iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2016

Abstract: Aim. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the amount of space loss after a premature loss of a deciduous second molar in the upper or lower arch and to determine which factors influencethis space loss. Materials and methods. This study contained 44 patients with unilateral premature loss of the deciduous second molar in the upper arch and 55 patients with an unilateral premature loss of the deciduous second molar in the lower arch. Contralateral side with no premature tooth loss served as a control side. Measurements to assess space loss were acquired from plaster models, panoramicand lateral cephalometric X-rays............

Keywords: deciduous molars, premature loss, space loss.

[1]. D.G. Owen, The incidence and nature space closure following the premature extraction of deciduous teeth: A literature survey. American Journal of Orthodontics, 59(1), 1971,37-49.
[2]. W.R.Proffit, I.C.Bennett, Space maintenance, serial extraction and the general practitioner. Journal of American Dental Association, 74(3),1967, 411-419.
[3]. D.B.Law, Space maintenance. Journal of Dentistry for Children, 25,1958, 130-134.
[4]. N.H.Olsen, Space maintenance. Dental Clinics inNorth America,7, 1959,339-353.
[5]. C.F.L.Hinrichsen, Space maintenance in pedodontics. Australian Dentistry Journal, 7,1962,451-456..

Abstract:Perforations are the undesirable complications that can occur during root canal treatment. Cervical perforations, below the crestal bone (subcrestal) has poor prognosis after repair. Inadequate sealing capacity and lack of biocompatibility of the repair materials has been a contributing factor to the poor outcome of repair procedures. Newer biocompatible and bioactive materials have provided more predictable results after sealing of perforation. It has been concluded that MTA provides an effective seal of perforations and can be considered a potential repair material enhancing the prognosis of perforated teeth. This article presents case report of iatrogenic middle third root perforation repaired successfully with MTA without internal matrix with 12 months follow up..

Keywords: Iatrogenic Perforation, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Subcrestal Perforation

[1]. Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Pitt Ford TR. Physical and chemical propertiesof a new root-end filling material. J Endod
1995; 21:349 –53.
[2]. Pitt ford TR,TorbanijedM,McKendryDJ,HongCU,KariyawasamSP.Use of mineral trioxide aggregate for repair of furcal
perforations.oralsurg O ral med Opathol Oral radiolEndod 1995;79:756-63
[3]. Kvinnsland I, Oswald RJ, Halse A, Gronningsaeter AG. A clinical and roentgenological study of 55 cases of root perforation.
IntEndod J 1989: 22: 75–84
[4]. Seltzer S, Bender IB, Smith J, Freedman I, Nazimov H. Endodontic failures – an analysis based on clinical, roentgenographic, and
histologic findings. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1967: 23: 500–530.
[5]. 5)Sinai IH. Endodontic perforations: their prognosis and treatment. J Am Dent Assoc 1977: 95: 90–95.

Abstract: An interesting case of 2 years old male child patient presented with reddish, soft pedunculated mass in the right buccal mucosa followed by a minor traumatic penetration of buccal mucosa with tooth brush. Aim: The purpose of this article is to report a rare interesting lesion in the buccal mucosa of 2 years old male patient and importance of eliciting the careful history taking and thorough examination before treating patient.

Keywords: Buccal fat pad, traumatic herniation, surgical removal

[1]. Clawson JR, Kline KK, Armbrecht EC. Trauma induced avulsion of the buccal fat pad into the mouth: report of a case. J Oral Surg
26:546 – 547, 1968.
[2]. Fleming P. Traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad: a report of two cases. Br J oral Maxillofac surg. 1986; 24:265 – 268.
[3]. Horie n, Shimoyama T, Kaneko T, Ide Fumio.Traumatic herniation of the buccal fat pad. Ped Dent. 2001;23(3):249-252.
[4]. Kenji Takasaki, Chiharu Kihara, Kaori Enatsu, Hidetaka Kumagami, Haruo Takahashi. Traumatic Pseudolipoma of the buccal fat
pad.
[5]. Matarasso A. Pseudoherniation of the buccal fat pad. A new clinical syndrome. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;100:723 – 730.
[6]. Muroki T, Nakagawa K, Narinobou M, Yamamoto E. A case of traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad. Report of a case. J Jpn
Stomatol Soc. 1996; 45:46 – 50..

Abstract: Aims And Objectives 1. to analyse the clinical profile of serologicaly proven dengue fever 2. to analyse the outcome of serologicaly proven dengue fevrer Materials And Methods Study design: descriptive study , Study period: june2014-june2015 Study place: meenakshi medical college hospital &research institute Study population: all children of both sexes between 1 to 14 years of age admitted in paediatric ward with acute febrile illness fulfilling WHO criteria for dengue fever, sample size

Keywords:dengue fever, NS1 antigen, , shock

[1]. Sharma S and Sharma SK. Clinical profile of in adults during 1996 outbreak in Delhi, India.
[2]. Dengue Bulletin. 1998; 22: 20-27.
[3]. Nimmanitya S and Kalayanarooj S. Guidelines for DHF case management for workshop on case
[4]. management of DHF, Queen Sirikit National Institute For Child Health, Ministry of Public
[5]. Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 2002.

Abstract: It has been proved that Propofol is sufficient to intubate patients without muscle relaxants, because of its property to suppress airway reflexes better than any other agents . Therefore we evaluated intubating conditions with different doses of Propofol without muscle relaxants on 90 patients of ASA Grade I and II posted for elective surgery requiring general anaesthesiainto group I (Propofol 2mg/kg);group II (propofol 2.5mg/kg)group III (Propofol 3mg/kg).Pre medicationwith inj. Glycopyrrolate, inj. Ranitidine, inj. ondensetron, inj. Midazolam and inj. Fentanyl as slow iv given. After 5mins, Inductionof anaesthesia was done with inj. Propofol followed by inj. Lignocaine (preservative free)1.5mg/kg as IV bolus, 90 seconds after completion of Propofol, intubation was performed. Intubating conditions were assessed at various level. Ideal conditions for intubation without muscle relaxants were possible with 3 mg/kg Propofol, 2 μg/kg fentanyl & 1.5 mg/kg lignocaine. The stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation attenuated well...........

Keywords: Airway reflexes, fentanyl, intubation, propofol, without Muscle relaxants.

[1]. Keaveny JP, Knell PJ Intubation under induction doses of Propofol Anaesthesia 1988 ;43:80-81 .
[2]. Shaikh S and Vijaylaxmi PB. Tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in children Ind.J Anaesth ,2010, Jan-Feb;(1):29-34.
[3]. Andel H , Klune G , Andel D , Felfering M , Donner A , Scheamm W and Zimpfer M Propofol without muscle relaxants for conventional or fiberoptic Nasotracheal Intubation ;A dose finding study .Anaesth. Analg. 2000; vol. 91 (2) 458-461
[4]. Gore MS , Harnagale KD .Evaluation of intubating conditions with varying doses of Propofol without muscle relaxants .J. Anaesth. Clin Pharmacol 2011;27 (1):27-30 .
[5]. Erhans E ,Ugur G, Alper I , Gunusen I, Ozyar B .Traheal intbation without muscle relaxants :remifentanil or alfentanil in combination with Propofol .Eur J anaesthesiol. 2003 Jan; 20(1):37-43 .

Abstract: Retroperitoneal sarcomas comprise heterogeneous groups of neoplasms, generally presenting late in the disease course, associated with poor patient survival and less amenable to complete surgical excision. Aim Of The Study: To analyse the clinicopathological features of different types of retroperitoneal sarcomas and the role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of selected cases. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of retroperitoneal sarcomas reported in a tertiary care hospital (Institute of Pathology, Madras Medical College, Chennai) from January 2007 to August 2014. The cases were studied with reference to age, sex, tumor size, histological type and grade. The immunohistochemical evaluation done in selected cases reviewed...........

Keywords: immunohistochemistry, retroperitoneum, sarcomas, soft tissue tumors

[1]. Enzinger and Weiss Soft Tissue Tumors, fifth edition.
[2]. Rosai and Ackerman's Surgical Pathology, tenth edition.
[3]. Lewis JJ, Leung D, Woodruff JM, Brennan MF. Retroperitoneal soft-tissue sarcoma: analysis of 500 patients treated and followed
at a single institution. Ann Surg. 1998; 228: 355-365.
[4]. Heslin MJ, Lewis JJ, Nadler E, et al. Prognostic factors associated with long-term survival for retroperitoneal sarcoma: implications
for management.JClinOncol. 1997;15(8):2832-2839.
[5]. Alvaro Figueredo,viven H.C Bramwell,RobertBell,AileenM.Davis,ManyaL.charrette,Adjuvant chemotherapy following complete
resection of soft tissue sarcoma in adults,Sarcoma,2002 Mar;6(1):5-18

Abstract: Background - Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are KIT-expressing signal driven mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Currently the diagnosis of these tumours is based on study of histo morphologic features and Immunohistochemical (IHC) demonstration of CD117 which is essential to distinguish it from other mesenchymal tumours of GI tract. Surgical resection followed by adjuvant treatment of Tyrosine kinase inhibitor has got encouraging outcomes even in chemotherapy-resistant advanced GIST. Aim- To present the clinical, radiological, histopathological and IHC features in seventeen cases. Material and Methods- Medical records of all seventeen patients were reviewed for their clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, radiological, histopathological and IHC findings in detail...........

Keywords: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours, IHC, Tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

[1]. Agaram NP,Besmer P, Wong c c,Guo Tianhua,Socci ND, , et al. Pathologic and molecular heterogeneity in Imatinib-stable or
Imatinib-Responsive Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours. Clin Cancer Res2007 ;13(1):170–181.
[2]. Andtbacka RH, Ng CS, Scaife CL, Cormier JN, Hunt KK, Pisters PW, Pollock RE, Benjamin RS, Burgess MA, Chen LL, Trent
J,Patel SR, Raymond K, Feig BW. Surgical resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumours after treatment with imatinib. Ann Surg
Oncol. 2007 Jan;14(1):14-24.
[3]. Mazur MT, Clark HB. Gastric stromal tumours: Reappraisal of histogenesis. Am J Surg Pathol 1983; 7: 507–519.
[4]. Sanders KM, Koh SD, Ward SM. Interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers in the gastrointestinal tract. Annu Rev
Physiol. 2006;68:307–343.
[5]. Kim KM, Kang DW, Moon WS, Park JB, Park CK, Sohn JH, Jeong JS, Cho MY, Jin SY, Choi JS, Kang DY; Gastrointestinal
Stromal Tumor Committee; Korean Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours in Koreans: it's
incidence and the clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical findings. J Korean Med Sci. 2005 Dec;20(6):977-84

Abstract: Introduction: neonatal septicemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality,overall incidence varies between 1-8 cases/1000 live births,It accounts for 50%of neonatal mortality,clinical features are non specific and early diagnosis of sepsis poses great difficulties.Though the positive blood culture is diagnostic but it is time consuming and has success rate of only 40%,so its highly necessary to analyse early indirect septic marker to diagnose septicemia in early stage. Aim & objectives.: 1.To analyse the clinical profile,predisposing factors and outcome of neonatal sepsis 2.To analyse statistical signicance of various septic markers. Materials & methods: The study was descriptive prospective study conducted in meenakshi medical college hospital over 1 year period from June 2014 to June 2015.100 neonates with strong suspicion of sepsis were included in this study...........

keywords: CRP, m-esr,sepsis,

[1]. karen MP.Bacterial and fungal infections.In:John P Cloherty,Eric C Elchenwald Ann RS, Manual of Neonatal Care. 5th
edition.Philadelphia:Lippincott;2004p.287-312
[2]. Barbara J Stoll. Infection of neonatal infant.In:Richara EB, Robert MK, Hal BJ. Editors, Nelson text book of pediatrics. 17th
edition. Philadelphia: Saunders;2004p 630-639
[3]. Gupta Piyush, Murali MV, Faridi MMA, Caul PB, Ramachandran V G, V Talwar. Clinical profile of Klebsiella septicemia in
neonates. Indian Journal of Pediatrics1993;69:565-572.
[4]. Khauta SP, Das AK, Chatterjee BD,Khauta S, Ghose B, Saha A. Neonatal Septicemia. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics
1986;53:509-514.
[5]. Agarwal M, Chathurvedi P, Dey SK, Narang P, Coagulase negative staphylococcal septicemia in newborn. Indian Pediatrics
1990;27:163-169.

Abstract: Aim: To study the impact of source of drinking water and maternal literacy on the incidence and severity of symptoms of rotavirus diarrhea. Method: The study is a reanalysis of data of two non-interventional prospective observational studies in children admitted with acute diarrhea at two regional hospitals - one in a rural and other in a suburban environment of West Bengal, India. Results: Similar clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection were found in both localities i.e. diarrhea less than 6 days, fever, vomiting. Pain abdomen and rice watery stools were often present. Stool occult blood, WBC and ova parasite cyst were usually negative. The cases with dehydration.........

Keywords: rotavirus, maternal literacy, drinking water, diarrhea

[1]. Parashar UD, Hummelman EG, Bresee JS, Miller MA, Glass RI. Global illness and deaths caused by rotavirus disease in children.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 May; 9(5):565-72.
[2]. Kurugol Z, Geylani S, Karaca Y et al. Rotavirus gastroenteritis among children under five years of age in Izmir, Turkey. Turk J
Pediatr 2003; 45: 290–4.
[3]. Ruuska T, Vesikari T. Rotavirus disease in Finnish children: use of Clinical Consequences of RV Disease in Europe • JID 2007:195
(Suppl 1) • S35 numerical scores for clinical severity of diarrhoeal episodes. Scand J Infect Dis 1990; 22:259–67.
[4]. 4. Ken Gewertz; Social determinants key in who gets good care;Ethics of health disparities are nuanced and thorny; HARVARD
GAZETTE ARCHIVES; Issue: May 19, 2005; http://www.hno.harvard.edu/gazette/2005/05.19/01-bioethics.html; accessed
August 2, 2008.
[5]. Shanti Gamper-Rabindran, Shakeeb Khan, Christopher Timmins. Impact of piped water supply on infant mortality rate in Brazil: A
quantile panel data approach. Journal of Development Economics 2010 July; 92 (2): 188-200.

Abstract: We have extreme scarcity of mental health services to children &adolescents.Because of ignorance, myths & misconceptions regarding mental illness many parents and their care-takers hesitate to seek help from mental health profession. Child and adolescent mental problems are increasing in frequency, though variable in type among the South Asian and Western population. A variety of psychiatric manifestations can be seen in children and adolescent below the age of 19 years.This study aims to examine the socio-demographic, morbidity profiles, & clinical correlates of child & adolescent patients attending the psychiatry out-patient departmentKhaja Banda Nawaz Institute of Medical Sciences over a 1year period. It is a retrospective case record analysis of all child & adolescent patients attending the psychiatry out-patient department between Jan- Dec 2011 in KBNIMS, Kalaburgi, India.........

Keywords: Child & adolescent, psychiatric morbidity, socio-demographic, dissociative disorder, retrospective study.

[1]. Hassan ZK. Children mental health problems and prospects using primary health care. Pak J Child Mental Health 1991;2:90-101.
[2]. Murray CJL , Lopez AD, editors. The global burden of disease . Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press on behalf of the World
Health Organization & World Bank. 1996: 201-46.
[3]. Sawyer MG ,Arney FM, Baghurst JJ, et al. The mental health of young people in Australia: key findings from the child and
adolescent component of the national survey of mental health and wellbeing. Aust NZJ Psychiatry 2001;35:806-14
[4]. McKelvey RS, Sang DL, Baldassar L, Davies L ,NRoberts L, Cutler N . The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among
Vietnamese children and adolescents. Medical Journal of Australia 2002; 17:410-3
[5]. Sourander A, Turunen MM. Psychiatric hospital care among children and adolescents in Finland: a nation wide register study. Soc
Psychiatry Epidemiology 1999; 34:105-10

Abstract: Constrictive pericarditis causes impaired diastolic function of the heart and is an uncommon antecedent of heart failure. But it is difficult to diagnose it through imaging modalities. The presence of pericardial calcification is the key to arrive at its diagnosis. Here, we report a case of atrioventricular groove calcification in a 62 year old male patient admitted to our Hospital with a 5-month history of gradually worsening dyspnea on exertion, swelling of abdomen, scrotum and lower limbs and difficulty to lie down supine. It was likely to be of tubercular origin..........

Key words: atrioventricular groove, computerised tomography, pericardial calcification

[1]. Lynn S. Broderick. Heart and Pericardium In: Vikram S. Dogra, Michael Forsting, Robert C. Gilkeson, Hyun Kwon Ha, Murali Sundaram, editors. CT and MRI of the whole body. John R. Haaga. Fifth Edition. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2009. Pp 1133-70.
[2]. Isner JM, Carter BL, Bankoff MS, Konstam MA, Salem DN. Computed tomography in the diagnosis of pericardial heart disease. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97: 473 – 9.
[3]. Bogaert J, Francone M. Pericardial disease: value of CT and MR imaging.Radiology 2013; 267: 340 - 56. Ling LH, Oh JK, Schaff HV, Danielson GK, Mahoney DW, Seward JB, et al. Constrictive pericarditis in the modern era: evolving clinical spectrum and impact on outcome after pericardiectomy. Circulation 1999; 100:1380 - 6.
[4]. De Luca G, Ponticelli P, Coronella G, Pepino P. Massive and severe calcific constrictive pericarditis. AnnThoracSurg 2012; 94:1738.
[5]. MuSook Lee,JoonHyouk Choi, Young Uck Kim, and Su Wan Kim. Ring-shaped calcific constrictive pericarditis strangling the heart: a case report .Int J Emerg Med. 2014; 7: 40.

Abstract: Aims:This study was carried out with an objective to assess different reasons of medication non-compliance in a sample of out-door psychiatric patients and to evaluate the correlation between clinical variables and causes of non-compliance to drugs. This study was conducted at Psychiatry department, KhajaBanda NawazIinstitute of Medical Sciences,Kalaburgi; from (1st Sept 2015 to 31st Aug 2016) .Data from a non-probability sample of 50 follow-up patients with a definite psychiatric illness was collected. Patients were recruited who were between 18 and 60 years of age and who were treated in the outpatient clinics of the psychiatry department. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, level of education, marital status, and income) were recorded on a proforma designed by the author...........

Keywords:Socio-demographic characteristics, non-compliance, psychiatric illness, reasons.

[1]. Ghaziuddin N, King CA, Hovey JD, Zaccagni J, Ghaziuddin M. Medication Non compliance in adolescents with psychiatric
disorders, Child Psychiatry. Hum. Dev 1999; 30,103-110.
[2]. Blackwell, B. Treatment adherence. British Journal of Psychiatry 1976; 126,512-31.
[3]. Kane, J.M.Compliance issues in outpatient treatment .Journal of clinical psychopharmacology 1985; 5:22-27.
[4]. Non-compliance and professional power. John F.Playle RN Bsc (Hons) Msc Dip counseling CPN & Philip Keeley RN MA BA
CPN CortRNT.Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1998,27,304-311.
[5]. Adams, S.G.Jr, & Howe, J.T.Predicting medication compliance in a psychotic population. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
1993; 181:558-560.

Abstract: A bridge from the known to the unknown is teaching. Part of the bridge is to understand the learners, the learning process, understanding and identifying how knowledge is elated from textbooks, videos and the multimedia's to the learners (Alexandra &Georgeta, 2011) [1]. There are several methods used to determine learning styles. Fleming defines "A learning style is, rather, a description of a process, or of preferences. Any inventory that encourages a learner to think about the way that he or she learns is a useful step towards understanding, and hence improving, learning ". One of the most commonly used learning styles inventory is the Fleming VARK model.[© Copyright Version 7.8 (2014) held by VARK Learn Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand.] VARK classifies the learners

[1]. Alexandra, M. I., &Georgeta, M. (2011). How to better meet our students' learning style through the course resources. Annals of
The University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 20 (2), pp.578-585.
[2]. Kumar, A. A., Smriti, A., Pratap, S. A., &Krishnee, G. (2012, January-March). An analysis of gender differences in learning style
preferences among medical students. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 5 (1), pp. 9-16.
[3]. Bernardes, E., & Hanna, M. (2009, January). How do management students prefer to learn? Whyshould we care? International
Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 3 (1),pp. 1-12.
[4]. Krätzig, G. P., &Arbuthnott, K. D. (2006). Perceptual Learning Style and Learning Proficiency: ATest of the Hypothesis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 238-246.
[5]. Murphy, R.J., Gray, S.A., Straja, S.R. and Bogert, M.C. (2004). Student learning preferences and teaching implications. Journal of
Dental Education, 68(8), 859-866.

Abstract: Evidence suggests that practitioners in developing countries are not equipped with sufficient knowledge and training to carry out proper case management of TB. A good number of these practitioners do not adhere to the norms of standard treatment guidelines for treating tuberculosis in their daily practice and are not much familiar with DOTs program. The aim of this review paper is to summarize research findings regarding management of pulmonary tuberculosis in terms of barriers, prescribing trends and adherence to standard treatment guidelines in developed and developing countries as well as Pakistan. A total of 66 studies were reviewed out of which 53 were from developed and developing countries and thirteen from Pakistan..........

Keywords : Adherence, Barriers, Prescribing trends, Perceptions, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Pakistan and Standard Treatment guidelines

[1]. Lienhardt, C. and J.A. Ogden, Tuberculosis control in resource‐poor countries: have we reached the limits of the universal paradigm? Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2004. 9(7): p. 833-841.
[2]. Langendam, M.W., et al., Prevalence of inappropriate tuberculosis treatment regimens: a systematic review. European Respiratory Journal, 2012. 39(4): p. 1012-1020.
[3]. Nnoaham, K., et al., Perceptions and experiences of tuberculosis among African patients attending a tuberculosis clinic in London. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2006. 10(9): p. 1013-1017.
[4]. Grimshaw, J.M. and I.T. Russell, Effect of clinical guidelines on medical practice: a systematic review of rigorous evaluations. The Lancet, 1993. 342(8883): p. 1317-1322.
[5]. Nahid, P., M. Pai, and P.C. Hopewell, Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 2006. 3(1): p. 103-110.

Abstract: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder, prevalent in Southeast Asia, with a malignant transformation rate of 2% to 10%. As the disease progresses, the connective tissue becomes increasingly hyalinised, creating a hostile micro-environment for the initiation and progression of tumour. Angiogenesis is defined as sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones and is conceded as the prerequisite for tumour initiation, progression and metastasis. VEGF is a prime growth factor involved in the angiogenesis associated with most cancers...........

Keywords: Oral cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, squamous cell carcinoma, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF

[1]. Pindborg JJ, Zachariah J. Frequency of oral submucous fibrosis among 100 Indians with oral cancer. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 1965; 32: 750-753.
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[3]. Murti PR, Bhonsle RB, Pindborg JJ, Daftary DK, Gupta PC, Mehta FS. Malignant transformation rate in oral submucous fibrosis over a 17 year period. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 1985; 13: 340-341.
[4]. Gupta PC et al. Incidence rates of oral cancer and natural history of oral precancerous lesions in a 10 year follow up study of Indian villagers. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 1980; 8: 287-333.
[5]. Ian FT, Richard PH, Robert GB, Lea H. The basic science of oncology (Fourth ed), McGraw-Hill Companies Ltd, United States. 2005; 231.

Abstract: A number of pathologies can present as groin swelling in adults. Among these, hydrocele of the cord presenting as swelling in adults is rare. Three cases of spermatic cord hydrocele in adult patients were noticed by the author in one year period. Two were of encysted hydrocele and one of funicular hydrocele of cord. The case of funicular hydrocele of cord was 32year old male, diagnosed as irreducible femoral hernia at initial presentation. In this case excision of cord swelling, closure of peritoneal sac and mesh repair of posterior wall of inguinal canal was performed

Keywords: Cord hydrocele, encysted hydrocele, funicular hydrocele

[1]. Garriga V, A Serrano, A Martin, S Medrano, N Roson, X Pruna. US of tunica vaginalis testis : anatomic relationships and pathologic conditions. Radio Graphics, 2009 ; 29 : 2017-32
[2]. Busigo J P, Eftekhari F. Encysted spermatic cord hydroceles : A report of three cases in adults and a review of literature. Acta Radiol. 2007 ; (48) : 1138-42
[3]. Martin L C, Share J C, Peters C, Atala A. Hydrocele of the spermatic cord : embryology and ultrasonographic appearance. Pediatr Radiol. 1996 ; 26 (8 ) : 528-530.
[4]. Rathaus V , Konen O , Shapiro M , Lazar L , Grunebaum M , Werner M . Ultrasound features of spermatic cord hydrocele in children. Br J Radiol 2001 ; 74 ( 885 ) : 818-820.
[5]. Warner B W , Pediatric surgery In : , Townsend C M , Beauchamp R D , Evers B M , Mattox K L , eds. Sabiston text book of Surgery : the biologic basis of modern surgical practice. 18th ed. Philadelphia , Pa : Saunders Elsevier , 2008 ; 2070

Abstract: Renal cell carcinoma is a serious and life threatening disease. Incidental detection of RCC is more often due to wide spread use of abdominal imaging. A decade ago, patients with metastatic RCC had very dismal prognosis. Now with aggressive surgery of complete resection of isolated metastases in favourable subgroups of patients of papillary RCC, 5 year survival of 30-50% has been shown, so metastasectomy is well worth considering, if all of it can be removed.

Keywords: Metastasectomy, metastatic renal cancer, Papillary Renal cell carcinoma, Abdominal wall metastasis.

[1]. Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B. Renal cell carcinoma. Lancet. 2009;373(9669):1119-1132.
[2]. Shvarts O, Lepper JT, Figlin RA, Belldegrun AS. Renal cell carcinoma 2005, New frontiers in staging,prognostication and targeted therapy. J Urol. 2005;173:1853–62.
[3]. Suresh Bhat Role of surgery in advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma Indian J Urol. 2010 Apr-Jun; 26(2): 167–176.
[4]. Namita Chittoria, Brian I Rini : Renal cell carcinoma. Cleveland clinic continuing education, August 2013. http:/www.cleveland clinic meded.com/medical pubs/disease management Park JW, Jo MK, Lee HM. Significance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography for the postoperative surveillance of advanced renal cell carcinoma. BJU Int. 2009;103(5):615-619.
[5]. Delahunt B, Eble JN.Papillary renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 105 tumors.Mod Pathol. 1997 Jun;10(6):537-44.

Abstract: Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a mucocutaneous disease affecting oral mucosa, skin and other surfaces. Presences of atrophic, erosive subtypes of OLP hinder oral hygiene maintenance and threaten periodontal health consequently. Aim: To study the effect of Oral lichen planus on oral hygiene practices and periodontal parameters. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was designed to evaluate potential effect of oral lichen planus on oral hygiene and periodontal parameters. 46 subjects -aged 20-70years- attending college of dentistry, Jazan University kingdom of Saudi Arabia were included in the study............

[1]. GorouhiF , DavariP , and FazelN. Cutaneous and Mucosal Lichen Planus: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Subtypes, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. Scientific World Journal Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 742826, 22 pages

[2]. Salem, G. 'Oral lichen planus among 4277 patients from Gizan, Saudi Arabia', Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. 6(17), 1989.

[3]. Newman M. G., H. H. Takei, and A. F. Carranza, Carranza's, Clinical Periodontology,W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa, USA,12th edition, 2011.chapter 19 page 264

[4]. Omal P.M, Jacob.V,Prathap A, and Thomas N.G. Prevalence of Oral, Skin, and Oral and Skin Lesions of Lichen Planus in Patients Visiting a Dental School in Southern India.IndianJ Dermatol. 57(2), 2012 Mar-Apr; 107–109
[5]. Edwards PC, Kelsch R. Oral lichen planus: Clinical presentation and management. J Can Dent Assoc 68, 2002, 494-9.

Abstract: Objective: To determine the effect of transdermal nitroglycerine for acute tocolysis in preterm labor with regard to its efficacy in delaying delivery for 48 hours to allow the maximum benefit of glucocorticoids to take effect on the fetal lungs, and analysis of side effects. Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Lalla Ded Hospital, Srinagar from February 2007 to December 2008. After fulfilling the inclusion criteria seventy five pregnant women presenting at 24-36 weeks of gestation in preterm labor were included in the study to receive 2 doses of transdermal nitroglycerine applied 24 hours apart as patches for tocolysis. Patients, in whom delivery was delayed for at least 48 hours to obtain benefit from two doses of corticosteroids, were taken as cases of primary success............

Keywords: Transdermal nitroglycerine, Preterm labor, Corticosteroids, Tocolysis.

[1]. Elliot JP. Magnesium sulfate as a tocolytic agent. Am J ObstetGynecol 1983; 147:277– 84.
[2]. Spisso KR, Harbert GM, Thiagarajah S. The use of magnesiumsulfate as the primary tocolytic agent to prevent premature
delivery.Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982;142:840 –5.
[3]. Abouleish AE, Corn SB. Intravenous nitroglycerin for intrapartumexternal version of the second twin. Anesth Analg 1994;78:808 –
9
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Gynecol1992;166:1237– 8.
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Abstract: Results: 84% patients belonged to age group 20-29 years. 8% and 4% patients were teen aged and elderly respectively. 64% patients were either P0+0 or P0+1. 8% patients were P0+3 and 2% patient were P3+0. 74% patients had RHD. 26% had class I, 40% had class II, 20% patients had grade III and 14% had grade IV heart disease. The associated complications were anemia 46%, Respiratory tract infection 12%, pregnancy induced hypertension 2% and recurrent rheumatic fever 2%. 48% had vaginal, 20% had forceps and 32% had caesarean delivery...........

Keywords: Feto-maternal outcome, heart disease, pregnancy

[1]. Klein LL, Galan HL. Cardiac disease in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am 2004; 31: 429−459.
[2]. Van Mook WNKA, Peeters L. Severe cardiac disease in pregnancy, partII: impact of congenital and acquired cardiac disease during
pregnancy. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005; 11(5): 435−448.
[3]. Anandaraja S, Kothari SS, Bahl VK. Management of valvular heart disease during pregnancy. Ind Heart J. 2005; A57(2): 101−108.
[4]. Saving Mothers. A report of the National Committee on Confidential Enquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa (1999−2001)
DOH. Pretoria: 162−174.
[5]. 5. Nqayana T, Moodley J, Naidoo DP. Cardiac disease in pregnancy. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2008;19(3):145–151

Abstract: In day today practice we see multiple numbers of cases of white lesions in the oral cavity; oral leukoplakia is one of prevalent white lesion.Proliferative verrucousleukoplakia(PVL) is exceptional and aggressive type of oral leukoplakia.A multifocal or diffuse extension makes the lesion inscrutable. In case of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia it is important to give a "clinicopathological" correlation............

Keywords: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, field cancerization, white patch.

[1]. M. Shaurya, S. Ravindra, Sarvani Murthy. Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia of the Gingiva: A Rare Palatal Presentation. Journal of Advanced Oral Research. Sep-Dec 2012 ; Vol. 3 No. 3: 35-39
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[3]. Gnepp D. Diagnostic surgical pathology of the head and neck. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier; 2009
[4]. Batsakis J, Suarez P, El-Naggar A. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and its related lesions. Oral Oncology. 1999;35(4):354-359.
[5]. Aguirre-Urizar J. Proliferative multifocal leukoplakia better name that proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. World J Surg Onc. 2011;9(1):122.