iosr-JDMS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2015

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases in the world and is acquiring epidemic proportions. Indians are genetically more susceptible to diabetes compared to other races. Cardiovascular complications are the main cause of morbidity and death in diabetic patients. The objective of this study was to find out abnormalities in left ventricular function in patients of diabetes mellitus by echocardiographic measures, its correlation with glycemic control and the duration of diabetes and to compare the left ventricular function of diabetic patients with normal patients. There is an increased rate of ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy which may lead to heart failure (Diastolic and systolic heart failure) Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction represents an early stage of heart failure, without any clinical manifestations. In the view of these above facts the present study was done to assess the diastolic and systolic dysfunction in diabetic patients by echocardiography.

[1]. Dabelea D, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, RoumainJ,Knowler W C.Increasing prevalence in type 2 diabetes in American Indian Children. Diabetologia 1998;41:904-10. [2]. Harris SB, Perkins BA, Whalen –Brough E. Non – insulin –dependent diabetes mellitus among First Nations children: new entity among First Nations people of north western Ontario. Can Fam Physician 1996;42:869-76. [3]. Harrison's Internal Medicine, 18th Edition Diabetes mellitus pg.2968. [4]. Kannel W.B. Lipids, Diabetes and coronary artery Disease; Insights from Framingham study American Heart Journal 110:1100, 1985:
[5]. From AM, Scott CG, Chen HH. Changes in diastolic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus over time. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103:1463–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[6]. van Heerebeek L, Hamdani N, Handoko ML, Falcao-Pires I, Musters RJ, Kupreishvili K, et al.Diastolic stiffness of the failing diabetic heart: Importance of fibrosis, advanced glycation end products, and myocyte resting tension. Circulation. 2008;1(117):43–51. [PubMed]

Abstract: Background: Neonatal deaths account for 56% of under-5 deaths in India which is much higher than the global average of 44%. Unless looked for in the neonate, foetal malnutrition is missed. Method: The present study is undertaken at Niloufer Hospital for Children, Osmania Medical College, a tertiary paediatric care centre, to assess the nutritional status of new born at birth. A total of 125 new born babies with gestational age of 38 weeks and with no major congenital malformations are included in this study. Eight Anthropometric parameters are recorded. CAN Score are calculated for all the babies.

[1]. Metcoff J. Clinical assessment of nutritional status at birth. Fetal malnutrition and SGA are not synonymous. Pediatric clinic North Am. 1994; 41(5):875-90.
[2]. Jayant D and Rajkumar J, Study of the prevalence and high risk factors for fetal malnutrition in term newborns. Ann Trop Paediatr.,1999;19: 273–77
[3]. Altman DG and Hytten FE, Intrauterine growth retardation. Lets' be clear about it. Br J Obstet Gynaecol,1989; 96:1127-1132
[4]. World Health Organization, The Newborn infant, In: World Health Organization Physical Status: The use and interpretation of Anthropometry, Report of a WHO Expert Committee, WHO Technical Report Services, 1995
[5]. Scott KK, Usher RH. Fetal malnutrition: Incidence, causes and effects. Amer J Obstetr. 1966; 94(7):951-63.
[6]. Ballard JL, Khoury JC, Wedig K, et al. New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely
[7]. premature infants. J Pediatrics. 1991;(119); 417-423.
[8]. Alexander GR, Himes JH, Kaufman RB, Mor J, Kogan M. A United States national reference for fetal growth. Obstet Gynecol,1996;87(2):163-8.

Abstract: Background: Now-a-days in this competitive world, the intelligence quotient has a great role in the performance and outcome of Medical students when they comeout as professionals. Aim and Objective: This study was done to evaluate the intelligence of Medical students, based on their gender. Materials and Method:A cross-sectional,comparative study was done with a sample size of 140 students.Out of which 90 were female students and 50 were male students.Participants signed a consent form.The intelligence quotient was assessed by (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) WAIS test and data was analyzed by SPSS-12.

[1]. Stern 1914, pp. 48–58 (1912 original German edition by Stern); 70–84 (1914 English translation by Whipple)

[2]. Jump up^ Markus Jokela, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, Catharine R. Gale, Mika Kivimäki (2009). "Low Childhood IQ and Early Adult Mortality: The Role of Explanatory Factors in the 1958 British Birth Cohort". PEDIATRICS 124 (3): e380 – e388. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0334.

[3]. Jump up^ Deary Ian J., Batty G. David (2007). "Cognitive epidemiology". J Epidemiol Community Health 61 (5): 378–384. doi:10.1136/jech.2005.039206. PMC 2465694.PMID 17435201.

[4]. .^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Neisser, Ulrich; Boodoo, Gwyneth; Bouchard, Thomas J.; Boykin, A. Wade; Brody, Nathan; Ceci, Stephen J.; Halpern, Diane F.; Loehlin, John C.; Perloff, Robert; Sternberg, Robert J.; Urbina, Susana (1996). "Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns" (PDF). American Psychologist 51: 77–101. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.51.2.77. ISSN 0003-066X. Retrieved 9 October 2014.

[5]. Jump up^ Johnson, Wendy; Turkheimer, Eric; Gottesman, Irving I.; Bouchard Jr., Thomas J. (2009). "Beyond Heritability: Twin Studies in Behavioral Research" (PDF). Current Directions in Psychological Science 18 (4): 217–220. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01639.x. PMC 2899491. PMID 20625474.

[6]. Jump up^ Turkheimer, Eric (Spring 2008). "A Better Way to Use Twins for Developmental Research" (PDF). LIFE Newsletter (Max Planck Institute for Human Development): 2–5. Retrieved 29 June 2010.

Abstract: Maple syrup urine disease is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism of branch chain amino acids the condition is named because of distinctive sweet odour of affected infants urine. MSUD is caused by deficiency of branch chain alpha keto acid dehydrogenase enzyme complex, leading to accumulation of the branch chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) and their toxic by products(keto acids) in the blood and urine .Imaging is characterised by MSUD affecting myelinated white matter.The typical site of involvement is cerebellar white matter, brainstem, globuspallidus, thalamus, and cerebral peduncles. The disease classically presents in early neonatal period. we report a case of MSUD presenting in a 15 day neonate with classical MRI and Biochemical findings. Keywords: Maple syrup urine Disease, T2 Hyper intensities, cerebellum, brainstem, internal capsule.

[1]. Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders.chapter 3,4th edition,A.James Barkovich Pediactric Neuroimaging. Lipincott Williams and Wilkins;p 90.
[2]. Aditi Jain, K. Jagdeesh, Ranoji Mane, and Saurabh Singla Imaging in Classic Form of Maple Syrup UrineDisease:A Rare Metabolic Central Nervous System J Clin Neonatol. 2013 Apr-Jun; 2(2): 98–100.
[3]. Venkatraman and Gunaseelan: Neuroradiological findings in maple syrup urine disease Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences 2013 / Jan-Apr / Volume 8 / / 31
[4]. Leema Pauline Cornelius,B.Kannan,Viveka saravanan,Eswaradass prasanna venkatesan.intramyelinic edemain maple syrup urine disease.Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2014;17:211-3.
[5]. masudi sheetal, vishal, s., nimbal, satish patil, praveen m. m. and saurabh rathi case report of neuroradiological imaging - maple syrup urine disease international journal of current research vol. 7, issue, 03, pp.14045-14047, march, 2015
[6]. Fariello G,Dionisi-vici C,Orazi C,et al.cranial ultrasonography in maple syrup urine disease.AJNR Am Neuroradiol 1996;17:311-315.

Abstract: This pilot study was conducted to measure lip-tooth characteristics of adolescents. Pretreatment front view photograph of Class-I, Class II divison 1, Class II division 2 and Class III dental patterns. After all inclusion criteria were applied, the final sample consisted of 77 patients ( 35 male, 42 female) with a mean age of 18 years. The raw digital camera stream of each patient was edited to select a single image representing the patient's posed social smile and saved. Each image was analyzed using a vernier caliper to measure the smile index (the ratio of the inter-commissure width divided by the interlabial gap), inter-commissure width, interlabial gap, upper incisor height and width, maximum upper central incisor display, gingival display of the upper incisor, philtrum length, visible maxillary dentition, left and right buccal corridor, smile arc, most posterior maxillary teeth visible, right and left commissure height. The data were analysed using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. Overall statistically significant different were observed among malocclusion groups for parameters such as a maximum maxillary incisor exposure, interlabial gap,

[1]. Roozbeh Rashed and Farzin Heravi. Lip- tooth relationships during smiling and speech: an evaluation of different malocclusion types. Australian orthodontic journal 2010;26:153-159.
[2]. Ackerman MB, Ackerman JL. Smile analysis and design in the digital era. J Clin Orthodo 2002;36:221-36.
[3]. Isiksal E, Hazar S, Akyalcin S. Smile aesthetics: perception and comparison of treated and untreated smile. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;129:8-16.
[4]. Maulik C, Nanda R. Dynamic smile analysis in young adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial orthop 2007;132:307-15.
[5]. Ackerman MB, Brensinger C, Landis JR. An evaluation of dynamic lip-tooth characteristics during speech and smile in adolescents. Angle Orthod 2004;74:43-50.
[6]. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. the gingival smile line. Angle orthod 1992;62:91-100.

Abstract: Laparoscopic appendicectomy is one of commonest emergency surgery in most of the tertiary hospitals. Certain factors decide the conversion of laparoscopic appendicectomy surgery to open appendicectomy. Our aim is to identify these risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic appendicectomy and to predict the possibility of converting to open surgery. In retrospective collection of laparoscopic appendicectomy cases from 2008-2013 from sri ramachandra medical university hospital was used for study. Totally 780 patients were operated by laparoscopic surgery. Among these patients interval appendicectomy was 30 patients. It was excluded from the study

[1]. Comparison of open and laparoscopic appendectomy in uncomplicated appendicitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Kocataş A, Gönenç M, Bozkurt MA, Karabulut M, Gemici E, Alış H. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2013 May;19(3):200-4
[2]. Laparoscopic appendectomy: Which factors are predictors of conversion? A high-volume prospective cohort study. Antonacci N, Ricci C, Taffurelli G, Monari F, Del Governatore M, Caira A, Leone A, Cervellera M, Minni F, Cola B. Int J Surg. 2015 Sep;21:103-7.
[3]. Evaluation of procalcitonin as a biomarker of diagnosis, severity and postoperative complications in adult patients with acute appendicitis. Vaziri M, Ehsanipour F, Pazouki A, Tamannaie Z, Taghavi R, Pishgahroudsari M, Jesmi F, Chaichian S. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2014 Jul 7;28:50
[4]. Risk factors of converting to laparotomy in laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Tomoyuki Abe, Takashi Nagaie, Mitsuhiro Miyazaki, Miho Ochi, Tatsuro Fukuya and Kiyoshi Kajiyama. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2013; 6: 109–114.

Abstract: We report a rare case of a young women who presented with pneumonitis and hepatitis caused by herpes simplex virus infection, which responded successfully to acyclovir treatment. Up to 25% of patients who develop HSV hepatitis are immunocompetent14. Hepatitis secondary to infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 or 2 is a rare, frequently fulminant disease typically affecting patients with impaired immunity. Herpes simplex pneumonia may develop as a primary infection or as a reactivation of latent infection during an acute illness, especially respiratory failure. Mortality rates associated with herpes simplex virus with pneumonitis & hepatitis are high, and early diagnosis and treatment with acyclovir may produce a favourable outcome.

Key Words: Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Pneumonitis, Hepatitis, Acyclovir

[1]. Chase RA, Pottage JC Jr, Haber MH, Kistler G, Jensen D, Levin S. Herpes simplex viral hepatitis in adults: two case reports and review of the literature. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9:329-333.
[2]. Ramsey PG, Fife KH, Hackman RC, Meyers JD, Corey L. Herpes simplex virus pneumonia. Clinical, virologic and pathologic features in 20 patients. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97: 813–820.
[3]. Prellner T, Flamholc L, Haidl S, Lindholm K, Widell A. Herpes simplex virus - the most frequently isolated pathogen in the lungs of patients with severe respiratory distress. Scand J Infect Dis 1992; 24: 283– 292.
[4]. Norvell JP, Blei AT, Jovanovic BD, Levitsky J. Herpes simplex virus hepatitis: an analysis of the published literature and institutional cases. Liver Transpl 2007; 13:1428-1434.
[5]. Whitley, RJ. Herpes Simplex Virus. In: Knipe, DM.; Hensley, PM., editors. Fields Virology. Vol. 4th ed. Vol. Vol. 2. Philadelphia: Lippinscott, Williams, and Wilkins; 2001. p. 2461-2506.

Abstract: Dentin Hypersensitivity is a common oral health problem in Latur district, since problems like gutka, pan masala, tobacco chewing and smoking is more prevalent here. There is a growing awareness that Dentin Hypersensitivity has become an increasingly important condition that merits investigation from diagnostic and problem-management perspectives. Few studies have been attempted to determine its prevalence with associated risk factors.

[1]. Wang Y, Que K, Lin L, Hu D, Li X , The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in the general population in China. J Oral Rehabil 39: 2012 , 812-820.
[2]. Addy M, West NX, The role of toothpaste in the aetiology and treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Monogr Oral Sci 23: 2013, 75-87.
[3]. Cummins D, Dentin hypersensitivity: from diagnosis to a breakthrough therapy for everyday sensitivity relief. J Clin Dent 20: 2009, 1-9.
[4]. Addy M, Urquhart E. , Dentine hypersensitivity: its prevalence, aetiology and clinical management. Dent Update 1992; 19:407-8, 410-2.
[5]. Sykes LM., Dentine hypersensitivity: a review of its aetiology, pathogenesis and management.SADJ2007; 62:66–71.

Abstract: Portsmouth modification of Physiological and Operative Severity Score for Enumeration of Mortality, popularly known as P-POSSUM score, is a surgical scoring system used to assess mortality in exclusively surgical patients. The study is aimed at studying the accuracy of P-POSSUM mortality predictor equation in predicting in-patient mortality in both elective and emergency surgeries separately. These results are compared with raw mortality.

[1]. Todd 1.Guidelines to clinical Audit in Surgical Practice. Advice Document. London: Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1989.
[2]. Graham Paul Copeland, ChM Arch surg; vol 137, jan 2002:15-19
[3]. Allan P, Mary E. Components of audit. In: Surgical Audit , 2nd ed, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd. Oxford.1993.pp23-34
[4]. Allan P, Mary E. History .Audit of outcome. In: Surgical Audit, 2nd ed, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd. Oxford .1993.pp 115-194
[5]. Markus PM, Martell J, Leister I, et al. Predicting postoperative morbidity by clinical assessment. BrJ Surg 2005; 92:101-6.
[6]. ASA relative value guide 2006. Park Ridge (IL): American Society of Anesthesiologists; 2005.
[7]. Finster M, Wood M. The Apgar Score has survived the test of time. Anesthesiology 2005;102:855-7
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Abstract: Angioleiomyomas are benign mesenchymal tumours commonly occurring in the subcutis of extremities. They are typically composed of interlacing fascicles of smooth muscle cells with intermingling vascular channels. Angioleiomyomas of the uterus are rare and unique variant with only very few case reports available in literature. Herein, we report a case of this rare entity in a 37 yr old female who presented with complaints of urinary retention, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and abdominal pain at our hospital. Key Words: Angioleiomyoma, Vascular leiomyoma, Uterus

[1]. GargG,MohantySK.Uterine angioleiomyoma:a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma.Arch pathol lab med.2014 Aug;138(8):1115-8
[2]. Manimekhala P,Sumanth kumar,D.Ramani,M.KrishnaReddy.C.H,Ratna kumara.V.Uterine angioleiomyoma:A report of 2 cases
[3]. Sunitha Thomas,Laxmi Radhakrishnan, Latha Abraham, Anna Matthai.uterine angioleiomyoma with atypia,raised CA-125 levels, and Pseudo-Meigs syndrome:An Alarming Presentation.case reports in pathology.volume2012(2012),Article ID 519473
[4]. McCluggage WG,Boyde A.Uterine angioleiomyoma:a report of 3 cases of a distinctive benign leiomyoma variant [PubMed].

Abstract: Today, exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted from cell phones, telecommunication antennas and other electrical devices is unavoidable. Many people around the world, in proportion to their income, use various types of basic and smart cell phones. Therefore, in this study, efforts have been made to compare the specific absorption rate of simple cell phones with the smart phones. Electric field in two models of basic cell phones and also in two models of smart cell phones was measured by a portable device for measuring electromagnetic waves, HI-3603-VDT/VLF model.

[1]. Nakatani‐enomoto, s., et al., effects of electromagnetic fields emitted from w‐cdma‐like mobile phones on sleep in humans. Bioelectromagnetics, 2013. 34(8): p. 589-598.
[2]. Thuróczy, g., et al., personal rf exposimetry in urban area. Annals of telecommunications-annales des télécommunications, 2008. 63(1-2): p. 87-96.
[3]. Joseph, w., et al., comparison of personal radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in different urban areas across europe. Environmental research, 2010. 110(7): p. 658-663.
[4]. Guidotti, t.l., p.o.e. From, and m.f. Martinez, archives of environmental & occupational health. Archives of environmental & occupational health, 2007. 62(3).
[5]. Gajšek, p., et al., electromagnetic field exposure assessment in europe radiofrequency fields (10 mhz–6 ghz). Journal of exposure science and environmental epidemiology, 2015. 25(1): p. 37-44.

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate soft tissue,skeletal and dental changes following fixed mechanotherapy in bimaxillary protrusion cases treated with all four first premolars extractions.. Materials And Methods: The Study was conducted on 20 patients (8 males and 12 females) age ranging from 13- 20 years.All of them were treated with 1st premolar extracted followed by retraction of the upper and lower anteriors with fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy.

[1]. Farrow AK,Zarrinnia K ,Azizi K.Bimaxillary protrusion in black Americans – an esthetic evaluation and the treatment consideration.Am J Orthod dentofacial orthop.1993;104:240-250.
[2]. Rosa RA ,Arvystas BA.An epidemiologic survey of malocclusions among American negroes and American hispanics.Am J Orthod.1978;73:258-273
[3]. Keating PJ .The treatment of bimaxillary protrusion: a cephalometric consideration of changes in the inter Incisal angle and soft tissue profile.Br J Orthod.1986;13:209-220.
[4]. Rains MD ,Nanda R .soft tissue changes associated with maxillary incisor retraction .Am J Orthod.1982;81:481-488.
[5]. HR SUKHIA,soft tissue changes with retraction in bimaxillary protrusion orthodontic cases.Pakistan oral and dental Journal Vol 33,no:3. Dec 2013.

Abstract: The current descriptive sample survey explored the impact of education and locale (rural / urban) on drug anxiety (DA = Thanatophobia) young drug addicts. Although Drug Addicts are known to exhibit higher DA level than general population, this research concluded that DA level among drug addicts are independent of their educational attainment or locale.

Keywords: Drug Addiction, Death Anxiety, Thanatophobia, Education, Locale

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Abstract: Rabies a zoonotic disease prevalent worldwide, with high mortality, more than a third of global toll in India. Dogs are the common animals involved. InAmericas, bat bites are the most common source of rabies infection in humans. Rabies is caused by lyssaviruses including rabies virus and Australian bat lyssavirus. Disease produces almost fatal encephalitis in humans and in other mammals. From the point of entry, the virus is neurotropic, travelling along neural pathways into the central nervous system.

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[5]. Tintinalli JE.(2007).Emergency Medicine:A Comprehensive Study Guide(Emergency Medicine(Tintinalli).McGraw-Hill.pp Chapter 152.ISBN0-07-148480-9.Dunlop
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Abstract: The peripheral neuropathy is one of the common complications of type II diabetes mellitus along with other complications and affects both somatic and autonomic nervous system. The pharmacological treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is mainly directed for symptom control with varying extent of the effectiveness. TENS is a less expensive, non-invasive procedure useful in neuropathic pain; however, the literature evidence for its effectiveness is inconclusive and contradictory. This article aimed for a critical analysis of the available evidence on the application of TENS for the clinical treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients.

[1]. Bril, V., England, J., Franklin, G.M.et al. 2011. Evidence-based guideline: Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy. Journal of AAN. Available at: http://www.neurology.org /content/pdf/1758-1762.pdf [Accessed on: 7th December 2014].
[2]. Charnogursky, G., Lee, H. and Lopez, N. 2014. Diabetic neuropathy. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol.120. Neurologic Aspects of Systemic Diseases Part II. Elsevier.
[3]. Gossrau G.,Wähner, M., Kuschke, M.et al. 2011. Microcurrent Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. Pain Medicine, 12(6),pp.953-960.
[4]. Jin D., Xu Y., Geng D., and Yan T. 2010. Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 89, pp.10-15.
[5]. Johnson, MI. and Bjordal JM. 2011. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for themanagement of painful conditions: focus on neuropathic pain. Neurother, 11(5) pp.735-753.
[6]. Melzack, R and Wall, PD. 1965. Pain Mechanisms: A new Theory. Science,150.pp.971-979.

Abstract: Accurate and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is very important in a clinical laboratory setting to avoid treatment failure. Methods: A total of 100 non-duplicate Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected from different human clinical specimens at 8 different health institutions in Northwestern Nigeria. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify both the S. aureus specific sequence gene and mecA gene of the isolates with the amplicon size of 107 and 532 bp. To accelerate the procedure of identification in clinical microbiology laboratories, simple and rapid method for DNA extraction directlyfrom a single colony was employed. The result of the PCR was compared with conventional methods.

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[6]. Frebourg NB, Nouet D, Lemee L (1998).Comparison of ATB staph, rapid ATB staph, vitex, and E-test methods for detection of oxacillinheteroresistance in staphylococci possessing mecA.JClinMicrobiol36 : 52-7.