iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2023

Abstract: Summary A 38-year-old female who presented with a diminution of vision in the right eye and a positive Mantoux test was found to have tuberculoma in that eye and serpiginous like choroiditis in the other eye. She was treated with antituberculous therapy and systemic corticosteroids. This case is unique as both tuberculoma and serpiginous like choroiditis,, which are different prominent presentations of ocular tuberculosis, presented in both eyes of a single patient.

Keywords: Ocular tuberculosis, Tuberculoma, Choroidal granuloma, Serpiginous like choroiditis, Multifocal choroiditis

[1]. Agrawal R, Gunasekeran DV, Agarwal A, Et Al. The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Description Of The Spectrum Of Choroidal Involvement In 245 Patients With Tubercular Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018:1–11
[2]. Agrawal R, Gunasekeran DV, Grant R, Et Al. Clinical Features And Outcomes Of Patients With Tubercular Uveitis Treated With Antitubercular Therapy In The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017;135(12):1318–1327.
[3]. Agrawal R, Agarwal A, Jabs DA, Et Al. Standardization Of Nomenclature For Ocular Tuberculosis - Results Of Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) Workshop. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019:1–11.Vasconcelos-Santos DV, Rao PK, Davies JB, Et Al. Clinical Features Of Tuberculous Serpiginouslike Choroiditis In Contrast To Classic Serpiginous Choroiditis. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010;128(7):853-8.
[4]. Gupta V, Bansal R, Gupta A. Continuous Progression Of Tubercular Serpiginous-Like Choroiditis After Initiating Antituberculosis Treatment. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;152(5):857-63

Abstract: Addison’s disease (AD) or primary adrenal insufficiency was first described by Thomas Addison in patients with adrenal tuberculosis. Over the past several decades, along with the introduction of anti tuberculous treatment , the incidence of both have declined. The most common symptoms are nonspecific, therefore the diagnosis is often delayed and patients may first present with a life threatening crisis. Here we report a case of Addison’s disease which on further workup was found to be due to one of the most common infections in India-Tuberculosis.

Key Word:Addison’s disease, Tuberculosis, hyperpigmentation

[1]. Betterle C, Dal Pra C, Mantero F, Zanchetta R (2002) Autoimmune Adrenal Insufficiency And Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes: Autoantibodies, Autoantigens, And Their Applicability In Diagnosis And Disease Prediction. Endocr Rev 23: 327-364.
[2]. Nomura K, Demura H, Saruta T (1994) Addison's Disease In Japan: Characteristics And Changes Revealed In A Nationwide Survey. Intern Med 33: 602-606.
[3]. Falorni A, Laureti S, De Bellis A, Zanchetta R, Tiberti C, Et Al. (2004) Italian Addison Network Study: Update Of Diagnostic Criteria For The Etiological Classification Of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 1598-1604
[4]. Gordon HW, Robert GD (2008) Disorders Of The Adrenal Cortex: Harrison's Principles Of Internal Medicine (17ed) The McgrawHill Companies New York.
[5]. Guo YK, Yang ZG, Li Y, Ma ES, Deng YP, Et Al. (2006) Addison's Disease Due To Adrenal Tuberculosis: Contrast-Enhanced CT Features And Clinical Duration Correlation. Eur J Radiol 62: 126-131

Abstract: Background: The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures comprise various extraocular andintraocular consequences. In most cases, maxillofacial surgeons are often responsible for first ophthalmic assessments. Some ocular involvement of ZMC fracture needs immediate consultation of ophthalmologist whereas some ocular injury is simple extraocular involvements, which are not a cause of anxiousness for oral and maxillofacial surgeon, and they can continue the treatment in their field. In this study, it is to be observed that the common extraocular findings in relation to ZMC fracture.

Key Word:Extraocular Injuries, Ocular Injuries, Ophthalmic Injuries, Zygomaticomaxillary

[1]. Ansari M. H. (2005). Blindness After Facial Fractures: A 19-Year Retrospective Study. Journal Of OralAnd Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal Of The American Association Of Oral And MaxillofacialSurgeons, 63(2), 229–237. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Joms.2004.05.221
[2]. Maclennan W. D. (1977). Fractures Of The Malar (Zygomatic) Bone. Journal Of The Royal CollegeOf Surgeons Of Edinburgh, 22(3), 187–196. Https://Pubmed.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/886495/
[3]. NYSINGH J. G. (1960). Zygomatico-Maxillary Fractures With A Report Of 200 Cases. ArchivumChirurgicum Neerlandicum, 12, 157–168. Https://Pubmed.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/14427997/
[4]. Kristensen, S., & Tveterås, K. (1986). Zygomatic Fractures: Classification And Complications. Clinical Otolaryngology And Allied Sciences, 11(3), 123–129.Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/J.1365-2273.1986.Tb00117.X
[5]. Hitchin, A. D., & Shuker, S. T. (1973). Some Observations On Zygomatic Fractures In The Eastern Region Of Scotland. The British Journal Of Oral Surgery, 11(2), 114–117.Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/0007-117x(73)90027-9

Abstract: Background: The impaired glucose tolerance known as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was initially identified in pregnant women. The purpose of this study is to assess and contrast the clinical state and pregnancy outcomes of women with and without GDM. Materials and Methods: Pregnant patients with and without GDM who received prenatal treatment at Jashore Medical College Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh, between June 2021 and May 2022 were included in a retrospective cohort analysis. Clinical information was gathered, such as the mother's age, parity, gestational age at diagnosis, and delivery method. Assessments of pregnancy outcomes were conducted, including but not limited to maternal problems, hypertension, neonatal birth weight, incidence of macrosomia, and other pertinent characteristics.....

Key Word:Gestational diabetes, Pregnancy outcome, Maternal complication, Neonatal complication

[1]. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis And Classification Of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2011; 34:S62-9
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[3]. Cho NH, Shaw JE, Karuranga S, Huang Y, Da Rocha Fernandes JD, Ohlrogge AW, Et Al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global Estimates Of Diabetes Prevalence For 2017 And Projections For 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 138:271–81
[4]. O’Sullivan EP, On Behalf Of The Atlantic DIP Orators,Avalos G, O’Reilly M, Dennedy MC, Gaffney G, Dunne F. Atlantic Diabetes In Pregnancy (DIP): The Prevalence And Outcomes Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using New Diagnostic Criteria. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1670–5
[5]. Group H, Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Dyer AR, Trimble ER, Chaovarindr U, Et Al. Hyperglycemia And Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:1991–2002

Abstract: Trauma to the dentofacial structures in children are often challenging and have a long-term psychological impact on children. Dentofacial injuries with fracture of mandible in symphyseal or parasymphyseal region may or may not be associated with the fracture of condyle, body, angle of mandible, avulsion of teeth and soft tissue injury. The management of a paediatric mandibular fracture is preferably directed towards the conservative one because of the anatomy, dentition, and growth of a child. Conservative management should be less time consuming, easy to fabricate and cost effective. Among variety of conservative treatment available, recently vacuum formed splints are gaining popularity for its multifold advantages. However, most of the published case reports are limited to one case only. Here, we present three cases with mandibular symphyseal and parasymphyseal fractures that were.

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[3]. Zimmermann C , Troulis M , Kaban L . Pediatric Facial Fractures: Recent Advances In Prevention, Diagnosis And Management. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg . 2005;34(8):823 33.
[4]. Posnick JC , Goldstein JA . Surgical Management Of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis In The Pediatric Population. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1993;91(5):791 8. Doi: 10.1097/00006534 199304001 00006. PMID :
[5]. Goth S , Sawatari Y , Peleg M . Management Of Pediatric Mandible Fractures. J Craniofac Surg 2012; 23(1): 47 56.

Abstract: The aim of this work consists in the presentation of those ideas and discoveries that allowed Freud to create psychoanalysis at the end of the 19th century. It is a brilliant theoretical synthesis that provided the tools that were necessary to treat nervous disorders, which at their time had very few solutions. The historical research that was carried out in this document led to the discovery of four "traditions" (evolutionary, hypnotic, empirical-biological and philosophical), so-called because of the strong roots they had in the cultural environment at the time psychoanalysis was born as a medical profession. Freud was not only a receptor of these approaches, but he also knew how to integrate them and develop a completely new theoretical corpus, which caused a significant social change: patients used to take their psychological sufferings to moralists, philosophers, and preachers and now they begin to tell their problems to doctors..

[1]. Brentano F 2020. Psicología Desde El Punto De Vista Empírico. Salamanca: Sígueme.
[2]. Cannon WB 1941. La Sabiduría Del Cuerpo. México: Séneca. [3]. Caparrós Benedito A 1977. Historia De La Psicología (Vol. 1). Circulo Editor Universo.
[4]. Darwin C 2003. El Origen De Las Especies. Madrid: Alianza.
[5]. Ellenberger HF 1976. El Descubrimiento Del Inconsciente. Historia Y Evolución De La Psiquiatría Dinámica. Madrid: Gredos.
[6]. Fechner T 1889. Elementos De Psicofísica. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel

Abstract: Background: Child dental neglect is a major public health issue with long-term implications for children's oral health and overall well-being. The purpose of this study is to investigate parents' knowledge, awareness, and perception of child dental neglect, as well as to assess the oral health status and socioeconomic background of the children involved. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 424 parents or caregivers and their children. The study used both survey-based assessments and clinical examinations to collect comprehensive data on knowledge and awareness. Results. A total of 424 individuals were participated in the study, of which.....

Key Word: Children, dental neglect scale, Oral Hygiene care

[1]. Thomson WM, Spencer AJ, Gaughwin A. Testing A Child Dental Neglect Scale In South Australia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1996 Oct;24(5):351-6. Doi: 10.1111/J.1600-0528.1996.Tb00875.X. PMID: 8954223
[2]. Lourenço CB, Saintrain MV, Vieira AP. Child, Neglect And Oral Health. BMC Pediatr. 2013 Nov 18;13:188. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-188. PMID: 24238222; PMCID: PMC3834883.
[3]. Sischo L, Broder HL. Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life: What, Why, How, And Future Implications. J Dent Res. 2011 Nov;90(11):1264-70. Doi: 10.1177/0022034511399918. Epub 2011 Mar 21. PMID: 21422477; PMCID: PMC3318061.
[4]. Ramazani N. Child Dental Neglect: A Short Review. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2014 Sep 21;3(4):E21861.
Doi: 10.5812/Ijhrba.21861. PMID: 25741483; PMCID: PMC4331660.
[5]. Gurunathan D, Shanmugaavel AK. Dental Neglect Among Children In Chennai. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2016 Oct-
Dec;34(4):364-9. Doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.191420. PMID: 27681401

Abstract: Background: Few parts of State of Tripura are in high endemic zone of malaria but West Tripura district's annual parasite index is less than 1 usually since last five years but recently single case has been reported in Tulabagan village of West District of Tripura. Hence, the study aims at to assess the reason for re-establishment of foci malaria and the community knowledge on Malaria in a low endemic zone and to assess the state of existing preventive practices or control measures......

Key Word: Malaria, low endemic area, outbreak, investigation, knowledge, control, health system response.

[1]. WHO Malaria Factsheet. 2021. Available At: Https://Www.Who.Int/ Health-Topics/ Malaria. Accessed On 21st June, 2023.
[2]. Tripura NVBDCP Report. MESR Data.Xlsx.
[3]. NMEP Framework. Available At:Https://Nvbdcp.Gov.In/Writeread Data/ L892s/National-Framework-For-Malaria-Elimination-In-India-2016%E2%80%932030.Pdf. Accessed On 21st, June 2023.
[4]. Tripura Malaria. Available At:Https://Timesofindia.Indiatimes.Com/ City/Agartala/Tripura-To-Become-Malaria-Free-By-2027-Says-Manik/Articleshow/99747243.Cms?From=Mdr. Accessed On 21st June 2023.
[5]. State-Wise Rainfall. Available At: Https://Mausam.Imd.Gov.In/Imd_ Latest/ Contents/Rainfall_Statistics_4.Php. Accessed On 7th July, 2023.

Abstract: Undernutrition in cancer is the result of a combination of metabolic dysfunction and anorexia, caused by the tumor itself or by its treatment. It is associated with lower tolerance to cancer treatment due to increased toxicity, lower adherence, increased rates of complications, poor postoperative outcomes, longer hospitalization and poor quality of life. Materials and method A one-month nutritional status assessment was conducted in all cancer patients at the Pierre and Marie Curie Centre Medical Oncology Unit....

[1]. Muscaritoli M, Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V, Barthelemy N, Bertz H, Et Al. ESPEN Practical Guideline: Clinical Nutrition In Cancer. Clinnutr (2021) 40 (5):2898–913. Doi : 10.1016/J.Clnu.2021.02.005
[2]. Cederholm , T.; Jensen, G.; Correia, M.; Gonzalez, MC; Fukushima, R.; Higashiguchi , T.; Baptista, G.; Barazzoni , R.; BlaauwR.; Coats, A.; Et Al. Criteria GLIM For THE Diagnostic Of Malnutrition—A Report Of Consensus Of There Global Community Of The Nutrition Clinical. Clin. Nutr.2018,38, 1–9 ..
[3]. Bossi P, Delrio P, Mascheroni A, Zanetti M. The Spectrum Of Malnutrition/ Cachexia / Sarcopenia In Oncology According To Different Cancer Types And Settings: HAS Narrative Review . Nutrients (2021) 13:1980. Doi : 10.3390/Nu13061980
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[5]. Arrieta O, De La Torre-Vallejo M, Ló Pez-Maćıas D, Orta D, Turcott J, Macedo- Pe ́ Rez EO, Et Al. Nutritional Status , Body Surface, And Low Lean Body Mass/Body Mass Index Are Related To Dose Reduction And Severe Gastrointestinal Toxicity Induced By Afatinib In Patients With Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist (2015) 20:967–74. Doi :
10.1634/Theoncologist.2015-0058

Abstract: Introduction: Pelvic fractures, particularly lateral compression type II and III fractures according to the Young-Burgess classification, present unique challenges in orthopedic management. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) are commonly employed surgical interventions for stabilizing and realigning these fractures. Aim of the study: This study aimed to analyze the complications after open reduction and internal fixation of young-burgess lateral compression type-II and III pelvic fractures....

Key Word: Open reduction and internal fixation, Gait, Pelvic fracture, Complications, Stability

[1] Chong, K.H., Coster, T.D., Osler, T. And Robinson, B., 2003. Pelvic Fractures And Mortality. The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal, 17, Pp.110-114.
[2] Van Vugt, A.B. And Van Kampen, A., 2006, An Unstable Pelvic Ring: The Killing Fracture, The Journal Of Bone And Joint Surgery, 88(4), Pp.427-433.
[3] Spanjersberg, W.R., Knops, S.P., Schep, N.W., Van Lieshout, E.M., Patka, P. And Schipper, I.B., 2009, Effectiveness And Complications Of Pelvic Circumferential Compression Devices In Patients With Unstable Pelvic Fractures: A Systematic Review Of Literature, Injury, 40(10), Pp.1031-1035.
[4] Gray A, Chandler H, Sabri O. Pelvic Ring Injuries: Classification And Treatment. Orthopedics And Trauma. 2018 Apr 1;32(2):80-90.]
[5] Bucholz RW. The Pathological Anatomy Of Malgaigne Fracture-Dislocations Of The Pelvis. JBJS. 1981 Mar 1;63(3):400-

Abstract: Introduction:Refractive errors are a very common problem for school-going children all over the world. In our country, a bulk of children are suffering from refractive error and its consequences. Proper attention to the matter is time-demanding. Aim of the study:This study aimed to assess the pattern of refractive errors in children of Dhaka city. Methods: This observational study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July.....

Key Word: Refractive error, Snellens chart, Myopia, Hypermetropia, Astigmatism

[1] Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global Estimates Of Visual Impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96(5):614-8.
[2] Dandona R, Dandona L. Refractive Error Blindness. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(3):237-43.
[3] Fricke TR, Holden BA, Wilson DA, Schlenther G, Naidoo KS, Resnikoff S, Et Al. The Global Cost Of Correcting Vision Impairment From Uncorrected Refractive Error. Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90(10):728-38.
[4] Santiago HC, Rullán M, Ortiz K, Rivera A, Nieves M, Piña J, Torres Z, Mercado Y. Prevalence Of Refractive Errors In Children Of Puerto Rico. International Journal Of Ophthalmology. 2023;16(3):434.
[5] Pizzarello L, Abiose A, Ffytche T, Duerksen R, Thulasiraj R, Taylor H, Faal H, Rao G, Kocur I, Resnikoff S. VISION 2020: The Right To Sight: A Global Initiative To Eliminate Avoidable Blindness. Archives Of Ophthalmology. 2004 Apr 1;122(4):615-20