iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2022

Abstract: Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a normal habitant of skin & mucous membrane. But when it enters into enter into body through cuts, incision, abrasion, injuries, burns, catheters and causes various pyogenic infections. Antibiotic resistance among bacteria is of great public health burden leads to increased stay and cost for the treatment and again added with hospital acquired infections makes the scenario worrisome. Materials and method: Various clinical samples were collected from patients attending our hospital and transported to lab immediately and processed as per standard protocol using grams staining, culture and biochemical reactions for Staphylococci. All the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were subjected for antibiotic susceptibility testing as per CLSI guidelines....

Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, antibiogram

[1]. Trivedi MB, Vegad M, Soni S. 2015. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in various clinical samples in a tertiary-care hospital. Int J Med Sci Public Health, 4:1735-1738.
[2]. Hamid S, Bhat MA, Mir IA, Taku A, Badroo GA, Nazki S, Malik A. 2017. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis, Veterinary World, 10(3): 363- 367.
[3]. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance [Internet]. World Health Organization; April 2014 (cited 2019 Jun 15 ).
[4]. Bailey & Scott's, Diagnostics Microbiology 14 th edition
[5]. Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology. 2006. Tests for the identification of Bacteria, 14th edn

Abstract: Background: Periapical inflammation is often responsible for distinct maxillary sinus changes. This study evaluated the association between the clinical characteristics of periapical lesions in maxillary premolar and molar teeth and the presence of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening by evaluating cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)images . Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, CBCT images of 75 patients with 100 exposed maxillary sinuses were inspected .The relationship of each tooth root with apical lesions and maxillary sinus and effect of these conditions on sinus mucosal thickness (MT) was evaluated. Spearman's Rank Correlation tests was used to assess the correlation between the ordinal variables. The association between the parameters were assessed using Chi-Square Test. The inter......

Key Word: Maxillary sinus mucosal thickening, periapical radiolucency, CBCT.

[1]. Goller-Bulut D, Sekerci AE, Köse E, Sisman Y. Cone beam computed tomographic analysis of maxillary premolars and molars to detect the relationship between periapical and marginal bone loss and mucosal thickness of maxillary sinus.MedOralPatolOralCirBucal.2015Sep1;20(5):e52.
[2]. .Sheikhi M, Pozve NJ, Khorrami L. Using cone beam computed tomography to detect the relationship between the periodontal bone loss and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2014;11:495-501.
[3]. Chanavaz M. Maxillary sinus: anatomy, physiology, surgery, and bone grafting related to implantology--eleven years of surgical experience (1979-1990). J Oral Implantol. 1990;16:199-209.
[4]. Lu Y, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhou X, Zheng Q, Duan X, et al. Associations between maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and apical peri-odontitis using cone-beam computed tomography scanning: a retrospective study. J Endod. 2012;38:1069-74.
[5]. Savolainen S, Eskelin M, Jousimies-Somer H, Ylikoski J. Radiological findings in the maxillary sinuses of symptomless young men. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1997;529:153-7..

Abstract: Background: Dementia is one of the main causes of disability and dependence in the elderly. The aim of the study is to improve the knowledge of dementia, by establishing its prevalence in a region of Algiers and thus enrich its epidemiology aspect. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, door-to-door study in the Department of Sidi M'Hamed in the city of Algiers "Algeria", conducted in the general population, was carried out, between June 2012 and August 2014. The screening of suspected subjects was performed with the Catherine Thomas Anterion Cognitive Complaint Questionnaire (CCQ). The clinical.......

Keywords: Dementia - Prevalence - Elderly - General population - Department of Sidi M'Hamed - City of Algiers.

[1]. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs and Population Division, 2020.
[2]. Prince M, Wimo A, Guerchet M, Gemma-Claire Ali, Yu-Tzu Wu, Prina M. Alzheimer's Disease International. World Alzheimer Report 2015.
[3]. Prince M, Ferri C.P, Acosta D, Albanese E, Arizaga R, Dewey M, Gavrilova S.I, and al. (2007). The protocols for the 10/66 dementia research group population-based research program. BMC Public Health; 7: 165.
[4]. Thomas-Anterion C , Ribas C et al. (2003). Le questionnaire de plainte mnésique: un outil de recherche de plainte suspecte d'évoquer une maladie d'Alzheimer. L'Année Gérontologique; 17:56-65.
[5]. Farrag A, Farwiz HM, Khedr EH, Mahfouz RM, Omran SM. (1998). Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders: Assiut-Upper Egypt study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord ; 9: 323-328.

Abstract: Background: The selection of the treatment protocol for a patient with multiple dental agenesis will depend on many factors, being relevant the number of missing teeth, the age and economic solvency of the patient. Case Report: A 14 year old male patient was taken to the Orthodontics Department of the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC), Mexico, asking for orthodontic treatment. Taking in considerationthe results of the different established analyses, a skeletal class II was diagnosed. The replacement of lateral incisors with canines, as well as rehabilitation with implants, is a treatment aimed at restoring both functionality and esthetics in patients with dental agenesis and should be treated by an interdisciplinary team......

Key Word:Orthodontic, Agenesis, Canine substitution

[1]. Al-Ani AH, Antoun JS, Thomson WM, Merriman TR, Farella M. Hypodontia: An Update on Its Etiology, Classification, and Clinical Management. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017.
[2]. Sarver DM. Management of Congenitally Missing Teeth: Interdisciplinary Care. En: Dentofacial Esthetics: From Macro to Micro. Quintessence Publishing; 2020. p. 391–495
[3]. Sánchez Tito MA, Castillo Guillén CM. Agenesia de segundos premolares inferiores. Rev Odontopediatría Latinoam [Internet]. 2015;5:61–9. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/alop/rol- 2015/rol151g.pdf
[4]. Bilgin N, Kaya B. Etiology and treatment alternatives in tooth agenesis: a comprehensive review. Stomatol Dis Sci. 2018;2(9):2–11.
[5]. Williams R, Park JH, Chae JM, Vaden JL. The congenitally missing second premolar: Space closure. A viable option. Am J OrthodDentofacOrthop [Internet]. 2020;157(4):571-583.e16. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.10.015..

Abstract: Machine learning technology adds a new potential to medical diagnosis systems. This paper presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based swine flu diagnosis model. The proposed model selects significant features for swine flu diagnosis by a feature selection algorithm using random forest classifier reduces the size of data to be used for training the ANN model with an objective of making the training more efficient and accurate. A threshold value is determined by ANN to identify positive and negative cases and the model classifies the test cases either positive or negative based on the threshold value. Those results get from the proposed model demonstrate the ability of the model to provide high level of accuracy for swine flu diagnosis. The assessment (classification) ability of the proposed ANN based model is compared with that of Case Based Reasoning (CBR) approaches and this is compared with the proposed model is gives good result with to others models..

Key Words: Swine Flu, Disease detection, swine flu diagnosis, Machine Learning, Neural Network, Naïve Bayes classifier etc.

[1]. Virendra Singh, et al, ―Pulmonary sequelae in a patient recovered from swine flu‖, Lung India, Vol. 29, pp. No. 277-280, 2012.
[2]. Saroj Kr. Biswas, et al, ―An ANN based Classification Algorithm for Swine Flu Diagnosis‖, International Journal of Knowledge Based Computer Systems, Vol. No.3, pp. 31-42, 2015.
[3]. Priyanka Lokwani, et al, ―Swine Flu: an Overview‖, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, Vol. No. 01, pp. 29-34, 2011.
[4]. Megha Kadam, et al, ―A Review Article on Swine Flu‖, Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. No. 05, pp. 12-16, 2015.
[5]. Rajesh Mujariya, et al, ―A Review On Study Of Swine Flu‖, Indo-Global Research Library, Vol. No.1, pp. 47- 51, 2011.

Abstract: Background: Myopia or near-sightedness comprises a greater proportion of refractive errors. In myopes, various anatomical changes occur in the posterior segment of the globe. With advent of technological improvisation, visualization and recording of these changes have become easier. Periodic testing of myopes is important in time-to-time detection and management of posterior segment manifestations. The primary objectives of this study are to analyze the presentation of posterior segment manifestations in myopic population and to assess various ocular parameters in relation to varied dioptres of myopia. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 104 myopic patients attending OPD at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology.....

Key Word: Refractive error, Myopia, lattice degeneration, tessellations, tilted disc, Staphyloma

[1]. Dhakal R, Goud A, Narayanan R, Verkicharla PK. Patterns of posterior ocular complications in myopic eyes of Indian population. Sci Rep. 2018 Dec;8(1):13700.
[2]. Klein R, Klein BEK, Linton KLP, De Mets DL. The Beaver Dam Eye Study: Visual Acuity. Ophthalmology. 1991 Aug;98(8):1310–5.
[3]. Syafi'in S, Suhita BM. Impaired Vision Function Due to Use of Gadget. J Qual Public Health. 2021 May 7;4(2):83–6.
[4]. Ip JM, Saw SM, Rose KA, Morgan IG, Kifley A, Wang JJ, et al. Role of Near Work in Myopia: Findings in a Sample of Australian School Children. Investig Opthalmology Vis Sci. 2008 Jul 1;49(7):2903.
[5]. Liu HH, Xu L, Wang YX, Wang S, You QS, Jonas JB. Prevalence and progression of myopic retinopathy in Chinese adults: the Beijing Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2010 Sep;117(9):1763–8..

Abstract: Background: Epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of acute abdomen that maymanifest with acute onset of pain in the lower abdomen. Its symptoms may be mistaken for acute diverticulitis, appendicitis,omental infarct, or caecal perforation. In this case report, we discuss a 30- year-old man who presented with sharp left lower quadrant abdominal pain, for which he had an urgent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. On CT images, epiploic appendagitis will appear as oval lesions with a central area of fat attenuation may be accompanied by surrounding inflammation.....

Key Word: Epiploic appendagitis, Acute abdomen, Computed tomography

[1]. M. G. Rodríguez, V. V. Moreira, I. R. Gallego, M. F. Rivero, and E. G. Garrido, "Epiploic appendicitis: the other appendicitis," Gastroenterología y Hepatología, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 98–103, 2008.
[2]. T. A. Tabbara, O. Y. Alassaf, and M. C. Kaouas, "Acute epiploic appendigitis: diagnostic and laparoscopic approach," International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, vol. 44, pp. 157–160, 2018.
[3]. E. A. Chu and E. Kaminer, "Epiploic appendagitis: a rare cause of acute abdomen," Radiology Case Reports, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 599–601, 2018
[4]. M. Sand, M. Gelos, F. G. Bechara et al., "Epiploic appendagitis– clinical characteristics of an uncommon surgical diagnosis," BMC Surgery, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 11, 2007.
[5]. J. Gandhi and N. Gandhi, "Rare disease: epiploic appendagitis," BMJ Case Reports, vol. 2009, 2009.

Abstract: Background: Heat polymerized acrylic resin is one of the most commonly used denture base materials. In addition to having several advantages, this material also has several disadvantages, one of which is hydrophilic.Acrylic resin can absorb water which can cause dimensional changes. This condition results in pressure in the material so that the acrylic resin is easy to crack and fracture.Various attempts have been made to strengthen the mechanical properties of acrylic denture base materials, including the addition of reinforcing materials such as fibers.There are two types of known fibers, namely synthetic and natural fibers. Synthetic fibers are relatively expensive, so an alternative is needed, namely the use of natural fibers (ramie and banana stem).This study aims to determine the effect of adding ramie and banana stem fibers on water absorption and dimensional changes of the acrylic denture base......

Key Word: Water Absorption;LinearDimensional Change;Acrylic Resin Denture Base;Ramie Fiber; Banana Stem Fiber.

[1]. Nandal S, Ghalaut P, Shekhawat H, Gulati M. New Era in Denture Base Resins: A Review. Dent J Adv Stud. 2013;01(03):136–43.
[2]. Felycia, Tarigan S. Pengaruh pelapisan kitosan pada basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas terhadap penyerapan air dan kekuatan transversal. Padjadjaran J Dent Res Students. 2021;5(1):57–63.
[3]. Anusavice KJ, Shen C, Rawls HR. Phillips' Science of Dental Materials. 12th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders; 2013. 53–61 p.
[4]. Mowade TK, Dange SP, Thakre MB, Kamble VD. Effect of fiber reinforcement on impact strength of heat polymerized polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin: In vitro study and SEM analysis. J Adv Prosthodont. 2012;4(1):30–6.
[5]. Kanie T, Fujii K, Arikawa H, Inoue K. Flexural properties and impact strength of denture base polymer reinforced with woven glass fibers. Dent Mater. 2000;16(2):150–8.

Abstract: Background and Significance Sepsis is a frequent and possibly fatal disease, and early detection is important to preventing further progression. However, the current scores for recognizing sepsis lack predictive accuracy. Objective To find the best time to calculate NEWS, qSOFA, and SIRS for predicting clinical deterioration in early sepsis, and to see if changes in these scores over time increase their predictive accuracy. Design Post-hoc analysis of data collected prospectively. Participants and Settings The research was carried out in a tertiary-care teaching hospital's emergency department (ED). Adult medical patients with (possible) sepsis were included in the study......

Key Word: Clinical Deterioration; Emergency Department; National early warning score; Quick sequential organ failure assessment; Repeated measurements; Sepsis; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

[1]. Neviere R, Parsons PE, Finlay G. Sepsis syndromes in adults: epidemiology, definitions, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prognosis [Internet]. UpToDate. 2016. p. 1–12.
[2]. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315:801–810.
[3]. Rudd KE, Johnson SC, Agesa KM, Shackelford KA, Tsoi D, Kievlan DR, et al. Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 2020; 395:200–211.
[4]. Wang HE, Jones AR, Donnelly JP. Revised national estimates of emergency department visits for sepsis in the United States. Crit Care Med 2017; 45:1443–1449.
[5]. Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, Levy MM, Antonelli M, Ferrer R, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43:304–377.