iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2024

Abstract: Scimitar syndrome is an entity defined by a partial anomalous pulmonary venous return wherein an anomalous right pulmonary vein drains either the entire right lung or a lobe of it, above or below the junction of inferior vena cava and right atrium. The syndrome presents different challenges for the surgical team depending on the anatomical variations. We discuss two cases of the Scimitar syndrome with different sites of drainage of the anomalous pulmonary vein requiring modifications of the technique for correction with or without the use of circulatory arrest..

Key Words: Scimitar, surgical technique, congenital

[1] Brown Jw, Ruzmetov M, Minnich Dj, Vijay P, Edwards Ca, Uhlig Pn, Et Al. Surgical Management Of Scimitar Syndrome: An Alternative Approach. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Feb;125(2):238–45
[2] Ak K, Cevik Bs, Arsan S, Akalin F, Cobanoglu A. Repair Of Scimitar Syndrome Using An Extracardiac Conduit In Pediatric Patients: Report Of Two Patients. Ann Pediatr Cardiol. 2019 Apr;12(1):49–52.
[3] Kowatari R, Suzuki Y, Daitoku K, Hattori K, Fukuda I. A Novel Surgical Procedure For Scimitar Syndrome: Scimitar Vein With Right Atrium And Inferior Vena Cava Wall Flap. J Card Surg. 2016 Oct;31(10):642–4.
[4] Wang H, Kalfa D, Rosenbaum Ms, Ginns Jn, Lewis Mj, Glickstein Js, Et Al. Scimitar Syndrome In Children And Adults: Natural History, Outcomes, And Risk Analysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Feb;105(2):592–8.

Abstract: Background: Management of Orthopaedic Trauma with vascular injury (OTWVI) can be quite challenging as there could be threat to life in addition to limb loss. Timely recognition of vascular injury in orthopaedic trauma is critical to limb salvage. The greatest risk of limb loss in any peripheral vascular injury is associated with popliteal artery injury. Objectives: To determine the success rate of limb salvage following OTWVI after limb stabilization and vascular repair. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study that was conducted between April 1, 2017 and March 31, 2023 at a......

Key words: Great saphenous vein,Limb salvage, Popliteal artery, Orthopaedic trauma, Vascular injury, Vascular repair

[1] Mavrogenis Af, Panagopoulos Gn, Kokkalis Zt, Koulouvaris P, Megaloikonomos Pd, Igoumenou V, Et Al. Vascular Injury In Orthopedic Trauma. Orthoped 2016;39(4):249-259.
[2] Rasmussen Te, Woodson J, Rich Nm, Mattox Kl. Vascular Trauma At A Crossroads. J Trauma. 2011;70(5):1291-1293.
[3] Parvizi J. Vascular Injury And Orthopaedics. Arthroplasty Today 2018;4:399-400.
[4] Kauvar Ds, Wade Ce. The Epidemiology And Hemorrhage: Us And International Perspectives. Crit Care. 2005;9(5):S1-S9.
[5] Halvorson Jj, Anz A, Langfitt M, Et Al. Vascular Injury Associated With Extremity Trauma: Initial Diagnosis And Management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011; 19(8):495-504.

Abstract: Background: The main objective of chemomechanical root canal preparation includes the preservation of the original canal anatomy and cleaning of the entire root canal system. This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the dentinal microcraks formation by comparing three pediatric rotary filing systems. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human primary molar teeth with atleast two-third of the root length were selected for the study. Teeth were decoronated using Diamond Disc under cooling water, mounted in acrylic resin block and.....

Key Word: Dentinal microcraks, Pediatric, Rotary files.

[1] Burklein S, Tsotsis P, Schafer E. Incidence Of Dentinal Defects After Root Canal Preparation: Reciprocating Versus Rotary Instrumentation. J Endod. 2013;39(4):501–4. Doi: 10.1016/J.Joen.2012.11.045.
[2]. Panda A, Shah K, Budakoti V, Dere K, Virda M, Jani J. Evaluation Of Microcrack Formation During Root Canal Preparation Using Hand, Rotary Files And Self-Adjusting File In Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2021;15(1):35-41. Doi: 10.34172/Joddd.2021.007.
[3]. Jindal L, Bhat N, Mehta S, Bansal S, Sharma S, Kumar A. Rotary Endodontics In Pediatric Dentistry: Literature Review. Int J Health Biol Sci. 2020;3(2):09-13. Https://Doi.Org/10.46682/Ijhbs.3.2.3.
[4] Nt Pedo Gold File. Nineten. Available From: Https://Nineten.In/Product/Nt-Pedo-Gold-File/. Accessed 25 December 2023.
[5]. Jaju Kk, Antony Dp, Solete P. Comparative Evaluation Of Dentin Crack Formation After Root Canal Preparation Using 3 Different Rotary Files – In Vitro Study. Inter J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(6):3209-3213. Doi: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000654.

Abstract: Full mouth rehabilitation entails the performance of all the procedures necessary to produce a healthy, esthetic, well-functioning, self-maintaining masticatory mechanism. A single amalgam restoration or a successful periodontal treatment rehabilitates the mouth in one instance while extensive crowns & bridges do so in another. When the restorations and treatment include the entire occlusion, the procedure is referred as occlusal rehabilitation. Full mouth rehabilitation helps to correlate centric occlusion with the unstrained centric relation, to obtain the.......

Keywords: Full Mouth Rehabilitation, Zirconia, Broadrick's Occlusal Plane Analysers, Dental attrition

[1] Se-Na Yoon Et Al. Full Mouth Rehabilitation Of A Severely Worn Dentition Using Intraoral Scanner And The Cad/Cam Double Scanning Technique. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2020;58:67-76
[2] Shetty, Shetty, Prasad, Rajalakshmi, Jaiman Full Mouth Rehabilitation, Int J Dent Nov-Dec 2013, Vol.3, No. 3
[3] Dawson Pe. Functional Occlusion: From Tmj To Smile Design,1st Edition. St. Louis;Mosby, 2009
[4] Sribabu E, Behera Ssp. Occlusion And Full Mouth Rehabilitation: An Overview. Int J Oral Care Res 2018;6(2):94-5
[5] Azmin S, Kumar N, Kapoor V And Tomar S. Applications Of Cone Beam Computed Tomography In The Field Of Prosthodontics: A Review. International Journal Of Applied Dental Sciences 2022; 8(2):287-93.
Doi: 10.22271/Oral.2022.V8.I2e.1520.

Abstract: Introduction: Neurofibromatosis 1[nf1] is one of the most common tumor following autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.patient with nf1 develops plexiform neurofibroma and cutaneous neurofibromas.these tumours are major cause of patient morbidity.an influence of estrogen and progesterone on tumor growth has been suggested but reports on growth or malignant transformation of tumor during pregnancy remain anecdotal.the majority of women with nf1 have healthy pregnancy but need careful monitoring as early diagnosis and treatment result in better outcome......

Keywords: neurofibromatosis,iugr,tumor

[1] Gashi Am, Gjocaj C, Ismajli J, Gojnovci X. Jkimsu 2018;7(1):82-85.
[2] Dugoff L, Sujansky E. Neurofibromatosis Type 1 And Pregnancy. Am J Med Genet 1996;66:7-10. 3.Weissman A, Jakobi P, Zaidise I, Drugan A. Neurofibromatosis And Pregnancy. An Update. J Reprod Med 1993;38:890-896
[3] Terry Ar, Barker Fg, Leffert L, Bateman Bt, Souter I, Plotkin Sr. Neurofibromatosis Type 1 And Pregnancy Complications, A Population-Based Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013;209:46.E1-8. 5.Sangwan N, Duhan N. Normal Obstetric Outcome In Neurofibromatosis-1 Complicating Pregnancy. J Science 2008;20:197-198
[4] Ferner Re, Huson Sm, Thomas N, Et Al. Guidelines For The Diagnosis And Management Of Individuals With Neurofibromatosis 1. J Med Genet 2007;44:81-88.
[5] Isakson Sh, Rizzardi Ae, Coutts Aw, Et Al. Genetically Engineered Minipigs Model The Major Clinical Features Of Human Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Commun Biol 2018;1:158..

Abstract: Introduction: pregnancy is a physiological condition rather than an illness, but the number of difficulties related with pregnancy is significant. Anaemia in pregnancy is one of the most common and widespread public health problems. Anaemia affects various organs in body including the heart. It affects the heart by impairing the o2 supply of myocardium, thus supply – demand myocardial mismatch causing myocardial ischemia or infarction. Electrocardiography is one of basic tools in the investigation of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, the present study is taken up assess the changes in electrocardiographic parameters in pregnant women with anaemia in third trimesters of pregnancy......

[1] Soma-Pillay P, Nelson-Piercy C, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A. Physiological Changes In Pregnancy. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2016 Mar-Apr; 27(2):89-94.
[2] Karami M, Chaleshgar M, Salari N, Akbari H, Mohammadi M. Global Prevalence Of Anaemia In Pregnant Women: A Comprehensive Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Maternal Child Health J. 2022 Jul; 26(7):1473-87.
[3] Noronha A J, Khasawneh Ai E, Seshan V, Ramasubramanlam S, Raman S. Anaemia In Pregnancy – Consequences And Challenges : A Review Of Literature. J Saf Of Obs & Gyn, Jan-Apr 2012; 4(1): 64-70.
[4] Thakker D. D. V., & Kariya, D. V. B. Assessment Of Left Ventricular Structural And Functional Indices By Echocardiography In Relation To The Haemoglobin Levels In Second Trimester Of Pregnancy: Assessment Of Left Ventricular Structural And Functional Indices. Natl J Integr Res Med. 2012; 3(3), 7-10.
[5] Tangeda Pr, Patil S, Shastri N, Noorali Sn. Maternal Myocardial Performance In Second Trimester Of Pregnancy With Iron Deficiency Anaemia. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Mar; 10(3): 16-8.

Abstract: Background: Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation is a routine invasive procedure in clinical practice with various associated complications including cannula fracture. Objective: To evaluate the incidence of peripheral IV cannula fracture and its management. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between April 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021. A data co9llection tool designed specifically for the study was used to obtain information on the size of the cannula, cadre of doctor that inserted the cannula, the brand of the cannula, history of reinsertion of the introducer needle during cannulation, duration of the intravenous cannulation, time of presentation and successful retrieval rate.......

Keywords: Cannula; Intravenous; Peripheral; Fracture; Retrieval; Port Harcourt.

[1] Isiguzo C, Opara C, Uzoho A, Opara K. Management Of Accidental Fracture And Embolization Of Intravenous Cannula In Peripheral Veins Using A Novel J‑Flap Technique: A Case Series. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:832-836.
[2] Rivera Am, Strauss Kw, Van Zundert A, Mortier E. The History Of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters: How Little Plastic Tubes Revolutionized Medicine. Acta Anaesth Bel 2005, 12271-12278.
[3] Adeosun Po, Abdulazeez At, Okeke Ui, Ehinmosan Oe, Eze Eg. Ct-Guided Retrieval Of A Fractured Intravenous Cannula In A Toddler: A Case Report. Afr J Emerg Med 2020;10(4):277-280.
[4] Masood A, Malik M, Khan M. A Foreign Body In The Cephalic Vein: Broken Piece Of Intravenous Cannula. Cureus 2021;13 (10): E18813.
[5] Ezeah I, Nweke Cm, Adejumo Ao, Junaid Ao, Ige Oo. Seek And You Shall Find- Retrieval Of A Retained Fractured Intravenous Cannula By Z-Plasty Incision: A Case Report. Annals Afri Surg 2023;20 (1):37-41

Abstract: Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that most commonly affects the genitourinary tract. In the genitourinary tract it most commonly involves the urinary bladder. Urachal malakoplakia is rare and very few cases have been reported.We present a case of 54-year old patient who preseted to us with features of urinary tract infection and a palpable suprapubic mass. Imaging was suggestive of a urachal mass. Patient underwent en bloc resection with partial cystectomy. Histopathological examination revealed Von Hansemann cells and Michaelis Gutmann bodies without involvement of bladder mucosa and a diagnosis of urachal malakoplakia was made. Hence urachal malakoplakia needs to be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of urachal mass along with malignacy and other benign causes like cyst, abscess and xanthogranuloma.

Key Word: Urachal mass; Malakoplakia; Michaelis-Gutmann bodies,Uurachal carcinoma

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[3]. Chaudhry N, Vazzano J, Parwani A (2022) Case Study: Malakoplakia Of The Bladder. Pathology - Research And Open Access Journal Of Urology & Practice 237: 153852
[4]. Cavallone B, Serao A, Audino P, Di Stasio A, Tiranti D, Et Al. (2018) Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis With Renal Failure Caused By Malacoplakia. Urologia Févr 85(1): 36- 37.

Abstract: Background: CKD is associated with a variety of hematological abnormalities which include anemia, infections and bleeding diathesis. However, the exact relationships between hematological parameters and the severity of CKD are not well understood. Also, the underlying mechanisms remain under investigation. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of different blood parameters and comorbidities among hospitalized CKD patients in rural tertiary care hospital in India (1)(2)......

[1]. Panduranga G, Perla U. Study Of Hematological Profile In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Adv Med 2020;7:11-6.
[2]. Rahman Ma, Shanjana Y, Ahmed Ms, Dhama K, Hasan Fahim M, Mahmud T, Shuvo Aa, Milan Zh, Rahman Ms, Roy A, Bhuiyan Ma, Islam Mr. Hematological Abnormalities And Comorbidities Are Associated With The Severity Of Kidney Disease: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study In Bangladesh. Clin Pathol. 2022 Jul 23;15:2632010x221114807. Doi: 10.1177/2632010x221114807. Pmid: 35898700; Pmcid: Pmc9310280.
[3]. Kdoqi,Nationalkidneyfoundation.Kdoqiclinicalpracticeguidelinesandclinicalpracticerecommendationsforanemiainchronickidneydisease. Amjkidneydis.2006may;47:S11-5
[4]. Abdua,Arogundadef,Adamub,Dutseai,Sanusia,Sanimu,Etal.Anaemiaanditsresponsetotrea tmentwithrecombinanthumanerythropoietininchronickidneydiseasepatients.Westafricanjmed.2009;28(5).
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Abstract: Background : Chronic alcoholism, obesity, hepatitis C and hepatitis B, are the most common reasons behind continued growing prevalence of chronic liver disease. In cirrhotic patients, portal hypertension and its complications account for the significant morbidity and mortality. Ultrasound doppler is an accurate noninvasive investigation to evaluate the etiology, grading and the complications of portal hypertension. The various spectrum of imaging findings, flow volumetric changes and portosystemic collaterals can be assessed on ultrasonography. The purpose of study is to evaluate the role of colour doppler sonography in assessment of portal hypertension.......

Keywords: Portal hypertension, cirrhosis, colour Doppler.

[1] Goel A, Madhu K, Zachariah U, Sajith Kg, Ramachandran J, Ramakrishna B, Et Al. A Study Of Aetiology Of Portal Hypertension In Adults (Including The Elderly) At A Tertiary Centre In Southern India. Indian J Med Res 2013;137:922-7
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[5] Herbay Av, Frieling T, Haussinger D. Color Doppler Sonographic Evaluation Of Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunts And Invesion Of Portal Venous. Jcu 2000;28(7):332-9.

Abstract: Peritonitis continues to be a prevalent issue encountered by general surgeons. In recent decades, notable advancements have been made in the management of peritonitis, encompassing advancements in antibiotic therapy and surgical interventions. The surgeons involved in the treatment are aware of the severe and potentially life-threatening complications associated with this condition (1). These complications can range from small wound infections to severe septic shock or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The treatment can be straightforwardly initiated by initiating a specific course of antibiotic therapy, typically with a wide-ranging antibiotic that targets gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria (2). Nevertheless, the current issue lies in the emergence of antibiotic resistance, leading to elevated rates of treatment failure.

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Abstract: Thyroid surgical procedures are frequently conducted by general surgeons. Surgery in this area also presents notable cosmetic challenges due to its high visibility to others, making it highly relevant. These surgeries typically involve making incisions in the front of the neck, which may lead to unfavorable visual outcomes if the scars do not develop as anticipated. The topic of early and easy wound healing has garnered significant attention throughout history . An appropriate approach to incision closure should possess characteristics such as simplicity, safety, speed, cost-effectiveness, painlessness, antibacterial properties, and the ability to achieve an optimal cosmetic outcome for the scar (1)..

[1] Soni A, Narula R, Kumar A, Parmar M, Sahore M, Chandel M. Comparing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive And Conventional Subcuticular Skin Sutures For Maxillofacial Incisions--A Prospective Randomized Trial Considering Closure Time, Wound Morbidity, And Cosmetic Outcome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Dec;71(12):2152.E1-8.
[2] Mora-Galvan Ja, Reyes-Paredes N, Grosso-Espinosa Jm, Ortiz-Ramirez Ma, Godines-Enriquez Ms, Sepulveda-Rivera Cm. Use Of Cyanoacrylate N-Butyl Versus Subcuticular Suture In The Dermal Closure Following Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal Of Clinical Gynecology And Obstetrics. 2019 Sep 30;8(3):85–90.
[3] Wang Ls, Wang Xy, Tu H Tian, Huang Yf, Qi X, Gao Yh. Octyl-2-Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Without Subcuticular Suture For Wound Closure After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Observational Study On Thirty-Two Cases With Controls For 3 Months Follow-Up. Journal Of Orthopaedic Surgery And Research. 2020 Oct 10;15(1):467.
[4] Martin Jg, Hollenbeck St, Janas G, Makar Ra, Pabon-Ramos Wm, Suhocki Pv, Et Al. Randomized Controlled Trial Of Octyl Cyanoacrylate Skin Adhesive Versus Subcuticular Suture For Skin Closure After Implantable Venous Port Placement. Journal Of Vascular And Interventional Radiology. 2017 Jan 1;28(1):111–6.