iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2024

Abstract: Giant inguinal hernias pose a significant challenge in surgical management, particularly when complicated by irreducibility and omental involvement.2 We present a case of a 26-year-old male with a giant irreducible inguinal hernia containing 1.23 kg of omentum, successfully managed with surgical exploration, omentectomy, herniotomy, and modified Bassini's repair with meshplasty. The procedure was performed with minimal blood loss and short operative time, resulting in rapid postoperative recovery and discharge.....

[1] Lutchka Jd, Morrison Cw, Adjemian Aa, Walker Pd. Large Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia: A Case Report. Cureus. 2022;14(8):E27822. Published 2022 Aug 9. Doi:10.7759/Cureus.27822
[2] Ishii K, Numata K, Seki H, Et Al. Duodenal Rupture Due To Giant Inguinal Hernia: A Case Report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2017;38:142-145. Doi:10.1016/J.Ijscr.2017.07.030
[3] Creedon L, Peacock O, Singh R, Awan A. Gastric Outlet Obstruction Secondary To Incarcerated Pylorus In An Inguinal Hernia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2014;96(5):E26-E27. Doi:10.1308/003588414x13946184901245
[4] Hodgkinson Dj, Mcilrath Dc. Scrotal Reconstruction For Giant Inguinal Hernias. Surg Clin North Am. 1984;64(2):307-313. Doi:10.1016/S0039-6109(16)43287-1
[5] Creedon L, Peacock O, Singh R, Awan A. Gastric Outlet Obstruction Secondary To Incarcerated Pylorus In An Inguinal Hernia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2014;96(5):E26-E27. Doi:10.1308/003588414x13946184901245

Abstract: This paper underscores the significant role of dentists in diagnosing acute leukemia in children through the recognition of oral manifestations associated with the disease. Dentists, as frontline healthcare providers, have a unique vantage point during routine dental examinations to identify various oral signs indicative of systemic conditions like leukemia. This review aims to elucidate the diverse oral manifestations of acute leukemia, highlight the diagnostic process involving dentists, emphasize the importance of early detection, and underscore the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in managing pediatric leukemia cases..

Keywords: Dentists, Acute Leukemia, Children, Oral Manifestations, Diagnosis, Early Detection

[1] Wadhwani, P., Parikh, V., & Parikh, R. (2013). Oral Manifestations In Acute Leukemia: An Overview. Journal Of Oral And Maxillofacial Pathology, 17(2), 257.
[2] Epstein, J. B., Raber-Durlacher, J. E., Wilkins, A., Chavarria, M. G., Myint, H., & Donaldson, G. W. (2010). Advances In Hematologic Stem Cell Transplant: An Update For Oral Health Care Providers. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, And Endodontology, 110(4), 459-466.
[3] Stafford R, Sonis S, Lockhart P, Sonis A. Oral Pathoses As Diagnostic Indicators In Leukemia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1980;50:134-9.
[4] Anil S, Smaranayake Lp, Nair Rg, Beena Vt. Gingival Enlargement As A Diagnostic Indicator In Leukaemia. Case Report. Aust Dent J 1996;41:235-7
[5] Marx, R. E., Stern, D., & Santucci, R. A. (2008). Oral And Maxillofacial Pathology: A Rationale For Diagnosis And Treatment. Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc..

Abstract: Purpose: To determine the effect of low dose (0.01%) atropine in the progression of myopia in school going myopic children. Design: Quasi-experimental study. Participants: A total of 108 children aged (6-12) years with spherical equivalent refraction between -2.00 to -6.00 diopters (D) and astigmatism of....

Keywords: Spherical Equivalent Refraction (SER), Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), myopia, atropine, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), diopters (D).

....

Abstract: Acute amoebic appendicitis it occurs rarely and have high mortality......

[1] Herrera Gc, Herrera Ac, Pontón P, Molina Ga, Constante Je, Delgado Ja. Amoebiasis, A Rare Cause Of Acute Appendicitis. J Surg Case Rep. 2019 Mar 13;2019(3):Rjz076.
[2] Hegazi Ma, Patel Ta. Acute Amoebic Appendicitis: Case Reports And Review Of Parasitic Appendicitis. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2013 Mar;2(1):80-2.

Abstract: As a member of the medical education community, I am writing to highlight the immense importance of fostering a culture of research within Caribbean medical schools. The Caribbean Accreditation Authority for Education in Medicine and Other Health Professions (CAAM-HP) has made significant strides in providing quality training to future healthcare professionals. However, to further elevate the standard and global recognition of Caribbean medical schools, it is imperative to emphasize and prioritize research activities.....

[1] Https://Caam-Hp.Org/Medical-Schools/ [2] Kruif P. The Dignity Of The Medical Profession. Our Medicine Men. New York: The Century Co.; 1922. P. 3-18. [3] Shryock Rh. Medical Thought And Practice. Medicine And Society In America: 1660-1860. Ithaca: Cornell University Press; 1960. P. 44-82. [4] Weatherall D. Science And The Quiet Art: The Role Of Medical Research In Health Care. First Ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company; 1995

Abstract: Statement of Problem: The location of dental implants and the retentive attachments for implant-retained overdentures are selected based on clinician preference, expert opinion, or empirical information. Limited information is available regarding implant attachment designs, and the effect on the retention and stability of mandibular implant overdentures. Aim: This investigation aimed to evaluate the retention and stability of mandibular implant-supported overdenture with ball and........

Keywords: Implant, locator attachment; ball attachment

[1]. Al-Harbi Fa. Mandibular Implant-Supported Overdentures: Prosthetic Overview. Saudi Journal Of Medicine & Medical Sciences. 2018 Jan;6(1):2.
[2]. Jacobson Te, Krol Aj. A Contemporary Review Of The Factors Involved In Complete Denture Retention, Stability, And Support. Part I: Retention. J Prosthet Dent. 1983 Jan;49:5-15.
[3]. Academy Of Prosthodontics: Glossary Of Prosthodontic Terms. J Prosthet Dent 2005;94:10-92
[4]. Jacobson Te, Krol Aj. A Contemporary Review Of The Factors Involved In Complete Denture Retention, Stability, And Support. Part I: Retention. J Prosthet Dent. 1983 Jan;49:5-15.
[5]. Jacobson Te, Krol Aj. A Contemporary Review Of The Factors Involved In Complete Dentures. Part Ii: Stability. J Prosthet Dent. 1983 Feb;49:165-72.

Abstract: CNS tuberculoma, which is an uncommon clinical manifestation of tuberculosis (TB), still remains a problem of delayed diagnosis and treatment. This case report is supposed to present the comprehensive profile of the diagnosis and treatment of the CNS tuberculoma. The brain or spinal cord CNS tuberculoma is caused by hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, that results in the formation of a cluster of granulomatous lesions. The CNS tuberculoma patients can have a wide variety of neurological disorders, including headaches, seizures, focal deficits, a change in the mental status. The case stated shows a 26 year old girl who has got CNS Tuberculoma and suffered a recent seizure.

[1] Thwaites Ge, Van Toorn R, Schoeman J. Tuberculous Meningitis: More Questions, Still Too Few Answers. Lancet Neurol. 2013 Jan;12(1):999-1010. Doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70185-9. Pmid: 23200528.
[2] Garg Rk, Malhotra Hs, Kumar N. Paradoxical Reaction In Hiv Negative Tuberculous Meningitis. J Neurol Sci. 2014 Feb 15;338(1-2):35-42. Doi: 10.1016/J.Jns.2013.12.007. Epub 2013 Dec 13. Pmid: 24377847.
[3] Rock Rb, Olin M, Baker Ca, Molitor Tw, Peterson Pk. Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: Pathogenesis And Clinical Aspects. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008 Jul;21(2):243-61. Doi: 10.1128/Cmr.00042-07. Pmid: 18400800; Pmcid: Pmc2398660.
[4] Ranjan P, Kalita J, Misra Uk. Role Of Clinical, Radiological, And Neurophysiological Changes In Predicting The Outcome Of Tuberculous Meningitis: A Multivariable Analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;83(10):956-62. Doi: 10.1136/Jnnp-2012-302496. Epub 2012 Jul 19. Pmid: 22821637.
[5] Thwaites Ge, Van Toorn R, Schoeman J. Tuberculous Meningitis: More Questions, Still Too Few Answers. Lancet Neurol. 2013 Jan;12(1):999-1010. Doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70185-9. Pmid: 23200528.

Abstract: Background: Choledochal cyst is not uncommonly seen in the pediatric population. Long-standing choledochal cysts can lead to malignancy. However, concurrent association with a neoplasm in the gall bladder is seldom seen. The pyloric gland adenoma of the gall bladder is a rare entity. Synchronous association of both poses an embryologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenge. Case Presentation: We describe a 7-year-old female child with a history of intermittent pain abdomen for two years. On evaluation......

Keywords: Gall bladder neoplasm; pyloric gland adenoma; choledochal cyst; gall bladder adenoma; pediatric gall bladder neoplasm.

[1]. E. Makin And M. Davenport, "Understanding Choledochal Malformation," Arch. Dis. Child., Vol. 97, No. 1, Pp. 69–72, Jan. 2012,
Doi: 10.1136/Adc.2010.195974.
[2]. S. A. Halaseh, S. Halaseh, And R. Shakman, "A Review Of The Etiology And Epidemiology Of Gallbladder Cancer: What You Need To Know," Cureus, Vol. 14, No. 8, P. E28260, Doi: 10.7759/Cureus.28260.
[3]. S. Liu Et Al., "Obstructive Jaundice Caused By Mucinous Cystic Tumor Of Gallbladder: A Case Report And Literature Review," J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol., Vol. 9, No. 4, Pp. 598–602, Aug. 2021, Doi: 10.14218/Jcth.2020.00123.
[4]. F. S. Hamedani And M. Garcia-Buitrago, "Pyloric Gland Adenoma Of Gallbladder: A Review Of Diagnosis And Management," Adv. Med., Vol. 2018, 2018, Doi: 10.1155/2018/7539694..

Abstract: Background: Smoking is a common problem with a high public health burden. There are many hazardous actions of smoking on body systems especially haemostatic, respiratory and circulatory systems. Smoking may increase the thrombus burden in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The 'smoker's paradox' has been described for more than 25 years. Its existence and its effect on patients' outcome post myocardial infarction are debatable. Smoking is associated with many influencing factors for accelerating Myocardial Infarction.....

Keywords: Thrombolytic therapy, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), Streptokinase

[1] Doll R, Peto R (1976) Mortality In Relation To Smoking: 20 Years' Observations On Male British Doctors. Bmj 2:1525–1536
[2] Wilhelmsson C, Vedin Ja, Elmfeldt D Et Al (1975) Smoking And Myocardial Infarction. Lancet 1:415–420
[3] Kannel Wb, Higgins M (1990) Smoking And Hypertension As Predictors Of Cardiovascular Risk In Population Studies. J Hypertens Suppl 8:S3–S8
[4]
Barbash Gi, White Hd, Modan M Et Al (1993) Significance Of Smoking In Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy For Acute Myocardial Infarction. Experience Gleaned From The International Tissue Plasminogen Activator/Streptokinase Mortality Trial. Circulation 87:53–58
[5] Barbash Gi, Reiner J, White Hd Et Al (1995) Evaluation Of Paradoxic Beneficial Effects Of Smoking In Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy For Acute Myocardial Infarction: Mechanism Of The ''Smoker's Paradox'' From The Gusto-I Trial, With Angiographic Insights. Global Utilization Of Streptokinase And Tissue-Plasminogen Activator For Occluded Coronary Arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 26:1222–1229.

Abstract: Background: Religious use of incense has its origins in antiquity. Egyptians used it during the Fifth Dynasty and has become a symbolic rite in different religious and cultural practices. The burned incense may be used as a sacrificial offering to various deities or serve as an aid in prayer. Fire has been used by humans for over 500,000 years. The mystical significance is for purification. The incenses are combustible, when used in the presence of naked fire, and can be ignited. The aim of this study is to present our experience with burn injuries occurring in worship places while performing purification....

[1] Olaitan P. B, Ogbonnaya I. S: Masquerades: Highly Flammable. Case Report Of Flame Burn Injuries Due To Masquerades. Annals Of Burn And Fire Disasters-2004vol XVII-N.3-Sept
[2] Apakama AI, Anajekwu CC. Ocular Fireworks Injuries In Eastern Nigeria. A 3year Review. Niger J Surg 2019; 25:42-4
[3] Tandon R, Agrawal K, Narayan RP, Tiwari VK, Prakash V, Kumar S, Sharma S. Firecracker Injuries During Diwali Festival: The Epidemiology And Impact Of Legislation In Delhi. Indian J Plast Surg 2012;45-97-101
[4] Jian Wang, M.D, Bo Zhou, Ren-Qin Tao, Xu-Lin Chen. Pediatric Deep Burns Caused By Hot Incense Ashes During 2014 Spring Festival In Fuyang City. Ulua Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2016; 22(1):12-16.
[5] Tan L, Huss A, Et Al. Household Incense Burning And Children's Respiratory Health: A Cohort Study In Hong Kong. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2019;54(4):399–404

Abstract: Background Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a common, yet challenging diagnosis, characterized by dislodgement of blood clot from the intima of a blood vessel. The dislodged blood may migrate to the lungs leading to Pulmonary Embolism (PE). Reporting and Diagnosis of DVT in burns is controversial and under reported. Objectives: The aim of our study is to update us on the factors responsible for the development of DVT and knowledge of the factors required for DVT Surveillance in burn patients in UPTH. Method: This is a retrospective.....

[1] Kesieme, E.; Kesieme, C.; Jebbin, N., Irekpita, E.; Dongo,A. Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Clinical Review. J.Blood Med.2011; 2, 59.
[2] Wahl Wl, Brandt Mm, Ahrns Ks, Zajkowski Pj, Proctor Mc, Wakefield Tw, Et Al. Venous Thrombosis Incidence In Burn Patients: Preliminary Results Of A Prospective Study Burn Care Rehabil.2002;23:97-102
[3] Harrington Dt, Mozingo Dw, Cancio L, B Ird P, Jordan B, Goodwin Cw. Thermally Injured Patients Are At Significant Risk For Thromboembolic Complications. J. Trauma.2001;50:495-49.
[4] Mullins F,Mian M, Jenkins D,Brandigi C, Shaveer J, Friedman B Et Al. Thromboembolic Complicationin Burn Patients And Associated Risk Factors J.Burn Care Res 2013;34:355-60
[5] Fecher, M.S. O'mara, I.W. Goldfarb, H. Slater, R. Garvin, T.J. Birdas, Et Al. Analysis Of Deep Vein Thrombosis In Burn Patients, Burns, 30 (2004), Pp. 591-593.

Abstract: Background: In this review, we conducted the effectiveness of purple or blue LED during whitening procedures of vital teeth. Methodology: When clinical and in vitro studies on whitening treatment are analyzed by searching the PubMed and google scholar databases over the past two years. The studies included were: 1) whitening-related studies; 2) studies on purple LED Light (405-410nm); and 3) studies analyzing effectiveness. 4) Studies on blue Led Light. In order to find an answer to the research question, the authors systematically and biaslessly.....

Keywords: Bleaching, Blue Led, Violet Led, Whitening Processes

[1]. Atluri, K., et al., Aesthetic Dentistry-What You Decided and What I Want: Shade Selection. Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada, 2024. 24: p. e220186-e220186.
[2]. Chen, H.P., et al., Effect of fluoride containing bleaching agents on enamel surface properties. J Dent, 2008. 36(9): p. 718-725.
[3]. Shafiei, F. and S. Doustfatemeh, Effect of a Combined Bleaching Regimen on the Microhardness of a Sealed Methacrylate-based and a Silorane-based Composite. J Dent (Shiraz), 2013. 14(3): p. 111-117.
[4]. Möbius, D., A. Braun, and R. Franzen, Evaluation of tooth color change after a bleaching process with different lasers. Odontology, 2024: p. 1-12.
[5]. De Moor, R.J., et al., Laser teeth bleaching: evaluation of eventual side effects on enamel and the pulp and the efficiency in vitro and in vivo. ScientificWorldJournal, 2015. 2015: p. 835405.

Abstract: Bipolar disorder (BD) evolves in episodes, with profound cognitive impairment during acute episodes of mania or depression. More recently, it has emerged that euthymic periods are also associated with persistent cognitive dysfunction. These cognitive alterations are largely responsible for disability in patients suffering from (BD). However, this cognitive impairment appears to be both specific and heterogeneous. Not all cognitive functions are affected. Moreover, not all patients present the same disorders, and for the same patient, the cognitive assessment may.....

Keywords: bipolar disorder, cognitive impairment, antipsychotics

[1]. Robenson Lj, Thompson J, Gallagher P, Et Al. A Metaanalysis Of Cognitive Deficits In Euthymic Patients With Bipolar Disorder. J Affest Disord 2006; 93:105-15.
[2]. Martínez-Arán A, Vieta E, Colom F, Torrent C, Sánchez-Moreno J, Reinares M, Benabarre A, Goikolea Jm, Brugué E, Daban C, Salamero M. Cognitive Impairment In Euthymic Bipolar Patients: Implications For Clinical And Functional Outcome. Bipolar Disord. 2004 Jun;6(3):224-32.
[3]. Vidailhet P. Antipsychotics And Cognition. Lavoisier. December 2013, P 53-74.
[4]. Cullen B, Ward J, Graham Na, Deary Ij, Pell Jp, Smith Dj, Evans Jj. Prevalence And Correlates Of Cognitive Impairment In Euthymic Adults With Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review. J Affect Disord. 2016 Nov 15; 205:165-181.
[5]. Sabater A, García-Blanco Ac, Verdet Hm, Sierra P, Ribes J, Villar I, Lara Mj, Arnal P, Rojo L, Livianos L. Comparative Neurocognitive Effects Of Lithium And Anticonvulsants In Long-Term Stable Bipolar Patients. J Affect Disord. 2016 Jan 15; 190:34-40..

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, disabling autoimmune neurological disease, most common in young adults. It is characterized by multiple demyelinating and axonal lesions throughout the central nervous system. To date, little is known about its causes, leaving many hypotheses open. Depression is most often associated with MS, accounting for 25-55% of cases depending on the series. Depressive symptoms are often of moderate intensity in this population category. Suicide rates are higher than in the general population. In this article, we present the clinical case.....

Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, Depression, Complication, Consequence

[1]. Trapp Bd, Nave Ka. Multiple Sclerosis: An Immune Or Neurodegenerative Disorder? Annu Rev Neurosci 2008; 31:247-69
[2]. Simioni S, Annoni Jm, Gschwind M And Al. Neurobehavioral Changes Secondary To Multiple Sclerosis. Rev Med Suisse 2009; 5: 951-4
[3]. Brochet B. Clinical, Pathophysiological And Therapeutic Aspects Of Plates. Encycl Med Chir - Éditions Scientifiques Et Médicales Elsevier Sas, Paris, - Neurology, 17-074-B-10, 2001, 26 P
[4]. Confavreux. C. L'évolution Naturelle De La Sclérose En Plaques. La Revue Du Praticien. 2006, Vol. 56, Pp. 1313-1320.
[5]. Patten. Sb, Beck Ca, Williams Jv And Al. Major Depression In Multiple Sclerosis: A Population Based Perspective. Neurology. 2003, Vol, Pp 1524-1527.

Abstract: Background: Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) are common mental health problems that can have a major impact on the lives of sufferers and those around them. Indeed, the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with people suffering from these disorders has been repeatedly demonstrated in various meta-analyses. This psychotherapy helps prevent relapse. With this in mind, we conducted an experiment on the practice of CBT for anxiety disorders and OCD in our Algerian institutions, with the main aim of evaluating the comparative efficacy of CBT + pharmacotherapy and pharmacotherapy alone in the treatment of adult patients suffering from anxiety disorders and OCD over a two-year post-therapy observation period. Materials and methods.....

Keywords: efficacy, Cognitive-behavioral therapy, anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder

[1]. Lesage A, Emond V. Surveillance Of Mental Disorders In Qebec: Prevalence, Mortality And Service User Profile. December 14, 2012. Inspq. Institut National De Santé Publique Du Québec.
[2]. Kanwar A, Malik S., Prokop L-J And Al. The Association Between Anxiety Disorders And Suicidal Behaviors: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Depression And Anxiety, Wiley Reseach. October 2013volume30, Issue10 Pages 917-929
[3]. Sareen J, Cox Bj, Afifi To, De Graaf R. Anxiety Disorders And Risk For Suicidal Ideation And Suicide Attemptsa Population-Based Longitudinal Study Of Adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry .2005, 1257-1249: (11) 62.
[4]. American Psychological Association (August, 2012). Resolution On The Recognition Of Psychotherapy Effectiveness - Approved August 2012. Washington, Dc: Apa.
[5]. Hofmann S, Asnaani A, Vonk, I., Sawyer, A., & Fang, A. The Efficacy Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review Of Meta-Analyses. Cognitive Therapy And Research, 2012: 36(5), 427-440..