iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2023

Abstract: Objective: To study about the various clinical and biochemical presentation and the lipid profile abnormalities and correlation of lipid profile with the severity of chronic liver disease. Methodology:100 chronic liver disease patients was monitored during the entire hospital stay. In this research, individuals with chronic liver disease had their total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels measured. Results: Most common clinical presentation was ascites which was seen in 82% of patients followed by edema in 52%, jaundice in 55%, fever in 45%, UGI bleeding in 23%, Hepatic encephalopathy in 36%, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in 17% of......

Key words: Chronic liver disease, Ascites, Jaundice, Lipid Profile

[1]. Ashraf S, Naeem S. Frequency Of Hypersplenism In Chronic Liver Disease Patients Presenting With Pancytopenia. Annals Of King Edward Medical University. 2010;16(1 SI).
[2]. Mccormick PA. Sherlock's Disease Of Liver And Biliary System Textbook. Hepatic Cirrhosis. In: Dooley JS, Lok AS, Burroghs AK, Heathcote EJ, Editors. 12th Ed.Ch. 7. UK:Wiley-Blackwell, A John Wileyand Sons, Ltd.; 2011. P.103-8.
[3]. Schuppan.D And Afdhal.N.H, "Liver Cirrhosis", The Lancet, Vol. 371, No.9615, Pp. 838-851,2008.
[4]. Poynard T, Bedossa P, Opolon P. Natural History Of Liver Fibrosis Progression In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C. The OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR, AND DOSVIRC Groups. Lancet 1997; 349;825-32.
[5]. Bellentani S, Pozzato G, Saccocio G, Crovatto M, Croce M, Mazzoran L Et Al. Clinical Course And Risk Factors Of Hepatitis C Virus Related Liver Disease In The General Population: Reort From The Dionysos Study. Gut 1999; 44:874-80.

Abstract: Background: The three types of cone systems and variable ratios of stimulation in response to various wavelengths are what allow humans to experience hundreds of different hues of color. Men and women may view the look of color differently from a perceptual and cognitive standpoint. In order to compare and evaluate the color vision of male and female medical students, this study was designed. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam. 93 healthy medical.....

Key Word: color perception, myopes, FM 100-hue test, gender variation

[1]. Colour NK. The Visible Spectrum; 2019 Encyclopaedia Britannica [Internet]. Available From:
Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Science/Color/The-Visible-Spectrum.
[2]. Visible Light. University (Corporation) For Atmospheric Research Center For Science Education [Internet]; 2018. Available From: Scied.Ucar.Edu. Available From: Https://Scied.Ucar.Edu/Learning-Zone/Atmosphere/Visible-Light.
[3]. Purves D. Neuroscience. 6th Ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2018.
[4]. National Eye Institute. Color Blindness. National Eye Institute [Internet]. National Eye Institute; 2019. Nih.Gov. Available From: Https://Www.Nei.Nih.Gov/Learn-About-Eye-Health/Eye-Conditions-And-Diseases/Color-Blindness.
[5]. Mollon JD. Color Blindness. In: Backhus WG, Kliegl R, Werner JS, Editors. Text Book Of Color Vision. Berlin: De Gruyter; 1998.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the translucency of three different zirconia ceramics with lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, in two different thicknesses. Setting and Design: Experimental study design. Material and Methods: 10mm × 10mm size 16 specimens with 0.5mm and 1mm thicknesses were made from 3 different zirconia (ceramill zolid fx SHT, VITA YZ HT, and UPCERA HT) and lithium disilicate, (IPS e.max Press HT). CIE L*a*b* values were measured with the help of a spectrophotometer and the translucency parameter (TP) was calculated.......

Keywords: Translucent zirconia, Translucency Parameter, Lithium disilicate, Spectrophotometer

[1]. Kelly JR, Benetti P. Ceramic Materials In Dentistry: Historical Evolution And Current Practice. Aust Dent J 2011;56:84-96.
[2]. Kelly JR, Nishimura I, Campbell SD. Ceramics In Dentistry: Historical Roots And Current Perspectives. J Prosthet Dent 1996;75:18- 32.
[3]. Raptis NV, Michalakis KX, Hirayama H. Optical Behavior Of Current Ceramic Systems. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent
2006;26:31-41.
[4]. Harianawala HH, Kheur MG, Apte SK, Kale BB, Sethi TS, Kheur SM. Comparative Analysis Of Transmittance For Different Types
Of Commercially Available Zirconia And Lithium Disilicate Materials. J Adv Prosthodont 2014;6:456-461.
[5]. Aboushelib MN, Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ. Evaluation Of A High Fracture Toughness Composite Ceramic For Dental Applications. J Prosthodont 2008;17:538-544.

Abstract: The goal of dental implant rehabilitation is to bring the patient's dentition to proper aesthetics, form, and function. This is best achieved when the clinician can visualise and make mental judgement of the same with the recent introduction of new 3D diagnostic and treatment planning modalities in implant dentistry, accurate planning as well as precise placement of implants that are restoratively driven can be achieved. With A variety of different software and associated surgical instrumentation available, dental implant diagnosis and treatment has become more simplified. This development has created an interdisciplinary environment in which better communication.......

Keywords: CT based 3-D implant planning, rehabilitation, predictability, guides, minimally invasive

[1]. Oral Implant Treatment Planning In A Virtual Reality Environment Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 1998 Aug-Sep;57(1-2):95-
103
[2]. Computer-Assisted Planning Of Oral Implant Surgery. An Approach Using Virtual Reality Stud Health Technol Inform.
1996;29:423-34.
[3]. Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional Surgical Planning And Simulation:3d Virtual Osteotomy
[4]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Feb;29(1):11-7
[5]. Virtual Treatment Planning For Success April 2015dentistry Today 34(4).

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus refers to disorders that have a common abnormality of raised blood glucose levels. Diabetes is classified into type 1 (autoimmune beta-cell destruction and absolute insulin deficiency ) and type 2 (relative insulin deficiency and resistance(1) The patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus have a long asymptomatic period of hyperglycemia before the diagnosis can be made, whereas patients of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus present with a short duration of hyperglycemia(1)......

[1]. Lim AK. Diabetic Nephropathy – Complications And Treatment. Int J Nephrol Renov Dis. 2014 Oct 15;7:361–81.
[2]. IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th Edition 2019 [Internet]. [Cited 2020 Dec 27]. Available From: Https://Www.Diabetesatlas.Org/En/
[3]. Ritz E. Nephropathy In Type 2 Diabetes. J Intern Med. 1999;245(2):111–26.
[4]. Parving HH, Gall MA, Skøtt P, Jørgensen HE, Løkkegaard H, Jørgensen F, Et Al. Prevalence Causes Of Albuminuria In Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients. Kidney Int. 1992 Apr;41(4):758– 62.
[5]. Molitch ME, Defronzo RA, Franz MJ, Keane WF, Mogensen CE, Parving H-H, Et Al. Nephropathy In Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004 Jan;27 Suppl 1:S79-83.

Abstract: Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disease characterised by the inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, with or without nasal polyps. Even after undergoing FESS inflammatory processes continue to play a significant role in chronic rhinosinusitis patients and hence the use of topical medical therapy plays a very important role. Materials and Methods: 60 Post-FESS patients who were operated for (CRS) were included in this study and were divided.......

Keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; budesonide; FESS; nasal douching

[1]. Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Mullol J, Bachert C, Alobid I, Baroody F Et Al.European Position Paper On Rhinosinusitis And Nasal Polyps 2012.Rhinol Suppl 2012;23:1–298
[2]. Snidvongs K, Thanaviratananich S. Update On Intranasal Medications In Rhinosinusitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017;17:47–59.
[3]. Patel ZM, Thamboo A, Rudmik L, Nayak J, Smith T, Hwang PH. Surgical Therapy Vs Continued Medical Therapy For Medically Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016;1:110.
[4]. Lund VJ, Holmstrom M, Scadding GK. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery In The Management Of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. An Objective Assessment. J Laryngolotol 1991;105:832–45.
[5]. Subramanian HN, Schechtman KB, Hamilos DL. A Retrospective Analysis Of Treatment Outcomes And Time To Relapse After Intensive Medical Treatment For Chronic Sinusitis. Amj Rhinol 2002;16:303–12.

Abstract: Background: A comparative evaluation of the functional outcome of patients with peri-trochanteric fractures treated with short versus long proximal femoral nail. Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted of patients with peri-trochanteric fractures treated between August 2020 and March 2022. In all 110 patients were enrolled in the study, of which 58 were treated with short PFN and 52 were treated with long PFN. During follow-up, comparative analyses of demographic, and......

Keywords: Peri-trochanteric fractures, Proximal Femoral Nail, Short, Long, Intramedullary fixation, Harris Hip Score.

[1]. Cornwall R, Gilbert MS, Koval KJ, Strauss E, Siu AL. Functional Outcomes And Mortality Vary Among Different Types Of Hip Fractures: A Function Of Patient Characteristics. Clinical Orthopaedics And Related Research. 2004 Aug(425):64.
[2]. Cumming RG, Nevitt MC, Cummings SR. Epidemiology Of Hip Fractures. Epidemiologic Reviews. 1997 Jan 1;19(2):244-57.
[3]. Boldin C, Seibert FJ, Fankhauser F, Peicha G, Grechenig W, Szyszkowitz R. The Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)-A Minimal Invasive Treatment Of Unstable Proximal Femoral Fractures: A Prospective Study Of 55 Patients With A Follow-Up Of 15 Months. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. 2003 Jan 1;74(1):53-8.
[4]. Xu YZ, Geng DC, Mao HQ, Zhu XS, Yang HL. A Comparison Of The Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation Device And Dynamic Hip Screw In The Treatment Of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fracture. Journal Of International Medical Research. 2010 Aug;38(4):1266-75.
[5]. Shen L, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Cui Z. Antirotation Proximal Femoral Nail Versus Dynamic Hip Screw For Intertrochanteric Fractures: A

Abstract: Background: The scrotum is a cutaneous sac located under the penis containing both testis, the epididymis, and the spermatic cord. All patients with Scrotal pain must be carefully evaluated with a complete clinical history and physical examination. Certain testicular swellings are difficult to diagnose with certainity, based solely on clinical examination because clinical signs/symptoms (pain, swelling and scrotal mass) are usually overlapping. Gray scale ultrasonography superimposed with Doppler is an advancement in imaging, and it provides simultaneous display of tissue morphology in gray scale, blood flow direction and flow characteristics. Materials and Methods.......

Keywords: Scrotal pain, Scrotal swelling, Ultrasonography-Scrotum

[1]. Patil DV, Shetty DSC. Role Of Ultrasound And Colour Doppler In Scrotal Pain. 2012;3(12):6.
[2]. Woodward PJ, Schwab CM, Sesterhenn IA. From The Archives Of The AFIP: Extratesticular Scrotal Masses: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiogr Rev Publ Radiol Soc N Am Inc. 2003 Feb;23(1):215–40.
[3]. Gordhan CG, Sadeghi-Nejad H. Scrotal Pain: Evaluation And Management. Korean J Urol. 2015 Jan;56(1):3–11.
[4]. Patiala B. Role Of Color Doppler In Scrotal Lesions. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2009 Aug;19(3):187–90.
[5]. Patil V, Shetty SMC, Das S. Common And Uncommon Presentation Of Fluid Within The Scrotal Spaces. Ultrasound Int Open. 2015 Nov;1(2):E34–40.

Abstract: Background: The amniotic fluid is the fluid that collects within the amniotic cavity surrounding the embryo. Oligohydraminos is the condition with reduced amniotic fluid. The theory is the reduced perfusion of the placenta causes hypovolemia, and automatic redistribution of fetal blood volume to vital organs resulting in reduced blood supply to kidneys leading to reduced production of urine. Oligohydramnios is a frequent complication of pregnancy that is found to be associated with a bad perinatal outcome and it affects the mode of delivery or requires interventions.......

[1]. Rabie N , Magann E , Steelman S Et Al. Oligohydramnios In Complicated And Uncomplicated Pregnancy: A Systematic Review And
Meta Analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . 2017;49(4):442 449.
[2]. Magann EF , Bass JD , Chauhan SP Et Al. Amniotic Fluid Volume In Normal Singleton Pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol . 1997;90(4 Pt
1):524 528.
[3]. Williams Obstetrics 2014 ( American College Of Obstetrician And Gynaeco logist 2012.
[4]. Brace RA , Resnik R . Dynamics And Disorders Of Amniotic Fluid. In : Creasy RK , Resnik R (Editors) M aternal Fetal Medicine, 4th
Ed. 1999:632 643.
[5]. Maria L . And Elizabeth L , Oligohydramnios At Term : A Case Report . J Midwifery Women's Health . 2007;52(1): 73 76..

Abstract: Patients suffering from ESRD (End-stage renal disease) have reduced renal function, which alters the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. These changes often lead to SHPT (secondary hyperparathyroidism), which is characterized by elevated levels of PTH and is often associated with hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands (Cunningham, et al. 2011; Goodman and Quarles 2008; Joy, et al. 2007; Ruda, et al. 2004). This chronic and progressive disease develops early in the course of CKD, worsens with reduced renal function, and affects most patients with CKD at an advanced stage. Etelcalcetide is the only calcimimetic therapy.......

Keywords: hemodialysis patients; secondary hyperparathyroidism; Parsabiv (etelcalcetide)

[1]. Doc. Sv. Staikova Ph. - Diagnosis And Treatment Of Mineral And Bone Disorders In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease On Conservative And Dialysis Treatment - Dissertation 2018
[2]. Amgen. Overall Clinical Event Rates. Data On File. 2016.
[3]. Amgen. Event Based Average Persistence Evolve. Data On File. 2016.
[4]. Alexander Et Al. 2015 S.T. Alexander, T. Hunter, S. Walter, J. Dong, D. Maclean, A. Baruch, R. Subramanian, J.E. Tomlinsoncritical Cysteine Residues In Both The Calcium-Sensing Receptor And The Allosteric Activator Amg 416 Underlie The Mechanism Of Action Mol. Pharmacol., 88 (2015), Pp. 853-865, 10.1124/Mol.115.098392
[5]. Behets Et Al., 2015 G.J. Behets, G. Spasovski, L.R. Sterling, W.G. Goodman, D.M. Spiegel, M.E. De Broe, P.C. D'haesebone Histomorphometry Before And After Long-Term Treatment With Cinacalcet In Dialysis Patients With Secondary
Hyperparathyroidism Kidney Int., 87 (2015), Pp. 846-856, 10.1038/Ki.2014.349

Abstract: Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a malignant and aggressive disease of the bone marrow characterized by uncontrolled growth of early lymphoid precursor cells, which gradually replace the normal cells that make up the hematopoietic system in the marrow. ALL is the most common type of cancer in children. Bilateral Nephromegaly and swelling of the cheekbone is a rare initial presentation of ALL Case Presentation: We describe a 13-year-old......

Keywords: Renal, bone, leukemia

[1]. Terzah M Horton, MD, Phdc Philip Steuber, Mdjon C Aster, MD, Phd. (2022 Overview Of The Clinical Presentation And Diagnosis Of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma In Children. Uptodate. Retrieved March, 2, 2023, From Https://Www.Uptodate.Com/Contents/Overview-Of-The-Clinical-Presentation-And-Diagnosis-Of-Acute-Lymphoblastic-Leukemia-Lymphoma-In-Children?Search=B%20all&Source=Search_Result&Selectedtitle=1~150&Usage_Type=Default&Display_Rank=1#H1730647161.
[2]. Clarke RT, Van Den Bruel A, Bankhead C, Et Al. Clinical Presentation Of Childhood Leukaemia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Arch Dis Child 2016;101:894-901.
[3]. Maman E, Steinberg DM, Stark B, Izraeli S, Wientroub S. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia In Children: Correlation Of Musculoskeletal Manifestations And Immunophenotypes. J Child Orthop. 2007;1:63–68.Bharti AR, Nally JE, Ricaldi JN. Leptospirosis: A Zoonotic Disease Of Global Importance. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003; 3: 757-771.
[4]. 15. Frisch BJ, Ashton JM, Xing L, Becker MW, Jordan CT, Calvi LM. Functional Inhibition Of Osteoblastic Cells In An In Vivo Mouse Model Of Myeloid Leukemia. Blood. 2012;119:540–550.
[5]. Kittivisuit, S., Sripornsawan, P., Songthawee, N. Et Al. Musculoskeletal Involvement In Childhood Leukemia: Characteristics And Survival Outcomes. Pediatr Rheumatol 20, 34 (2022). Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12969-022-00692-9

Abstract: Vitamin B12 deficiency, whether due to intake or malabsorption, mainly manifests itself as macrocytic anemia with the presence of bone marrow megaloblasts. Clinical signs other than those induced by anemia may be associated, including glossitis and neurological disorders. The severity of this deficiency depends on these neurological manifestations. They are polymorphous, ranging from the typical picture of combined sclerosis of the spinal cord to sensory neuropathy, optic neuropathy, damage to the cranial pairs, cognitive disorders and even dysautonomia. Diagnosing and managing these disorders has a major impact on subsequent prognosis. In this mini-review, we will present the neurological picture of this deficiency, detailing its diagnosis and therapeutic management.

Keywords: Vitamin B12, neurological aspects, diagnosis, management

[1]. Lemoine, A. (1998). Vitamines Dans La Pratique Clinique De Tous Les Jours. Encyclopédie Médico Chirurgicale (EMC) ARKOS Traité De Médecine.
[2]. Mitchell, ES., Conus, N., Kaput, JB. (2014). B Vitamin Polymorphisms And Behavior: Evidence Of Associations With Neurodevelopment, Depression, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder And Cognitive Decline. Neurosci Biobehav Rev; 27:307—20.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Neubiorev.2014.08.006
[3]. Smith, AD., Warren, MJ., Refsum, H. (2018).Vitamin B12. Adv Food Nutr Res.83:215-279. Https://Doi.Org/
10.1016/Bs.Afnr.2017.11.005.
[4]. Den Elzen, WP., Van Der Weele, GM., Gussekloo, J., Westendorp, RG., Assendelft, WJ. (2010). Subnormal Vitamin B12 Concentrations And Anaemia In Older People: A Systematic Review. BMC Geriatr.10:42. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-10-42.
[5]. Schlienger, J.-L. (2020). Vitamines Hydrosolubles : Vitamines B. Encyclopédie Médico Chirurgicale (EMC). Https://Doi.Org/
10.1016/S1155-1941(20)43386-4