iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2019

Abstract: To report short term results of Snodgrass tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty in distal penile hypospadias (DPH) repair. The complications and outcomes of the procedure are discussed. Methods: We reviewed the results of 42 cases of Snodgrass TIP urethroplasty for distal penile hypospadias (DPH) treated between Aug 2016 and Sep 2016 in paediatric patients. Observations were recorded to note the associated anomalies, cosmesis, complications and final outcome of the procedure. Results: The age of the study participants ranged from 2 to 12 years. About half (57%) of the cases presented early below 5 years of age and barely few (12%) reported late after 10 years of age. Meatal configuration, overall cosmesis and functional results were good in 34 cases (80%). Minor fistulas occurred in 6 cases (14%) whereas major fistula occurred in 2 cases (4%)..............

Keywords: Distal penile hypospadias, Urethroplasty, Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty, Snodgrass TIP urethroplasty

[1]. Sweet RA, Schortt HG, Kurland R, Culp OS. Study of the incidence of hypospadias in Rochester, Minnesota, 1940-70, and a case control comparison of possible etiologic factors. Mayo Clin Proc. 1974;49:52-8.
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[4]. Snodgrass W. Changing concepts in hypospadias repair. Curr Opin Urol. 1999;9:513-6.
[5]. Snodgrass WT. Incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias. J Urol. 1994;151:464-5.

Abstract: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with irregular dietary pattern being one of the major causative factors. Also it has been established that there is a direct link between obesity, malnourishment and irregular diet pattern and quality of the diet. It can be hypothesized that physical status (as per BMI) is related to occurrence of dental caries in an individual. The aim of this study is to establish correlation between prevalence of dental caries and body mass index in 6-12 year old school going children in Ghaziabad district.A sample of 400 school going children...........

Keywords: Caries, Body mass index, Obesity, Overweight

[1]. Gupta P, Gupta N, Singh HP. Prevalence of Dental Caries in relation to Body Mass Index, Daily Sugar Intake, and Oral Hygiene Status in 12-Year-Old School Children in Mathura City: A Pilot Study. Int J Pediatr. 2014;2014:921823.
[2]. Dye BA, Shenkin JD, Ogden CL, Marshall TA, Levy SM, Kanellis MJ. The relationship between healthful eating practices and dental caries in children aged 2-5 years in the United States, 1988-1994. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135:55-66
[3]. Granville AF, DE Menezes VA, De Lira Pi, Ferreira JM, Leite-Cavalcanti A. Obesity and Dental Caries among Preschool Children in Brazil. Rev Salud Pública 2008;10:788-95.
[4]. Martorell R, Kettel Khan L, Hughes ML, Grummer-Strawn LM. Overweight and obesity in preschool children from developing countries. Int J ObesRelatMetabDisord 2000;24:959-67.
[5]. Gidding SS, Dennison BA, Birch LL, Daniels SR, Gilman MW, Lichtenstein AH, et al. American Heart Association dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: a guide for practitioners. Pediatrics 2006;117:544-59..

Abstract: The present study was carried out to study effects of different types of pica substances on maternal and fetal outcome. Of total 150 pregnant women were studied, 6.7% of the subjects reported to have pica. The prevalence of different types of pica substances are ice is 50%, soil is 30% and clay is 20%.The outcomes measured were anemia, prematurity, low birth weight and intrauterine fetal growth restriction. Results showed that hemoglobin levels in women with pica for soil, clay and ice during pregnancy were lower compared to non-pica group. There is significant difference in birth weight, birth length and head circumference in different types of pica compared to non-pica group. There is no significant difference in mean gestational age between pica and non-pica group .Present study.........

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[2]. Lopez,l.,Soler,C.R.O.andPortela,M.L.D.(2004)Pica during pregnancy: A Frequently Underestimated Problem. Archivo Latino Americanos de Nutricion, 54, 17-24.
[3]. Horner, R.D., Lackey, C.J., Kolasa, K. and Warren.K.(1991)Pica Practices of Pregnant Women. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 91, 34-38.
[4]. Smulian, J.C., Motivala, S.andSigman, R.K.(1995)Pica in Rural Obstetric Population. Southern Medical Journal, 88, 1236-1240.
[5]. Edward,C.H.,Johnson,A.A.,Knight,E.M.,Oyemade,U.J.,Cole,O.J.,Westney, O.E.,Jones,S.,Laryea,H and Westney,L.S.(1994)Pica in an urban environment. Journal of Nutrition, 124, 954S-962S..

Abstract: Introduction and Objective In last decade, low level laser therapy has been evaluated for stimulation and acceleration of bone formation. In spite of promising results, biphasic 'dose' response remains. Moreover, the use of single session of low level laser on healing of bone is not explored thoroughly. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal 'dosage' for formation of bone using diode laser of 810nm under single irradiation. Materials and Methods Six New Zealand male rabbits were used weighing 1.5-2 Kgs and 8-10 months old for the study. Femur was chosen as site of surgery...........

[1]. Ohshiro T, Fujino T: Laser applications in plastic and reconstructive surgery.Keio J Med. 1993 :Dec;42(4):191-5.
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[3]. Karu TI and Afanas'eva NI. Cytochrome c oxidase as the primary photoacceptor upon laser exposure of cultured cells to visible and near IR-range light.Dokl Akad Nauk1995:342:693-5.
[4]. Khadra M, Ronold HJ, Lyngstadaas SP, Ellingsen JE, Haanaes HR. Low-level laser therapy stimulates bone-implant interaction: an experimental study in rabbits. Clin Oral Implants Res.2004: Jun;15(3):325-32.
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Abstract: Introduction: Gaucher's disease is a rare disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. Increased awareness with advent of availability of diagnostic facilities & enzyme replacement therapy for this disease has led to its early diagnosis even in our centre. The purpose of this study was to highlight the clinical features andtreatment challenges observed in our institute. Material and methods: A retrospective study of total 7 cases of Gaucher's Disease was done with cataloguing of their clinical features, method of.........

Keywords: Lysosomal Storage Disorder, Gaucher's disease, Enzyme Replacement Therapy

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[3]. Ratna Dua Puri1, Seema Kapoor2, Priya S Kishnani3, Ashwin Dalal4, Neerja Gupta5, Mamta Muranjan6, Shubha R Phadke7, Anupam Sachdeva8, Ishwar C Verma1 and Pramod K Mistry9; Diagnosis and Management of Gaucher Disease in India – Consensus Guidelines of the Gaucher Disease Task Force of the Society for Indian Academy of Medical Genetics and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics; Indian Pediatr 2018;55:143-153
[4]. Cox TM, Schofield JP. Gaucher's disease: clinical features and natural history. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1997;10:657-89

[5]. Burrow TA, Barnes S, Grabowski GA. Prevalence and management of Gaucher disease. Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2011;2:59-73.

Abstract: Large prospective cohort studies have shown that high levels of oestrogen in postmenopausal women, increases mammary proliferation and is associated with an increased risk of developing breast carcinoma. However, there is conflicting evidence between the association of circulating androgen levels and breast carcinoma. Some studies show elevated levels of androgens (and oestrogens) to be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Others show that androgens act with protective patterns. Finally, there are some studies that observe no association........

[1]. Malvia S, Bagadi S, Dubey U, Saxena S. Epidemiology of breast cancer in Indian women. Asia-Pac J Clin Oncol. 2017;13(4):289-95.
[2]. Dimitrakakis C, Zava D, Marinopolous S, Tsigginou A, Antsaklis A, Glaser R. Low salivary testosterone levels in patients with breast cancer. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:547.
[3]. Dimitrakakis C, Zhou J, Bondy C, Androgens and mammary growth and neoplasia. Fertil Steril. 2002;77(4):S26-33.
[4]. Dimitrakakis C, Bondy C. Androgens and the breast. Breast Cancer Research. 2009;11(5):212.

[5]. Dimitrakakis C, Jones R, Liu A, Bondy C. Breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women using testosterone in addition to usual hormone therapy. Menopause. 2004;11(5):531-35..

Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers of Indian females. Tribal Rajasthan differs a lot from rest of India in respect of geographical conditions, environment, culture, population density etc. and it also has relatively lower literacy rate which is one of the risk factor for many diseases The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cervical cytological pattern in females of tribal part of Rajasthan by using conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and make them aware through camp for the screening of inflammatory, premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. And protect them from unnecessary hysterectomies of young tribal population and to stop this malpractice. Methods: This study was conducted.......

Keywords: Cervical pattern, Bethesda system, Pap smear

[1]. RTI CONTROL PROGRAMME BY PAP SMEAR SCREENING AMONG TRIBALWOMEN IN PALAKKAD DISTRICT
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Abstract: Objective: Identify, if there is any evidence in literature of a detrimental increase in temperature when a deterioration and wear in implant drills occur. The Pubmed database was employed for this purpose.Results: Out of the 13 studies selected, all of them used an infrared camera as a temperature measurement method, since this is the most sensitive method defined. The highest temperature reported in the studies was 67.2ºC and the lowest was 24.1ºC. After 50 uses, a significant wear of the drill can be noticed. Even though this does not significantly affect the increase in temperature during drilling. This increment was more affected by factors such as: the diameter of the drill, the drilling sequence or irrigation.Conclusion: It seems to be that the wear of the drills does not significantly influence a temperature rise above 47ºC..

Keywords: Implant drill; wear; heat; infrared.

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Abstract:Indian Pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest in the world1.
• It has many drug companies, manufacturing different brands of the same drug in the same dosage forms.
• So there is difference in the selling price from brand to brand of the same drug.
• In this scenario, there will be excessive financial burden on the patients if they are prescribed costly brands of the medications.
• This is especially...........

[1]. Sundaram VM. Pharma industry in India. Drug News Perspect.2008;21(1):59-63.
[2]. Park K. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine. 24th ed.Jabalpur. M/s Banarasidas Bhanot Publishers 2017; 372-375.
[3]. Massimo.F.Piepoli, Arno W.Hoes,Stefan Agewall et al. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2016). The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts). Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) Eur Heart J (2016) 37 (29): 2315-2381.
[4]. Graham, I. et al. Dyslipidemias in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: risks and causality. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 14, 709–720 (2012)
[5]. Anderson TJ, Grégoire J, Pearson GJ, et al. 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Nov;32(11):1263-1282..

Abstract: Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common health problems in the community as well as in nosocomial set up affecting all age groups from Neonates to Geriatric[1,7]. Widespread use of antibiotics for these highly predictable susceptibility pattern of the common uropathogens has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms [5]. Nitrofurantoin,a Nitrofuran antimicrobial is a cost effective, well tolerated,oral broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic .It acts at multiple site hence is effectively used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus.[4]. But most Proteus species,Serratia marcescens,Morganella morgagni, Pseudomonas species and Acinetobacter species are naturally resistant[...........

Keywords: ESBL,MRSA,Nitrofurantoin.

[1]. R.Nalini,J.Ezhil Ramya,B.Meenakshi,N.Palaniappan,S.Poongodi,Recent sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli infection in urinary tract infection,RRJMB,3(3) 2014,31-5.
[2]. Jayashree Konar, Indrani Bhattarcharyya, Sipra Saha, Dipankar paul.,Nitrofurantoin in urinary tract infection:Old is gold.AJADD,2(4),2014, 463-7.
[3]. Mayo foundation for medical education,Mayo clin Proc,86(12),2011,1243-8.
[4]. Laishram Shakti, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Advantage and limitations of nitrofurantoin in multi-drug resistant Indian scenario,JMM.,33, 2015,477-81.
[5]. Akobi Oliver Adeyemi1, Emumwen Evbaziegbere Gideon, Inyinbor Henry Eromosele, Antibiotics Susceptibility Patterns of some Uropathogens to Nitrofurantoin and Nalidixic Acid among Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections in Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger-State, North Central, Nigeria,.AJEID,2(4),2014,88-92...

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital malformations are common cause of neonatal admission in NICU. Its early detection and timely intervention is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates. OBJECTIVE: To find out the pattern of congenital malformation in newborn and its outcome in a tertiary care hospital, RIMS Ranchi. METHODOLOGY: This study was a hospital based prospective study conducted from April 2018 to February 2019 in Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), Ranchi. Neonates with congenital malformation were diagnosed by clinical examination and appropriate investigations. Neonates with minor anomalies were excluded. Medical and Surgical interventions were done accordingly. RESULTS: Out of total 2545 Neonates..........

[1]. Kleigman, Stanton, St Geme, Schor,Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics,ͭFirst South asia Edition, Elsevier, 2016,Pg:900-902;833; 862-864; 2806-2808; 2814-2817
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[4]. Verma M, Chattwal J, Singh D. Congenital Malformations-A Retrospective study of 10000 cases. IJP 1991;58(2):245-252
[5]. Singh S, Shergill A, Singh R. Role of ultrasound in detection of antenatal fetal anamolies. In J Radiol Imag 2006;16:831-34...

Abstract: Introduction: Dilated cardiomyopathy is an important cause of congestive heart failure and accounts for up to 25% of all cases of CHF. The incidence of DCM appears to be increasing and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.Objective: To study the clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiograph profile of patients with DCM.Methods: A total of 60 patients who were admitted to Sri VenkateswaraRamnarainRuia Government General Hospitaland fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria were evaluated by history, physical examination, ECG and echocardiography.Results: Majority of the patients were above the age of 60 years of which males comprised 56.66...............

Keywords: Dilated cardiomyopathy, clinical profile, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography

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[5]. Singh G, Nayyar BS, Bal BS, Arora JS. Clinical profile of dilated cardiomyopathy: Indian Heart Journal 2001; 53: 560-659..

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer related causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The use of tumor markers is a good way to improve the prognosis and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the two markers in fifty patients with CRC (as a test group) compared to twenty five apparently healthy persons (as a control group). The test group included in this study was from National Cancer Institute (NCI-Sudan), the test and the control groups were matched in term of age. Tumor markers Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA 19-9 were determined by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) using commercial kits from Roche Company (Germany) and Cobas e 411Immunoassay Analyzer. Patients with colorectal cancer showed highly significant increases in CEA and CA19-9 compared to the control group (p < 0.01), and more advanced......

[1]. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D Global cancer statistics. Cancer J Clin, (2011), 61:69–90
[2]. Xue-Qin Yang, Chuang Chen, Chun-Wei Peng, Shao-Ping Liu and Yan Li. Carbohydrate antigen 242 highly consists with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Med Oncol, (2012), 29:1030–1036.
[3]. Kim FC, Rob SA, Kim HC, Koo KH, and cob YK. Co-expression of Carcinoembryonic Antigen and E-cadherin in Colorectal Adeno-carcinoma with liver metastasis. Gastrointestinal Surg, (2003), 7:931-938.
[4]. Dixon MR, Haukoos JS, Udani SM, Naghi JJ, Arnell TD, Kumar RR and Stamos MJ. Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Albumin Predict Survival in Patients with Advanced Colon and Rectal Cancer. Arch Surg (2003); 138: 962-966.
[5]. Shimono R, Mori M, Akazawa K, Adachi Y and Sgimachi K. Immunohistochemical Expression of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in colorectal carcinoma. American J of Gastroenterology (1994), Vol. 89, No. 1.101-105..

Abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, various risk factors, various methods of diagnosing infection, disinfection and sterilization methods, efficacy, degree of microbial contamination, severity of wound infection by clinical grading of post operative wound infection in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at Acharya Vinoba Bhave rural hospital attached to Jawaharlal Nehru medical college and Sharad Pawar dental college, sawangi (Meghe) Wardha in collaboration with department of Microbiology of the same institute. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present..........

Keywords: Noso-comial infection, SSI (Surgical site infection

[1]. Nancy FP, Edna CB, Mary LK. Berry & Kohn;s Operating room technique. Mosby; 2004
[2]. Srivastava SP, Atal PR, Singh RP. Studies on hospital infection. Ind Journl of Surgery. 1969; 31F:612-621.
[3]. Brunicardi FC, Anderson DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Pollock RD. Schwartz's Principles of Surgery. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2006.
[4]. Sabiston DC, Townsend CM, Sabiston Textbook of surgery: The Biological basis of Modern surgical practice. 16th WB Saunders; 2007..

Abstract: Introduction: Effectiveness of probiotics along with other medicines in treatment of acute pancreatitis has been studied by many researchers. Use of probiotics can prevent bacterial translocation and infective complications. Material and Methods: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in RIMS, Ranchi. 60 patients of acute pancreatitis were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. In group A patients of acute pancreatitis were given regular doses of probiotics along with other necessary medicines while in group B placebo was given along with other medications. Treatment outcomes were compared. Results: In probiotics group, hospital stay was significantly lower than placebo group. No infective complication was seen in probiotics group while 1 patient in placebo group developed infected pancreatic necrosis............

Keywords: Acute pancreatitis (AP), Randomised trial, Placebo, Probiotics.

[1]. Chamara Basnayake, Dilip Ratnam, Blood tests for acute pancreatitis, Aust Prescr. 2015 Aug; 38(4): 128–130

. [2]. Banks PA, Bollen TL, Dervenis C, Gooszen HG, Johnson CD, Sarr MG, et al. Acute Pancreatitis Classification Working Group Classification of acute pancreatitis--2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. Gut 2013;62:102-11.

[3]. Alfredo F Tonsi, Matilde Bacchion, Stefano Crippa, Giuseppe Malleo, Claudio Bassi; Acute pancreatitis at the beginning of the 21st century: The state of the art; World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun 28; 15(24): 2945–2959.

[4]. Dervenis C, Smailis D, Hatzitheoklitos E. Bacterial translocation and its prevention in acute pancreatitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2003;10:415–418.

[5]. Nieuwenhuijs VB, Verheem A, Duijvenbode-Beumer H, et al. The role of inter digestive small bowel motility in the regulation of gut microflora, bacterial overgrowth, and bacterial translocation in rats. Ann Surg. 1998;228:188–193...

Abstract: Background: Neonatal Cholestasis occurs due to so many causes like- genetic, metabolic, obstructive & less commonly infective. It is never physiological. Aims & Objectives: To describe a stepwise approach for the evaluation of neonatal cholestasis, to understand the importance of early screening for neonatal cholestasis and to understand the frequency of various clinical forms of neonatal cholestasis. Methodology: It is a prospective cohort study, it will include 30 babies diagnosed as having Neonatal Cholestasis at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand from 13 April 2018 to 31 January 2019. In this study descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of data will be done using suitable stastical method............

Keywords: Cholestasis, Hyperbilirubinemia, PFIC, Biliary Atresia.

[1]. Davis AR, Rosenthal P, Escobar GJ, Newman TB. Interpreting conjugated bilirubin levels in newborns. J Pediatr. 2011; 158(4):562.e1–565.e1. [PubMed: 21074172]
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[4]. McKiernanPJ. Neonatalcholestasis. SeminNeonatol (2002) 7(2):153–65. doi:10.1053/siny.2002.0103
[5]. Vinod K Paul, Arvind Bagga. Ghai Essential Pediatrics. Ninth edition 2019 , P 325-327..

Abstract: Background: Childhood immunization is a grave public health success in many developing countries. There is always need of local level data to supplement the national level survey, hence we conducted the present study to assess the immunization coverage. Materials And Methods:This community based cross sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas of Lucknow district over a period of 18 months inchildren up to 5 years of age. A total of 410 children were included. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, which was administered by the lead author during a face-to-face interview. Results:Overall 84.3% children..........

Keywords:Immunization; Coverage; BCG; Measles; DPT; Vaccination

[1]. World Health Organization. Immunization. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/topics/immunization/en/ index.html.
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[2]. UNICEF. All India Report 2005 Coverage Evaluation Survey. New Delhi: UNICEF; 2006. p. VIII.
[3]. Coverage evaluation survey 2009, Fact sheets, Uttar Pradesh. Available from URL:
http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/library/R309_UNICEF_2010_INDIA_2009CoverageSurvey.pdf.Accessed on 10/06/12.

[4]. Vashishtha VM. Routine immunization in India: A reappraisal of the system and its performance. Indian Pediatr.2009; 46: 991-2.
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