iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2017

Abstract: Aims: To study medico legal cases in an urban health center in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 8026 Medico legal cases seen in Casualty department of Central hospital, Benin City. Results: Four thousand six hundred and four (57.35%) cases were males and 3422(42.63%) cases were females. Majority of cases were as a result of physical assault, road traffic accident and sexual violence (in descending order), and the peak age was the 3rd decade. Conclusion: The high proportion of physical assault related injuries as well the total hospital workload due to medicolegal cases is a public health concern and calls for action at level of hospital management and government at large

Keywords: Medico legal. Physical assault, Injuries, Road traffic accident. Sexual assault.

[1]. Dogra T D, Rudra A. Lyon's Medical Jurisprudence & Toxicology. 11th Ed. Delhi Law House. 2007:367.
[2]. Raj V M, Vasudeva D S, Gagan S. Guidelines for Handling Medico Legal Cases. International Journal of Health Information and Medical Research 2014; 1(1):2-5.
[3]. Yogendra M, Chawla R, Sharma G, Malik P, Singh R, Tripathi A. Profile of medico legal cases in causality of a rural medical college of Hariyana. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 2013; 35(4): 367-8.
[4]. Saxena A, Kumar V, Chaudhary V S R, Singh J, Awasthi S. Pattern of Medico-legal Cases in the Casualty Department of A Teaching Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar-Pradesh.. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. 2015; 37 (4): 339-341.
[5]. Yatoo GH, Jalali S, Malik A, Khan A. Profile and pattern of Medico legal cases attending tertiary care hospital in North India. IJMPS 2015; 5(5):1-8..

Abstract: Soft drinks and fruit juices with lower acidic pH have become popular beverages in communities. Acidic beverages resulting demineralization on tooth cause a decrease of enamel hardness. In oral cavity, demineralized tooth is rescued by the buffering capacity of saliva as well as by drinking milk to accelerate tooth enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of enamel hardness score on tooth immersed in artificial saliva and cow milk. The present study was an experimental laboratory with pre and post test design...............

Keywords: Enamel hardness, remineralization, cow milk, artificial saliva

[1]. Lachowski KM, Ferreira D, de Oliveira TA, Sobral MAP. Effect of the mixture of coffee or chocolate to milk in the progression of des-remineralization of tooth enamel – an in vitro study. Braz Research in Pediatric Dent and Integrated Clinic 2014; 14: 183-9.
[2]. Miller KR. Remineralization strategies. http://www.rdhmag.com/articles/print/volume-26/issue7/feature/remineralization-strategies.html (8 Oktober 2015).
[3]. Yamamoto ETC, Vanderlei A, Amaral R, Nicolo RD, da Rocha JC, de Araujo MAM. Influence of three types of drinks on the surface of human dental enamel: in vitro study. Rev GauchaOdontol 2013; 61(1): 42.
[4]. Owens BM, Malette JD, Phebus JG. Effect of carbonated cola beverages, sports and energy drinks and orange juice on primary and permanent enamel dissolution. Austin J Dent 2014; 1: 1-2.
[5]. Widyaningtyas V, Rahayu YC, Barid I. Analisispeningkatanremineralisasi enamel gigisetelahdirendamdalamsusukedelaimurni (Glycine max (L.) merill) menggunakanscanning electron microscope (SEM). J PustakaKesehatan 2014; 2: 258-61. .

Abstract: Dental impressions often carry microorganisms that may cause cross infection from patients to dental staff. The control of cross infection is an imperative issue when dealing with dental impression materials in Dentistry and the lack of procedures for its control is currently a real problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of 0,5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde immersion of alginate.Thirty edentulous patients were selected for the present study. Maxillary ridge impressions were taken out in 30 patients with alginate and was randomly divided into two groups containing 15 impressions each group, each impression was swabbed and incubated on nutrient agar culture media. This constituted the control group. Group A impressions were immersed in.................

Keywords: Alginate impression, Disinfection, Sodium hypochlorite, Glutaraldehyde

[1]. SunotoRatna I. TindakanPencegahanPenularanPenyakitInfeksiPadaPraktekDokter Gigi. FakultasKedokteran Gigi UniversitasTrisakti. Jakarta, 2011; 4: 2-16.
[2]. Sousa CJ, Tabaio MA, Silva A,dkk. The effect of water and sodium hypochlorite disinfection on alginate impressions. Elsevier Doyma 2013; 54(1): 8-12.
[3]. Ahsan MR, Islam KZ, Begum J. Study on antimicrobial effect of disinfecting solutions on alginate impression materials. Dent Coll J 2013; 3(1): 18-23.
[4]. Sari RF, Parnaadji R, Sumono A. PengaruhTeknikDesinfeksidenganBerbagaiMacamLarutanDesinfektanpadaHasilCetakanAlginatterhadapStabilitas Dimensional. JurnalPustakaKesehatan 2013; 1(1): 29-34.
[5]. Badrian H, Ghasemi E, Hosseini N dkk. The Effect of Three Different Disinfection Materials on Alginate Impression by Spray Method. ISRN Dentistry 2012; 1-5.

Abstract: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the leading causes of hearing impairment in developing countries. Objectives: are to highlight the high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) temporal bone findings in chronic middle ear infections with reference to it's extent and complications, as well, the presented common signs, symptoms and the duration impact on the anatomical structures and pathological changes in each part and for both sides..............

Keywords - Computerized Tomography, Otitis media, Hearing loss

[1]. World Health Organization. Chronic suppurative otitis media; burden of illness and management options. Geneva, Switzerland.
World Health Organization. 2004; 2-83. http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/hearing_ care/otitis_media.pdf
[2]. Rohit Vallabhaneni, Srinivasa Babu C.R. (2016), HRCT Temporal Bone Findings in CSOM: Our Experience in Rural
Population of South India IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences.Volume 15, Issue 1 Ver. II PP 49-53
[3]. Browning GG, Gatehouse S. (1989)Hearing in chronic suppurative otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.,98: 245-250.
[4]. Chao WY, Wu CC. (1994)Hearing impairment in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. JFormos Med Assoc., 93 (10): 866-
869.
[5]. Nozza RJ. (1990)Audiologic considerations: beyond the threshold. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.,99 (Suppl.): 34-36..

Abstract: The cerebellum is one of the most important structures in the posterior cranial fossa. The objectives of this study were to characterize the cerebellum and cerebrum by measuring the cerebellum height , vermians AP width in the mid-sagittal plane , the maximum cerebellar hemispheric width in axial plane and the cerebrum length and width, using MRI ,as well as to determine the impact of age and gender on the measurements in healthy Sudanese adults. The data were obtained from MR multi planes images done for 100 healthy Sudanese subjects, their mean age was 42.36±17.87 years old (Min=14.00, Max=80.00 years)...............

Keywords: Cerebellum, Brain , MRI, aging, neuroanatomy

[1]. Rapoport M, van Reekum R, Mayberg H. (2000)The role of the cerebellum in cognition and behavior: a selective review. J
Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci;12:193–198
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Neurosurg Psychiatry;75:1524–1531
[3]. Hopyan T, Laughlin S, Dennis M. (2010) Emotions and their cognitive control in children with cerebellar tumors. J Int
Neuropsychol Soc;16:1027–1038
[4]. Ding H, Qin W, Jiang T, et al. (2012)Volumetric variation in subregions of the cerebellum correlates with working memory
performance.Neurosci Lett;508:47–51
[5]. H. Selim Karabekir, M. Sirri Akosman, Nuket Gocmen-Mas, Funda Aksu,Mete Edizer, Omer F. Lenger, and Ismail
Turkmenoglu, (2014)The Volume of Experimental Design Cerebellum:Stereological Microanatomic Study (J Craniofac Surg;25:
1492–1494

Abstract: Aim and objectives: Mandibular foramen is leading to mandibular canal through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels transmit and supply the teeth of lower jaw. Inferior alveolar nerve block is a common local anaesthetic technique, prior to dental surgeries of lower jaw. Hence a precise anatomical knowledge is highly essential to locate the mandibular foramen for this nerve block.
Materials and method: 65 adult edentulous dry human mandibles of Southern Odisha of unknown age and sex were taken for descriptive study. Distance of mandibular foramen from mandibular notch, anterior border, posterior border and angle of mandible were measured by slide calliper, data were tabulated and analysed statistically..............

Keywords: Anterior border, mandibular angle, mandibular foramen, ramus of mandible, slide calliper

[1]. T. Jayachandra Pillai, T Sobha Devi, C K Laxmi Devi. Studies on Human mandibles. IOSR-JDMS. 2014; 13(1-verII): 8-15.
[2]. Dr. Kanan Shah, Pratik Shah, Ajay Parmar. Study of the location of Mandibular Foramina in Indian Dry mandibles. GRA- Global
Research Analysis. 2013; 21 (7): 128-130
[3]. Varsha ShenoyS vijaya laxmi, P Saraswathi. Osteometric Analysis of the Mandibular Foramen in dry mandibules. JCDR. 2012 May
(Supp-2); 6(4): 557-560
[4]. Afsar. A., D. A. Hass, P. E. Rossovw and R.Wood., Radiographic localization of mandibular anaesthetic land marks. oral surgery,
oral med, oral pathol, oral radiol. Endod.1998; 66: 234-241
[5]. Potocnik I. and Bajrovic F. Failure of inferior alveolar nerve block in endodontics. Endod. Dent. Traumatol. 1999; 15: 247-225.

Abstract: Introduction: Mortality due to early onset neonatal sepsis is much higher than late onset sepsis. Clinical manifestations of the early onset sepsis are non specific. Delay in treatment can lead to complications and death of the neonates. Objective: To detect the sensitivity, specificity and the positive predictive values of the gastric aspirate polymorphs and the acute phase reactants in relation with the blood cultures of the neonates with early onset sepsis.

Keywords: Band forms, blood cultures, CRP, early onset neonatal sepsis, gastric aspirate polymorphs, micro ESR, positive predictive values, sensitivity, and specificity.

[1]. Klein JO, Remington JS, infectious disases of the fetus and newborn infant,5th ed. Philadelphia, WB Saunders 2001, pp943-998.
[2]. Singh M; Care of the New born 6th Ed. 2004 sagar publications New delhi pp209-218
[3]. Blanc WA. Amniotic infection syndrome. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1959, 2: 705.
[4]. Benirschke K., Driscoll SG. The pathology of the human placenta. Berlin Heidelberg and New York (quoted in the manual of neonatal care.) 2nd edn. Igakushain pp108. )
[5]. Oliver TX. Jr. The physical diagnosis of newly born. Report of 46th Ross conference on pediatric research Columbia. 1964 pp47

Abstract: Introduction: Cervical lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest clinical presentations of patients of head and neck pathologies. Metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy is a common presentation in head and neck oncology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of FNAC as a primary investigation tool. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of FNAC in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy..............

Keywords: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, Cervical Lymphadenopathy

[1]. Hirachand S, Lakhey M, Akhter J, Thapa B. Evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes in Kathmandu Medical
College, Teaching hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2009;7(26):139–42
[2]. Chauhan Setal, Dharmendra Rathod, D.S. Joshi. FNAC of Swellings of Head and Neck Region. Indian Journal of Applied Basic
Medical Sciences,2011;13:1-6
[3]. Gamba PG, Messineo A, Antoniello LM, Boccato P, Blandamura S, Cecchetto G, et al. A simple exam to screen superficial masses,
FNAC. Med Pediatr Oncol.,1995;24:97-9
[4]. Afridi S, Malik K, Waheed I. Role of fine needle aspiration biopsy and cytology in breast lumps. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 1995;
5:75-7.
[5]. Anne S, Teot LA, Mandell DL. Fine needle aspiration biopsy: role in diagnosis of paediatric head and neck masses. Int J Pediatr
Otolaryngol 2008;72(10):1547-53.

Abstract: Aims and objectives: 1. To assess the beliefs and perceptions about cancer and its treatment among cancer patients. 2. To find out the care-seeking behaviour of cancer patients. 3. To determine socio-demographic correlation. Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional observational study over one year (April 2016 – April 2017) in the Department of Radiotherapy, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, a tertiary care, teaching hospital in Bankura. Total 100 patients over 18 years of age were included in the study. Date were analysed in Excel sheet and tests of significance were applied wherever applicable by SPSS 20®. Results: Present study revealed Male: Female ratio (1: 1) with majority of the patients from 46-60 years of age group (44%) and below poverty line (71%). About 64% patients were unaware of their disease. Seventy three percent patients believed that cancer.............

Keywords: Belief, Perception, Education, Cancer

[1]. Ray K, Mandal S. Knowledge about Cancer in West Bengal- a Pilot Survey. Asian specific journal for cancer prevention 2004; 5: 205-212
[2]. WHO, Media Centre, Cancer, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/, last accessed: October 4, 2013
[3]. Department of Health & Family Welfare, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke, ANNUAL REPORT, 2011-12, Page 157-159
[4]. Department of Health & Family Welfare, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke, operational guidelines, 2011
[5]. Degi CL. Non-disclosure of cancer diagnosis: an examination of personal, medical and psychological factors. Support care cancer 2009; 17: 1101-7

Abstract: The opportunistic mycoses are those fungal infections which are found in patients whose immunological defence mechanisms are weakened by cancer,AIDS, etc. In patient with AIDS, incidence of opportunistic mycoses are inversely correlated with the CD4 lymphocyte count. Our aim was to establish a correlation between fungal infections and CD4+ T cell count, evaluate prevalence of fungal infections in HIV patients , correlate fungal speciation and CD4+ T cell count .SDA, SDCA, SDCCA were used as isolation culture media. Moulds and their species were identified by colony morphology and Teasing and LCB mount findings...............

Keywords: HIV seropositive patients, opportunistic fungal infections, Candida, CD4 cell count.

[1]. Washington Winn Jr., Stephen Allen, William Janda, Elmer Koneman, Gary Procop, Paul Schreckenberger, Gail Woods, eds. Introduction to Microbiology. In: Koneman's Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology .6th ed. United State of America: LWW;2006:01-66
[2]. Stewart J. Innate and acquired immunity. In: Greenwood David , Slack Richard, Peutherer John, Barer Mike, eds. Medical Microbiology. 17th ed. United States of America: Churchill Livingstone;2007:107-133.
[3]. Ignatius Ralf and Schneider Thomas. Acquired immunodeficiencies. In: Kaufmann Stefan H.E. and Steward Michael W,eds. Topley and Wilson's Microbiology & Microbial infections Immunology.10th ed. Great Britain:Hodder Arnold;2005:787-815.
[4]. Brooks Geo. F, Carrol Karen C, Butel Janet S, Morse Stephen A, Mietzner Timothy A. AIDS & Lentiviruses. In: Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology. 25th ed. United States of America; The McGraw-Hill, 2004:625-664.
[5]. Patel Anand K, Thakrar Sandip J, Ghanchi Feroz D. Clinical and laboratory profile of patients with TB/HIV coinfection: A case series of 50 patients. Lung India. 2011; 28(2): 93-96.

Abstract: Aim: To study the age, sex, clinical presentation and management of diabetic foot ulcer cases attending referral hospital-GMC and ESI Hospital. Coimbatore. Analysing whether regular treatment and awareness of diabetic mellitus help in preventing complications. Methods: A prospective study during a period of 6 months from NOVEMBER 2016-APRIL 2017 done in patients attending surgical department of GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE AND ESI HOSPITAL, COIMBATORE...............

Keywords: Diabetes, debridement, foot ulcer, glycemic control, sensitive antibiotics

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