iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2023

Abstract: Background: Spine injury is nowadays a common injury because of increased incidence of road traffic accidents. this is a prospective study in which segmental spinal anaesthesia was given as an alternative to general anesthesia for thoracic & lumbar spinal surgeries, considering the pros and cons of both the induction methods. Materials and Methods: This is a case series of 18 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, undergoing lower thoracic or lumbar spine surgery involving one or subsequent two spine segment, under segmental spinal anaesthesia using combination of hyperbaric bupivacaine and isobaric ropivacaine sequentially in the same intrathecal space.....

Key words: Anaesthesia, Spinal anesthesia, Thoracic & Lumbar spine

[1]. Edgcombe H., Carter K., Yarrow S. Anaesthesia In The Prone Position. Br J Anaesth. 2008 Feb;100(2):165–183. Doi: 10.1093/Bja/Aem380. [
[2]. Sekerak R, Mostafa E, Morris MT, Nessim A, Vira A, Sharan A. Comparative Outcome Analysis Of Spinal Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia In Lumbar Fusion Surgery. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020 Nov 27;13:122-126. Doi: 10.1016/J.Jcot.2020.11.017. PMID: 33680810; PMCID: PMC7919949.
[3]. Pierce JT, Kositratna G, Attiah MA, Kallan MJ, Koenigsberg R, Syre P, Wyler D, Marcotte PJ, Kofke WA, Welch WC. Efficiency Of Spinal Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia For Lumbar Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis Of 544 Patients. Local Reg Anesth. 2017 Oct 10;10:91-98. Doi: 10.2147/LRA.S141233. PMID: 29066932; PMCID: PMC5644537.
[4]. Van Gesson EF, Forster A, Schweizer A, Gamulio Z. Comparison Of Hypobaric, Hyperbaric And Isobaric Solutions Of Bupivacaine During Continuous Spinal Anesthesia. An&H Analg 1991;72:779-84.
[5]. Zorrilla-Vaca, Andres Bsc*,†; Healy, Ryan J. Bsc*; Mirski, Marek A. MD, Phd*. A Comparison Of Regional Versus General Anesthesia For Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Studies. Journal Of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 29(4):P 415-425, October 2017. | DOI: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000362

Abstract: In the modern world, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a global health problem.1 World Health Organization (WHO) defines diabetes mellitus (DM) as a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads to damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Four hundred twenty-two million people suffering from it, and its incidence is rapidly rising in the middle- and low-income countries.2 There is a globally aimed to halt the rise in diabetes by 2025.2 The hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in diabetes causes endothelial and pericyte injury, making it a prothrombotic state.....

[1]. Beckman JA, Creager MA, Libby P. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. JAMA 2002;287:257081.
[2]. World Health Organization (WHO) Diabetes - WHO Fact sheet Updated 30 October 2018 available at: https://www.who.int/news- room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes.
[3]. Ferroni P, Basili S, Falco A, Davì G. Platelet activation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2:1282–91.
[4]. Chu SG, Becker RC, Berger PB, Bhatt DL, Eikelboom JW,Konkle B, et al. Mean platelet volume as a predictor of cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSJ Thromb Haemost 2010;8(1):148-56.
[5]. Endler G, Klimesch A, Sunder-Plassmann H, Schillinger M,Exner M, Mannhalter C, et al. Mean platelet volume is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction but not for coronary artery disease. Br J Haematol 2002;117:399–404

Abstract: Objective: To determine the association between household food security and infant complementary feeding practices in rural Bangladesh. Methods: Prospective, cohort study using structured home interviews during pregnancy and 3 and 9 months after delivery. We used two indicators of household food security at 3-months' follow-up: maternal Food Composition Score (FCS), calculated via the World Food Programme method, and an HHFS index created from an eleven-item food security questionnaire...

Key words: Household Food Security, Maternal Diet, Infant Feeding, Bangladesh.

[1]. Sawadogo PS, Martin-Prevel Y, Savy M, Kameli Y, Traissac P, Traore AS, Delpeuch F. An Infant And Child Feeding Index Is Associated With The Nutritional Status Of 6- To 23-Month-Old Children In Rural Burkina Faso. J Nutr 2006; 136:656–63.
[2]. Ruel MT, Menon P. Child Feeding Practices Are Associated With Child Nutritional Status In Latin America: Innovative Uses Of The Demographic And Health Surveys. J Nutr 2002; 132:1180–7.
[3]. Tetens I, Hels O, Khan NI, Thilsted SH, Hassan N. Rice-Based Diets In Rural Bangladesh: How Do Different Age And Sex Groups Adapt To Seasonal Changes In Energy Intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78:406– 13.
[4]. Frongillo EA, Nanama S. Development And Validation Of An Experience-Based Measure Of Household Food Insecurity Within And Across Seasons In Northern Burkina Faso. J Nutr 2006;136: S1409–19.
[5]. Cai X, Wardlaw T & Brown DW (2012) Global Trends In Exclusive Breastfeeding. Int Breastfeed J 7, 12

Abstract: Background : Vaccination reluctance is a major threat to public health. It has been widely studied in developed countries, but much less so in DR Congo. This study aims to ananlyze contextual determinants in order to identify predictors associated with vaccine dropout among children aged 12 to 23 months in Kisangani. Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from October 25, 2022 to February 18, 2023 among mothers of 336 children aged 12 to 23 months in Kisangani. A pre-tested and administered questionnaire was.....

Key words: Immunization, vaccine, vaccine hesitancy, early childhood, Kisangani

[1]. Who. Ten Threats To Global Bealth In 2019. [Accessed November 14, 2022]. Available From : Https://Www.Who.Int/Emergencies/Ten-To-Global-Health-In2019.
[2]. Dubé E, Vivion M, Macdonald Ne. Vaccine Hesitancy, Vaccine Refusal And The Anti-Vaccine Movement : Influence, Impact And Implications. Expert Rev Vaccins. 2015 ; 14 : 99–117.
[3]. Oms Et Unicef. Vaccines And Vaccinations. Accessed December 17, 2022.Url : Https://Www.Who.Int/Fr/News/Item/Covid-19-Pandemic-Leads-To-Major-Backsli
[4]. Nguefack F, Ngwanou Dh, Chiabi A, Mah E, Wafeu G, Mengnjo M Et Al. Determinants And Reasons For Not Fully Vaccinating Children Hospitalized In Two Pediatric Reference Hospitals In Yaounde.Health Sci. Dis. April – May – June 2018 ; 19 (2) : 81 – 88

Abstract: Background: Colonic diseases, including polyps, impose a substantial health burden, impacting millions annually. Colonic polyps, although less common in children, require early detection due to potential complications, including malignancy. This study aimed to investigate pediatric colonic biopsies, their clinical presentation, and histopathological findings, shedding light on the prevalence of juvenile polyps and Hirschsprung disease in this population. Materials and Methods: A one...

Key words: Colonoscopic biopsies; Pediatric; Histopathology; Polyps; Hirschsprung disease

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[4]. Wang Y, Fang L, Huang K, Pan T, Lu H, Yan X. Characteristics And Risk Factors For Colorectal Polyps Among Children In An Urban Area Of Wenzhou, China: A Retrospective Case Control Study. BMC Pediatr. 2023 Aug 19;23(1):408.)
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