iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2023

Abstract: Dental caries is a biofilm mediated multifactorial disease, which results in the demineralization and remineralisation of dental hard tissues. The disease occurs throughout the life both in dentitions(primary and permanent dentition). The initiation and progression of caries is influenced by pathological and protective factors.......

Keywords: Dental caries, Theories of dental caries, Postulates,Risk Assessment, Prevention

[1]. Selwitz RH, Ismail AI, Pitts NB. Dental Caries. Lancet. 2007 Jan 6;369(9555):51-9. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60031-2. PMID: 17208642.
[2]. Fejerskov O, Kidd EAM, Eds. Dental Caries: The Disease And Its Clinical Management. Copenhagen, Denmark. Blackwell Monksgaard, 2003.
[3]. Marsh P, Martin MV. Oral Microbiology. 4th Edn. Oxford: Wright, 1999.
[4]. Borrelli B, Tooley E M, Scott-Sheldon L A. Motivational Interviewing For Parent-Child Health Interventions: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Pediatr Dent 2015; 37: 254-265
[5]. Anjomshoaa I, Cooper ME And Vieira AR. Caries Is Associated With Asthma And Epilepsy. Eur. J. Dent. 2009;3:297303

Abstract: Introduction: Knee joint is the major weight-bearing joint in the human body that has the ability to endure day to day stress. However the incidence of Osteoarthritis of Knee and need for Knee Replacement is on rise in recent times and the Tibial morphometry plays a pivotal role in designing the prosthesis. Hence the comprehensive knowledge of the morphometry, regional and ethnic differences have significant role thus warranting the study of morphometric parameters of upper end of Tibia.......

Keywords: Tibia, medial condyle, lateral condyle, Intercondylar

[1]. Gray's Anatomy. The Anatomical Basis Of Clinical Practice. 41st Edition, Elsevier Churchil Livingstone. 2016;1396-99.
[2]. Kate BR And Robert SL. Some Observations On The Upper End Of The Tibia In Squatters. J Anatomy, London. 1965;99(1):137-141
[3]. Srivastava A, Yadav A, Thomas RJ, Gupta N. Morphometric Study Of Tibial Condylar Areain The North Indian Population. J. Med. Sci. Clin. Res. 2014;2:515-9.
[4]. Ugochukwu EG, Ugbem LP, Ijomone OM, Ebi OT. Estimation Of Maximum Tibia Lengthfrom Its Measured Anthropometric Parameters In Nigerian Population. Journal Of Forensicscience And Medicine 2016; 2 (4): 222-228.
[5]. Murlimanju BV, Purushothama C, Srivastava A, Kumar CG, Krishnamurthy A, Blossom V, Prabhu LV, Saralaya VV, Pai MM. Anatomical Morphometry Of The Tibial Plateau In South Indian Population. Italian Journal Of Anatomy And Embryology. 2016:258-64.

Abstract: Non-puerperal uterine inversion is an extremely rare medical and surgical emergency. It is more commonly described in obstetrics, exposing the mother to the risk of cataclysmic delivery haemorrhage. We report the case of a 48 year old patient presenting with acute 4th degree uterine inversion on a submucosal fundial myoma. Total interannexal hysterectomy was performed via a double approach: vaginal and laparoscopic. The laparoscopic approach enabled the diagnosis to be confirmed and the hysterectomy to be performed in complete safety..

Keywords: Uterine inversion, non-puerperal, hysterectomy, laparoscopy, case report

[1]. Haultain Fw. Abdominal Hysterotomy For Chronic Uterine Inversion. Proc R Soc Med. 1908;1(Obstet Gynaecol Sect):279-90. Pmid: 19973204; Pmcid: Pmc2046269.
[2]. Mihmanli V, Kilic F, Pul S, Kilinc A, Kilickaya A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Non-Puerperal Complete Uterine Inversion. Iran J Radiol. 2015 Aug 5;12(4):E9878. Doi: 10.5812/Iranjradiol.9878v2. Pmid: 26715983; Pmcid: Pmc4691525.
[3]. Teimoori B, Esmailzadeh A. A Large Uterine Leiomyoma Leading To Non-Puerperal Uterine Inversion: A Case Report. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2017 Jan;15(1):55-56. Pmid: 28280801; Pmcid: Pmc5340140.
[4]. Souza Kt, Negrão Mv, Da Silva Rocha Ls, Di Favero G, Da Costa Sc, Diz Mdel P. Immature Uterine Teratoma Associated With Uterine Inversion. Rare Tumors. 2014 Aug 12;6(3):5530. Doi: 10.4081/Rt.2014.5530. Pmid: 25276328; Pmcid: Pmc4178281
[5]. Song Yj, Yang J, Yun Hs, Lee Sk, Kim Hg, Lee Dh, Choi Oh, Na Yj. Non-Puerperal Uterine Inversion Presented With Hypovolemic Shock. J Menopausal Med. 2016 Dec;22(3):184-187. Doi: 10.6118/Jmm.2016.22.3.184. Epub 2016 Dec 31. Pmid: 28119900; Pmcid: Pmc5256363

Abstract: Background: Psychogeriatric disorders contribute to the loss of independence in our elderly population. It is valuable to gain an in depth understanding of the characteristics of the elderly population experiencing these disorders to improve screening, management, and anticipate follow up. The objective of our study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of elderly individuals attending the psychogeriatric consultation in Algiers.......

Keywords: elderly individuals consultation psychogeriatrics psycho behavioral disorders

[1]. Aging And Health [Internet]. Available From: Https://Www.Who.Int/En/News-Room/Fact-Sheets/Detail/Ageing-And-Health
[2]. Charazac P. Interest Of An Age Criterion In Geronto-Psychiatry. Inf Psychiatr. 2011; 87(6):456.
[3]. Rollet A. Care Criterion And Age Criterion In Psychiatry Of The Elderly Subject: Decryption. Npg Neurol - Psychiatr - Geriatrics. Fevr2014; 14(79):17 22.
[4]. Giordana Jy, Roelandt Jl, Porteaux C. Mental Health Of The Elderly: Prevalence And Representations Of Mental Disorders. The Brain. Janv2010; 36(3):59 64.
[5]. Andreas S, Schulz H, Volkert J, Dehoust M, Sehner S, Suling A, And Al. Prevalence Of Mental Disorders In Elderly People: The European Mentdis_Icf65+ Study. Br J Psychiatry J Ment Sci. 2017; 210(2):125-31.

Abstract: Background: In early onset schizophrenia, there exists a critical period, corresponding to the first five years of the illness, during which vulnerability to relapses and deficits associated with psychosis are highest. This risk appears to be primarily linked to medic ation non adherence. Current recommendations for therapeutic management of these conditions include antipsychotic medications as well as non pharmacological interventions, notably therapeutic education (TE) or psychoeducation. Within this context, we condu cted a research study with the objective of assessing the impact of a psychoeducational program on the two......

Keywords: Schizophrenia Therapeutic adherence Psychoeducation Relapse.

[1]. Gut-Fayand A. Therapeutic Education Of The Patient And Early Schizophrenia. Ann Med Psychol Xxx (2015) Xxx-Xxx.
[2]. Lieberman Et Al. Effectiveness Of Antipsychotic Drugs In Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia. New England J Med 2005, 22 ; 353(12):1209-23.
[3]. Eckman And Al. Technique For Training Schizophrenic Patients In Illness Self-Management: A Controlled Trial. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1992 ; 149(11):1549-55.
[4]. Marion-Veyron R, Medbouhi N, Baumann Ph And Al. The First Psychotic Episodes: The Importance Of Case Managementfirst Episode Psychosis And Case Management. Elsevier : Psychiatric Evolution 2013, Volume 78, Number 1: 41-51
[5]. Birchwood P Todd, C Jackson. Early Intervention In Psychosis. The Critical Period Hypothesis. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1998 ; 172(33):53-9

Abstract: Introduction: The prevalence of Aortic valve disease is rising in Bangladesh, making aortic valve replacement surgery as one of the most frequently performed surgeries. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate left ventricular mass reduction and left ventricular functional status after aortic valve replacement with different valve substitutes; metallic versus tissue valves. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University......

Keywords: early left ventricular hypertrophy regression, metallic valve, tissue valve

[1]. Nkomo Vt, Gardin Jm, Skelton Tn, Gottdiener Js, Scott Cg, Enriquez-Sarano M. Burden Of Valvular Heart Diseases: A Population-Based Study. The Lancet. 2006 Sep 16;368(9540):1005-11.
[2]. Rothenbühler M, O'sullivan Cj, Stortecky S, Stefanini Gg, Spitzer E, Estill J, Shrestha Nr, Keiser O, Jüni P, Pilgrim T. Active Surveillance For Rheumatic Heart Disease In Endemic Regions: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Prevalence Among Children And Adolescents. The Lancet Global Health. 2014 Dec 1;2(12):E717-26.
[3]. Aronow Ws, Kronzon I. Prevalence And Severity Of Valvular Aortic Stenosis Determined By Doppler Echocardiography And Its Association With Echocardiographic And Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy And Physical Signs Of Aortic Stenosis In Elderly Patients. The American Journal Of Cardiology. 1991 Apr 1;67(8):776-7.
[4]. Soler-Soler J, Galve E. Worldwide Perspective Of Valve Disease. Heart. 2000 Jun 1;83(6):721-5.
[5]. Sun Jc, Davidson Mj, Lamy A, Eikelboom Jw. Antithrombotic Management Of Patients With Prosthetic Heart Valves: Current Evidence And Future Trends. The Lancet. 2009 Aug 15;374(9689):565-76

Abstract: Pregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is an extremely rare and potentially serious obstetric situation, threatening the maternal-foetal prognosis. Pregnancy can occur accidentally in the rudimentary horn. This is a true extra uterine pregnancy with a risk of rupture during the second trimester of pregnancy, which is why it must be diagnosed and managed rapidly from the start of pregnancy. We report the case of a patient with an arrested pregnancy on a rudimentary horn managed laparoscopically.

Keywords: Rudimentary horn, Pregnancy, Laparoscopy, A case report.

[1]. Kuşcu, N. K., Laçin, S., Kartal, Ö., & Koyuncu, F. (2002). Rupture Of Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy At The 15th Week Of Gestation: A Case Report. European Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology And Reproductive Biology, 102(2), 209-210.
[2]. Heinonen PK. Unicornuate Uterus And Rudimentary Horn. Fertil Steril. 1997 Aug;68(2):224-30. Doi: 10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81506-3. PMID: 9240247.
[3]. Nahum GG. Rudimentary Uterine Horn Pregnancy. The 20th-Century Worldwide Experience Of 588 Cases. J Reprod Med. 2002 Feb;47(2):151-63. PMID: 11883355.
[4]. Nahum GG. Uterine Anomalies. How Common Are They, And What Is Their Distribution Among Subtypes? J Reprod Med. 1998 Oct;43(10):877-87. PMID: 9800671.
[5]. Ambusaidi Q, Jha C. Pregnancy In The Rudimentary Uterine Horn: Case Report Of An Unusual Presentation. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2014 Feb;14(1):E134-8. Doi: 10.12816/0003349. Epub 2014 Jan 27. PMID: 24516746; PMCID: PMC3916269

Abstract: Background: Thyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure performed for various thyroid disorders, ranging from benign nodules to malignant tumors. While thyroidectomy is generally considered safe and effective, it is not without potential complications. Understanding these complications is crucial for both healthcare providers and patients.This study aimed to comprehensively explore the complications associated with thyroidectomy. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of ENT and Head-Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Barishal, Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2021. As study subjects, a total of 89 patients who underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled using a purposive sampling technique. MS Office tools were utilized for data analysis........

Keywords: Thyroidectomy, Hypothyroidism, Hemi-thyroidectomy, Anterior neck swelling, Chronic thyrotoxic myopathy

[1] Ravikumar S, Vasantha We. A Study Of Incidence Of Complications In Thyroid Surgery. Indian J Applied Res. 2018; 8(9).
[2] Veetil P, Panchangam R. Does Goitre Size And Delayed Surgical Intervention Adversely Affect Surgical Outcome? A Multi-Centric Experience On Thyroidectomy. Formos J Surg. 2021; 54(6):219. Doi:10.4103/Fjs.Fjs_223_20
[3] Suga Y, Abebe E. Patterns Of Surgically Treated Thyroid Disease… Patterns Of Surgically Treated Thyroid Disease: A Two Years Review At St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian J Health Sci. 2020; 30(1):31. Doi10.4314/ Ejhs.V30i1.5
[4] Abebe B, Mensur O. Goiter In A Teaching Hospital In North Western Ethiopia. East Afr J Surg 2006 Dec; 11(2):21-27.
[5] Shah Jp. Thyroid And Parathyroids. Shah, Jp, Editor. Head And Neck Surgery. New York: Mosby-Wolfe; 1996. P. 393-429.

Abstract: Background: Thalassemia, a hereditary blood disorder, poses a significant health challenge globally. Early detection of carrier status and awareness about preventive measures are crucial in minimizing its prevalence. Participants' interest in knowing the severity of the disease and assessing their risk of getting the disorder may imply the health belief model as a possible means of predicting thalassemia public screening services. Objective of the study: The aim of this research article isto investigate the level of thalassemia knowledge among secondary school educators and explores the potential implications for prevention strategies........

Keywords: Thalassemia, Awareness, Prevention, Secondary School Educators, Carrier Status, Genetic Disorders, Hemoglobin, Education Intervention

[1]. Higgs Dr, Engel Jd, Stamatoyannopoulos G. Thalassemia. The Lancet 2012;379: 373-83.
[2]. Lucarelli G, Galimberti M, Polichi P, Magro S, Puzzonia P, Consarino C, Et Al. Bone Marrow Transplantation In Patients With Thalassaemia. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:417-21.
[3]. Gruchy, De. Disorders Of Haemoglobin Structure And Synthesis. In: Farkin F, Chesterman C, Penington D, Rush B, Eds. Clinical Haematology In Medical Practice. Fifth Edition. Berlin: Blackwell Science 2002;137-151.
[4]. Olivieri Nf, Weatherall Dj. Thalassemias. In: Lilleyman Js, Hann Im, Eds. Paediatric Haematology. 2nd Edition. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1999;307-27.
[5]. Rund D, Eliezer R. Thalassemia (Review Article). N Eng J Med 2005;353(11):1135-46.

Abstract: To report an unusual case of pigment dispersion syndrome associated with unilateral pigmentation of the posterior lens capsule and intraoperative surprises during phacoemulsification. To increase the awareness among learners the importance of findings and to brace oneself for performance on table to give the patient the best outcome possible.

[1]. Shields MB, Editor. Textbook Of Glaucoma. 4th Ed. William And Wilkins Co., 1998:241–251.
[2]. Wolff's E. Anatomy Of The Eye And Orbit. 7th Ed. Philadelphia And Toronto: W. B. Saunders Company; 1977. P. 175–6.
[3]. Scheie HG, Fleischhauer HW. Idiopathic Atrophy Of The Epithelial Layers Of The Iris And Ciliary Body. Arch Ophthalmol. 1958;59:216–28.
[4]. Zentmayer W. Association Of An Annular Band Of Pigment On The Posterior Capsule Of The Lens With A Krukenberg Spindle. Arch Ophth. 1938;20:52–7.
[5]. Nagarajaiah S, Shun-Shin GA. Pigment Deposition On The Central Aspect Of The Posterior Lens Capsule In Pigmentary Dispersion. Digit J Ophthalmol. 2011;17:69–71

Abstract: In long-span fixed partial denture restoration, mainly in case of pier abutment, a non-rigid connector which act as a stress breaker is indicated. The Non-rigid connector can be of dovetail , loop connector, split pontic, cross-pin and wing. A split pontic is an attachment placed entirely inside the pontic, particularly indicated in the tilted abutment case, to prevent the box preparation of the distal pier abutment. This case report presents the use of a split pontic as a non-rigid connector, in combination with a dovetail attachment, to provide a reliable and long-lasting restoration for pier abutment cases. This design not only prevents the pier abutment from acting as a fulcrum but also provides better aesthetic outcomes with minimal tooth reduction. It minimizes mesiodistal torquing of the abutment teeth, allowing individual tooth movement........

Keywords: pier abutment, stress breaker, split pontic, non-rigid connector

[1]. Fernandes Fll., Chaware Sh., Sachdev Vr., Sharma Mr. Precision (Tenon-Mortise) Attachment For Pier Abutment - A Case Report. Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences 2017; 16(10): 88-91.
[2]. Shillingburg Ht Et Al. Fundamental Of Fixed Prosthodontics. 4th Ed. Chicago: Quintessense; P. 213-7
[3]. Glossary Of Prosthodontic Term. 9th Ed. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117: 50.
[4]. Venkataraman K., Krishna R. The Lone Standing Abutment: A Case Report. International Journal Of Applied Dental Sciences 2016; 2(1): 20-3.
[5]. Pandey P., Mantri Ss., Deograde S., Gupta P., Galav A. Two Part Fpd: Breaking Stress Around Pier Abutment. Iosr Jounal Of Dental And Medical Sciences 2015; 14(6): 68-71.