iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-12 ~ Dec. 2022

Abstract: Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PB-DLBCL) is the most common type of both primary and secondary lymphoma B cells, this is a rare extranodal involvement, defined by the presence of a primary lesion within the breast without extra-mammary sites of Involvement except regional node. Typically presents in middle-aged women as a unilateral palpable breast mass. Imaging is unable to distinguish lymphoma from breast cancer, which is more common; therefore, Biopsy is necessary to establish the diagnosis. Whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is widely used in determining clinical staging. The Treatment is chemotherapy and radiation, not surgical excision. The outcome is less favorable, however than that for epithelial breast cancer.......

Key words: breast, diffuse B cell lymphoma, chemotherapy

[1]. Moura C , Leite MI , Parreira R , Medeiros A . Primary breast lymphoma. J Surg Case Reports . 2020;2020(1):1–3 .
[2]. Thomas A , Link BK , Altekruse S , Romitti PA , Schroeder MC . Primary Breast Lymphoma in the United States: 1975–2013. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst . 2017;109(6) .
[3]. Caon J, Wai ES, Hart J, Alexander C, Truong PT, Sehn LH, et al. Treatment and outcomes of primary breast lymphoma. Clin Breast Cancer 2012;12:412–9.
[4]. Nicholson, B. T., Bhatti, R. M., &Glassman, L. (2016). ExtranodalLymphoma of the Breast. RadiologicClinics of NorthAmerica, 54(4), 711–726. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2016.03.005
[5]. Fei Peng et al Epidemiological features of primary breast lymphoma patients and
[6]. development of a nomogram to predict survival The Breast 57 (2021) 49-61.

Abstract: Endodontic success largely depends on the thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy, its variations, the presence of additional roots and root canals and unusual root canal morphology. This case report is about the successful endodontic management of right maxillary first molar in a young male with three roots and six root canals that were identified under the magnification of Dental Operating Microscope and confirmed with Cone Beam Computed Tomography..

Key Word: Maxillary first molar, six root canals, cone beam computed tomography

[1]. V. Malagnino, L. Gallottini,P. Passariello. Some unusual clinical cases on root anatomy of permanent maxillary molars. J Endod 1997; 23(2):127–128.
[2]. O. A. Peters. Current challenges and concepts in the preparation of root canal systems: A review. J Endod 2004; 30(8):559–567.
[3]. F. Baratto Filho, S. Zaitter, G. A. Haragushiku, E. A. de Campos, A. Abuabara, G. M. Correr. Analysis of the internal anatomy of maxillary first molars by using different methods. J Endod 2009; 35(3):337–342.
[4]. B. M. Cleghorn, W. H. Christie, C. C. S. Dong. Root androot canal morphology of the human permanent maxillary firstmolar: a literature review. JEndod 2006; 32(9):813–821.
[5]. G. Hartwell, C. M. Appelstein, W. W. Lyons, M. E. Guzek. The incidence of four canals in maxillary first molars: A clinical determination. Journal of the American Dental Association 2007; 138(1):1344–1346

Abstract: Kangaroo Care (KC) in response to a crisis with the large numbers of low birth weight infants, shortage of staff and facilities, overcrowded nurseries & High mortality due to hospital infection. There had been many documented advantages of KC in previous literature. In this study we planned to compare the effect of duration of kangaroo care on daily weight gain in hemo-dynamically stable preterm and low birth weight neonates. This was a stratified randomized control trail which was done for duration of 9 months from March 2019 to November 2019. In this study, haemodynamically stable preterm infants weighing less than 2000 grams were included. Total 79(71.2%) preterm and low birth weight neonates fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the present study. Mean Daily weight........

Key Word: Kangaroo Care, Low-birth weight neonates, Pre-term Infants care

[1]. Rey ES, Martinez HG. Rational management of the premature infant. Bogotá, Colombia: Colombia Universidad Nacional. 1983:137-51.
[2]. Charpak N, Gabriel Ruiz J, Zupan J, Cattaneo A, Figueroa Z, Tessier R, Cristo M, Anderson G, Ludington S, Mendoza S, Mokhachane M. Kangaroo mother care: 25 years after. Acta Paediatrica. 2005 May;94(5):514-22.
[3]. Ludington-Hoe S. Kangaroo care: The best you can do to help your preterm infant. Bantam; 2012 Feb 1.
[4]. Udani RH, Kabra N, Nanavati RN. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC): A cohort follow up study on impact of duration of KMC on mortality, morbidity, hospital stay and breastfeeding. Journal of Neonatology. 2013 Mar;27(1):5-10.
[5]. Gathwala G, Singh B, Singh J. Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care on physical growth, breastfeeding and its acceptability. Tropical doctor. 2010 Oct;40(4):199-202.

Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate Impact of artificial saliva on the color stability of different nanocomposite restorative materials at different storage times. subjects and methods A total number of 30 resin composite discs were prepared according to the manufacturer's instruction to assess color stability. The resin composite discs were divided into 3 main groups A (n = 10), composed of (A1) Filtek Z350XT (3MESPE), (A2) sphere TEC Dentsply Sirona, and (A3) Estelite sigma Quick. color stability was assessed. Results: at 3 and 12 months, spectrophotometer results exhibited that the "Z350XT" showed statistically significantly lower mean color change values (P<0.05) when compared with "Ceram X" and Estilite £ quick. Conclusion: the soaking time is of great importance, as it affects the composite color stability as well

Key Word: recurrent caries, color stability, class V cavity, resin composites, DIAGNOdent

[1]. Samra AP, Ribeiro DG, Borges CP, Kossatz S. Influence of professional prophylaxis on reducing discoloration of different aesthetic restorative materials. J Dent 2012; 40(2): 71-6.
[2]. Lima FG, Romano AR, Correa MB, De-marco FF. Influence of microleakage, surface roughness and biofilm control on secondary caries formation around composite resin resto-rations: an in situ evaluation. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17(1):61-5.
[3]. Arai, Y.; Kurokawa, H.; Takamizawa, T.; Tsujimoto, A.; Saegusa, M.; Yokoyama, M. Evaluation of structural coloration of experimental flowable resin composites. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2021, 33, 284–293.
[4]. Oivanen, M.; Keulemans, F.; Garoushi, S.; Vallittu, P.K.; Lassila, L. The effect of refractive index of fillers and polymer matrix on translucency and color matching of dental resin composite. Biomater. Investig. Dent. 2021, 8, 48–53.
[5]. Korkmaz Ceyhan, Y.; Ontiveros, J.C.; Powers, J.M.; Paravina, R.D. Accelerated Aging Effects on Color and Translucency of Flowable Composites. J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 2014, 26, 272–278.

Abstract: A research was conducted on eight patients aged 7.5-12 years with Class II Division 1 malocclusion who underwent myofunctional therapy with the Myobrace system. All patients were examined clinically, functionally and radiographically, before, during and after treatment. Analyses were also performed on dental casts before and after treatment, and at both stages frontal and lateral photographs were taken for documentation. All eight patients had a decrease in the overbite and overjet, a noticeable expansion of the dental arches, as well as an increase in the intercanine, interpremolar and intermolar widths. Regarding the correction of atypical swallowing,........

Key Word: Myofunctional; myobrace; orthodontics; malocclusion; correction

[1]. O'Brien C, Benson PE, Marshman Z. Evaluation of a quality of life measure for children with malocclusion. J Orthod. 2007 Sep;34(3):185-93; discussion 176. doi: 10.1179/146531207225022185. PMID: 17761802.
[2]. Alhammadi MS, Halboub E, Fayed MS, Labib A, El-Saaidi C. Global distribution of malocclusion traits: A systematic review. Dental Press J Orthod. 2018 Nov-Dec;23(6):40.e1-40.e10. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.40.e1-10.onl. Erratum in: Dental Press J Orthod. 2019 Aug 01;24(3):113. PMID: 30672991; PMCID: PMC6340198.
[3]. Proffit WR. Contemporary Orthodontics. s.l. Elsevier; 2018.
[4]. Al-Khateeb EA, Al-Khateeb SN. Anteroposterior and vertical components of class II division 1 and division 2 malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 2009 Sep;79(5):859-66. doi: 10.2319/062208-325.1. PMID: 19705928.
[5]. McNamara JA Jr. Components of class II malocclusion in children 8-10 years of age. Angle Orthod. 1981 Jul;51(3):177-202. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(1981)051<0177:COCIMI>2.0.CO;2. PMID: 7023290.

Abstract: The art of aesthetic dentistry has always been on the quest to achieve a beautiful smile. Discoloured teeth are considered as major impairment in aesthetics. Alterations in the colour may be physiologic or pathologic and endogenous or exogenous in nature. An array of treatment alternatives like ceramics or composite veneering, bleaching, full coverage crowns, macroabrasion and microabrasion are available to manage intrinsic tooth discolouration. Most of these treatment modalities are expensive, need exclusive materials and the need of specialized laboratories. Microabrasion, macroabrasion.......

Key Word: Aesthetic dentistry; Macroabrasion; Microabrasion; Conservative; Vital tooth bleaching

[1]. Abanto JA, Rezende KMPC, Marocho SMS, Alves FB, Celiberti P, Ciamponi AL. Dental fluorosis; exposure, prevention, and management. J Clin Exp Dent 2009;1:e14-8.
[2]. Akpata ES. Occurrence and management of dental fluorosis. Int Dent J 2001;51:325-33.
[3]. Sherwood IA. Fluorosis varied treatment options. J Conserv Dent 2010;13:47-53.
[4]. Ardu S, Stavridakis M, Krejci I. A minimally invasive treatment of severe dental fluorosis. Quintessence Int 2007;38:455-8.
[5]. Lynch CD, McConnell RJ. The use of microabrasion to remove discolored enamel: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2003;90(5):417-9

Abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the "gold standard" for the surgical treatment of gallstone disease. This procedure results in less postoperative pain, better cosmesis, and shorter hospital stays and disability from work than open cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the "gold standard" for the surgical treatment of gallstone disease. This procedure results in less postoperative pain, better cosmesis, and shorter hospital stays and disability from work than open cholecystectomy. A comparative clinical study was conducted in the department of Anesthesia, Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. Our study aimed to compare Spinal Anesthesia and General Anesthesia for........

Key Word: Spinal Anesthesia, Surgical Treatment, General Anesthesia, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

[1]. Hamad MA, Ibrahim El-Khattary OA. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia with nitrous oxide pneumoperitoneum: a feasibility study. Surg Endosc. 2003; 17(9):1426-1428.
[2]. Tzovaras G, Fafoulakis F, Pratsas K, Georgopoulou S, Stamatiou G, Hatzitheofilou C. Spinal vs general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Interim analysis of a controlled randomized trial. Arch Surg 2008; 143:497-501. [Pubmed] [Fulltext]
[3]. Soper NJ, Barteau JA, Clayman RV, Ashley SW, Dunnegan DL. Comparison of early postoperative results for laparoscopic versus standard open cholecystectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1992; 174:114-8. [Pubmed]
[4]. Wickham JE. Minimal invasive surgery: Future developments. Br Med J. 1994; 308:193-6.
[5]. Johnson A. Laparoscopic surgery. Lancet. 1997; 349(9052):631-635.

Abstract: Background: First COVID-19 cases were detected in Bangladesh in Dhaka city on the 8th March of 2020. Till then the number of Covid-19 patients is being increased. In several countries, health care services delivery is being compromised due to the surge in the number of infected patients during such pandemic. Day by day this disease is changing its own nature and dimension and forming newer hotspots around the globe. We have very few research-oriented data regarding the final outcomes of COVID-19 patients specially, in the northern part of Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of COVID-19 patients in the northern part of Bangladesh. Methods: This.......

Key Word: COVID-19, Corona symptoms, Outcome, North Bengal

[1]. Hawryluck L, Gold WL, Robinson S, Pogorski S, Galea S, Styra R. 2004. SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 10 (7):1206.
[2]. WHO. 2020a. Organization WH (2020) WHO Director-General's statement on IHR Emergency Committee on Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Available at: https ://www.hoint /dg/speec hes/detai l/who-direc tor-gener al-s-state ment-on-ihr-emerg ency-commi ttee-on-novel -coron aviru s-(2019- n.
[3]. WHO. 2020b. coronavirus disease (covid-19) update. Available at: https:// www.who.int/ bangladesh/ emergencies/ https://www.who.int/bangladesh/emergencies/coro navirus-disease-(covid-19)-update.
[4]. Zandifar A, Badrfam R. 2020. Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 51:101990.
[5]. World Health Organization. ICD-10 Online Versions. Geneva: WHO; 2020 Availableat: http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/icdonlineversions/en/ [Accessed 13October 2020]

Abstract: Background: In Southeast Asian countries like Bangladesh, management of tinea is difficult where uses of several systemic antifungal agents are very common. Fluconazole is a well-known hydrophilic triazole which is available, cost effective and frequently used in treating several tinea infections in Bangladesh. For this reason, information regarding the efficacy and safety of recommended high dose oral fluconazole in treating tinea corporis is very important. We have not enough research-based data regarding this issue. Aim of the study:The aim of this study was to evaluate theefficacy and safety of recommended high dose oral fluconazole in treating tinea corporis......

Key Word: Dermatology, Efficacy, High dose, Oral fluconazole, Tinea corporis, Antifungal

[1]. macokinetics and tissue penetration of fluconazole in humans. Rev Infect Dis 1990;12(suppl 3):318–326.
[2]. Wildfeuer A, Laufen H, Pfaff G, Zimmermann T, Lach P: Bioverfügbarkeit von Fluconazol in der Haut nachoralerMedikation. Mycoses 1992;35(suppl):65–68.
[3]. Tschechne B, Brunkhorst U, Ruhnke M, Traut- mann M, Dempe S, Deicher H: Fluconazol in der Therapie der Candidose des Mund- Rachen-RaumesbeiPatientenmit HIV-Infek- tion. Med Klin1991;86:508–511.
[4]. Stoehr A, Plettenberg A, Begemann F, Heise W, Höffken G: Therapie der SoorösophagitismitFluconazolbei AIDS-Patienten. Chemo- ther J 1992;1: 116–119.
[5]. Stary, A., and E. Sarnow. "Fluconazole in the treatment of tinea corporis and tinea cruris." Dermatology 196.2 (1998): 237-241.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the last 40 years, the pattern of general surgical emergencies in the developing parts of the world had shifted in favour of acute appendicitis. Serveral articles on the incidence of acute appendicitis from developing parts of the world were from urban settings and had exposed the trend. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to ascertain the pattern of general surgical emergencies in a semi- urban setting. SETTING OF THE STUDY: The study was carried out in a 200 bed Teaching Hospital Facility situated in a semi-urban environment.....

Key Word: General surgical emergency, Acute appendicitis, semi- urban, intestinal obstruction.

[1]. Alagoa PJ, Jebin NJ. Port Harcourt Medical Journal—Vol. 4 No.2 (2009): The changing pattern of acute abdomen in Port Harcourt, Nigeria Agbo SP, Oboirien M, Ismail S. Pattern of Surgical Abdominal Emergencies in Sokoto, Nigeria. Jos Journal of Medicine 2012. 6(1).
[2]. Agboola JO, Olatoke SA, Rahman GA. Pattern and presentation of acute abdomen in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Niger Med J 2014;55:266-7
[3]. Obonna GC, Arowolo OA, Agbakwuru EA, Etonyeaku AC. Emerging pattern of emergency abdominal surgeries in Ile-Ife Nigeria. Niger J surgSci 2014;24:31-35
[4]. Nwashili NJ, Okobia NM, Osime OC, Agbugui OJ. The Pattern and outcome of surgical acute abdomen at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Niger J SurgSci 2017;27:51-6
[5]. Ajao OG. Abdominal emergencies in a tropical AfricanPopulation Volume68, issue5, May 1981. Pages 345-347.

Abstract: Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), a common complication of diabetes occurs due to pheripheral neuropathy in long standing disease. About 1 in 6 people with diabetes develop a foot ulcer at some stage. Diabetic wounds are relatively difficult to heal due to defective fibroblast activity, poor angiogenesis and lack of cell migration. In chronic wounds as in DFU, there is increased destruction or inhibition of growth factors due to elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and metallomatrix protein following repeated trauma and infection. The conventional treatment methods for diabetic foot ulcers includesmetabolic control, adequate wound debridement, treatment of comorbidities, revascularization and antimicrobial treatment of infections. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) helps in activating mesenchymal and epithelial cells, stimulating epidermal repair after injury. It also plays......

Key Word: Diabetic foot ulcers, Epidermal growth factor, Wagner's classification

[1]. Çetinkaya ÖA, Çelik SU, Erzincan MB, Hazır B, Uncu H. Intralesional epidermal growth factor application is a potential therapeutic strategy to improve diabetic foot ulcer healing and prevent amputation. Turkish J Surg. 2020;36(1):15–22.
[2]. Bui TQ, Van Phu Bui Q, Németh D, Hegyi P, Szakács Z, Rumbus Z, et al. Epidermal growth factor is effective in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: Meta-analysis and systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(14):1–13.
[3]. Romero Prada M, Roa C, Alfonso P, Acero G, Huérfano L, Vivas-Consuelo D. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the human recombinant epidermal growth factor in the management of patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Diabet Foot Ankle [Internet]. 2018;9(1).
[4]. Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G. Growth factors for diabetic foot ulcers: mixed treatment comparison analysis of randomized clinical trials. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;84(3):434–44.
[5]. Zhang K, Li Y, He J, Xu J, Wan Y, Wan S, et al. Therapeutic Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Combined With Nano Silver Dressing on Diabetic Foot Patients. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12(April):1–8..

Abstract: Appendicitis is the most typical cause of an acute abdomen. Clinical history and physical examination are used to make the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Abdominal ultrasonography is frequently used to diagnose appendicitis. To reach the diagnosis, numerous grading systems were devised. These rating scales are based on clinical characteristics and lab tests. Alvarado, Modified Alvarado, and RIPASA are a few examples.There is still no conclusive laboratory test for the diagnosis of appendicular perforation. Few studies have shown that appendicular perforation is associated with elevated serum bilirubin, but their significance has not been emphasized. The current study aims to evaluate the link between bilirubin levels and its validity as a predictive marker for the diagnosis of appendicular perforation in light of the aforementioned context.......

[1]. Snyder MJ, Guthrie M, Cagle S. Acute Appendicitis: Efficient Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Jul 1;98(1):25–33.
[2]. Bhangu A, Søreide K, Di Saverio S, Assarsson JH, Drake FT. Acute appendicitis: modern understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Lancet. 2015 Sep 26;386(10000):1278–87.
[3]. Wagner M, Tubre DJ, Asensio JA. Evolution and Current Trends in the Management of Acute Appendicitis. SurgClin North Am. 2018 Oct;98(5):1005–23.
[4]. Chaudhary P, Kumar A, Saxena N, Biswal UC. Hyperbilirubinemia as a predictor of gangrenous/perforated appendicitis: a prospective study. Ann Gastroenterol. 2013;26(4):325–31.
[5]. RamasamyRamu T, ChinnakkulamKandhasamy S, Andappan A, Sankar T B. A Prospective Study on the Diagnostic Value of Hyperbilirubinemia as a Predictive Factor for Appendicular Perforation in Acute Appendicitis. Cureus. 10(8):e3214.