle-income and high-income countries. There are fewer studies done in India12-14 so little is known about the demographic pattern and predictors of severe disease in ACS, particular with NSTEMI.................

[1]. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 2006; 367: 1747–57.
[2]. Yusuf S, Reddy S, Ounpuu S, Anand S. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: part I: general considerations, the epidemiologic transition, risk factors, and impact of urbanization. Circulation 2001; 104: 2746–53.
[3]. Reddy KS. Cardiovascular disease in non-Western countries. N Engl J Med 2004; 350 (24): 2438–40.
[4]. Yusuf S, Reddy S, Ounpuu S, Anand S. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: Part II: variations in cardiovascular disease by specifi c ethnic groups and geographic regions and prevention strategies. Circulation 2001; 104: 2855–64.
[5]. Ghaff ar A, Reddy KS, Singhi M. Burden of non-communicable diseases in South Asia. BMJ 2004; 328: 807–10.

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.05% Cyclosporine(Restasis by Allergan,Hydroeyes by Lupin) on the patients with herpes simplex virus nonnecrotizing stromal keratitis refractory to topical 1% prednisolone. Methods: This prospective clinical case study with 0.05% Cyclosporine was conducted on 28 eyes of 28 patients diagnosed with herpes simplex virus nonnecrotizing stromal keratitis refractory to topical 1% prednisolone attending the ophthalmology OPD,Rajindra Hospital Patiala.Outcome criteria was defined as decrease in corneal haze and improvement of the visual acuity.Recurrence defined as the re-appearance of stromal infiltration after 3 months of the treatment...............

Keywords: cyclosporine 0.05% eye drops,herpes stromal keratitis,prednisolone 1% eye drops

[1]. Krachmer > Volume 1 - Fundamentals And Medical Aspects Of Cornea And External Disease > Part Vii - Diseases Of The Cornea > Section 4 - Corneal Infections > Chapter 79 - Herpes Simplex Keratitis
[2]. Http://Www.Sciencedirect.Com/Science/Article/Pii/S0039625713000301
[3]. Survey Of Ophthalmology, Volume 58, Issue 3, May–June 2013
[4]. Management Of Herpes Simplex Virus Stromal Keratitis: An Evidence-Based Review
[5]. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Survophthal.2008.12.004

Abstract: The importance of dental health has increased with the increased average age of patient, awareness regarding dental status and more likeliness of retaining natural teeth for a longer life span. With the increasing demand of retaining teeth, tooth saving procedures like root canal therapy has been more popular and number of this procedure has increased manifold in last 10 years. Root canal therapy involves various steps among which a three dimensional filling is the last and crucial step of this procedure. The goal of root canal filling is to create a three-dimensional sealing in order to prevent the recurrence of bacterial infection. Several obturation techniques are used for the filling of root canals: the lateral condensation, Tagger's hybrid, vertical compaction, and thermoplasticized techniques. This survey will evaluate various obturation techniques and sealers used for root canal therapy in the Jodhpur city. All the practioners are being included in the survey. The results may help in generating awareness and modification in techniques of obturation and the choice of sealer to enhance treatment outcome.

[1]. GulCelikUnal et al. Survey of attitudes, materials and methods preferred in root canal therapy by general dental practice in Turkey: Part 1. Eur J Dent. 2012;6(4):376-384
[2]. N. Mehta et al. Endodontic Trends: Where We Are And Where We Should Be-A Survey Report. People's Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 6(2), July 2013
[3]. MaryamRaoof. PreferredMaterials and MethodsEmployed for EndodonticTreatment by Iranian General Practitioners. IranianEndodontic Journal 2015;10(2): 112-116
[4]. Quality guidelines for endodontic treatment: consensus report of the European Society of Endodontology. IntEndod J. 2006;39(12):921-30
[5]. Bjorndal L. The adoption of new endodontic technology amongst Danish general dental practitioners. IntEndod J. 2005;38(1):52-8

Abstract: Drug information service gains its importance as the development of new drugs and new diseases rising in no time and on other side the limited availability of health care resources to provide factual information in handling the new diseases and drugs. The aim of this study is to provide relevant information to the queries and evaluate the quality of the services provided. Prospective analysis was done for a period of 6 months in a south Indian tertiary care teaching hospital. We have interacted directly with health care professional to obtain queries and also communicated them with query boxes. In prospective analysis, A total of 108 queries were responded and identified 31 medication errors among them ,almost 65 % were rectified, 25 % were accepted but could not rectify as prescribers have justified the reason and remaining 10 % were not accepted as an error............

Keywords-: Drug information, Prospective, clinical pharmacist, Medication errors, Intervention.

[1]. Payom Wongpoowarak, Chananphim Phengchuai, Phimrada Rattanachamit, Monsigan Kaewmanee, Siripan Konsuparp, Wibul
[2]. Wongpoowarak and Prapaporn Boonme, Evaluation of Drug Information Service, Silpakorn U Science & Tech J, 4(1), 2010, 8-14.
[3]. Nitesh Chauhan, Sabeeya Moin, Anushree Pandey, Ashu Mittal, and Umakant Bajaj, Indian aspects of drug information resources and impact of drug information centre on community, Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research, 4(2), Apr-Jun 2013, 84–93.
[4]. Rohit Bhavsar, Seeba Zachariah, Dixon Thomas, and Shanmugha M. Kannan, Evaluation and appraisal of drug information services in a rural secondary level care hospital, Anantapur, AP, Journal of Pharmacy & BioAllied sciences, 4(4), Oct-Dec 2012, 302–306.
[5]. M. G. Rajanandh, Ruby Varghese, C. RamasamyAssessment of Drug Information Services in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospitalin Kanchipuram District, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(3), 2011, 273276.

Abstract: Background: Hearing is a vital part of a newborn's contact with his environment. Hearing loss can be considered as the most common birth defect. Early detection of hearing loss by screening at, or shortly after, birth and appropriate intervention are critical to speech, language and cognitive development. Aims and Objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing loss in asphyxiated term neonates and to study the correlation between the severity of perinatal asphyxia and hearing loss. Study design: Observational Study. Materials and methods: The study included 200 neonates admitted in a tertiary care hospital NICU with moderate to severe birth asphyxia. Birth asphyxia was defined according to NNF and NNPD guidelines. Neonates with congenital anomalies and syndromic babies, maternal history of ototoxic drug intake, family history of hearing loss were excluded...............

Keywords: Perinatal Asphyxia, Hearing Loss, APGAR, Otoaccoustic Emission (OAE), Brain Stem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA).

[1]. Kenna M, Beherman RG, Kliegman R. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders: 2006
[2]. Ohl C, Dornier L, Czajka C, Chobaut JC, Tavernier L. Newborn hearing screening on infants at risk. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73(12):1691-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.08.027. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]
[3]. Olusanya BO, Luxon LM, Wirz SL. Benefits and challenges of newborn hearing screening for developing countries. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2004;68(3):287-305. [PubMed]
[4]. Jakubikova J, Kabatova Z, PavlovcinovaG, Profant M. Newborn hearing screening and strategy for early detection of hearing loss in infants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73(4):607-12. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.12.006. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]
[5]. Stein LK. Factors influencing the efficacy of universal newborn hearing screening. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999;46(1):95-105. [PubMed]

Abstract: Aim And Objectives: To recognize the normal appearence of bile duct & pancreatic duct and its variants by MRCP.To compare the accuracy of MRCP as a diagnostic tool in our institution with ERCP in the diagnosis of bile and pancreatic duct diseases, using specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values. Materials And Methods: Source of data :Patients from Departments of General Surgery , General Medicine & Gastroenterology with features of bile and pancreatic ducts diseases who are referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis of Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute. Method of Collection of Data: Number of patients for study - 50. A standard proforma will be used to collect patient related data for the study. The patients will be subjected to MRCP evaluation in 1.5TESLA Maganetom Essenza Siemens MRI machine and ERCP evaluation in side view scope Olympus and C-arm Philps BV Vectra. Study design: Retrospective study . Study period: January2015to october 2016 Consent : Informed consent obtained from all patients..............

[1]. Becker CD, Grossholz M, Becker M, Mentha G, dePeyer R, Terrier F. Choledocholithiasis and bileduct stenosis: diagnostic accuracy of MR cholangiopancreatography. Radiology 1997; 205: 523 –530.
[2]. Binmoeller KF, Jue P, Seifert H, et al. Endoscopic pancreatic stent in chronic pancreatitis and a dominant stricture: longterm results. Endoscopy 1995; 27: 638 – 44 .
[3]. Blasbalg R, Baroni RH, Costa DN, Machado MC. MRI features of groove pancreatitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189 (1 ):73 –80.
[4]. Bret PM, Reinhold C, Taourel P, Guibaud L, tri M, Barkun AN. Pancreasdivisum: evaluation with MRcholangiopancreatography. Radiology 1996;199 :99 –103.
[5]. Cha SW, Park MS, Kim KW, et al..Choledochal cyst and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union in adults: radiological spectrum and complications. 2008; 32 (1 ):17–22.

Abstract: Matrices are used whenever one or more walls of the tooth are missing. They help to establish the proper anatomic contour and proximal contacts without gingival overhangs. There are several designs of matrices available for different clinical situations. They may range from a simple metal or plastic strip to a circumferential band of metal encircling the entire crown depending on the extent of tooth destruction.

Keywords: Matrix, band,Retainer,Proximal contact,Wedges

[1]. Ramya Raghu, Raghu srinivasan, Clinical Operative Dentistry, Principles and practice, 2nd Edition, 2011
[2]. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, A South Asian Edition, 2013
[3]. Nisha Garg ,Amit Garg, Text book of operative Dentistry, 3rd edition, 2015
[4]. V. Gopikrishna, Preclinical Manual of conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 2nd edition, 2015
[5]. Charbeneau G.T: Principles and Practice of Operative Dentistry, 3rd Edition, Lea and Febiger, 1988.

Abstract: Introduction: The treatment of severe spinal deformities has always been a difficult task for surgeons. The treatment modalities range from minimal invasive to extensive mobilisation and instrumentation. Halo pelvic traction had proved to be quite effective in correction of these deformities. Hence we intended to study its role in our population with severe spinal deformities. Materials and Method: The present study involved 25 consenting patient with severe kyphoscoliosis. Preoperative examination and routine investigation were done. Halo-pelvic traction was applied after anterior release. Posterior Fusion was carried out after maximum possible correction achieved. HPT was removed after consolidation of fusion. Results: The Mean age was 13.88yrs with male:female ratio 1:1. The most common etiologies were congenital or idiopathic. HPT was applied for 22.7weeks. The mean correction of deformity achieved was 38.6º. The complications were primarily minor and temporary. Overall satisfaction rate was good...............

Keywords: spinal deformity, halo-pelvic traction, deformity correction, complications

[1]. Carter OD, Haynes SG: Prevalence rates for scoliosis in U S adults: Results from first National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey. Int J Epidemiol 1987; 16:537-44.
[2]. Christopher RG, Joshua DA, Patrick TO and Thomas CS. Adult spine deformity. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2011 Dec; 4(4):
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Bone Joint Surg. 1931 Jan;13(1):91–104.
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Abstract: Purpose: To study various clinical and histopathological features of ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) represents a rare spectrum of disease ranging from mild dysplasia to carcinoma in situ to invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the ocular surface involving the conjunctiva and the cornea, occurring usually in the interpalpebral area, mostly at the limbus. Methods And Materials: This study is conducted on 14 patients who underwent surgical excision for histopathologically proven cases of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in deptt of ophthalmology of MLB medical college Jhansi over a period of 6 months. In each case a complete medical and surgical taken, ocular examination including location, extent and clinical history was appearance of the lesion was done. The lesions were surgically excised keeping a safe margin of 2-3 mm of normal appearing conjunctiva and histopathological studies were performed..............

Keywords: Cornea, Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia, impression cytology, squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva

[1]. Lee GA, Hirst LW. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia. SurvOphthalmol 1995; 39: 429–50
[2]. Lee GA, Hirst LW. Incidence of ocular surface epithelial dysplasia in metropolitan Brisbane: a 10 year survey. Arch Ophthalmol.1992; 110:525-27
[3]. Sun EC, Fears TR, Goedert JJ. Epidemiology of squamous cell conjunctival cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6:73-7
[4]. Grossniklaus HE, Green WR, Luckenbach M, Chan CC. Conjunctival lesions in adults. A clinical and histopathological review. Cornea 1987; 6: 78-116.
[5]. Pe'er J. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2005;18(1):1-13.

Abstract: The possibility of postsurgical hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy is an underappreciated complication . We intended to evaluate the incidence of development of hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy and to analyze the relationship of posthemithyroidectomy hypothyroidism with preoperative biochemical parameters(preoperative TSH,Thyroid antibody levels) and postoperative histopathological findings. From November 2010 to May 2011, 60 cases of hemithyroidectomized patients were analyzed. Postoperative hypothyroidism developed in 19 patients(31.66%). Preoperative TSH value was significantly higher in the hypothyroid group (2.68 μIU/ml) compared to the euthyroid group (1.39 μIU/ml). Elevated thyroid antibody(TAA) levels were observed in 53% of patients developing postoperative hypothyroidism as compared to 12% of patients who remain euthyroid (p = 0.00077) . Moreover, patients with a higher grade of lymphocytic infiltration were found to have a higher probability of developing hypothyroidism. In addition, our findings support the recommendation for regular serum TSH follow-up at least for 6 months after hemithyroidectomy...............

Keywords : Hemithyroidectomy , Hypothyroidism , thyroid autoantibodies ,microsomal antibody , thyroglobulin antibody

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[4]. Berglund J, Bondeson L , Christensen SB ,Tibblin S .The influence of different degrees of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on thyroid function after surgery for benign , non-toxic goitre.Eur J Surg 1991 ; 157 : 257-60.