iosr-JDMS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2015

Abstract: Aim: To review all the cases of Peripartum Hysterectomies done between the years 2010 to 2014 at Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Chrompet, Chennai. Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective study. List derived from Parturition Register & case details from the Case Sheets. An analysis of cases of Peripartum Hysterectomy done for over a period of five years. i.e. from 2010 to 2014 at Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Chrompet, Chennai. The data collected is analyzed for Incidence, Risk Factors, Indications, Complications and Outcomes of these cases.

[1]. Parker NP, Bruner J. In : Rock JA, Jones HW (eds) Te Linde's Operative Gynecology, 9th edn. Philadelphia. Lippinocott Williams and Wilkins. 2003;829
[2]. Peripartum hysterectomy in Taiwan., Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2008. Jun : 101(3) 269 – 72 doi : 1016/j.iigo 2007.12.004. epub 2008 mar 4
[3]. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology march 1993, vol 168(3) 879 -883 doi 10.1016/s0002-9378(12)90838-8
[4]. Sinha HH, Mishra MG. Hysterectomy for obstetric emergencies. J Obstet Gynecol India 2001;51:111-
[5]. Mantri L, Maheshwari K, Chandra Kiran. Emergency Hysterectomy: A 10 years' review. J Obstet Gynecol India 1993;43:936-9.
[6]. Pawar PA, Shrotri A. Role of emergency hysterectomy in obstetris. J Obstet Gynecol India 1998;48:46-7.

Abstract: Imprint cytology (IC) is an easy, quick and inexpensive diagnostic method. IC is an accurate and simple intra operative method for diagnosing breast lesions and also used for various lesions in the body. The present study aims at comparing the touch IC with histological diagnosis, evaluating the accuracy of IC in diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of breast and to compare the validity of touch IC with Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). This was a descriptive study done in collaboration with Department of General Surgery at Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) hospital, Narketpally. Fifty cases of breast lesions were evaluated, comprising of benign & malignant lesions

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[2]. Lakhana NK, Khalid F. Morphology of breast lumps: a retrospective study. J Pak Inst Med Sci 2002; 13: 631-34.
[3]. Mansoor I, Zahrani I. Analysis of inconclusive breast FNA by triple test. J Pak Med Assoc 2002; 52: 25-28.
[4]. Bedard YC, Pollet AF. Breast fine needle aspiration. Am J Clin Pathol 1999; 111: 523-27.
[5]. Scheiden R, Sand J, Tanous AM, Knolle U, Capesius C, Wagnon MCH, et al . Accuracy of frozen section diagnosis of breast lesions after introduction of a national programme in mammographic screening. Histopathology 2001; 39: 74-84.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study was to find out whether a relationship exists between the position of palatally impacted canines, focused on vertical position and inclination of palatally impacted upper canines on lateral cephalograms taken prior to orthodontic therapy, and the treatment duration. Material and Method: Forty – seven palatally impacted canines were measured in 44 lateral cephalograms prior to treatment. The measured parameters were: vertical distance of the canine crown and inclination of the canine long axis to the occlusal plane on lateral cephalograms. Duration of treatment of the impacted canine was established as the time period between commencement of an active traction till the canine was aligned into the dental arch.

[1] J. D. Preston, The golden proportion revisited, Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 5(6), 1993, 247-251.
[2] B. Zachrisson, Buccal uprighting of canines and premolars for improved smile esthetics and stability, World Journal of Orthodontics, 7(4), 2006, 406 – 412.
[3] G. G. Nordquist, R.W. McNeill, Orthodontic vs. restorative treatment of the congenitally absent lateral incisor – long term periodontal and occlusal evaluation, Journal of Periodontology, 46(3), 1975, 139 – 143.
[4] J. Kurol, S. Ericson, J. O. Andreasen, The impacted maxillary canine, in: J. O. Andreasen, J. Kolsen – Petersen, D. M. Laskin (Eds.). Textbook and color atlas of tooth impactions, (København: Munksgaard, 1997), 125-175
[5] S. Ericson, J. Kurol, Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines, European Journal of Orthodontics, 10(1), 1988, 283–295.
[6] S. Ericson, J. Kurol, Radiographic examination of ectopically erupting maxillary canines, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 91(6), 1987, 483-492.

Abstract: Background And Objectives: Wound dehiscence/burst abdomen is a very serious post-operative complication associated with high morbidity and mortality. The need for this study is to highlight the risk factors for wound dehiscence and remedial measures to prevent or reduce the incidence of wound dehiscence. This will certainly reduce mortality and morbidity in the form of prolonged hospital stay, increased economic burden on health care resources.

[1]. Savage A, Lamont M. Wound dehiscence, incisional hernia, and parastomal hernia. Morris PJ, Wood WC,edts.,Oxford text book of surgery.2nd edn. Alison Langton; 2000;p.1883
[2]. Nyhus and Condon's hernia. Diagnostic and Imaging of abdominal wall hernia 5th edition;
[3]. Mahmoud N. Kulaylat, MD Merril T. Dayton, MD. Surgical complications. Sabiston text book of surgery 19th edn.p283-284.
[4]. Afzal S., Bashir M.M. Determinants of Wound Dehiscence in Abdominal Surgery in Public Sector Hospital. Annals vol14. NO. 3 jul-sept. 2008
[5]. Bryan M.Burt, Ali Tavakkolizadeh,Stephen J.Ferzoco. Incisions, Closures, and Management of the Abdominal Wound. Maingots abdominal operation 11th edn:97-99.
[6]. Gabrie¨lle H. van Ramshorst • Jeroen Nieuwenhuizen •Wim C. J. Hop • Pauline Arends • Johan Boom . Johannes Jeekel • Johan F. Lange. Abdominal Wound Dehiscence in Adults: Development and Validation of a Risk Model.World J Surg (2010) 34:20–27.
[7]. Spiliotis J, Konstantino S, Tsiveriotis, Datsis AD, Archodaula, Georgios et al. Wound Dehiscence. World Journal of Emergency surgery 2009;4:12.

Abstract: Objective: To study the association of absolute eosinophil count (AEC) and nasal symptoms using Nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale in allergic rhinitis Methods: The study was conducted in a medical college hospital over a period of one year. Patients having symptoms of allergic rhinitis like sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhoea, nasal congestion, eye watering and itching, pharyngeal itching were included as a part of the study. A detailed clinical examination was performed, NOSE scale form was given to the patient and scoring was done according to the marks on each question, and AEC values were assessed.

[1]. Asher MI, Montefort S, Bjorksten B, Lai CK, Strachan DP, Weiland SK, et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet 2006;368: 733–743.
[2]. Small P, Frenkiel S, Becker A, Boisvert P, Bouchard J MD, Carr S, Cockcroft D, Denburg J, Desrosiers M, Gall R, Hamid Q, Hébert J, Javer A, Keith P, Kim H, Lavigne F, Lemièr C, Massoud E, Payton K, Schellenberg B, Sussman G, Tannenbaum D, Watson W, Witterick I, Wright E, The Canadian Rhinitis Working Group: Rhinitis: A practical and comprehensive approach to assessment and therapy. J Otolaryngol 2007, 36(Suppl 1):S5-S27.
[3]. Dykewicz MS, Hamilos DL: Rhinitis and sinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010, 125:S103-115.
[4]. Bourdin A, Gras D, Vachier I, Chanez P: Upper airway 1: Allergic rhinitis and asthma: united disease through epithelial cells. Thorax 2009, 64:999-1004.

Abstract: Various antibiotics are known to elicit side effects which may include toxicity to different body organs. Hence, the present study investigated the effect of ciprofloxacin (a wide-spectrum antibiotic) on hepatobilliary system in albino rats. Twenty (20) adult male albino rats were divided into five groups of four rats each. Groups A, B, C and D were treated orally with 3.57, 7.14, 14.28 and 21.42mg/kg body weights of ciprofloxacin solution respectively for seven consecutive days, while group E served as the control. The serum activity of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were used to access the hepatotoxicity of the drug. There was a decrease in physical activities, feed and water intake in the treated groups, while the control showed no noticeable changes. The average body weight of the treated animals decreased, while that of the control increased. The total protein concentration of treated groups was not significantly different (P>0.05) from that of the control. The activities of the enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) in the serum of the albino rats in the test groups were found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) from that of the control. This effect was found to vary among the doses. These findings are indicative that ciprofloxacin (an antibiotic) may be toxic to the cells of the hepatobilliary system.

[1]. Anthony, G. S. (2011). Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia and AST levels. Journal of Hematology, 4: 245-247.
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[3]. Bach, M. E., Wise, R., Andrew, J. M. and Edward, L. J. (2002). In vitro activity of Bay 09867, a new quinoline derivative, compared with those of other antimicrobial agents. 23(4): 559-564.
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[7]. Bizzaro, N. and Tremolada, F, C. (2003). Serum alanine aminofransforaso Levels among Volunteer blood Donors: effect of sex, alcohol intake and obesity. Journal of Gastro-entormology.24(2): 37-41.
[8]. Bolhius, M. S., Panday, P. N., Pranger, A. D., Kosterink, J. G. and Alffenaar, J. W. (2011). Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antimicrobial drugs. Journal of Pharmaceutics 3(4): 865- 913.

Abstract: The use of painkil tablet (analgesic) has been reported to show some toxic effect. This research was set up to determine the possible toxicity of painkil tablet (analgesic) to the pancreas of albino rats. Twenty albino rats were grouped into five groups of four rats each. Groups A, B, C and D were treated orally with doses of 4.0, 8.0, 14.0 and 21.0mg/kg respectively of the drug solution for seven days while animals in group E were kept as control. Treatment of the animals with the drug solution/sample resulted to a decrease in physical activities, body weight, feed and water intake during the days of treatment while the control increased in body weight. Measurement of total protein concentration showed significant decrease between the test and control groups (P< 0.05). The amylase activity in the serum of the albino rats in the test groups was found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) from that of the control, the effect was found to vary among the doses. The findings in this research suggest that painkil tablet maybe toxic to the pancreas especially at high doses.

[1]. Backonja, A. A. and Rowbowthan, C. E. (2011). Neuropathy and pain associated with it. Pharmacological Therapy, 107(5):1-40.
[2]. Conaghan, P. G. (2012). A turbulent decade for NSAIDs: Update on current concepts of classification, epidemiology, comparative efficacy and toxicity". Rheumatol International. 32(6):1491-502.
[3]. Conaghram, P. G. (2012). "A turbulent decade for NSAIDs update on current concepts of classification, epidemiology and toxicity". Rheumatol International 32(6):1491-502.
[4]. Dukes, M. N. G. and Jeffrey, K. A. (2000). Meyler's side effects of Drugs, Vol XIV. Elsevier.
[5]. Dulta, R. E. (2007). Cyclooxygenase inhibitory and antioxidant compounds from the mycelia of the edible mushroom, Journal of Agricultural Food Chemical. 50 (26): 7581-5.
[6]. Dworkin, R. H. (2003). Advances in Neuropathic pain: Diagnosis, mechanisms and treatment Recommendations: Pain sensation, 60(11):1524-34.
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[8]. Edwards, E. F. (2003). Two non-neurotoxic 5-HT releasers in vivo, differ from neurotoxic amino-phetamine derivatives in their mode of action at 5-HT nerve endings in vitro. Journal of Neurochemistry, 82(6):1435-43.

Abstract: Nasolabial cyst is a rare non-odontogenic, soft-tissue, developmental cysts occurring inferior to the nasal alar region. The cyst is derived from epithelial cells retained in the mesenchyme after fusion of the medial and lateral nasal processes and the maxillary prominence during fetal life or due to the persistence of epithelial remnants from the nasolacrimal duct extending between the lateral nasal process and the maxillary prominence. In this paper, we report a case of nasolabial cyst in a male which is a rare predilection and discuss about the clinical, radiological findings of a nasolabial cyst and consideration related to diagnosis.

Keywords: Nasolabial cyst, non-odontogenic cyst, developmental cyst, soft tissue cyst, Klestadt cyst.

[1]. K. El-Din and A. A. el-Hamd, "Nasolabial cyst: a report of eight cases and a review of the literature," Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 113, no. 8, pp. 747–749, 1999.

[2]. Walsh-Waring GP. Naso-alveolar cysts: aetiology, presentation and treatment. J Laryngol Otol 1967;81:263-76.

[3]. Raphael Navarro Aquilino , Vitor José Bazzo , Reinaldo José Antônio Faria , Nayene Leocádia Manzutti Eid , Frab Norberto Bóscolo . Nasolabial cyst: presentation of a clinical case with CT and MR images.Brazilian Journal of otorhinolaryngology 74 (3) May /June 2008.

[4]. Fishman RA. Pathologic quiz case 2: nasolabial (nasoalveolar) cyst. Arch Otolaryngol 109: 348-351, 1983.

[5]. Liu ES, Kridel RW. Evaluation of nasoalveolar cysts for the plastic surgeon. Arch Facial Plast Surg 5:185-188, 2003.

[6]. Barzilai M. Case report: bilateral nasoalveolar cysts. Clin Radiol 49:140-141, 1994.

Abstract: Blunt ocular trauma can lead to a myriad of ocular complications involving the anterior segment, posterior segment or both. Commotio retinae is a condition resulting from a countercoup mechanism, which can present with varying grades of visual impairment depending on the severity of the inciting injury. When very severe it can lead to acute visual loss. It is referred to as Berlin's edema when it involves the macula. Although recovery of vision is common, some patients may sustain a permanent visual impairment if it results in retinal pigment epithelial changes in the macula. We report a series of 4 consecutive cases of Commotio retinae (Berlin's edema) who showed signs of anatomic recovery with concurrent improvement in visual acuity.

Keywords: Berlin's edema, blunt ocular trauma, Commotio retinae..

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[2] Wolter JR. Coup-countercoup mechanism of ocular injuries. Am J Ophthalmol.1963;56:785-796.
[3] Hui YN, Wu YQ, Xiao QS et al. Repair of outer blood-retinal barrier after severe ocular trauma in rabbits. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1993;231:365-369.
[4] Blight R, Hart JC. Structural changes in the outer retinal layers following blunt mechanical non-perforating trauma to the globe : an experimental study. Br J Ophthalmol. 1977; 61:573-587.
[5] Mansour AM, Green WR, Hogge C. Histopathology of commotio retinae. Retina. 1992;12:24-28.

Abstract: Background & objectives: Chronic bullous disease of childhood is a rare autoimmune skin condition which results in clusters of blisters developing in rings often on the face or genitals. The aim of the present study was to estimate the incidence of the bullous dermatoses in childhood Materials & methods: All the patients (n=30) were subjected to detailed history taking and clinical examination. Their particulars regarding age, sex, occupation, personal and family history, presenting complaints, duration, general condition and finding on clinical examination were recorded.

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[3]. Antiga E, Caproni M, Fabbri P. Linear immunoglobulin a bullous dermatosis: need for an agreement on diagnostic criteria. Dermatol Basel Switz. 2013;226(4):329–32.
[4]. Lowe LB, Jr. HEreditary epidermolysis bullosa. Arch Dermatol. 1967 Jun 1;95(6):587–95.

Abstract: Back ground: Adolescent form the important part of our population. But still their health needs remain ill served. They need health awareness in many areas such as malnutrition anemia, menstrual hygiene, STD and HIV/AIDS. Lack of sufficient knowledge makes them vulnerable to many undesirable social problems. Objectives: To know the level of awareness regarding reproductive knowledge and awareness regarding STD and HIV/AIDS Setting design: A study was carried in rural village Chandragiri near Tirupati town A.P as cross sectional study. The stud was conducted in four government institutions among 300 boys and 300 girls of 14-17 years age group of adolescent.

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[3]. Singh 8.M. and Vashist S. (1995) : Knowledge and attitude of adolescent girls towards AIDS in a resettlement area of Delhi. Indian Journal of preventive and social medicine, 27, 96-101.
[4]. Lakhan Pal U., Kakar M.L., Harcharan Singh. And Sarla Manchandran. (1980) : A study on knowledge and attitudes of school students towards population dynamics, family size and human reproduction. Indian Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine, 2, 48-52.
[5]. Aggarwal A.K.and Kumar R. (1996) Awareness of AIDS among school children in Haryana Indian Journal of Public Health, 40, 38-45.
[6]. Sharma AK., Virendra N.S., Kant. S., Chobey D., and Baradwaj A (1997) : knowledge, attitude, belief and practice study on AIDS among senior secondary students. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 22, 168-171.
[7]. Thakor H.G. and Kumar P. (1998) : Need assessment for sex education among the school children. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 23, 62-8.
[8]. Shally Awasthi. and Vinod Kumar Pande. (1998) : Sexual behaviour pattern and knowledge of STDsin adolescent boys in urban slums of Lucknow. Indian Paediatrics, 35, 1105-8.

Abstract: Peritonitis is frequently associated side effect of peritoneal dialysis of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).Clinical symptoms of CAPD include abdominal pain, tenderness, often rebound, and cloudy dialysate fluid. Common pathogens are 60% to 80% Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp.Nasal carriage ofS.Aureus is associated with and increased risk of catheter-exit site infection.Encapsulatingsclerosis peritonitis (ESP) occurs in 1% to 5% of patients. Increased duration of peritoneal dialysis has been assumed to be a risk factor for ESP. Diagnosis is made when microorganisms and increased number of leukocytes, dialysate turbidity in combination of clinical findings Vancomycin, ceftazidime, cefepime, carbapenem and fluoroquinolone are antimicrobials of choice..

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[4]. PirainoR,BailieGR,BernardiniJ,etal.ISPD guidelines/recommendations.Peritoneal dialysis-related infections recommendations:2005 update.Perit Dial Int.2005;25:107-131.
[5]. VoinescuCG,KhannaR.Peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis. In J ArtifOrgans.2002;25:249-60.
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Abstract: Radon 222 and Thoron (Radon 220) are of colorless, odorless and radioactive gases that can be emitted from igneous rocks such as granite. A sources of granite rocks is masonry workshops. In this cross-sectional study, concentrations of radon 222 and Thoron in the indoor and outdoor air inthe masonry workshop in Minab city by portable radon detector RTM1688-2 model were measured in two levels. Also Effective dose received by radon 222 and Thoron was calculated by UNSCEAR equations. Finally, comparing the effective dose of radon 222 and Thoron was performed by statistical Pair sample t test. The mean and mean concentration of radon 222 and indoor air of masonry workshop 1 is 76-186 Bq/m3 and 120±29, respectively. Also, the range and mean concentrations of radon 222 in indoor air of masonry workshop 2 is 95-214 Bq/m3 and 148±38Bq/m3. Range and mean concentration of Thoron indoor air in the workshop masonry 1 is 27-65 Bq/m3 and 42±10Bq/m3. Also, the range and mean concentrationof Thoron indoor air in the masonry workshop 2 is 33-75 Bq/m3 and 52±13Bq/m3..

[1]. Taylor-Lange, S.C., et al., The contribution of fly ash toward indoor radon pollution from concrete. Building and Environment, 2012. 56: p. 276-282.
[2]. Janik, M., Y. Omori, and H. Yonehara, Influence of humidity on radon and thoron exhalation rates from building materials. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2015. 95: p. 102-107.
[3]. Topçu, N., et al., Radon exhalation rate from building materials using CR-39 nuclear track detector. Indoor and Built Environment, 2013. 22(2): p. 384-387.
[4]. Fakhri, Y. and M. Mirzaei, Effective dose received Radon 222 tap drinking water in the Age groups humans.
[5]. Fakhri, Y., et al., Effective Dose Radon 222 of the Tap Water in Children and Adults People; Minab City, Iran. Global Journal of Health Science, 2015. 8(4): p. 234-243.
[6]. Organization, W.H., WHO handbook on indoor radon: a public health perspective. 2009: World Health Organization.
[7]. Radiation, U.N.S.C.o.t.E.o.A., Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. UNSCEAR 2000 report to the General Assembly, with scientific annexes. Volume II: Effects. 2000.
[8]. Fakhri, Y. and M. Mirzaei, Survey on difference between the concentration of radon indoor air of black cement with decorative stones warehouses. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) 2015. 9(9): p. 26-29.

Abstract: The radiologist has a pivotal role in evaluation of 'spinal trauma' with objective to eliminate the possibility of further damage and to identify the lesions which can be corrected, and to evaluate the prognosis . The imaging evaluation of spinal cord injury (SCI) has undergone a remarkable evolution with the development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Although plain radiographs, myelographyand computed tomography were once the mainstay of spinal imaging, the MRI has recently become a necessity in the management of SCI. The vertebral column, spinal cord, and adjacent soft tissue structures and neural compression can directly be imaged by MRI. The information provided by MR imaging has radically changed our abilities to access the patient in the emergent period and has altered our understanding of pathophysiology of SCI and its prognosis.

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[3]. Kulkarni, MV; McArdle, CB; Kopanicky, D et al: Acute spinal cord injury: MR imaging at 1.5T. Radiology 1987; 164: 837-843.

[4]. Beers, GJ; Raque, GH; Wagner, GG et al: MR imaging in acute cervical spine trauma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1988; 12:755-761.

[5]. Flanders, AE; Schaefer, DM; Doan, HT et al: Acute cervical spine trauma – correlation of MR imaging findings with degreeof neurologic deficit. Radiology 1990; 177:25-33. [6]. Kerslake, RW; Jaspan. T and Worthington , BS: Magnetic resonance imaging of spinal trauma. Br J Radiol 1991; 386-402.

[7]. Goldberg, AL; Rothfus, WE; Deeb, ZL et al : Hyperextension injuries of the cervical spine- Magnetic resonance findings. Skeletal Radiol 1989; 18:283-288.

Abstract: Introduction: Palatal injection still remains a painful experience for patients, and this pain is attributed to the presence of rich nerve complement and displacement of palatal mucosa during anesthesia. Objective: The aim of the present study was to demonstrate if lidocaine HCl could provide palatal anesthesia if given buccally during maxillary tooth removal without the need for a palatal injection. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 70 patients, and 30 were controls. All the patients in the study group had unilateral extractions. In 70 patients, 2 ml of 2% lidocaine HCl with 1:65,000 epinephrine was injected into the buccal vestibule of tooth indicated for extraction without palatal injection. After 8-10 min, the extraction of maxillary tooth was carried out. Thirty subjects in the control group underwent same protocol with palatal injection. All the patients completed a100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) after extraction.

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[2]. Meechan JG, Winter RA. A comparison of topical anesthesia and electronic nerve stimulation for reducing the pain of intra oral injections. Br Dent J 1996;181:333-5.
[3]. Meechan JG. Effective topical anesthetic agents and techniques. Dent Clin North AM 2002;46:759-66.
[4]. Harbert H. Topical ice: Precursor to palatal injections. J Endod 1989;15:27-8.
[5]. Friedman MJ, Jochman MN. A 21 st century computerized injection system for local pain control. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1997;18:995-1000.
[6]. Uckan S, Dayangac E, Araz K. Is permanent maxillary tooth removal without palatal injection possible? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 102: 733-5. Donaldson D, Meechan JG. A Comparison of the effects of EMLA cream and topical 5% lidocaine on pain free gingival probing depth. Anesth Prog 1995;42:7-10.

Abstract: About 0.5% of Indian population is affected by oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and it has generated considerable interest in medical science field because it is posing a major health problem. Along with OSMF, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) comprises a bulk of all oral malignancies, and it has been proven by studying that OSMF has 7-13% malignant potential. Hence, the study was carried out to study collagen fiber histopathologically for the orientation and thickness of collagen fibers in OSMF, OSCC and OSCC with OSMF with picrosirius red staining and was examined with polarizing microscope.

[1]. Parveen S, Ahmed SA, Tanveer S. A Study on Orientation of Collagen Fibers in Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Group. 2013;10:21–7.
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[3]. Smitha B, Donoghue M. Clinical and histopathological evaluation of collagen fiber orientation in patients with oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol JOMFP. 2011;15(2):154.
[4]. Kalele K, Managoli N, Roopa N, Kulkarni M, Bagul N, Kheur S. Assessment of collagen fiber nature, spatial distribution, hue and its correlation with invasion and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma and surgical margins using Picro Sirius red and polarized microscope. J Dent Res Rev. 2014;1(1):14.
[5]. Aparna V, Charu S. Evaluation of collagen in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma by using the Picrosirius red stain-a histochemical study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2010;4:3444–9.
[6]. Ashalata G, Baghirath P, Krishna A, Kumar P, Tom A. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of collagen in oral submucous fibrosis. J Dr NTR Univ Health Sci. 2012;1(2):99.

Abstract: The aim of this clinical study was to compare the use of two different force magnitudes (100 gm and 200 gm) with indirect mini-screw implant anchorage, and evaluating the rate of canine movement, amount of molar anchorage loss, canine disto-buccal rotation and canine mesio-distal tipping. The sample consisted of 15 adult female patients (mean age, 19.4 years) requiring therapeutic extraction of the maxillary first premolars, with subsequent retraction of the maxillary canines. Nickel-titanium closing coil springs delivered a force of 100 g or 200 g were used to retract the canines after an alignment and stabilization period. The force delivered was measured using a push–pull force gauge. Maxillary cast measurements were made at the beginning of canine retraction (T0) and every 28 days for 84 days (T1, T2, T3) to assess canine retraction rates. Photocopies of pre-retraction and post-retraction maxillary casts were taken to measure molar anchorage loss and canine rotation. Pre-retraction and post-retraction panoramic radiographs were taken to measure canine tipping. The amount of initial tooth movement (T0-T1) was not related to force magnitude.

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Abstract: Background: The metabolic syndrome includes a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that confers increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. A quarter of the world's adults have metabolic syndrome. People with metabolic syndrome are twice as likely to die from, and three times as likely to have a heart attack or stroke compared with people without the syndrome. People with metabolic syndrome have a five-fold greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This puts metabolic syndrome and diabetes way ahead of HIV/AIDS in morbidity and mortality terms yet the problem is not as well recognized.

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[3]. Eckel RH. The Metabolic Syndrome. In : Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine.18th edition. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012.p.1992-1997.
[4]. Misra A, Khurana L. The metabolic syndrome in South Asians: epidemiology, determinants, and prevention. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2009 Dec; 7(6):497-514.
[5]. Lisak M, Demarin V, Trkanjec Z, Basic-kes V. Hypertriglyceridemia as a possible independent risk factor for stroke. Acta Clin Croat.2013 Dec; 52(4):458-63.
[6]. Sawant A, Mankeshwar R, Shah S, Raghavan R, Dhongde G, Raje H. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban India. Cholesterol.2011; Article ID 920983.

Abstract: Background: Most of the abdominal malignancies on explorationwere found to be unresectable or inoperable.Despite advances in radiology, pre- operative imaging studies are far less accuratein staging.Staging of the malignancy is very important that each patient receives necessary treatment with less morbidity. This study evaluates peritoneal and liver tumour deposits, which were not detected on pre -operative imaging.

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[7]. Muntean V, Oniu T, Lungoci C, Fabian O, Munteanu D, Molnar G et al. Staging laparoscopy in digestive cancers. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2009 Dec;18(4):461-7.

Abstract: Thanatophoric dysplasia, the most common of the congenital lethal skeletal dysplasias occurs spradically,. It is characterized by short limbs, small conical thorax, platyspondyly and macrocephaly. The affected fetus usually dies within the first 48 hours of life because of pulmonary hypoplasia. Medical Termination of Pregnancy was done in a primigravida diagnosed with Thanatophoric dysplasia at 20 weeks of gestation. The fetus was born with a narrow thorax, macrocephaly and short curved femurs characteristic of type 1 of the Thanatophoric dysplasia.

Keywords: dwarfism, dysplasia, lethal, skeletal, thanatophoric

[1]. Chandrasekharan N, Bhide A. Fetal Dysmorphology. in: Bhide A, Arulkumaran S, Damanio KK, Daftary SN(Eds.), Practical Guide to HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY & DELIVERY, A South Asian Perspective. 4 (India, Reed Elsevier India Private Limited, 2015) p22.
[2]. Abdulkadir AY, Isyaher K, Dare A, Abdullahi SG, Idies SK, Tabari AM, Prenatal Third trimester Sonographic Behaviour of a Thanatophoric Dwarfs., Journal of Prenatal Medicine 2008, 2(4), 42-46.
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Abstract: Palmaris longus (PL) is the most variable muscle in the human body. The anatomy of PL is of interest due to its role in reconstructive plastic surgeries as a donor for transplant. The present study was conducted to determine the incidence of unilateral and bilateral agenesis of PL. A total of 610 participants 287 males and 323 females belonging to 20 – 70 years were used to access the PL tendon using tendon examination techniques, Schaeffer's test and Thompson's test. The collected data were processed, computed and analyzed by using SPSS software version 22.The agenesis of PL with gender and ethnicity were assessed using Chi-square tests with a statistical significance of p < 0.05 The participants are 184 Malays, 167 Chinese, 167 Indians and 92 from other races. The overall absence of palmaris longus was found in 62 (10.2%) of cases, unilateral absence in 46 (7.5%) of cases and bilateral absence in 16 (2.6%) of cases. The agenesis was 11.1% in males and 9.3% in females. Malay race had the highest prevalence of agenesis of PL with 10.3%, followed by the Indian race with 9.0% and the Chinese race with 7.2%.

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[2]. AM Thidar, TT Myint, DKS Naing, and ZA Mustapha. Palmaris Longus Agenesis (PLA) among Dusun & Bajau ethnic groups of Northern Borneo. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. 2013, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp 386-397.
[3]. SA Roohi, L Choon-Sian, A Shalimar, GH Tan, AS Naicker. A Study on the Absence of Palmaris Longus in a Multiracial Population. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal. 2007, Vol 1, No 1, pp 26-28.
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Abstract: Scrub typhus also known as tsutsugamushi disease is caused by orientia tsutatsugamushi which is transmitted to humans by bite of tromiculid mites(chiggers).It presents as an acute febrile illness with gastrointestinal symptoms and development of characteristic eschar lesion in the classical cases. We report case of two soldiers who travelled to possible mite endemic area at Indo Myanmar border and presented with acute febrile illness after two weeks of their return journey,Eschar was found in both of them and prompt treatment with doxycycline showed marked clinical, biochemical and hematological improvement.

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Abstract: Hypertension is the major public health problems and it is prevalent all over the world. Aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for hypertension among cases admitted in the department of general medicine, GGH, Guntur, AP, India. Present study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Government General Hospital/Guntur Medical College, Guntur, AP, India. It is a prospective observational study, over a period of six months from January to July 2015.

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