iosr-JDMS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2015

Abstract: Background: Allergic Rhinitis is one of the commonest atopic diseases with greater morbidity and significant social and economic burden. The new classification given by Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma is according to its severity and duration. Objective: To study the effect of allergic rhinitis using Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) definitions to determine its severity and to determine the effectiveness of Drugs in the aspect of symptom control and better quality of life and determine percentage of case requiring surgery for their anatomical abnormalities causing obstruction.

[1] Scadding G, Durham S. Allergic rhinitis. In: Gleeson M, editors. Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery 7th ed. (London UK: Edward Arnold; 2008)1386-1407.
[2] Pawankar R, Mori S, Ozu C, Kimura S. Overview on the pathomechanisms of allergic rhinitis. Asia Pac Allergy. 2011;1(3):157-67.
[3] Nathan RA. The burden of allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007;28(1):3-9.
[4] Dykewicz MS, Fineman S. Executive summary of joint task force practice parameters on diagnosis and management of rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998;81(5):463-8.
[5] Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz A, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA). Allergy. 2008:63 Suppl 86:8-160.

Abstract: Gastric Cancer is one of the major causes of cancer specific deaths worldwide and incidence of Proximal Gastric Cancer is increasing with time. Laparoscopic gastrectomy has increased in popularity in recent years due to lesser complications and higher functional preservation. In this study we have compared the peri-operative findings of 72 patients with proximal gastric cancers who underwent tumor excision surgery and were diveded into two groups according to different surgical approach; Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy and Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy.

[1]. Tang, H.N. and J.H. Hu, A comparison of surgical procedures and postoperative cares for minimally invasive laparoscopic gastrectomy and open gastrectomy in gastric cancer. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2015. 8(7): p. 10321-9.
[2]. Lianos, G.D., et al., BMI and lymph node ratio may predict clinical outcomes of gastric cancer. Future Oncol, 2014. 10(2): p. 249-55.
[3]. Kitano, S., et al., Laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc, 1994. 4(2): p. 146-8.
[4]. Goh, P., et al., The technique of laparoscopic Billroth II gastrectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc, 1992. 2(3): p. 258-60.
[5]. Lee, S.W., et al., Long-term oncologic outcomes from laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a single-center experience of 601 consecutive resections. J Am Coll Surg, 2010. 211(1): p. 33-40.
[6]. Jeong, G.A., et al., Laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Surgery, 2009. 146(3): p. 469-74.

Abstract: Somatometric measurements on 600 males and 400 females in the age group 18 yrs to 25 yrs of Meitei population of Manipur valley only had been grouped into the range variation of certain measurements and indices used by Saller, Martin, Lebzelter and others. The present findings on these " stock" on high prevalence rates after being grouped into the given "range variation" of the sexes were: - (i) From the measurements – lower medium stature, medium head length and breath, medium breath of bizygomatic arch, low facial height for males and medium facial height for females; and above medium nasal breadth for males.

[1]. Brown R. Statical Account of Manipur, 1873.
[2]. Dun E W. Gazetteer of Manipur, Calcutta. 1856,
[3]. Hudson T C. The Meiteis, London. 1908
[4]. Johnstone J. Manipur and Naga Hills, London. 1896.
[5]. Dastider M G and Gupta R. Age Changes in Anthropometric Characters among the Sherpas of the Eastern Himalaya: Altitude Effect. J. India Anthrop.Soc.23: 232-41 1988.

Abstract: Objectives:
1. To identify the spectrum of diseases leading to acute abdomen presenting to General surgery department.
2. Sensitivity , specificity , positive predictive value and negative predictive value of different investigations results.
3. Diagnostic accuracy of acute abdomen confirmed by operative findings.
4. Rate of negative laparotomy.
5. Age and sex incidence ratio.

[1]. De Dombal FT : Diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, London,1991
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[3]. Graff LG , Robinson D : Abdominal pain and emergency department evaluation. Emerg Med Clin North Am 19 : 123-136, 2001
[4]. History and examination of abdomen , Short Practice of surgery , Bailey & Loves 25thed, ch : 25, p961
[5]. Townsend : Sabiston Text bookof surgery, 18t ed, ch45- acute abdomen- Russell G.Postier, MD, Ronald A .Squires, MD
[6]. Lewis FR, Holcroftjw, Boey j, et l appendicitis : A critical review of diagnosis and management in 1000 cases, Arch surg 110: 677, 1975

Abstract: Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Many trials have demonstrated that each percentage point reduction in HbA1c was associated with a 35% reduction in micro vascular complications.A combination of Metformin-Pioglitazone versus Metformin-Glimepiride was compared for better selection of drugs to reduce HbA1c, FBS and PPBS.Two groups, group A (Metformin-Pioglitazone) and Group B (Metformin-Glimepiride) each with 30 patients for 6 months were selected. After 6 months of therapy levels of HbA1c, FBS and PPBS levels were estimated and compared with baseline values.

[1]. Bastaki S., Diabetes mellitus and its treatment, Int J Diabetes & Metabolism, 2005, 13, 111-134.
[2]. Dipirio J.T., Talbert R.L., Yee G.C., Wells B.G., Pharmacotherapy: A pathophysiologic approach, 6th ed., Mc. Graw Hill Medical publishing division, 1999. 1333-1364.
[3]. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus American Diabetes Association position statement DIABETES CARE, VOLUME 27,SUPPLEMENT 1, JANUARY 2004.
[4]. Defronzo R. A., Pharmacologic Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Ann.Intern. Med., 1999.131 (4), 281-303.
[5]. Garber A., Klein E., Bruce S., Sankoh S., and Mohideen P., 2006. Metformin glibenclamide versus metformin plus rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin monotherapy Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2006,8, 156–163.

Abstract: Cutis laxa is a rare condition involving the skin.There is loss of resilience, texture and quality of skin. The inherited form of cutis laxa is ratheruncommon. Some 400 families have been reported inliterature until now. The majority of the various subtypesof cutis laxa syndromes affectconnectivetissue development through structural gene defects. Inmost of the patients there is a strong histologicalevidence demonstrating an abnormal structure of elastinfibers and the associated extracellular matrix network of the skin.

[1]. Urban Z, Gao J, Pope FM, Davis EC: Autosomal dominant cutislaxa with severe lung disease: synthesis and matrix deposition ofmutant tropoelastin. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124: 1193– 1199.
[2]. Morava E, Wopereis S, Coucke P et al: Defective proteinglycosylation in patients with cutis laxa syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2005; 13: 414– 421
[3]. Davidson JM, Giro MG (2002) Cutis laxa andpremature aging syndromes. In: Royce PM,Steinmann B (eds). Connective Tissue and ItsHeritable Disorders: Molecular, Genetic, andMedical Aspects. Wiley-Liss: New York. Pp525–60
[4]. Shah-Desai SD, Collins AL, Tyers AG (1999)Surgical correction of entropion and excessupper eyelid skin in congenital cutis laxa: acase report. Orbit 18:53–8
[5]. Thomas WO, Moses MH, Craver RD, Galen WK(1993) Congenital cutis laxa: a case reportand review of loose skin syndromes. Ann Plast

Abstract: Pharmacotherapy with multiple agents before, during and after surgery is marked in present day indoor hospital setting. The main objective of drug utilization research being to assess the rationality of drug use, the present study intends to evaluate the drug utilization patterns using WHO/INRUD indicators in the inpatient ward of department of surgery in a teaching hospital of Eastern India ; and to assess how much it conforms to standard treatment guidelines. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted for 2 months in which 75 prescriptions were screened. In an average 6.27 ± 1.31 (mean ± SD) were prescribed per patient, with all of them receiving at least one injection and 78.67 % of the cases being given an antibiotic.

[1]. WHO: the selection of essential drugs .WHO technical report 1977; serial no-615:36.Geneva: World Health Organization, 1977.
[2]. WHO: how to investigate drug use in health facilities: selected drug use indicators. WHO/DAP93, 1993.Geneva, World Health Organization, 1993.
[3]. Introduction to drug utilization research by WHO, printed in Oslo,Norway,2003:6-17.
[4]. Sacristán JA, Soto J.Drug utilisation studies as tools in health economics.Pharmacoeconomics. 1994 Apr;5(4):299-312.
[5]. Bachhav SS, Kshirsagar NA. Systematic review of drug utilization studies & the use of the drug classification system in the WHO-SEARO Region. Indian J Med Res. 2015 Aug;142(2):120-9. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.164223.
[6]. The Pursuits of Responsible Use of Medicines Sharing and Learning from Country Experience. 2010 May; WHO/EMP/MAR/2012.32.WHO Fact sheet N'338.

Abstract: Regulations on Graduate Medical Education (GME,2012) recommends an undergraduate medical education program aimed at creating an 'Indian Medical Graduate' (IMG) possessing sufficient knowledge, skills, attitude, values and responsiveness in order to function effectively. National committees have agreed upon the need to develop a 'formal curriculum' to inculcate professionalism among Undergraduate Medical Students (UMS). Need assessment is one of the crucial steps in Curriculum Development and we decided to study the perceptions of UMS on the need, structure and design of the curriculum on 'Professionalism'. Ethical clearance was obtained from IRB, SRMC.

[1]. Regulations on Graduate Medical Education,2012.Available fromwww.mciindia.org/tools/announcement/Revised_GME_2012.pdf
[2]. Krishna G Seshadri;Creating PRODEV – a program to formalize the informal curriculum. Sri Ramachandra Journal of Medicine, Vol. 1 Issue 2: 1 - 3 (2007)
[3]. Modi, et al; Teaching and Assessing Professionalism. Indian Pediatrics. Volume 51__November 15, 881 – 888 (2014)
[4]. Epstein RM, Hundert EM. Defining and assessing professional competence. JAMA. 287:226-35 (2002)
[5]. O'Sullivan H, Van Mook W, Fewtrell R, Wass V. Integrating professionalism into the curriculum: AMEEGuide No. 61.Med Teach. 34:e64-7 (2012)

Abstract: Objective: The Wormian bones are small accessory bones found in the cranial sutures. The present study examines the incidence of these Wormian bones in dry skulls in the North costal Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods and Results: In a sample study of 58 skulls, we have found in 14 of them (24.13%), the Wormian bones confined to the lambdoid suture only and their number ranging from 1 to 4. When in multiples they showed a tendency to be more on the right side. We have not found any of them in the coronal suture or sagittal suture or at the pterion. One skull showed quite a large Wormian bone extending into the occipital bone. (Figures) Key words: Wormian bones (WBs) sutures, ossification centers

[1]. Thomë Bartholini epistolarun medicinalium, a doctis vel ad doctos scriptarum, centuria I, Hagë Comitum, apud Petrum Gosse, bibliopolam, MDCCXL. 9l, 416 pp. sm. 8, p 122

[2]. Parker CA: Wormian Bones. Chicago, Robert Press, 1905

[3]. Pryles CV, Khan AJ: Wormian bones: A marker of CNS abnormality? Am J Dis Child 133:380, 1979)

[4]. Kaplan SB, Kemp SS, Oh KS. Radiographic manifestations of congenital anomalies of the skull.RadiolClin North Am 29:195, 1991)

[5]. Bennett KA: The etiology and genetics of wormian bones. Am J PhysAnthropol 23:255, 196

[6]. El-Najjar KA, Dawson GL: The effect of artificial cranial deformations on the incidence of Wormian bones in the lambdoid suture. Am J PhysAnthropol 46:155, 1977)

Abstract: ARM is commonly associated with duodenal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, vertebral and renal anomalies (VACTERL anomalies) but, here we report a case of 3 day old newborn, presented with ARM, occipital encephalocele (posterior) and microcephaly, posted for emergency high loop sigmoid colostomy. Difficult airway was anticipated, however tracheal intubation accomplished without any aid with Kimberly- Clark microcuff paediatric endotracheal tube. Thus, in this case report we highlight a rare association of ARM, occipital encephalocele (posterior) and microcephaly along with anaesthetic challenges we faced in this case those are worth to share. Keywords: ARM (anorectal malformation), occipital encephalocele, microcephaly, difficult airway.

[1]. Chowdhary SK1, Chalapathi G, Narasimhan KL, et al. An audit of neonatal colostomy for high anorectal malformation: the developing world perspective Pediatr Surg Int 2004 Feb;20(2):111-3

[2]. Walia P, Bhargawa P, Sandhu K. Giant occipital encephalocele. Armed Forces Med J India 2005;61:293–4.
[3]. Shimizu T, Kitamura S, Kinouchi K, Fukumitsu K. A rare case of upper airway obstruction in an infant caused by basal encephalocele complicating facial midline deformity. Paediatr Anaesth. 1999;9:73–6.

[4]. Yentis SM. Predicting difficult intubation—Worthwhile exercise or pointless ritual? Anaesthesia.2002;57:105–9.

[5]. Manhas Y, Chinnan NK, Singh AK. Neonatal airway management in occipital encephalocele. Anesth Analg. 2006;103:1632.

[6]. Arya VK. Basics of fluid and blood transfusion therapy in paediatric surgical patients. Indian J Anaesth 2012; 56:454-62.

[7]. Isada T, Miwa T, Hiroki K, Fukuda S. The management of the difficult pediatric airway. Masui.2005;54:490–5.

Abstract: The aim of this prospective study is to compare the result of treatment in two groups , one group closed intramedullary nailing after reaming with the other group closed reduction followed by plaster casting in the patient having isolated closed diaphyseal tibial fracture in adult.
Materials & Methods: All patients with an isolated closed unilateral fracture of the tibial diaphysis, , were evaluated for inclusion in the present study. Inclusion criteria were displaced closed fractures. The fractures of type A and B, according to the AO-classification system, were considered suitable for the study Patients who agreed to participate in the study were randomized using the technique of stratified randomization by minimization.

[1]. Alho, A.; Benterud, J. G.; Hogevold, H. E.; Ekeland, A.; and Stromsoe, K.: Comparison of functional bracing and locked intramedullary nailing in the treatment of displaced tibial shaft fractures. Clin. Orthop., 277: 243-50,1992.
[2]. Bone, L. B., and Johnson, K. D.: Treatment of tibial fractures by reaming and intramedullary nailing. J. Bone and Joint Surg., 68-A: 877-87, July 1986.
[3]. Bostman, O. M.: Spiral fractures of the shaft of the tibia. Initial displacement and stability of reduction. J. Bone and Joint Surg., 68-B(3): 462-6,1986.
[4]. Bostman, O.; Vainionpaa, S.; and Saikku, K.: Infra-isthmal longitudinal fractures of the tibial diaphysis: results of treatment using closed intramedullary compression nailing. J. Trauma, 24: 964-9,1984.
[5]. Digby, J. M.; Holloway, G. M.; and Webb, J. K.: A study of function after tibial cast bracing. Injury, 14: 432-9,1983.
[6]. Collins, D. N.; Pearce, C. E.; and McAndrew, M, P.: Successful use of reaming and intramedullary nailing of the tibia. J. Orthop. Trauma, 4:315-22,1990.

Abstract: This study was designed to determine the morphometric changes induced by aqueuos extract of Boswellia dalzielii stem bark on the testes of Adult Wistar Rats. Thirty six (36) male Adult Wistar Rats weighing between 199-290g were randomly divided into four (4) groups of nine(9) rats each containig five(5) experimentals and four (4) controls. The experimental rats in all the four groups were administerd 200mg/kg of the plant extract for different period. Group 1,2 3 and 4 were sacrificed on the 2nd, 4th , 6th and 8th weeks of the experiment.

[1] Hawkins EB, Ehrlich SD and Phoenix A. What is herbal medicine? History of Herbal Medicine. University of Maryland Medical Centre. 2007.http://www.umm.edu.com. [2] Etuk EU, Agaie BM, Onyeyili PA, and Otta CU Anti-diarrhoea effect of Boswellia dalzielii stem Bark Extract n Albino Rats; Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2006. 1(6); Academic Journals Inc, USA; Pp 591-596. [3] Aliyu R, Gatsing D, Jaryum KH. The effect of Boswellia dalzielii (Burseraceae) aqueous extract on rat liver function; Asian Journal of Biochemistry; 2006 Academy Journals.
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[5] Burfield T. Frankincense; A Brief Catch up; Samara Nature Intelligence; http://www.aroma_connection.org/ecologicalcultural_sustainability. Posted January 1, 2009 as assessed on 21 December, 2009. [6] Nwiyi FC, Binda L, Ajoku GA, Aniagu SO, Enwerem NM, Orisadipe A, Kubarawa D, Gamaniel KS.Evaluation of the aqueous extract of the Boswellia dalzielii stem bark for antimicrobial activities and gastrointestinal effects; african Journal of Biotechnology. 2004. Vol 3(5); Pp 284-288.

Abstract: Extraction of third molars occupies a major portion of the clinical practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Post surgery sequelae are a part and parcel of this branch and this applies to minor oral surgical procedure as well. It is an indispensable part of healing and also responsible for the temporary discomfort caused to the patients. These postoperative sequelae include pain, trismus and swelling. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been largely used postoperatively to decrease the amount of discomfort. Piroxicam is a non-selective, oxicam derivative available in oral as well as sublingual formulations. This article reviews its use in the postoperative management of pain, trismus and swelling after third molar extraction.

Key words: impaction, piroxicam, sublingual and third molars

[1]. C. Mc Grahh, M. B. Comfort, E. C. M. Lo and Y.M. Luo. Changes in life quality following third molar surgery- the immediate postoperative period. British Dent Jr., March 2003; 194: 265-268.
[2]. Yakup Ustun, Ozgur Erdogan, Emin Esen and Ebru Deniz Karsli. Comparison of the effects of 2 doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003; 96:535-9
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[5]. Micah G, Godwin T A, and A L. Assessment of Factors Associated with Surgical Difficulty in Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Extraction .Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery2007; 65(10):1977-83
[6]. Ten Bosch JJ, Van Gool AV. The interrelation of postoperative complaints after removal of the mandibular third molar. Int J Oral Surg 1977; 6(1): 22-28.

Abstract: Establish a person's identity can be a very complex process, one of the main objectives of the forensic sciences. It is widely acknowledged that in some forensic situations there are limitations to identification of the deceased by fingerprints, DNA and dental records. Palatoscopy or palatal rugoscopy is the study of palatal rugae in order to establish a person's identity. Palatal rugae pattern of an individual may be considered as a useful adjunct for sex determination for identification purposes. This paper will provide a review on palatal rugae and its applications in forensic dentistry.

Keywords: Palatal rugae, Rugoscopy, Human identification

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[2]. Paliwal A.,Wanjari S. and Parwani R., Palatal rugoscopy,Establishing identity, J Forensic Dent Sci.,2(1), 27-31 ( 2010)
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[4]. Caldas IM., Magalhães T. and Afonso A., Establishing identity using cheiloscopy and palatoscopy, Forensic Sci.Int., 165(1), 1-9 (2007)
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[6]. patil MS, patil SB, Acharya AB. Palatal rugae and their significance in clinical dentistry: a review of literature J Am Dent Assoc 2008; 139: 1471-78
[7]. Bullar A, Kaur RP, Kamat MS palatal rugae; an aid in clinical dentistry. J Forensic Res 2011; 2(3): doi :10 . 4172/2157-7145. 1000124

Abstract: Gingival health and appearance are essential components of an attractive smile. Gingival pigmentation results from melanoblastic activity. 'Black gums' are common esthetic problem particularly in patients who have a very high smile line (gummy smile). Different treatment modalities have been reported for depigmentation of gingiva such as bur abrasion, scraping, partial thickness flap, cryotherapy, electrosurgery and laser. The following clinical study describes three different surgical depigmentation techniques: scalpel surgery,gingival abrasion with electrosurgery, and a diode laser.

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[6]. Tamizi M, Taheri M. Treatment of severe hysiologic gingival pigmentation with free gingival autograft. Quintessence Int 1996;27(8):555-8.