iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2024

Abstract: Summary Introduction : Granulomatous mastitis is an inflammatory disease often erroneously considered as breast abscess, which is relatively rare, with few cases reported in the literature, mostly in the form of case reports. Materials and Methods : In this article, we report six cases of granulomatous mastitis occurring during pregnancy, where different management approaches were applied. Clinical symptoms were dominated by swelling and pain, ultrasound was the main investigation, anatomopathological diagnosis was confirmed in 4 out of 6 cases, and the main therapeutic management was primarily surgical drainage. Discussion : We conducted a literature review by using the databases pubmed, Google Scholar, clinicalkey, and EMC. This review allowed us to gain a better understanding of this condition, compare cases, and come to conclusions..........

Key Word: Mastitis, breast abscess, granulomatous mastitis, tuberculous mastitis, sarcoïdose

[1]. Kessler, E., And Wolloch, Y. : Granulomatous Mastitis: A Lesion Clinically Simulating Carcinoma. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 58 : 642-646, 1972
[2]. A Fletcher, Im Magrath, Rh Riddell, Ic Talbot : 1982.
[3]. Calis H, Karabeyoglu Sm. Follow-Up Of Granulomatous Mastitis With Monitoring Versus Surgery. Breast Dis. 2017
[4]. Ozturk M, Mavili E, Kahriman G, Akcan Ac, Ozturk F. Granulomatous Mastitis: Radiological Findings. Acta Radiol. 2007 23. Yildiz S, Aralasmak A, Kadioglu H, Toprak H, Yetis H, Gucin Z, Et Al. Radiologic Findings Of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis. Med Ultrason. 2015
[5]. Cakir B, Tuncbilek N, Karakas Hm, Et Al. Granulomatous Mastitis Mimicking Breast Carcinoma. Breast J 2002; 7] Van Ongeval C, Schraepen T, Van Steen A, Et Al. Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis. Eur Radiol 1997;7:1010–2

Abstract: Background: One of the main duties of a welfare state is to provide well developed, integrated and effective health services to the masses. Three hierarchies are observed in the health infrastructure of a developing country like India, with the Sub Center at the primary level. These centers follow the IPHS guidelines on function manpower infrastructure requirements. The main objective of the present study is to make a detailed assessment of sub centers of Dakshin Dinajpur district as per IPHS guideline Methods: To complete........

Keywords: SC(Sub-Centre),HWC(Health and Wellness centre),IPHS(Indian Public Health Standard),Health infrastructure

[1]. Central Bureau Of Health Intelligence, Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare, Government Of India. National Health Profile 2020.
[2]. Directorate General Of Health Services. Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare, Government Of India. Indian Public Health Standards (Iphs) Guideline For Sub-Centres Revised 2012,
[3]. Jain S, Singh J, Bhatnagar M, Garg S, Chopra H, Bajpai S, Evaluation Of Physical Facilities Available At Scs In District Meerut. Indian J Community Med 1999; 24: 27-9
[4]. Ministry Of Health And Family Welfare, Government Of India. Rural Health Statistics 2019-20.
[5]. Nair Vm, Thankappan Kr, Vasan Rs, Sarma Ps. Community Health Utilization Of Scs In Primary Health Care- An Analysis Of Determinants In Kerela. Indian Journal Of Public Health. 2004;8(1).

Abstract: Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a benign and self-limiting systemic disorder, involving lymph nodes with clinical manifestations of mild fever, superficial lymphadenopathy and rash among others. It is commonly known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) as first reported in Japan by Kikuchi [1] and Fujimoto [2] in 1972.......

[1]. Kikuchi M. Lymphadenitis Showing Focal Reticulum Cell Hyperplasia. Nippon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi. 1972;35:378–80.
[2]. Fujimoto Y, Kozima Y, Yamaguchi K. Cervical Subacute Necrotizing Lymphadenitis. A New Clinicopathological Agent. Naika. 1972;20:920–7.
[3]. Chiu Cf, Chow Kc, Lin Ty, Et Al.: Virus Infection In Patients With Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis In Taiwan. Detection Of Epstein-Barr Virus, Type I Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus, And Parvovirus B19. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000;113(6):774–81. 10.1309/1a6y-Yckp-5avf-Qtyr
[4]. Mohan A, Reddy Mk, Phaneendra Bv, Chandra A. Aetiology Of Peripheral Lymphadenopathy In Adults: Analysis Of 1724 Cases Seen At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Southern India. Natl Med J India. 2007;20:78–80.
[5]. Dorfman Rf, Barry Gj. Lymphadenitis: An Analysis Of 10% Of Cases With Emphasis On Differential Diagnosis. Semin Diagn Pathol 1988;8: 329–45

Abstract: WHO defines Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as all activities which provide an optimal social, physical, and mental environment to a patient who is suffering from a cardiac condition to improve his/her maximal functional capacity in society.1 Heart disease consists of all type of cardiac condition which includes coronary artery diseases and disturbances in the mechanical and or electrical function of the heart.2 The benefits of cardiac....

[1]. Brown R. A. (1964). Rehabilitation Of Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases. Report Of A Who Expert Committee. World Health Organization Technical Report Series, 270, 3 46.
[2]. American Association Of Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Rehabilitation. (2006). Aacvpr Cardiac Rehabilitation Resource Manual: Promoting Health And Preventing Disease. Human Kinetics.
[3]. Servey, J. T., & Stephens, M. (2016). Cardiac Rehabilitation: Improving Function And Reducing Risk. American Family Physician, 94(1), 37 43.
[4]. Suaya, J. A., Stason, W. B., Ades, P. A., Normand, S. L., & Shepard, D. S. (2009). Cardiac Rehabilitation And Survival In Older Coronary Patients. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology, 54(1), 25 33. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jacc.2009.01.078
[5]. Anderson, L., Oldridge, N., Thompson, D. R., Zwisler, A. D., Rees, K., Martin, N., & Taylor, R. S. (2016). Exercise Based Cardiac Rehabilitation For Coronary Heart Disease: Cochrane Systematic Review And Meta Analysis. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology, 67(1), 1 12. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jacc.2015.10.

Abstract: The feminist movement empowered and expanded women's knowledge about their health and gave them support to fight patriarchal and oppressive practices in health care systems. Gender Medicine (GM) is a new discipline that studies the effect of gender on overall health. The impact of gender-related violence, ethnic conflict, migration and discrimination on women's health is a major public health problem. This particular study examines the burden on women's health from unpaid work, from HPV infection, from the burden of finding and managing clean drinking water in developing countries, from discrimination in urban vaccination, from the burden on mental....

Keywords: gender inequalities, womens health, HPV, malnutrition, m-health, gender medical.

[1]. Feminism, Gender Medicine And Beyond: A Feminist Analysis Of "Gender Medicine".Shai A, Koffler S, Hashiloni-Dolev Y. Int J Equity Health. 2021 Aug3;20(1):177. Doi: 10.1186/S12939-021-01511-5pmid: 34344374 Review.
[2]. Women In Clinical Trials: A Review Of Policy Development And Health Equity In The Canadian Context.Yakerson A. Int J Equity Health. 2019 Apr 15;18(1):56. Doi: 10.1186/S12939-019-0954-X.Pmid: 30987636 Free Pmc Article. Review.
[3]. .Gender Equality And Health In High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Of Within-Country Indicators Of Gender Equality In Relation To Health Outcomes. Milner A, Kavanagh A, Scovelle Aj, O'neil A, Kalb G, Hewitt B, King Tl. Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2021 Apr 27;2(1):113-123. Doi: 10.1089/Whr.2020.0114. Ecollection 2021.Pmid: 33937909 Review.
[4]. Does Gender Equality And Availability Of Contraception Influence Maternal And Child Mortality? A Systematic Review. Bagade T, Chojenta C, Harris Ml, Nepal S, Loxton D Bmj Sex Reprod Health. 2020 Oct;46(4):244-253. Doi: 10.1136/Bmjsrh-2018-200184. Epub 2019 Nov 21.Pmid: 31754064 Free Article.
[5]. Gender Neutral Hpv Vaccination Programs: Reconsidering Policies To Expand Cancer Prevention Globally. Dykens Ja, Peterson Ce, Holt Hk, Harper Dm. Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 21;11:1067299. Doi: 10.3389/Fpubh.2023.1067299. Ecollection 2023. Pmid: 36895694 Free Pmc Article. Review..

Abstract: Biopolymers are natural polymers derived from renewable sources such as plants, algae, and microbes. Alginate is a natural marine biopolymer that has been widely used in biomedical applications, but research on its use as an endodontic material is still sparse in the literature. Marine biopolymers are easily available and meet other biopolymers' characteristics for material fabrication. Marine Biopolymers exhibits good biocompatibility, biodegradable nature, good structural strength, and induce cell proliferation and differentiation. Its good resorbable nature and solubility in water with good gel strength favour physical and mechanical properties support for dental applications...

Keywords: Alginate, Marine biopolymers, Regenerative endodontics, Intracanal medicaments

[1]. B. Al-Zubaidy, N. S. Radhi, Z. S. Al-Khafaji, Study The Effect Of Thermal Impact On The Modelling Of (Titanium-Titania) Functionally Graded Materials By Using Finite Element Analysis, International Journal Of Mechanical Engineering And Technology, 2019, 10, 776-784.
[2]. L. F. Călinoiu, L. Mitrea, G. Precup, M. Bindea, B. Rusu, K. Szabo, F. V. Dulf, B. E. Ştefănescu, D. C. Vodnar, 76. Sustainable Use Of Agro-Industrial Wastes For Feeding 10 Billion People By 2050professionals In Food Chains. Vienna, Austria. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2018, Doi: 10.3920/978-90-8686-869-8_76
[3]. Tathe, A.; Ghodke, M.; Nikalje, A.P. A Brief Review: Biomaterials And Their Applications. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2010, 2, 19–23
[4]. E. Sharifi, S. Ebrahimi-Barough, M. Panahi, M. Azami, A. Ai, Z. Barabadi, A.-M. Kajbafzadeh, J. Ai, In Vitro Evaluation Of Human Endometrial Stem Cell-Derived Osteoblast-Like Cells' Behavior On Gelatin/Collagen/Bioglass Nanofibers' Scaffolds, Journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2016, 104, 2210-2219.
[5]. B. D. Ratner, A. S. Hoffman, F. J. Schoen, J. E. Lemons, Biomaterials Science: An Introduction To Materials In Medicine, Elsevier, 2004

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2, a new strain of the bat-related coronavirus, caused severe acute respiratory syndrome. Pain and fatigue, sleep disturbances, and concerns about their physical appearance, such as hair loss, weight loss, and resuming everyday life are all factors that contribute to their stress and anxiety. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of virtual therapeutic exercises and controlled breathing exercises in patients with Covid– 19. The sample size of this study included 52 people, 26 men and 26 women, with an average age of 52.3 years (SD =10.4 years). The subjects were chosen based on the advice/prescription of a medical officer/pulmonologist. The study lasted for eight weeks. The Hamilton Stress Anxiety scale was employed as a modified fitness assessment scale. The study was....

Keywords: Covid – 19 therapeutic exercises, Active exercises, Breathing exercises, Covid – 19 stress management, Deep breathing exercises

[1]. Chakraborty C, Lee S-S, Sharma A, Bhattacharya M, Sharma G. The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic: A Zoonotic Prospective. Asian Pacific Journal Of Tropical Medicine 2020;13:242. Https://Doi.Org/10.4103/1995-7645.281613.
[2]. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, Et Al. Remdesivir And Chloroquine Effectively Inhibit The Recently Emerged Novel Coronavirus (2019-Ncov) In Vitro. Cell Research 2020;30:269–71. Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41422-020-0282-0.
[3]. Chan Jf-W, To Kk-W, Tse H, Jin D-Y, Yuen K-Y. Interspecies Transmission And Emergence Of Novel Viruses: Lessons From Bats And Birds. Trends In Microbiology 2013;21:544–55. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Tim.2013.05.005.
[4]. Chen J, Wu L, Zhang J, Zhang L, Gong D, Zhao Y, Et Al. Deep Learning-Based Model For Detecting 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia On High-Resolution Computed Tomography: A Prospective Study 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.1101/2020.02.25.20021568.
[5]. Malhotra B, Kashyap V. Progression Of Covid-19 In Indian States - Forecasting Endpoints Using Sir And Logistic Growth Models 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.1101/2020.05.15.20103028..

Abstract: Background: "the human voice is the most perfect instrument of all"- by arvo part.otorhinolaryngologists are the first ones to encounter any defect in this instrument. Any abnormality in that can affect quality of life in a major way. So prompt & early diagnosis of the disease is essential to decreased morbidity and have post treatment good quality of voice. So this study was conducted to know the clinicopathological profile in patients of horsness of voice....

Keywords: Larynx, nodules, polyp , hoarseness of voice , vocal cords , histopathology

[1]. Scott Brown-8th Edition,Volume-3, Page No.883-895; 897-910
[2]. Bailey B. Laryngoscopy And Laryngoscopes- Who's First : The Forefathers Of Laryngology. Laryngoscope 1996,106 : 939-43
[3]. Alberi PW. The History Of Laryngology: A Centennial Celebration.Otolaryngology Head And Neck Surg 1996;114: 345-54
[4]. International Incident. Laryngosoe. 1996 Aug; 106(8): 925-7
[5]. Vaughan CW, Strong MS, Jako GJ. Laryngeal Carcinoma: Transoral Treatment Utilizing The CO2 Laser. Am J
Surg. 1978;136:490–3. Doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(78)90267-2..

Abstract: Background Corollary knee injury is a common finding in femoral fractures but can be easily missed during early management of the initial trauma. Degree of damage to the articular structures vary considerably; from only a mild effusion to complete ligamentous and meniscal tears. Since previous reports were mostly from developed countries, this study was designed to look into characteristics of associated knee injury in a sample from India, to represent a developing country perspective....

Keywords: Femur fracture, Knee injury, Arthroscopy, Concomitant knee injury

[1]. Auffarth A, Bogner R, Koller H, Tauber M, Mayer M, Resch H, et al. How severe are initially undetected injuries to the knee accompanying a femoral shaft fracture. J Trauma Acute Care Surgery 2009; 66:1398–1401.
[2]. Caldas MT, Malheiros DS, Lazzaroni AP, Avelino EA, Santos AJ. Injury of the knee ligaments associated with ipsilateral femoral shaft fractures. Rev Bras Ortop 2013; 48:438–440.
[3]. Meybodi MK, Ladani MJ, Meybodi TE, Rahimnia A, Dorostegan A, Abrisham J, et al. Concomitant ligamentous and meniscal knee injuries in femoral shaft fracture. J Orthop Traumatol 2014; 15:35–39.
[4]. Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Moraleda L, Gomez-Cardero P. Injuries associated with femoral shaft fractures with special emphasis on occult injuries. Arch Bone Jt Surg 2013; 1:59.
[5]. Walker DM, Kennedy JC. Occult knee ligament injuries associated with femoral shaft fractures. Am J Sports Med 1980; 8:172–174.

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 was highly pathogenic, transmissible, and threatened human life. Antibodies produced after vaccination played a vital role in patients' survival-reducing morbidity and mortality. The study showed the response to vaccines among healthcare providers and revealed the picture of antibody status which can encourage people to receive the booster dose of vaccines. This study also showed the path of immunological protection through a booster dose of vaccination. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective observational study that was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from 1st March 2022 to 28th February 2023. According to inclusion...

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Anti-RBD IgG, Booster Dose, Vaccine

[1] Achiron A, Mandel M, Dreyer-Alster S, Harari G, Gurevich M. Humoral Sars-Cov-2 Igg Decay Within 6 Months In Covid-19 Healthy Vaccinees: The Need For A Booster Vaccine Dose? Eur J Intern Med. 2021;94:105-107. Doi:10.1016/J.Ejim.2021.10.027
[2] Yelin I, Katz R, Herzel E, Berman-Zilberstein T, Ben-Tov A, Kuint J, Et Al. Associations Of The Bnt162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness With Patient Age And Comorbidities. Doi:10.1101/2021.03.16.21253686
[3] Anderson Rm, Vegvari C, Truscott J, Collyer Bs. Challenges In Creating Herd Immunity To Sars-Cov-2 Infection By Mass Vaccination. The Lancet. 2020;396(10263):1614-1616. Doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32318-7
[4] Nomura Y, Sawahata M, Nakamura Y, Kurihara M, Koike R, Katsube O, Et Al. Age And Smoking Predict Antibody Titres At 3 Months After The Second Dose Of The Bnt162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(9). Doi:10.3390/Vaccines9091042
[5] Song Z, Xu Y, Bao L, Zhang L, Yu P, Qu Y, Et Al. From Sars To Mers, Thrusting Coronaviruses Into The Spotlight. Viruses. 2019;11(1). Doi:10.3390/V11010059.