iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2024

Abstract: Cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAM) are rare developmental abnormalities of the fetal lung with incidence between 1:11,000 and 1:35,000 live births. They are benign dysplastic lung tumors characterized by overgrowth of terminal bronchioles with a reduction in the number of alveoli. The aim of this paper is to present a case of a prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with congenital cystic adenomatoid lung malformation, discuss the need for pregnancy termination and the prognosis of this condition. We present a case of 32 year old pregnant women (......

[1]. Federica Annunziata, Andrew Bush, Francesco Borgia, Francesco Raimondi, Silvia Montella, Et Al. (2019) Congenital Lung Malformations: Unresolved Issues And Unanswered Questions. Front Pediatr 7: 239.
[2]. C Iavazzo, M Eleftheriades, Am Bacanu, D Hassiakos, D Botsis, Et Al. (2012) Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation: Is There A Need For Pregnancy Termination? Case Rep Med.
[3]. Ambrin Gull Shamas, Karishma Bohara (2017) Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation Of The Lung (Ccam), A Retrospective Clinical Audit And Literature Review In A Tertiary Centre In Scotland Over A Period Of 14 Years. Obstet Gynaecol 37(1): 19-24.
[4]. Yuan Chen, Baihui Zhao, Fangfang Xi, Yayun Wang, Mengmeng Yang, Et Al. (2021) The Prenatal Ultrasonic Character And Postnatal Followup Of 227 Microcystic And Macrocystic Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformations. J Obstet Gynaecol 41(4): 562-568.
[5]. Hong Tran, Michelle A Fink, Joe Crameri, Fiona Cullinane (2008) Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation: Monitoring The Antenatal And Short-Term Neonatal Outcome. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 48(5): 462-466..

Abstract: Background: Caudal epidural block is useful to provide anaesthesia for perineal and penile surgical procedures and also in pain procedures in the adults like suffering from Chronic pain problems such as leg pain after prolapsed intervertebral disc. In blind caudal epidural block (CEB), incorrect needle insertion has been reported to occur in 15% to 38% of attempts. There had been lots of assessment techniques used in past like whoosh test, loss of resistance, swoosh test but have lesser success rate. Hence, In this study we assessed the efficacy of peripheral nerve......

Key Word: peripheral nerve stimulator, caudal epidural block, sacrococcygeal ligament, Pop up, loss of resistance.

[1]. Tsui Bc, Gupta S, Finucane B. Confirmation Of Epidural Catheter Placement Using Nerve Stimulation. Canadian Journal Of Anaesthesia. 1998 Jul;45:640-4.
[2]. Senoglu N, Senoglu M, Oksuz H, Gumusalan Y, Yuksel Kz, Zencirci B, Ezberci M, Kızılkanat E. Landmarks Of The Sacral Hiatus For Caudal Epidural Block: An Anatomical Study. British Journal Of Anaesthesia. 2005 Nov 1;95(5):692-5.
[3]. Chen Pc, Tang Sft, Hsu Tc, Et Al. Ultrasound Guidance In Caudal Epidural Needle Placement. Anesthesiology 2004; 101: 181–4
[4]. Waldman Sd. Caudal Epidural Nerve Block: Prone Position. In: Atlas Of Interventional Pain Management, 2nd Edn. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2004; 380–92.

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetic Kidney Disease is the term for the kidney damage caused by the main microvascular complications of diabetes. It is one of the most frequent effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the primary cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). It is necessary to identify helpful biomarkers that can indicate the early onset of nephropathy to replace the gold standard biomarker, eGFR, and uACR. Materials and Procedures: A total of 121 patients of Diabetes Mellitus with microalbuminuria (GROUP I) together with 121 diabetes mellitus II patients without microalbuminuria (GROUP II) were enrolled in the study. FPG, PPG, HbA1c, Creatinine........

Keywords: Copeptin; Diabetic Kidney Disease; eGFR, uACR

[1]. Wan, E.Y.F.; Fong, D.Y.T.; Fung, C.S.C.; Yu, E.Y.T.; Chin, W.Y.; Chan, A.K.C.; Lam, C.L.K. Prediction Of Five-Year All-Cause Mortality In Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study. J. Diabetes Complicat. 2017, 31, 939–944.
[2]. Peña, M.J.; Mischak, H.; Heerspink, H.J.L. Proteomics For Prediction Of Disease Progression And Response To Therapy In Diabetic Kidney Disease. Diabetologia 2016, 59, 1819–1831.
[3]. Kumar Arvind, Gangwar Ruby, Ahmad Zargar Abrar, Kumar Ranjeet*, Sharma Amit, Prevalence Of Diabetes In India: A Review Of Idf Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition, Current Diabetes Reviews 2023; 19() : E130423215752. Https://Dx.Doi.Org/10.2174/1573399819666230413094200.
[4]. Idf Mena Pakistan. [Internet]. 2017 [Cited On 2018, June 15]. Available From: Http://Www.Idf.Org/Membership/ Mena/Pakistan.
[5]. Fowler Mj. Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications Of Diabetes. Clinical Diabetes. 2008;26(2):77-82.

Abstract: Infarction in Papillary Thyroid cancer cases are rare but reported post-surgery It may lead to difficulties in interpretation for pathologist and in decision making for the surgeon.

[1]. Cooper Ds, Doherty Gm, Haugen Br, Et Al; American Thyroid Association (Ata) Guidelines Taskforce On Thyroid Nodules And Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Revised American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines For Patients With Thyroid Nodules And Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):1167-1214.
[2]. Polyzos Sa, Anastasilakis Ad. Clinical Complications Following Thyroid Fine-Needle Biopsy: A Systematic Review. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009;71(2):157-165.
[3]. Baloch Zw, Livolsi Va. Post Fine-Needle Aspiration Histologic Alterations Of Thyroid Revisited. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;112(3):311-316.
[4]. Bolat F, Kayaselcuk F, Nursal Tz, Et Al. Histopathological Changes In Thyroid Tissue After Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(9):641-645.
[5]. Alejo M, Matias-Cruiu X, De Las Heras Duran P. Infarction Of A Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma After Fine Needle Aspiration. Acta Cytol. 1991;35(4):478-479..

Abstract: Resistant schizophrenia is defined as an inadequate response to two different antipsychotic treatments of sufficient duration and dosage. Clozapine is the only drug treatment currently approved for patients with resistant schizophrenia, and is associated with a lower rate of relapse and hospitalization than other antipsychotics. However, around 30% of patients will not respond to it, and will present residual symptoms causing a notable impact on quality of life, socio-professional integration and increasing psychiatric comorbidities, which represents a real public health problem, in terms of cost and management. While several arguments suggest that clozapine is.....

Keyword: Schizophrenia, Therapeutic resistance, Clozapine, Electroconvulsive therapy.

[1]. Elkis H, Meltzer HY. Therapy-Resistant Schizophrenia. 1st _ Ed. Basel: Karger ; 2010, 200 P. Prevalence
[2]. American Psychiatric Association. DSM- 5 : Diagnostic And Statistics Manual Of Mental Disorders. 5th Editing . Washington D.C.; 2013.
[3]. Buchanan RW, Kreyenbuhl J, Kelly DL, Noel JM, Boggs DL, Fischer BA, Et Al. The 2009 Schizophrenia PORT Psychopharmacological Treatment Recommendations And Summary Statements. Schizophr Bull. Jan 2010; 36(1):71-93.
[4]. Suzuki T, Remington G, Mulsant BH, Uchida H, Rajji TK, Graff-Guerrero A, Et Al. Defining Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia And Response To Antipsychotics: A Review And Recommendation. Psychiatry Res. May 15, 2012; 197(1‑2):1‑6.
[5]. Barber S, Olotu U, Corsi M, Cipriani A. Clozapine Combined With Different Antipsychotic Drugs For Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 23 2017; 3:CD006324.

Abstract: Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease for which after an age people prefer surgery. Post Total knee replacement intervention most patients experience moderate to severe post-operative pain, which results in immobility and prolonged hospitalization related complications. Apart from conventional use of opioids and others, nerve blocks have emerged as newer modality for better pain relief. Femoral nerve block and Adductor canal block provides good pain control and shortens the functional recovery time. However, studies show that blockage....

Keyword: Total knee replacement, Adductor canal block, Femoral nerve block, Peripheral nerve stimulator, Postoperative analgesia.

[1]. International Association For The Study Of Pain (Iasp). Iasp Announces Revised Definition Of Pain [Internet]. International Association For The Study Of Pain (Iasp). 2020. Available From: Https://Www.Iasp-Pain.Org/Publications/Iasp-News/Iasp-Announces-Revised-Definition-Of-Pain
[2]. Turnbull Z, Sastow D, Giambrone G, Tedore T. Anesthesia For The Patient Undergoing Total Knee Replacement: Current Status And Future Prospects. Local And Regional Anesthesia. 2017 Mar;Volume 10:1–7.
[3]. Kim Dh, Lin Y, Goytizolo Ea, Kahn Rl, Maalouf Db, Manohar A, Et Al. Adductor Canal Block Versus Femoral Nerve Block For Total Knee Arthroplasty. Anesthesiology. 2014 Mar;120(3):540–50
[4]. Jæger P, Zaric D, Fomsgaard Js, Hilsted Kl, Bjerregaard J, Gyrn J, Et Al. Adductor Canal Block Versus Femoral Nerve Block For Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty. Regional Anesthesia And Pain Medicine. 2013;38(6):526–32.
[5]. Sharma K, Das G. Pain Pathways. In: Gurumoorthi R, Rammurthy, Dey S, Editors. Basics Of Pain Management. Cbs Publishers 8c Distributors Pvt Ltd; 2017. P. 3–5..

Abstract: Introduction: Stroke is the most significant public issue facing around the world. Now a days, stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Research survey demonstrated that ischaemic stroke is the most common subtype of stroke and it is well recognized that stroke is not only a heterogeneous disease but also a multifactor related disease. Early detection and prevention of related risk factors was an important measure in the prevention and treatment for stroke. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum triglyceride Level and ischaemic stroke among the adult patients attending in a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh. Methods:....

Keyword: Relationship, serum, triglyceride, ischaemic, stroke

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[3]. Wang W, Jiang B, Sun H, et al. Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality of Stroke in China: Results from a Nationwide Population- Based Survey of 480 687 Adults. Circulation 2017;135:759–71.
[4]. Esenwa C, Gutierrez J. Secondary stroke prevention: challenges and solutions. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2015;11:437–50
[5]. Antonios N, Angiolillo DJ, Silliman S. Hypertriglyceridemia and ischemic stroke. Eur Neurol 2008;60:269–78.. [5]. Sharma K, Das G. Pain Pathways. In: Gurumoorthi R, Rammurthy, Dey S, Editors. Basics Of Pain Management. Cbs Publishers 8c Distributors Pvt Ltd; 2017. P. 3–5..