iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2019

Abstract: Background: Burn is a global health problem. The epidemiology varies in different parts of the world. Burn Patients go through not only physical trauma but also psychological. Significant mortality and morbidity is seen in burn patients if proper treatment is not done on time. Knowledge about the cause of burn is important to prevent such incidences. Materials & Methods : A prospective study was conducted in the Burn Unit Department of Plastic Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana in period between May 2012 to April 2013. A total of 103 burn patients were studied. All types of Burn patients were included from OPD and emergency department after an informed consent. All those who were not willing for participation in the study were excluded. Results & Conclusion : In this study it was noted....

Keywords: Burn Epidemiology, Burn Etiology, Mortality.

[1]. Atiyeh BS, Gunn SW ,Hayek SN. State of the art in burn treatment. World J. Surg. 2005;29 : 131-148.
[2]. CA Bhansali, G.Gandhi, P.Sahastrabudhe, N.Panse. Epidemiological study of burn injuries and its mortality risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. Indian journal of Burn 2017; Vol.25: 62-66.
[3]. Chakraborty S, Bisoi S, Chattopadhyay D, Mishra R., Bhattacharya N, Biswas B. Indian Journal of Public Health 54(1);27-9 January,2010. A study on demographic & clinical profile of burn patients in an Apex Institute of West Bengal.
[4]. Iqbal T, Saaiq M, Ali Z, Epidemology and Outcome of Burns: Early Experience at the country‟s first National Burn Centre. Burns 2013
[5]. B J Gabbe, DM Watterson, Y. Singer, A Darton: Outpatient Presentation to Burn Centres: data from the Burns Registry of Australia & New Zealand Outpatient Pilot Project. Burns 2015.

Abstract: In this study we observed the associated conditions, gender distribution of patients with subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) seen conjunctival areas of the diseasein Bundelkhand region. We thought that high frequency of traumatic SCH is due to low socio economical level of the population and also the region is an agricultural area. Work injuries are used to be seen in many clinics of the hospital. Spontaneous SCH was most frequently associated with hypertension. This finding was consistent with previous studies.Total 500 patients with SCH were evaluated. They consisted 323(64.6%) male and 177 (35.4%) female. Out of 500 patients with SCH, 349 (69.8%) had traumatic and........

Key Words: Subconjunctival hemorrhage,Hypertension,Schirmer's test, Tear break-up time(TUBT).

[1]. "What is a Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?". American Academy of Ophthalmology. 3 July 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
[2]. Pitts JF, Jardine AG, Murray SB, Barker NH. Spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage– a sign of Hypertension? Br J Ophthalmol. 1992;76(5):297-299.
[3]. Wilson RJ. Subconjunctival hemorrhage: overview and management. J Am Optom Assoc. 1986;57(3):376-380.
[4]. Mimura T, Yamagami S, Funatsu H, Usui T, Ono K, Araie M, et al. Management of subconjunctival haematoma by tissue plasminogen activator. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2005;33:541-542.
[5]. Mimura T, Usui T, Yamagami S, Funatsu H, Noma H, Honda N, et al. Recent causes of subconjunctival hemorrhage. Ophthalmologica. 2010;224:133.

Abstract: Alport syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. Most affected individuals experience progressive loss of kidney function, usually resulting in an end-stage chronic kidney disease. In 80% of the cases Alport syndrome is inherited in an X-linked manner and is caused by mutations in the COL4A5 gene. This gene is responsible for encoding type IV collagen.We observed three generations of a family with hematuria onset in childhood. The proband is a 29-year-old female with a history for microscopic hematuria and mild proteinuria since age 5. Family history is relevant for ESRD and microscopic hematuria in her sister,.....

Key Words: genetic disorder, COL4A5 gene, nucleotide changec.1147G>C (p.Gly383Arg)

[1]. Alport syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. December 2013; http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome.
[2]. Alport syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. December 2013; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome#statistics
[3]. Lemmink HH, Mochizuki T, van den Heuvel LP, Schröder CH, Barrientos A, Monnens LA, et al. Mutations in the type IV collagen alpha 3 (COL4A3) gene in autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1994;3: 1269–1273. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[4]. Kalluri R, Shield CF, Todd P, Hudson BG, Neilson EG. Isoform switching of type IV collagen is developmentally arrested in X-linked Alport syndrome leading to increased susceptibility of renal basement membranes to endoproteolysis. J Clin Invest. 1997;99: 2470–2478. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[5]. Jais JP, Knebelmann B, Giatras I, De Marchi M, Rizzoni G, Renieri A, et al. X-linked Alport syndrome: natural history in 195 families and genotype-phenotype correlations in males. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11: 649–657. [PubMed] [Google Scholar].

Abstract: Sublingual dermoid are one of rare sites for dermoid cyst. A giant size dermoid of more than 5 cm diameter is very rare. The inflammation of a sublingual dermoid is uncommon. The inflammation can occur because of continuous friction due to mastication movements, resultant trauma and subacute infection. This dermoid was producing any interference with the tongue movements like speech, mastication and swallowing. The diagnosis was confirmed of MRI scan. The excision of giant size inflamed dermoid was done by oral route under general anaesthesia. Not much of difficulty was encountered during this surgery. The postoperative period was uneventful. We recommend intraoral route for giant size sublingual dermoid even if complicated by inflammation..

Keywords: Dermoid Cyst; Sublingual; Rare Dermoid, Infected Dermoid; Giant Dermoid

[1]. Vargas F JL, Lorenzo RJ, Aneiros FJ, Sainz QM. Dermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth. Acta OtorrinolaringolEsp2007;58:31-33.
[2]. Ponte D, Brunelli A, Marchetti E, Bottini D. Jet-sublingual epidermoid cyst. J.craniofacial Surg 2002;13(2):308-310.
[3]. Nobukiyo S., Kobayashi T, Kikuchi H, Koizuka I. A case of large dermoid cyst in floor of mouth2003;30:137-139.
[4]. Ege G, Akman H, Senvar A, Kuzucu K. Case report: Sublingual dermoid cyst2003; 9:57-59.
[5]. Shaari CM, Ho BT, Shah K, Biller HF. Lingual dermoid cystOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;112(3):476-478.
[6]. Berbel P, Ostrosky A , Tosti F. Large Sublingual Dermoid Cyst: A Case of Mandibular Prognathism" Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2016;9(4):345-348.

Abstract: Varicose veins are abnormally dilated, tortuous, elongated veins of the superficial venous system of the lower limb. Varicose Vein(VV) are a substantial clinical problem because they actually signify underlying chronic venous insufficiency with venous hypertension. This venous hypertension comprises the following manifestations like symptoms to skin changes like VV, reticular veins, telangiectasia, swelling, skin discoloration, and ulcerations. Once venous hypertension begins, the venous system dysfunction survives to worsen. When there is more local dilatation, other nearby valves consecutively fail and the entire superficial venous system becomes a failure. Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA) is one of the most promising new techniques. EVLA is emerging as an established.....

[1]. Mordon S R, Vuylsteke M E. Varicose veins: Endovenous laser treatment. Laser and IPL Technology in Dermatology and Aestheitic Medicine 2011; 10:211-225.
[2]. Khilnani M R, Zimmet SE. Endovenous laser treatment of saphenous vein reflux: long-term results. Journal of Vascular International Radiology. 2003;14(8):991.
[3]. Zimmet SE. Endovenous laser ablation. Phlebolymphology. 2007;14(2):51–8.
[4]. Nijsten T, Bos V D, Goldman MP, et al. Minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of saphenous varicose veins. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology. 2009;60(1):110–9.
[5]. Desmyttere J, Grard C, Wassmer B, Mordon S. Endovenous 980-nm laser treatment of saphenous veins in a series of 500 patients. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2007;46(6):1242–7.

Abstract: Dramatic aesthetic results have been obtained with flexible silicone gingival mask which can be used to correct deformities remaining after destructive periodontal inflammation has been controlled. The silicone mask may also be used as an interim measure to improve the appearance of anterior crowns after initial periodontal therapy to allow time for healing & establishment of periodontal stability. A simple two stage impression technique is followed to produce comfortable & accurately fitting masks, which are very stable during use. Virtually no problems have been encountered.

Keywords: Aggressive periodontitis, Gingival deformities, Flexible gingival mask, Initial periodontal therapy

......

Abstract: A supracondylar fracture is a physical damaged and badly inured to the humerus, or at its narrowest point of upper arm bone just above the elbow. Children are mostly suffered by Supracondylar fractures which are the most common type of upper arm injury.i They are frequently caused by a fall on an outstretched elbow or a direct blow to the elbow. iiThese fractures are relatively rare in adults.iii Supracondylar fracture are further classified into three main types depending on how much the upper arm bone (humerus) has been displaced. Our study was to determine and compare the outcome of percutaneous pin fixation of supracondylar fracture in type 2 and type 3. We have reviewed 100 patients who received displaced supracondylar fractures during our study period. We analyzed their case records, fracture classification, treatment methods, delay surgical procedure, duration of surgery, wire configurationd......

Keywords: Supracondylar fracture ,Bauman's, Humerous,Radiocapiteller, percutaneous

[1]. Dabis et al., Orthop Muscular Syst 2016, 5:1 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0533.1000206
[2]. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/elbow-fractures-in-children [3]. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: January 1980 - Volume 20 - Issue 1 - ppg 71-74 Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Adults.
[4]. http://orthokids.org/I-Broke-My/Pediatric-Elbow-Fractures [5]. Vineet, Kumar; Ajai, Singh (1 December 2016). "Fracture Supracondylar Humerus: A Review". Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 10 (12): 1–6

Abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: -To compare serum LDH levels in normal pregnant women and women with preeclampsia and eclampsia in antepartum period. -To study the correlation of severity of disease, maternal and perinatal outcome and Blood pressure recordings with serum LDH METHoDOLOGY: A prospective comparative study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology , Andhra medical college ,KGH ,visakhapatnam . Out of 140 women studied , 35 were normal pregnant women,35 were of mild preeclampsia,35 of severe......

KEYWORDS: Lactic Dehydrogenase, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, Maternal and perinatal outcome

[1]. Williams obstetrics 25thedition
Friedman SA, Schiff E, Emeis JJ, et al. biochemical corroboration of endothelial involvement in severe pre eclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995; 172:202-3.
[2]. Babu R, Venugopal B, Sabitha K, Ravikiran BS, Reddy EP. Comparative study of liver and kidney biochemical parameters in normal and pre-eclamptic gestation. J curr trends clin med lab biochemistry. 2013; 1(3):26-30.
[3]. Qublan HS, Ammarin V, Bataineh O, Al-Shraideh Z, Tahat Y, Awamleh I, et al. Lactic dehydrogenase as a biochemical marker of adverse pregnancy outcome in severe pre-eclampsia. Med Sci Monit. 2005; 11(8):393-7.
[4]. Sarkar PD, Sogani S. Evaluation of serum lactate dehydrogenase and gamma glutamyl transferase in preeclamptic pregnancy and its comparison with normal pregnancy in third trimester. Int J Res Med Sci. 2013; 1(4):365-8.
[5]. Wagner LK. Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia. Am Fam Physician. 2004; 70(12):2317-2413.

Abstract: Breast milk is the most ideal and valuable food for the new born baby because it meets the nutritional requirements if given adequately and in appropriate manner. In India there are many barriers for initiation of breast-feeding within half an hour of birth. Hence a study was carried out with an aim to study early initiation of breast feeding and factors affecting early initiation breast feeding among postnatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital, Visakhapatnam. Methodology: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in hundred postnatal mothers selected consecutively from postnatal wards in a tertiary care hospital. It was conducted in the month of November 2017 by using pre-tested semi structured questionnaire by personal interview.......

[1]. Goud M, Mohapatra S, Mohapatra P, Gaur S, Pant G, Knanna M. Epidemiological correlates between consumption of Indian chewing tobacco and oral cancer. European journal of epidemiology. 1990;6(2):219-22
[2]. Parkin DM, Pisani P, Ferlay J. Estimates of the worldwide incidence of 25 major cancers in 1990. International journal of cancer. 1999;80(6):827-41
[3]. Parkin DM. The global health burden of infection‐associated cancers in the year 2002. International journal of cancer. 2006;118(12):3030-44
[4]. Ferlay J. Cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. GLOBOCAN2002. 2004
[5]. Werning JW. Oral cancer: diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation: Thieme Medical Publishers New York:; 2007
[6]. Rodriguez T, Altieri A, Chatenoud L, Gallus S, Bosetti C, Negri E, et al. Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in young adults. Oral oncology. 2004;40(2):207-13

Abstract: Neurofibromatosis consists of two distinct disease that share several findings. Neurofibromatosis 1(NF1), or peripheral neurofibromatosis, has been determined by a gene on chromosome 17. The incidence is thought to be 1 in 2500 to 3000 live birth. Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), or central neurofibromatosis, has been shown to be related to a gene found on chromosome 22. It is far less common than NF1, with an incidence believed to be about 1 in 50,000. A neurofibroma of the ear may occur either as an isolated lesion or as a manifestation of von Recklinghausen' disease. Solitary neurofibroma is common benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors and occurs in patients without neurofibromatosis type 1. The most common otologic findings in NF2 is acoustic neuroma, seen exclusively in patients with NF-2. Here we present the extremely rare case of middle ear neurofibroma with incidental histopathogical finding in 34 years female patient who presented with the complaint of right ear pain, with subtotal perforation.

[1]. Barker D, Wright E, Nguyen K, et al.:Gene for Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis is in the Pericentrometric Region of Chromosome 17 Science 236:1102, 1987.
[2]. Rouleau G.A, Wertelecki W., Haines, J.L.,et al: Genetic Linkage of Bilateral Acoustic Neurofibromatosis to a DNA Marker on Chromosome 22. Nature, 329: 246-248, 1987.
[3]. Woodruff JM. Pathology of tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath in typ1 neurofibromatosis. Am J Med Genet A 1999; 89: 23-30.
[4]. Rodriguez FJ, Folpe AL, Giannini C, Perry A. Pathology of peripheral nerve sheath tumors: diagnostic overview and update on selected diagnostic problems. Acta Neuropathol 2012; 123: 295-319.
[5]. Gokalp G, Hakyemez B, Kizilkaya E, Haholu A. Myxoid neurofibromas of the breast: mammographical, sonographical and MRI appearances. Br J Radiol 2007; 80: e234–7.
[6]. Weiss SW, Goldblum JR, Enzinger FM. Enzinger and Weiss' Soft Tissue Tumors, 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier, 2008

Abstract: Alport syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities. Most affected individuals experience progressive loss of kidney function, usually resulting in an end-stage chronic kidney disease. In 80% of the cases Alport syndrome is inherited in an X-linked manner and is caused by mutations in the COL4A5 gene. This gene is responsible for encoding type IV collagen.We observed three generations of a family with hematuria onset in childhood. The proband is a 29-year-old female with a history for microscopic hematuria and mild proteinuria since age 5. Family history is relevant for ESRD and microscopic hematuria in her sister, her father and her aunt. Genetic analysis was performed in 10 members of the family. A nucleotide change c.1147G>C (p.Gly383Arg) was identified, causing an amino acid substitution of Gly to Arg at position 383 in heterozygous carriers in exon 19 of COL4A5 in 8 of the patients. The amino acid substitution affected a very important structure of collagen's– Gly-X-Y repeats, which resulted in the production of a pathogenic molecule.

Key words: genetic disorder, COL4A5 gene, nucleotide changec.1147G>C (p.Gly383Arg)

[1]. Alport syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. December 2013; http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome.
[2]. Alport syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. December 2013; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alport-syndrome#statistics
[3]. Lemmink HH, Mochizuki T, van den Heuvel LP, Schröder CH, Barrientos A, Monnens LA, et al. Mutations in the type IV collagen alpha 3 (COL4A3) gene in autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1994;3: 1269–1273. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[4]. Kalluri R, Shield CF, Todd P, Hudson BG, Neilson EG. Isoform switching of type IV collagen is developmentally arrested in X-linked Alport syndrome leading to increased susceptibility of renal basement membranes to endoproteolysis. J Clin Invest. 1997;99: 2470–2478. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[5]. Jais JP, Knebelmann B, Giatras I, De Marchi M, Rizzoni G, Renieri A, et al. X-linked Alport syndrome: natural history in 195 families and genotype-phenotype correlations in males. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11: 649–657. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: - This in vitro study was performed to determine the relationship of depth of palatal vault and fracture strength of permanent conventional denture bases with the glass fibre & metal mesh reinforced conventional denture bases keeping one standard thickness. METHODS: - Edentulous maxillary cast of shallow, medium and deep palatal vault were selected. Each cast was duplicated twenty four times. 8 cast of each group of palatal vault configuration were made. Casts of each palatal vault depth form were waxed to 2.00mm thickness. These patterns were processed with DPI.Mumbai India heat polymerized acrylic resin. The thicknesses of the denture bases of conventional reinforced with glass fibres & metallic mesh were measured. These denture samples were kept with non tissue side on the platform of universal testing machine and the load is applied at the rate of 5mm/min. Flexural strength was evaluated and the results were analyzed with Mann – Whitney test.....

Key words: Flexural strength; palatal vault; denture base resins.

[1]. Peyton A. Floyd. History of resins.DCNA.1975:19:211-221
[2]. Rizwan ali shivji,G Gangadhar Bhatt,Prateek Shetty,Comparision of palatal shape and flexural strength of maxillary heat polymerized Acrylic resin denture bases fabricated in varying thickness, The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society:Sept.2003:3:48-52
[3]. Jhonson Wesly &Mathews Ernest, Fatigue studies on some dental resins, BDJ: 1949:252:20:86.CH, Mahan PE, Lundeen HC, Brehnan K, Walsh EK and Holbrook WB. Occlusal forces during chewing and swallowing as measured by sound transmission.J.Prosthet.Dent.1981; 46(4):443-449
[4]. Ellinger CW. Synopsis of complete dentures.Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1975, p. 59
[5]. Heartwell CM and Rahn AO. Syllabus of complete denture. Ed. 2nd, Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1974, pp. 117