iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2019

Abstract: Introduction: VATS refers to the use of minimally invasive operative techniques employing endo-video guidance to accomplish thoracic surgical procedures previously requiring thoracotomy.. Patients& Methods: A prospective and retrospective analysis of 28 patients undergoing VATS for undiagnosed pleural effusion, empyema thoracis (post pneumonic or tubercular), bronchopleural fistula, ruptured liver abscess in pleural cavity, diaphragmatic hernia, eventration of diaphragm and lung cancer was done. Results: All 28 patients who underwent diagnostic or therapeutic procedures using VATS, 89% of them achieved satisfactory outcomes with symptomatic relief during follow up period. Conclusion: VATs is feasible and perhaps a better alternative for treatment of various diseases of thoracic cavity as compared to open thoracotomy.

Key words: VATS-Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

[1]. Demmy TL, Krasna MK, Detterbeck FC, et al. Multicenter VATS experience with mediastinal tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998; 66: 187–192 [PubMed]

[2]. Hazelrigg SR, Landreneau RJ, Mack MJ, Acuff TE. Thoracoscopic resection of mediastinal cysts. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993; 56: 659–660 [PubMed]

[3]. Roviaro GC, Rebuffat C, Varoli F, et al. Major thoracoscopic operations: pulmonary resection and mediastinal mass excision. Int Surg. 1996; 81: 354–358 [PubMed]

[4]. Coosemans W, Lerut TE, Van Raemdonck DEM. Thoracoscopic surgery: the Belgian experience. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993; 56: 721–730 [PubMed]

[5]. Yim APC. Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of anterior mediastinal masses. Int Surg. 1996; 81: 350–353 [PubMed] 2009;39:34..

Abstract: The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence and the effect of significant blood pressure difference between the right and left arms in patients with Pregnancy induced hypertension.. The effects were measured in terms of feto- maternal outcomes .Of total of 162 subjects were studied, 112 had mild preeclampsia and 50 had severe pre eclampsia. Among these patients significant systolic blood pressure difference was observed in 41 subjects, and significant diastolic blood pressure difference was observed in 51 subjects between the arms. The right arm has higher systolic blood pressures in 26 subjects, and higher diastolic blood pressures in 30 subjects.....

Keywords: Inter arm blood pressure difference, Maternal and fetal outcome

[1]. Cunningham, Leveno, Bloom, Spong, Dashe, Hoffman, Casey and Sheffield, Hypertensive disorders, williams obstetrics [Mc Graw Hill Education, 2014]. 728-798.
[2]. Dutta Dc, konar H.Hypertension disorders in pregnancy. Textbook of Obstetrics.2000 6th Ed:221-42.
[3]. Poon L,Kametas N, strobe L, Pachoumi C, Nicolaides K.Inter-arm blood pressure differences in pregnant women. BJOG 2008. 115:1122-1130.
[4]. Ray W.T.Assesment of blood pressure discrepancies in third trimester hypertensive gravidas.AANA Journal,2000, 68(6), 525-530.
[5]. A. Buchbinder, M.S. Baba, C. Steve. Adverse perinatal outcomes are significantly higher in severe gestational hypertension than in mild preeclampsia, AJOG Journal, 2002, 186 (1), 66-71.

Abstract: Introduction: Mobile phone technology revolution has resulted in a high-frequency electromagnetic environment which has resulted in a spectrum of potential health hazards. The effects of this widespread electromagnetic radiation (EMR) directly on autonomic tone of the body and thereby indirectly on modifying the functions of cardiovascular functions remains understudied. Studies have confirmed that autonomic system influences the beat to beat variability of heart rate and so heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is considered to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. And so, this study was designed to measure the effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phones and Bluetooth on cardiac autonomic modulation by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis.

Key Words: Heart Rate Variability, Electromagnetic Radiation, Heart Rate, Mobile Phone, Autonomic Tone.

[1]. Ahamed VI, Karthick NG, Joseph PK. Effect of mobile phone radiation on heart rate variability. Comput Biol Med. 2008;38(6):709-12.7.
[2]. Pal GK, Pal P. Textbook of Practical Physiology. 3rd ed. Hyderabad, India: Universities Press; 2013. p. 291-7.
[3]. Altamura G, Toscano S, Gentilucci G, Ammirati F, Castro A, Pandozi C, et al. Influence of digital and analogue cellular telephones on implanted pacemakers. Eur Heart J. 1997;18(10):1632-41.
[4]. Barbaro V, Bartolini P, Bellocci F, Caruso F, Donato A, Gabrielli D, et al. Electromagnetic interference of digital and analog cellular telephones with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: In vitro and in vivo studies. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:626-34.
[5]. Hayes DL, Carrillo RG, Findlay GK, Embrey M. State of the science: Pacemaker and defibrillator interference from wireless communication devices. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1996;19(10):1419-30

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic. Increased platelet activation has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of vascular complications. Platelet volume, a marker of the platelet function and activation, is proposed to be involved as a causative factor with respect to altered platelet morphology and function. Mean platelet volume (MPV), an important, simple, effortless, and cost-effective tool and thus has potential to be used as an indicator of presence of vascular complications. AIM: The aim of the study is to compare MPV in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with good glycemic control with that of poor glycemic control and to investigate the association between MPV and microvascular complications of diabetes.........

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Mean Platelet Volume, microvascular complications.

[1]. Kasper, Dennis L. Harrison's manual of medicine. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2005.Platelet indices in diabetes mellitus: indicators of diabetic microvascular complications.

[2]. Mitchell RN. Haemodynamic Disorders,Thrombo-embolic Disease and Shock.In :Kumar, Vinay, et al. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014.

[3]. Schneider DJ. Factors Contributing to Increased Platelet Reactivity in People with Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(4):525-527. doi:10.2337/dc08-1865.

[4]. Demirtunc, Refik, et al. "The relationship between glycemic control and platelet activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus." Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 23.2 (2009): 89-94.

[5]. Kodiatte TA, Manikyam UK, Rao SB, et al. Mean Platelet Volume in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Laboratory Physicians. 2012;4(1):5-9. doi:10.4103/0974-2727.98662

Abstract: The fabrication of a multiunit fixed partial denture may include a soldering step to assemble the individual components. The decision to solder is based on the accumulated inaccuracies found in the various materials and techniques used through the casting stage. Soldering has been defined as the joining of metals by the medium of a filler metal that has a lower fusion temperature than that of the metal parts to be joined. This article mainly focuses on the principles of soldering, the parameters affecting the outcomes of this technique, and the obtained dimensional accuracy of soldering. A comprehensive chancery of principles, the background, theory, working terminologies is being elaborately included in the article

Keywords: soldering, soldering techniques, flux, antiflux

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[5]. Coleman RL: Physical properties of dental materials (gold alloysand accessory materials). Research paper No 32, Bureau ofStandards Journal of Research, Dec 1928:893–4. US Dept ofCommerce, Paffenbarger Research Center, Gaithersburg, MD.

Abstract: In studies conducted over the past 60 yr, incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (POPCs) has varied between 5- 70%, the highest rates were for upper abdominal and thoracic procedures.(1) POPCs include postoperative hypoxia, atelectasis , bronchospasm, pulmponary infiltrate, aspiration pneumonitis, pleural effusions and pulmonary oedema.(2) Factors contrubing to post operative respiratory complications include diaphragm dysfunction, decreased mucociliary clearance, shallow and monotonous breathing and respiratory depression.(3) Current smoking was associated with a nearly six fold increase in risk for a POPC. Reduction in smoking within 1 month of surgery was not associated with a decreased risk of POPCs.(4) Midline incision caused significantly more pulmonary dysfunction than a transverse incision in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.(.......

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[2]. Kamleshpatel et al:Post operative pulmonary complications following major elective abdominal surgery: a cohort study.Perioperative Medicine.2016;5:10.
[3]. Abraham Mathew et al: A study of postoperative pulmonary complications following upper abdominal operations. Indian Journal of Basic and applied medical research.2015;5(1):351-358.
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[5]. Bart M.Rademaker et al: Pulmonary function and stress response after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Comparison with subcostal incision and influence of thoracic epidural Analgesia. Anesthesia Analgesic. 1992;75:381-385.

Abstract: The Vajjiravalli chooranam is traditionally used in siddha system for various skin diseases and pain management and osteo problems. The Vajjiravalli chooranam was evaluated for its analgesic activity on Swiss albino mice according to acetic acid induced writhing method. Writhing method is the most common test for evaluating the analgesic efficacy of drugs in rodents.. The Vajjiravalli chooranam was used 500mg/kg given orally to the animals. The end of the study result shows that the Vajjiravalli chooranam have 44.48% inhibition activity.

Keywords: Vajjiravalli chooranam, Siddha medicine, Analgesic.

[1]. S. Sadhanandham, G. Narayanan, M. R. K. Rao, K. Prabhu, S. Jones, A. Ravi, S. Dinakar. 2015. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., Vol
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Research, Vol 7(9), pp 393-401.
[3]. J. Swathi, K. Narendra, K. M. Sowjanya, A. Krishna Satya. 2013. African Journal of Biochemsitry Research, Vol 7(10), pp 3263-
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Brazilian Journal of Medicine and Biological Research 21, 341–343.
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(wild ex R. et S.) Muell. Arg. Alkaloids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 48, 77–83.

Abstract: Colorectal region is the most common site of gastrointestinalmalignancy and represents about 15% of all cancer-related deaths. The incidence peaks around seventh decade of life and less than 20% presents before the age of 50. But colorectal carcinoma in children is very rare, with an incidence of only 1.3 per million.[1]Because of this rarity, clinical managementand treatment strategies are generally extrapolated from experience with adults.[8]However, many small series and case reports suggest that children are more likely than adults to have an advanced-stage disease at presentation, unfavourable (mucinous) tumour histology, and a pooroutcome.[........

Keywords: Acute intestinal obstruction, children, mucinous adenocarcinoma colon

[1]. Afroza A, Hasan S, Rukunuzzaman M, Hussain SA, Amin R. Carcinomarectum in an 11 years old boy. Mymensingh Med J 2007;16 (2 Suppl):S70-72.
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[3]. Karnak I, Ciftci AO, Senocak ME, Bu¨yu¨kpamukc¸u N (1999) Colorectal carcinoma in children. J PediatrSurg 34:1499–1504
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[5]. Radhakrishnan CN, Bruce J (2003) Colorectal cancers in children without any predisposing factors: a report of eight cases and review of the literature. Eur J PediatrSurg 13:66–68

Abstract: Sennertus1 was the first to describe a posttraumatic herniation of the stomach in 1541. Both blunt and penetrating injuries can cause diaphragmatic injuries. Diaphragmatic ruptures can occur in up to 0.8% to 7% of blunt abdominal trauma, with large left-sided defects being the most common.5-8If the injury is not recognized, progressive herniation of abdominal contents may ensue. It is estimated that approximately 40% to 62% of ruptured diaphragms are missed during the acute hospital stay.5 Time delay of presentation has been reported to be from several weeks to 50 years.7 however, as a missed TDI may result in grave sequelae due to herniation and strangulation of displaced intra-abdominal organs as well as respiratory compromise. Establishing the...........

[1]. Patrizio Petrone et al, Diaphragmatic injuries and post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernias, current problems in surgery 2016
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[3]. Paré A. Oeuvres Completes d'AmbroiseParé. In: Malgaigne JF, ed. Paris, France. Bailliere, 1840-1841, vol. 11, pp 94-100.
[4]. Hamby WB.The Case Reports and Autopsy Records of AmbroiseParé Spring field, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1960; p 50–51.
[5]. Crandall M, Popowich D, Shapiro M, West M. Posttraumatic hernias: historical overview and review of the literature. Am Surg.2007 Sep;73(9):845–850.

Abstract: Introduction: The pace of population ageing around the world is also increasing dramatically. By 2050, 80% of all older people will live in low and middle-income countries. In the present situation, the current study was planned and carried out on a pilot basis in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India. Aim: To study the Psychiatric and Physical Morbidity in inmates of old age homes Methodology: A total of 145 inhabitants of five old age homes were included, ICD-10 was used for the diagnosis of the patient. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination scales were administered to assess the psychotic........

Keywords: Old age homes, elderly, psychiatric, mental, morbidity, physical illness.

[1]. Avasthi A. Preserve and strengthen family to promote mental health. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010;52(2):113-126.

[2]. Srinivasan N. Families as partners in care. Perspectives from AMEND. Indian J Soc work 2000; 61: 113-126.

[3]. Vijay Kumar S. Challenges before the elderly: An Indian Scenario. New Delhi : MD publications 1995.

[4]. Mc Connell CE. A Note on the life time risk of nursing home residency. Gerontologist. 1984 24: 193-198.

[5]. Seby K, Chaudhury S, Chakraborty R. Prevalence of psychiatric and physical morbidity in an urban geriatric population. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2011;53(2):121-127.

Abstract: Inhaled volatile anesthetic remain the most widely used drug for the maintenance of general anesthesia. This is because of the ease of administration and predictable intraoperative and recovery characteristics. Isoflurane and sevoflurane are in current practice for maintenance of anesthesia.Management of haemodynamic stability is the most important part of standardized balanced technique. Post operative recovery is the most important aspect to look for in standardized balanced anaesthesia technique with volatile anesthetics. The study was done to evaluate post operative recovery characteristics(Early recovery and delayed recovery criteria using PACU discharge criteria......

[1]. C. Philip Larson Jr. Sevoflurane: The Best Volatile Anesthetic Agent Ever Developed. Curr Rev Nurs Anesth; 27(25):293-304, 2005.
[2]. Colton G: Anesthesia. Who made and developed this great discovery? New York, AG Sherwood, 1886.
[3]. Bunker JP: Final report of the National Halothane Study.
[4]. Eger EI 2nd . The pharmacology of isoflurane. Br J Anesth 1984; 56 Suppl 1: 71S-99S.
[5]. Pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. Fourth edition. Robert K Stoelting, Simon C Hillier

Abstract: Varicose veins is a growing menace in general population which commonly present with varicosities , pigmentation and relentless non healing ulceration. Ulcers range from small waxing and waning ulcers to circumferential deep ulcers which are adamant. Common modalities like surgery( including Trendlenburg's, stripping and microphlebectomy), EVLT and RFA address the problem of main veins leaving behind small veins like reticular veins and ankle flare. This leads to recurrence of varicosities and ulceration. In this study,we evaluated 58 cases of Varicose veins treated with Foam sclerotherapy(FS) either as primary modality (n.34)or as an adjunct........

Key Word: Foam sclerotherapy,varicose vein,sodium tetradecylsulphate

[1]. van den Bremer J, Moll FL (2010) Historical overview of varicose vein surgery. Ann VascSurg 24:426–

[2]. Royle J, Somjen GM (2007) Varicose veins: Hippocrates to Jerry Moore. ANZ J Surg 77:1120–1127

[3]. Eklof B, Rutherford RB, Bergan JJ, Carpentier PH, Gloviczki P, Kistner RL et al (2004) Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement. J VascSurg 40:1248–1252

[4]. Tessari L, Cavezzi A, Frullini A (2001) Preliminary experience with new sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins. DermatolSurg 27:58–60

[5]. Khunger N, Sacchidanand S (2011) Standard guidelines for care: sclerotherapy in dermatology. Indian J DermatolVenereolLeprol 77:222–231 doi:10.4103/0974-2727.98662

Abstract: Introduction: Clinical trials play an important role in the generation of evidence-based data in health care practices. To ensure the credibility of data and the safety and well-being of the patients Good clinical practice (GCP) guidelines play an important role. The present study intends to assess health care professionals' knowledge, perception, and attitude towards compliance with the International Conference on Harmonization - Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP) guidelines in basic aspects of conduct of clinical trial and associated regulatory as well as ethical issues before and after the educational intervention in form of a workshop on Good Clinical Practice (GCP).Aim:To assess the level of awareness, and perception of the health care providers toward GCP and subsequent change in these after a day training session on GCP guidelines.Methods: After obtaining approval from the IEC and valid informed consent, the participants were recruited into the study. A........

[1]. Examples of clinical practice guidelines using Good Clinical Practice as lowest grade of recommendation.
[2]. E6 (R2) Good Clinical Practice: Integrated addendum to ICH E6 (R1) – Guidance for industry.

[3]. World Health Organization. Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice (GCP) for Trials on Pharmaceutical Products. WHO Technical Report Series, No. 850. 1995:97–137.

[4]. Clinical Trials.gov. A Service of the US National Institutes of Health. [Last accessed on 2015 Mar 15]. Available from: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/search/advanced .

[5]. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline E6: Note for Guidance on Good Clinical Practice (PMP/ICH/135/95) London: European Medicines Agency; 2002. [Last accessed on 2015 Aug 11]. European Medicines Agency. Available from: http://www.edctp.org/fileadmin/documents/EMEA_ICH-GCP_Guidelines_July_2002.pdf .

Abstract: The primary goal of imaging study is to detect an abnormality, then characterize whether malignant or benign.Various modalities have been established,each having their own pros and cons.When it comes to gynecological imaging ,USG has dominated the imaging studies of female pelvis due to its easy accessibility, feasibility, most importantly it has limited radiation hazards, but has its own limitations.CT,a relatively new approach uses multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), which allows thinner sections, faster imaging, and good spatial resolution, has led to its more common use for further characterization of adnexal mass and staging work-up of ovarian malignancy 2-4. CT protocol for the evaluation of abdomen and pelvis has even adopted multiphase CT scans, including.........

Keywords: computed TOMOGRAPHY(CT),UNENHANCED(UE),CONTRAST ENHANCED (CE)

[1]. Hricak H, Chen M, Coakley FV, Kinkel K, Yu KK, Sica G, et al. Complex adnexal masses: detection and characterization with MR imaging--multivariate analysis. Radiology. 2000;214:39–46.

[2]. Tsili AC, Tsampoulas C, Charisiadi A, Kalef-Ezra J, Dousias V, Paraskevaidis E, et al. Adnexal masses: accuracy of detection and differentiation with multidetector computed tomography. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;110:22–31.

[3]. Zhang J, Mironov S, Hricak H, Ishill NM, Moskowitz CS, Soslow RA, et al. Characterization of adnexal masses using feature analysis at contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2008;32:533–540.

[4]. Tsili AC, Tsampoulas C, Argyropoulou M, Navrozoglou I, Alamanos Y, Paraskevaidis E, et al. Comparative evaluation of multidetector CT and MR imaging in the differentiation of adnexal masses. Eur Radiol. 2008;18:1049–1057.

[5]. Greess H, Nömayr A, Wolf H, Baum U, Lell M, Böwing B, et al. Dose reduction in CT examination of children by an attenuation-based on-line modulation of tube current (CARE Dose) Eur Radiol. 2002;12:1571–1576

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a noncommunicable disease which is most prevalent and has become a modern epidemic. For many times, diabetes was diagnosed based on plasma glucose criteria, either the fasting blood sugar (FBS) or 2-h post prandial (PPG) in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In 2009, an International Expert Committee recommended the use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) to diagnose diabetes with a value of ≥6.5% and was accepted by ADA in 2010. Therefore the study was aimed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar as a diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus and for long........

Keywords: American diabetes association (ADA), Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, postprandial blood glucose..

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[3]. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes — 2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35 Suppl 1:S11-63.

[4]. Bao Y, Ma X, Li H, Zhou M, Hu C, Wu H, et al. Glycated haemoglobin A1c for diagnosing diabetes in Chinese population: Cross sectional epidemiological survey. BMJ 2010;340:c2249.
[5]. Nathan DM, Turgeon H, Regan S. Relationship between glycated haemoglobin levels and mean glucose levels over time. Diabetologia 2007;50:2239-44.

Abstract: Dentistry has evolved a lot since its inception. There has been a gradual transition from a general dental practitioner to a specialized dentist and now to an interdisciplinary approach. The dental treatment now aims for a comprehensive treatment in order to achieve maximum patient satisfaction. This has been possible with the aid of the immense scientific development that has enabled us to achieve the maximum results in the minimum time. This article highlights the contribution of science and technology in the evolution of interdisciplinary dentistry.

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[2]. Levine AE, Bebermeyer RD, Chen JW, Davis D, Harty C. Development of an interdisciplinary course in information resources and evidence-based dentistry. Journal of Dental Education. 2008 Sep 1;72(9):1067-76.
[3]. Polverini PJ, Krebsbach PH. Research and discovery science and the future of dental education and practice. Journal of dental education. 2017 Sep 1;81(9):eS97-107.
[4]. Maheshwari S, Verma S, Balamani A, Prabhat K. Personalized dentistry. European Journal of General Dentistry. 2014 Jan 1;3(1):85-.
[5]. Rai S, Kaur M, Kaur S. Applications of stem cells in interdisciplinary dentistry and beyond: an overview. Annals of medical and health sciences research. 2013 Apr;3(2):245