iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2019

Abstract: Enterocutaneous fistulas still have a high unacceptable mortality rate and their management is very complex and is a big challenge to the surgeon. It results in some serious complications that lead to prolonged hospitalization and high cost of treatment. It also causes severe psychological distress to the patient due to severe pain and discomfort. Enteric fistulas, occurring spontaneously or in the postsurgical period, represent a significant management challenge and may result in both morbidity and occasionally mortality for the patient. The care in these patients may be complex and has led to the establishment of specialized intestinal failure units, aimed at optimizing outcome.This study is restricted only to postoperative fistulas. Properly staged definitive procedure after correcting the sepsis and improving the nutrition of the patient leads to the best results..

[1]. Treatment of enterocutaneous. Ortiz LA, Zhang B, McCarthy MW, et al. 2017. 884533617701402..
[2]. Management of intestinal fistulas. Chapman R, Foran R, Dunphy JE. 108, 1964, Am J Surg, pp. 157-164.
[3]. Clinical study of enterocutaneous fistula. Mahadeo Namdeo Garale, Yogesh Prabhakar Takalkar, Karthik Venkatramani. 9, 2017, International Surgery Journal, Vol. 4.
[4]. Michael S. Nussbaum, David W. McFadden. Gastric, Duodenal, and Small Intestinal Fistulas. [book auth.] Shackelford. Surgery of the alimentary tract. Philadelphia : Elsevier, 2018, Vol. 1, 76.
[5]. External fistula arsising from the gastro-intestinsal tract. Edmunds LH Jr, Williams GM, Welch CE. 152, 1960, ann. Surgery.

Abstract: Introduction: Visual impairment is a global public health problem and glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and primary angle closure (PAC) are more common in East Asian countries than in Western countries, and the former often results in bilateral blindness. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out during the period January 2018 to December 2018 at the Associated Hospital Govt Medical College, Baramulla in the Department of Ophthalmology. The study was a descriptive observational study. Written informed consent procedure was followed in all patients recruited into the study.......

Key Words: Visual impairment, POAG, NTG, Glaucoma

[1]. Bonomi L, Marchini G, Marraffa M, et al. Vascular risk factors for primary open angle glaucoma: the Egna-Neumarkt study. Ophthalmology2000;107(7):1287–93.
[2]. Bourne RR, Taylor HR, Flaxman SR, et al. Number of people blind or visually impaired by glaucoma worldwide and in world regions 1990 –2010: a meta-analysis. PLOS ONE2016;11(10):e0162229.
[3]. Bourne R, Price H, Taylor H, et al. New systematic review methodology for visual impairment and blindness for the 2010global burden of disease study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2013;20(1):33–9.
[4]. Bengtsson B, Leske MC, Hyman L, et al. Fluctuation of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology2007;114(2):205–9.
[5]. Leske MC, Heijl A, Hyman L, et al. Early manifest glaucoma trial: design and baseline data. Ophthalmology1999;106(11):2144–53...

Abstract: Background: One of the most serious problems with silicone soft liner is bondfailure between the liner and theheat polymerized acrylic denture base. Since the forces that the liningmaterial clinically exposed to, is closely related to shear and tear test, theshear test is considered an appropriate method for testing bond strength of softliners to denture base resin. Aim: The present in vitro study was conducted tocomparatively evaluate the effect of two different surface treatments on the shearbond strength between silicone soft liner and heat polymerized denture base resinafter thermocycling Materials And Methods: Thirty threeheat cure acrylic blocks of14mmx14mmx25mm were prepared and randomlydivided into three groups A, B, C of eleven blocks each, based on the method of surface treatment rendered. One of the 14mmx14mm surfaces of each block wasdesignated as test surface. Group A test surfaces......

Key Words: heat cure denture base resin, air abrasion,laser surfacetreatment, 3D surface texture analysis, soft liner,shearbond strength,Thermocycling,SEM analysis

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[2]. Anshul khanna, Bhatnagar VM, Karani JT, Madria K, Mistry S. Acomparative evaluation of shear bond strength between twocommerciallyavailable heat curesd resilient liners and denture baseresin with different surface treatments. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research,2015 vol-9(5).
[3]. Aydın A.K, Terzioglu H, Akinary AE, Ulubayram K, Hasirci N. Bond strength and failure analysis of lining materials to denture resin.Dent Mater J. 1999 May; 15(3):211-8.
[4]. Botega Daniela Maffei, sanchez JLL. Effects of ThermoCycling on the Tensile Bond Strength of Three Permanent Soft Denture Liners. J Prosthodont. 2008 Oct;17(7):550-4.
[5]. Geramipanah farideh, Ghandari M, Zeighami S. The effect of thermocycling on tensile bond strength of two soft liner. J Dent :2013;10-5.

Abstract: Introduction: Objectives: To estimate the risks that a caesarean first birth, compared with a vaginal first birth, imposes in the second birth regarding maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods: It was a retrospective hospital-based cohort study carried out in R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal between July 2010 to June 2011. Total number of cases studied during that period was 2500. Results: A total of 2500 consecutive women admitted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, R. G. Kar Medical College & Hospital were recruited in the study. Among them 1809 women belonged to the previous vaginal delivery cohort and 691 women belonged to the previous caesarean delivery cohort. Prior caesarean delivery increases the incidence of placenta previa (1.45%, OR 2.4, p value 0.046), indeterminate APH (4.34%, OR 2.115, p 0.0026), malpresentations (6.22%, OR 1.473, p 0.047), uterine rupture (0.58%, OR 23.668, p 0.034), placenta accreta......

Key Words: Caesarean section, Second Pregnancy, First Caesarean Delivery, First Vaginal Delivery, Adverse Outcomes.

[1]. Hong-Tao Hu, Jing-Jing Xu, Jing Lin, et al. Association between first caesarean delivery and adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth2018; 273 (18).
[2]. Betran AP, Torloni MR, Zhang JJ, Gulmezoglu AM, Section WHOWGC. WHO statement on caesarean section rates. BJOG. 2016;123(5):667–70.
[3]. Villar J, Valladares E, Wojdyla D, Zavaleta N, Carroli G, Velazco A, Shah A, Campodonico L, Bataglia V, Faundes A, et al. Caesarean delivery rates and pregnancy outcomes: the 2005 WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America. Lancet. 2006;367(9525):1819–29.
[4]. Lumbiganon P, Laopaiboon M, Gulmezoglu AM, Souza JP, Taneepanichskul S, Ruyan P, Attygalle DE, Shrestha N, Mori R, Nguyen DH, et al. Method of delivery and pregnancy outcomes in Asia: the WHO global survey on maternal and perinatal health 2007-08. Lancet 2010;375(9713):490–9.
[5]. Betran AP, Ye J, Moller AB, Zhang J, Gulmezoglu AM, Torloni MR. The increasing trend in caesarean section rates: global, regional and National Estimates: 1990-2014. PLoS One. 2016;11(2): e0148343

Abstract: Introduction: Eclampsia is defined as the development of convulsions and/or coma unrelated to other cerebral conditions during pregnancy or in the post-partum period in patients with signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia after 20weeks of gestation. Materials and methods: This study was done on "Maternal and Perinatal outcomeof eclampsia in a tertiary care centre" (KMC & GGH) fromJanuary 2018 to December 2018. The study was conductedin Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Kurnool MedicalCollege Kurnool, AP, India. The present study aims todetermine the factors affecting the maternal and perinataloutcome......

Key Words: Eclampsia, Maternal and Perinatal outcome, preeclampsia

[1]. Iozza I, Cianci S, Di Natale A, et al. Update on systemic lupus erythematosus pregnancy.Journal of Prenatal Medicine. 2010;4(4):67-73.
[2]. Sibai B M.Eclampsia .VI. Maternal-perinatal outcome in 254 consecutive cases. AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1990; 163: 1049–55.
[3]. Hosley CM, McCullough LD. Acute Neurological Issues in Pregnancy and the Peripartum.The Neurohospitalist. 2011;1(2):104-116.
[4]. Zhang J, Meikle S, Trumble A. Severe maternal morbidity associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in United States, Hypertension in Pregnancy 2003; 22:203-127.
[5]. MacKay A P, Berg C J, Atrash H K. Pregnancy-related mortality from preeclampsia and eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2001; 97:533–8.

Abstract: Introduction: Intussusception is derived from latin words "intus" (within) and "suscipere" (to receive). Intussusception is the invagination of one part of the intestine into another. It is one of the most common causes of acute small bowel obstruction in the same age group. About 75% of cases of intussusceptions occur within the first 2 years of life and more than 40% between 3 and 9 months of age. The incidence of intussusception is said to be related to seasonal variations usually correlating with viral infections. Materials and Methods: Between January 2014 to December 2016 in a tertiary level Hospital I took sixty clinically & Ultrasonologically diagnosed cases above one and below twelve years of Intussusceptions ,resuscitation followed by non-operative where suitable but most of the cases operations were needed, either manual reduction or resection anastomosis.......

Key Words: PLP-Pathological lead points, intussusceptions.

[1]. Shapkina AN, Shapkin W, Nelubov IV, Pryanishena LT. Intussusception in children: 11-year experience in Vladivostok. Pediatr Surg Int. 2006;22:901–904. doi: 10.1007/s00383-006-1764-y.
[2]. Parashar UD, Holman RC, Cummings KC. Trends in intussusception-associated hospitalizations and deaths among US infants. Pediatrics. 2000;106:1413–1421. doi: 10.1542/peds.106.6.1413.
[3]. Wyllie R. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18. Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, editor. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2007. Ileus, adhesions, intussusception and closed-loop obstruction; pp. 1568–71.
[4]. Stringer MD, Pablot SM, Brereton RJ. Paediatric intussusception. Br J Surg. 1992;19:867–876.
[5]. Linke F, Eble F, Berger S. Postoperative intussusception in childhood. Pediatr Surg Int. 1998;14:175–177

Abstract: Introduction: Incidence of pregnancy in women with heart disease is increasing due to the increasing number of women with congenital heart disease. Although most cardiac conditions are well tolerated during pregnancy, there are some conditions that have adverse fetal and maternal outcome. Aim: To study the prevalence of heart disease in antenatal mothers and fetal outcome from a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Kurnool Medical College and Hospital during January 2018 to March 2019 for a period of fifteen months. Of 12278 deliveries antenatal mothers having heart disease were 149 of which 110 had rheumatic heart disease, 34 had.....

Key Words: Heart Disease, Antenatal Mothers, Multi-Disciplinary Approach

[1]. Bansode BR. Pregnancy and heart disease. Assoc Physicians Ind. 2010;773-6
[2]. Vera RZ, Carina BL, Claudio B, Renata C, Rafael F, Jean MF. ESC guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Eu Heart J. 2011;3147-97.
[3]. Stangl V, Schad J, Gossing G, Borges A, Baumann G, Stangl K. Maternal heart disease and pregnancy outcome: A single-centre experience. Eur J Heart Fail. 2008;10:855-60.
[4]. Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM, Alvarez AN, Mercier LA, Morton BC et al. Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease. Circulation. 2001;104:515-21.
[5]. CEMACH. CEMACH saving mothers' Lives: Reviewing Maternal Deaths to Make Motherhood Safer-2003-2005: The Seventh Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the UnitedKingdom. Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries, London;2008.

Abstract: Gynaecomastia is generally caused by increased ratio of free circulating oestrogens/androgens or altered effects of these hormones on their correspondent intracellular receptors in the mammary tissue. The pathologies influencing the levels of circulating sexual hormones (i.e. testicular or adrenal neoplasias, hepatic cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism hypogonadism obesity, refeeding syndrome. The active principles known for most frequently causing gynecomastia are exogenous oestrogens, antiandrogens, 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, spironolactone and cimetidine. Medical history plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis of drug induced gynecomastia. A large variety of......

Key Words: Gynaecomastia, Spironolactone, Decreased Testosterone Production, Conversion of Testosterone to estradiol, Spironolactone induced Gynaecomastia, Drug induced Gynaecomastia

[1]. Braunstein GD. Clinical practice. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1229–37.
[2]. Barros AC, Sampaio Mde C. Gynecomastia: Physiopathology, evaluation and treatment. Sao Paulo Med J. 2012;130:187–97.
[3]. Qutob O, Elahi B, Garimella V, Ihsan N, Drew PJ. Minimally invasive excision of gynaecomastia-A novel and effective surgical technique. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2010;92:198–200.
[4]. Cuhaci N, Polat SB, Evranos B, Ersoy R, Cakir B. Gynecomastia: Clinical evaluation and management. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014;18:150–8.
[5]. Loriaux DL, Menard R, Taylor A, Pita JC, santen R. Spironolactone and endocrine dysfunction. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:630–6.

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major problem which leadsto long-term cognitive, behavioral, social and psychological defects. Hypopituitarism in post-traumatic brain injury was described almost one century ago. Pituitary dysfunction is common after TBI in children and adults. The most common cause of TBI is motor vehicle accidents, violence,child abuse,falls and sports injuries.The prevalence of reported hypopituitarism following TBI varies widely among published studies . Prevalence of hypopituitarism ranges from 5 to 90 %. The reported prevalence of hypopituitarism after TBI in children and adolescents is similar to the prevalence in adults, but in early childhood, the reported prevalence is lower when compared with adult data.Therefore, this study was designed to find the correlation of FT3,FT4 and TSH levels with the severity and mortality of severe traumatic brain injury patients......

Keywords: FT3(Triiodothyronine),FT4(Thyroxine),TSH(Thyroidstimulating hormone).

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